CZY1型海洋监测站自动监测系统一套

HY 海洋行业标准HY 003.1-1991：海洋环境监测规范总则HY 003.2-1991：海洋环境监测规范数据处理与分析质量控制HY 003.3-1991：海洋环境监测规范样品采集贮存与运输HY 003.4-1991：海洋环境监测规范水质分析HY 003.5-1991：海洋环境监测规范沉积物分析HY 003.6-1991：海洋环境监测规范生物体分析HY 010-1992：海洋仪器分类及型号命名办法HY 016.10-1992：海洋仪器基本环境试验方法试验Ka:盐雾试验HY 016.11-1992：海洋仪器基本环境试验方法试验Fc:振动试验HY 016.1-1992：海洋仪器基本环境试验方法总则HY 016.12-1992：海洋仪器基本环境试验方法试验Ea:冲击试验HY 016.13-1992：海洋仪器基本环境试验方法试验Eb:连续冲击试验HY 016.14-1992：海洋仪器基本环境试验方法试验Ec:倾斜和摇摆试验HY 016.15-1992：海洋仪器基本环境试验方法试验Q:水静压力试验HY 016.2-1992：海洋仪器基本环境试验方法试验A:低温试验HY 016.3-1992：海洋仪器基本环境试验方法试验Ha:低温贮存试验HY 016.4-1992：海洋仪器基本环境试验方法试验B:高温试验HY 016.5-1992：海洋仪器基本环境试验方法试验Hb:高温贮存试验HY 016.6-1992：海洋仪器基本环境试验方法试验N:温度变化试验HY 016.7-1992：海洋仪器基本环境试验方法试验Ca:恒定湿热试验HY 016.8-1992：海洋仪器基本环境试验方法试验Db:交变湿热试验HY 016.9-1992：海洋仪器基本环境试验方法试验J:长霉试验HY 021.10-1992：海洋仪器基本环境试验方法倾斜和摇摆试验导则HY 021.11-1992：海洋仪器基本环境试验方法水静压力试验导则HY 021.1-1992：海洋仪器基本环境试验方法高温低温试验导则HY 021.2-1992：海洋仪器基本环境试验方法高温低温贮存试验导则HY 021.3-1992：海洋仪器基本环境试验方法湿热试验导则HY 021.4-1992：海洋仪器基本环境试验方法温度变化试验导则HY 021.5-1992：海洋仪器基本环境试验方法长霉试验导则HY 021.6-1992：海洋仪器基本环境试验方法盐雾试验导则HY 021.7-1992：海洋仪器基本环境试验方法振动试验导则HY 021.8-1992：海洋仪器基本环境试验方法冲击试验导则HY 021.9-1992：海洋仪器基本环境试验方法连续冲击试验导则HY 025-1992：海洋仪器(设备)水下部件涂料涂覆技术条件HY 029.1-1993：海洋科学技术研究档案管理规范HY 029.2-1993：国家海洋局系统机关档案业务规范HY 029.3-1995：海洋调查观(监)测档案业务规范HY 034.5-1994：电渗析技术用于锅炉给水的处理要求HY 043-1997：海洋溢油鉴别系统规范HY 044-1997：海洋石油勘探开发常用消油剂性能指标及检验方法HY 070-2003：海域使用面积测量规范HY/T 003.10-1991：海洋环境监测规范污染物入海通量调查HY/T 003.7-1991：海洋环境监测规范大气分析HY/T 003.8-1991：海洋环境监测规范放射性核素测定HY/T 003.9-1991：海洋环境监测规范近海污染生态调查和生物监测HY/T 004-1991：全国海岛资源综合调查档案分类法HY/T 005-1991：SZC6-1型数字传输式温盐深剖面仪HY/T 006-1991：SBA3-2型台站声学测波仪HY/T 007-1992：颠倒温度表HY/T 008-1992：海洋仪器术语HY/T 009-1992：SYC1-1型感应式盐度计HY/T 011-1992：抓斗式采泥器HY/T 012-1992：机械式深温计HY/T 013-1992：手摇绞车HY/T 014-1992：印刷海流计HY/T 015-1992：厄克曼海流计HY/T 017-1992：表层水温表HY/T 018-1992：采水器HY/T 019-1992：海洋行业标准体系表HY/T 020-1992：海洋仪器印制线路装配板涂覆保护HY/T 022-1992：中国海洋调查机构代码HY/T 023-1992：中国海洋观测台站代码HY/T 024-1992：中国近海海洋调查断面代码HY/T 026-1992：海洋仪器(设备)牺牲阳极的保护设计和安装HY/T 027-1993：海洋仪器计数抽样检查程序和表HY/T 028-1993：海洋浊度标准液的配制HY/T 030.1-1993：中国极地考察档案分类法HY/T 030.2-1993：中国极地考察档案著录细则HY/T 031-1993：SLC9-2型直读式海流计HY/T 032-1994：海洋科学文献分类法HY/T 033-1994：海洋科学叙词表HY/T 034.1-1994：电渗析技术术语HY/T 034.2-1994：电渗析技术异相离子交换膜HY/T 034.3-1994：电渗析技术电渗析器HY/T 034.4-1994：电渗析技术脱盐方法HY/T 035-1994：海流计HY/T 036-1994：温度盐度深度综合测量系统HY/T 037.1-1994：海洋资料浮标准作业规范总则HY/T 037.2-1994：海洋资料浮标作业规范DS14HY/T 037.3-1994：海洋资料浮标作业规范FZS1-1HY/T 037.4-1994：海洋资料浮标作业规范FZF2-1HY/T 037.5-1994：海洋资料浮标作业规范FZS2-1HY/T 037.6-1994：海洋资料浮标作业规范资料处理HY/T 038-1995：GTL-D型膜孔径测定仪HY/T 039-1995：微孔滤膜孔性能测定方法HY/T 040-1996：系列采水器HY/T 041-1996：蒸馏及膜法水处理装置型号命名方法HY/T 042-1996：海洋仪器分类及型号命名办法HY/T 045-1999：海洋能源术语HY/T 046-1999：SCA2-2压力式验潮仪HY/T 047-1999：工程海冰技术规范HY/T 048-1999：SYA2-1型实验室盐度计HY/T 049-1999：中空纤维反渗透膜测试方法HY/T 050-1999：中空纤维超滤膜测试方法HY/T 051-1999：中空纤维微孔滤膜测试方法HY/T 052-1999：海洋经济统计分类与代码HY/T 053-2001：微孔滤膜HY/T 054.1-2001：中空纤维反渗透技术中空纤维反渗透组件HY/T 054.2-2001：中空纤维反渗透技术中空纤维反渗透组件测试方法HY/T 055-2001：折叠筒式微孔膜过滤芯HY/T 056-2001：海洋科学技术研究档案业务规范HY/T 057-2001：海洋管理机关档案业务规范HY/T 058-2001：海洋调查观测监测档案业务规范HY/T 059-2002：海洋站自动化观测通用技术要求HY/T 060-2002：中空纤维超滤装置HY/T 061-2002：中空纤维微滤膜组件HY/T 062-2002：中空纤维超滤膜组件HY/T 063-2002：管式陶瓷微孔滤膜元件HY/T 064-2002：管式陶瓷微孔滤膜测试方法HY/T 065-2002：聚偏氟乙烯微孔滤膜HY/T 066-2002：聚偏氟乙烯微孔滤膜折叠式过滤器HY/T 067-2002：水处理用玻璃钢罐HY/T 068-2002：饮用纯净水制备系统SRO系列反渗透设备HY/T 069-2003：海洋有害藻华(赤潮)监测技术导则HY/T 069-2005：赤潮监测技术规程(报批稿)HY/T 070-2003：海域使用面积测量规范HY/T 071-2003：表层漂流浮标HY/T 072-2003：卷式超滤技术平板超滤膜HY/T 073-2003：卷式超滤技术卷式超滤元件HY/T 075-2005：海洋信息分类与代码HY/T 076-2005：陆源入海排污口及邻近海域监测技术规程(报批稿)HY/T 077-2005：江河入海污染物总量监测技术规程(报批稿)HY/T 078-2005：海洋生物质量监测技术规程(报批稿)HY/T 079-2005：贻贝监测技术规程(报批稿)HY/T 080-2005：滨海湿地生态监测技术规程(报批稿)HY/T 081-2005：红树林生态监测技术规程(报批稿)HY/T 082-2005：珊瑚礁生态监测技术规程(报批稿)HY/T 083-2005：海草床生态监测技术规程(报批稿)HY/T 084-2005：海湾生态监测技术规程(报批稿)HY/T 085-2005：河口生态系统监测技术规程(报批稿)HY/T 086-2005：陆源入海排污口及邻近海域生态环境评价指南(报批稿) HY/T 087-2005：近岸海洋生态健康评价指南(报批稿)HY/T 089-2005：波浪浮标HY/T 090-2005：压力式波潮仪HY/T 091-2005：极区海洋环境自动监测浮标HY/T 092-2005：海洋实时传输潜标系统HY/T 093-2005：海水营养盐自动分析仪HY/T 094-2006：沿海行政区域分类与代码HY/T 095-2007：海洋溢油生态损害评估技术导则HY/Z 001-1988：海洋仪器产品标准化审查规定HY/Z 002-1988：产品图样及设计文件编号细则HYS 2-1989：明渠污水流量计、液位计暂行技术要求。

*通信作者修改稿收到日期：2022年6月18日专题：海洋观测探测与安全保障技术Ocean Observation and Security Assurance Technology引用格式：吴园涛, 任小波, 段晓男, 等. 构建自立自强的海洋科学观测探测技术体系的思考. 中国科学院院刊, 2022, 37(7): 861-869.Wu Y T, Ren X B, Duan X N, et al. Thoughts on constructing self-reliance and self-strengthening marine scientific observation and detectiontechnology system. Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 2022, 37(7): 861-869. (in Chinese)构建自立自强的海洋科学观测探测技术体系的思考吴园涛1*任小波2 段晓男3 文质彬1 董丹宏4 殷建平5 沙忠利6 赵宏宇7 蒋 磊8 江丽霞1 沈 刚11 中国科学院 重大科技任务局 北京 1008642 中国科学院 科技促进发展局 北京 1008643 中国科学院 前沿科学与教育局 北京 1008644 中国科学院大气物理研究所 北京 1000295 中国科学院南海海洋研究所 广州 5103016 中国科学院海洋研究所 青岛 2660717 中国科学院沈阳自动化研究所 沈阳 1101698 中国科学院深海科学与工程研究所 三亚 572000摘要 海洋是国家战略必争领域，建设海洋强国必须要提高海洋资源开发能力，发展海洋经济，保护海洋生态环境，坚决维护国家海洋权益。

推动海洋科技实现高水平科技自立自强，是加快建设海洋强国的必然要求。

海洋观测探测技术是认识海洋的基本手段，是海洋资源开发、环境保护和权益维护的重要基础。

COPERNICUS MARINE ENVIRONMENT MONITORING SERVICE COPERNICUS Marine EnvironmentMonitoring ServiceViewer User GuideReference: CMEMS-CIS-UM-VIEWCHANGE RECORDTABLE OF CONTENTSI Introduction (5)II Basic Data Viewing (6)II.1 Selecting product(s) (6)II.2 Getting product information (6)II.3 Selecting a different dataset and variable (7)II.4 Selecting time and depth (8)III Advanced Data Viewing (9)III.1 Changing the data style (9)III.1.1Changing the colour palette (9)III.1.2Changing the scale (11)III.2 Exploring the data further (13)III.2.1Moving around the map (13)III.2.2Getting detailed information about a point (14)III.2.3Plotting a transect (15)III.2.4Changing the background map and the projection (15)III.2.5Animating your data (16)III.3 Sharing your data (16)LIST OF FIGURESFIGURE 1: VIEWER GENERAL INTERFACE (5)FIGURE 2: PRODUCT/DATASET DETAILS (6)FIGURE 3: DATASET SELECTION (7)FIGURE 4: VARIABLE SELECTION (7)FIGURE 5: TIME AND DEPTH SELECTION (8)FIGURE 6: COLOUR PALETTE (9)FIGURE 7: NUMBER OF BANDS FOR COLOUR PALETTE (10)FIGURE 8: BOXFILL FEATURE (10)FIGURE 9: OPACITY OF LAYER (11)FIGURE 10: COLOUR PALETTE - SCALE SELECTION (11)FIGURE 11: COLOUR PALETTE - SCALE ADJUSTMENT (12)FIGURE 12: COLOUR PALETTE – AUTO ADJUST SCALE (12)FIGURE 13: COLOUR PALETTE - SCALE TYPE SELECTION (13)FIGURE 14: COLOUR PALETTE - SCALE LOCK (13)FIGURE 15: EXPLORING THE MAP (MOVE, ZOOM...) . (14)FIGURE 16: DETAILED INFORMATIONS (14)FIGURE 17: PLOTTING TRANSECT (15)FIGURE 18: SELECT BACKGROUND MAP AND PROJECTION (15)FIGURE 19: ANIMATIONS (16)FIGURE 20: SHARE PLOTS (16)I INTRODUCTIONThe Copernicus Marine Environment Monitoring Service (CMEMS) Viewer is the entry point for visualising oceanographic data. It is directly linked to the catalogue website. This user guide explains the main features of the Viewer and explains how to use them. The following images show example screens when using the Viewer:Figure 1: Viewer general interfaceCMEMS Viewer is based on Godiva2 web client implemented by University of Reading. You can find more information regarding the Godiva2 web client and ncWMS on Reading e-Science Centre WikiII BASIC DATA VIEWINGII.1 Selecting product(s)Currently, product selection is only available through the CMEMS catalogue. To select a product click on “ONLINE CATALOGUE” of the CMEMS main page. Select your desired product from the catalogue and click on “M ORE INFO”. Then c lick on the “VIEW PRODUCT” button of the product. This will return you to the Viewer of your product selected.To return to the catalogue and select another product, click on the “BACK TO SEARCH" bu tton. It returns on your previous searching. Then select another product and proceed as define at the bottom, to view the product selected.The list of all the products selected is created on the left side of the windows, in “MY CART” section. II.2 Getting product informationClicking on the product information button will bring up a window containing information about the product. The exact information shown will vary from provider to provider, but typical information includes data provenance, relevant copyright information, accuracy, etc.Figure 2: Product/dataset detailsII.3 Selecting a different dataset and variableClicking on the dropdown list titled “Dataset" will reveal the available datasets to view in the current product:Figure 3: Dataset selectionClicking the button titled “Variable" will bring up a list of available variables to plot. Clicking a variable name will plot it in the main window:Figure 4: Variable selectionII.4 Selecting time and depthIf a variable has a time or a depth axis associated with it, the Time and Depth/Elevation selectors will become available. These are simple drop-down lists. Note that the date and time are selected separately and the available times may depend on the selected date.Figure 5: Time and Depth selectionIII ADVANCED DATA VIEWINGIII.1 Changing the data styleIII.1.1 Changing the colour paletteTo change the colour palette used to plot the data, click (only one click) on the main colour bar. This will bring up a dialog box which allows further refinement of the palette settings. This is shown in figure, below:Figure 6: Colour paletteA colour palette can be chosen by simply clicking on the desired colour bar.However, it should be noted that if a different number of colour bands is required, this should be chosen prior to selection of the palette.Click the close button to cancel palette selection.Figure 7: Number of bands for colour paletteThe data layer can be represented by boxfill or contour way. Boxfill option selected will show all the color of the graph cells. “C ontour” option shows the color lines level.Figure 8: Boxfill featureThe opacity of the data layer can be changed by using the opacity selection box and choosing the desired option. Note that changing the opacity does not require communication with the data server and so this is a near-instantaneous operation.Figure 9: Opacity of LayerIII.1.2 Changing the scaleTo adjust the upper and lower limits of the scale, new values can be entered into the scale limits boxes. Once entered, a new value can be accepted by either pressing the return key, or by clicking outside the box.Figure 10: Colour palette - scale selectionFigure 11: Colour palette - scale adjustmentThe scale limits can also be automatically adjusted by clicking the auto-palette button.Figure 12: Colour palette – auto adjust scaleThe scaling can be set to linear (default) or logarithmic scaling by selecting the appropriate option from the drop-down box. Note that logarithmic scaling cannot be selected if either of the scale limits ≤ 0.Figure 13: Colour palette - scale type selectionBy clicking the lock scale button, the scale will become locked. This means that if you change to a different variable, the same scale will be used. This will also disable the scale entry boxes, the auto-scale button, and the linear/logarithmic selector. Click again to unlock.Figure 14: Colour palette - scale lockIII.2 Exploring the data furtherIII.2.1 Moving around the mapTo move around the map there are several options. The movement and zoom buttons on the navigational panel can be clicked to move. If the hand tool is selected (it is selected by default and this is indicated by an orange background) clicking the mouse and dragging will move around the map, and adjusting the scroll wheel will zoom in and out. Additionally, if the shift key is held down, a rectangle can be drawn on the screen by clicking and dragging. This will cause the map to zoom to the specified rectangle. Note that the map has a number of preset zoom levels, and so may not zoom to precisely fit the drawn rectangle.Figure 15: Exploring the map (move, zoom...)III.2.2 Getting detailed information about a pointWith the hand tool selected, clicking on a data field will bring up further information about the data. This will include the precise location of the click, and where this corresponds to in the data (i.e. the nearest point with data), and of course the value of the field at that point. If appropriate this will also include links to time series or vertical profile plots. Clicking these links will allow the user to view a plot. In the case of a time series plot, the user will first be prompted to enter a time range. By default thisrange will cover the entire span of the data.Figure 16: Detailed informationsIII.2.3 Plotting a transectTo plot a transect of the data field currently being viewed, first select the transect tool. By clicking points on the map, a transect line can be drawn. To end the line, double-click the final point. This will cause a transect plot to be displayed over the map.Figure 17: Plotting TransectIII.2.4 Changing the background map and the projectionThe backgrou nd layer selection menu can be accessed by clicking the “+" button. This allows the user to select a different background map. By selecting a background map with a different projection (e.g. North Polar Stereographic), all data will be reprojected and plotted.Figure 18: Select background map and projectionIII.2.5 Animating your dataBy clicking the animation button, a dialog box will appear allowing the user to specify the time range, number of frames, and frame rate for an animation. It should be noted that the selected palette and scale range will be used for each frame of the animation, so please ensure that the range is wide enough to plot all data within the time period. Animation generation can be very slow, and the speed will depend on both the amount of data needed, and the speed of the server which hosts the data.Figure 19: AnimationsIII.3 Sharing your dataBelow the map there are several links which will facilitate the sharing of data. “O pen in Google Earth" downloads a KML file which can be downloaded and used to view the data in Google Earth. KML is a standard format which can be shared with users of Google Earth. The “Permalink" provide s a hyperlink which can be used to return to the current state of the data (i.e. dataset, variable, palette, zoom, etc.). This hyperlink is located in the URL Bar.The “Export to PNG" link provide s a downloadable PNG image with a plot of the data. This image contains the plot alongside all the pertinent information about it in a compact layout which can be included in publications (this is subject to any copyright restrictions on the data). To save the map on your hard drive, all you have to do is a right click and then select “Save picture as…” from the contextual menu.Figure 20: Share plotsEnd of document。

深海原位激光多普勒测速系统*孙静静 张磊 甄胜来 曹志刚 张国生 俞本立†(安徽大学物理与材料科学学院, 信息材料与智能感知安徽省实验室, 光电信息获取与控制教育部重点实验室, 合肥　230601)(2021 年2 月25日收到; 2021 年6 月13日收到修改稿)

研发了一套适合深海原位测量的4000 m级激光多普勒热液流速测量样机, 该系统采用一体化整体集成式设计, 系统由光源模块、光学模块和多普勒信号处理模块三部分组成, 封装于L 500 mm × F 205 mm的耐压舱中形成一体化光学测量探头. 提出了强本振型双光束激光多普勒测速光路, 原理样机在实验室对模拟速度进行测量, 测量范围0.01—10 m/s, 流速测量分辨率为0.001 m/s, 实验结果初步证明激光多普勒测速系统的可行性. 之后系统在青岛深海基地进行了耐压试验, 系统在40 MPa高压下, 获取信号正常. 在中国水利水电科学研究院进行了速度对比测量, 在0.01—0.2 m/s的低速段, 与声学多普勒流速仪进行对比, 最大测量相对误差为–9.43%. 在0.8—9.6 m/s的高速段, 与喷咀标准流速系统进行对比, 最大相对测量误差为–1.65%.样机系统在海南陵水进行了浅海试验, 测试了样机系统随吊车下放到50 m水深的下降速度和在水深2 m处随船的拖拽速度, 试验证明, 样机系统在浅海环境中工作正常, 获取速度信号正常.

关键词：激光多普勒流速仪, 深海原位探测, 热液PACS：42.79.Qx, 95.75.Kk, 06.30.Gv, 42.62.–b　DOI: 10.7498/aps.70.20210367

1 引　言20世纪80年代相继在海底发现热液、冷泉渗漏以来, 随着研究的深入, 人们逐渐认识到海底冷泉及热液系统连通了大洋岩石圈、海洋水圈以及底栖生物圈, 是深海物质与能量的运输通道. 目前,世界各国围绕海底矿产资源勘探和开发的竞争愈发激烈, 海底热液通过独特的烟囱状喷口, 源源不断的将岩浆与高温热液喷发至海水中, 是地球热通量和化学元素循环的重要影响因素. 其定量计算依赖于对热液系统多个物理参数的准确测定, 如热液区的规模、热液流体的密度、定压比热容、热液流体的温度、热液流体的流速等[1].