江苏省启东中学2019-2020学年高二上学期英语:期末复习语法非谓语动名词.doc高二英语:非谓语动词动名词( doing/being done, having done/having been done)(一 )动名词的用法:1.主语Seeing is believing.Walking is a good form of exercise.It ’ s no use ( good ) arguing with him ./ There is no use (good) arguing with him.注意:doing 与 to do 都可作主语, doing 作主语表示一般或抽象的多次性的行为或强调概念;to do 作主语表示具体的或一次性的动作。
Playing with fire is dangerous.2.表语:Her job is teaching.3.宾语:记住哪些动词后面须用doing 作宾语:finish, enjoy, mind, feel like, keep, practice , miss, suggest, can’ t help, imagine, mention, for excuse, dislike, put off, avoid, admit, appreciate , give up, allow, permit, forbid, advise, escape , include, can’ t stand, catch sb. (doing),等;注意:(1)某些动词后既可用 to do 也可用 doing 作宾语,但意思不同,如:forget, remember, regret,try, go on, stop, mean;①-----You were brave enough to raise objections at the meeting.----Well, I regret ______( do) so now.②I regret ______ ( tell ) you that only half of you passed the exam.③-----Look, the light is still on.----Oh, I forgot ___________( turn) it off.④-----Have you returned the dictionary to him?-----Well, I remember ______(give) it back to him as soon as I saw him.⑤-----I ’ ve knocked at the front door twice, but it seems nobody is in.----Why not try ______(knock) a third time?⑥Missing this train means _______( wait) for another two hours.⑦ He was so tired th at he stopped ______(rest)(2) 在allow, permit, forbid, advise后接doing作宾语,接to do 作宾补;We don ’ t allow smoking here.We don ’ t al low students to smoke here.(3)当 need, want, require 作“需要”解释 , deserve 值“得”,且主语与后面的动词有被动关系时,结构为: need / want / require doing ( to be done)The roof of the office building needs repairing / to be repaired.(4)be worth doing / be worthy of being done ( be worthy to be done)His method is well worth trying.=His method is worthy of being tried ( is worthy to be tried).在动词短语devote to, look forward to, stick to, be used to, be busy , object to, have difficulty(trouble) , have a wonderful time , have a hard time, feel like, get down to, there ’ s no u there ’ s no sense (point).., there ’ s no doing.., it ’ s/there等后面用’doing;snouse(good) ..start / begin 后面可接to do 也可接doing,但在下列情况下接to do:A: 主语是表示物的名词时:It started to snow suddenly.B:当 start 与 begin 以进行时出现时:He is beginning to cook dinner.C:当后面作宾语的动词为感情、思想、意念时:I began to understand what he meant.4.作定语:(表示所修饰名词的特点、用途及性质)a reading room ( a room for reading), a sleeping car, a walking stick, waiting room, running shoes,flying suit(二 )动名词的复合结构:( 1)否定结构:not doing( 2)执行者 +doing●形容词性物主代词(his)或人称代词宾格(him)+doing●名词所有格(Mary ’或s)普通格 ( Mary)+doing这两个复合结构在句中充当宾语:She didn’ t mind him / his / Jack / Jackrying and went’ onscdoing the washing.★如复合结构在句中充当主语,则用形容词性物主代词或名词的所有格+doing:His coming to my birthday party made me happy.Mary’ s crying loudly made him angry.His not being allowed to visit his sick mother made him unhappy.但如动名词的复合结构作宾语,且其执行者(逻辑主语)为无生命的名词或不定代词(something, somebody 等)时,用名词的普通格:Is there any hope of our team winning the game?He insists on the plan being carried out at once.(三 )动名词的时态及语态:时态: doing / having done语态: being done / having been doneNobody likes ____________(laugh) at in public places.He regretted _____________(accept) her gift.He was afraid of _________ ( leave) alone at home.巩固练习:1. I wouldn ’ t advise ________ there by bus, because it is too crowded.A. and goB. to goC. to goingD. going2. I would appreciate _______ back this afternoon.A. you to callB. you callC. your callingD. you ’ re calling3. The doctor recommended ________ hard work for the first few weeks.A. to avoidB. to avoidingC. being avoidedD. avoiding4. With modern traffic control facilities speeders can ’ t expect to escape ____ detected and fined.A. to beB. beingC. to have beenD. having been5. I really ca n ’ t risk the children _________ these awful programs.A. to seeB. having seenC. to seeingD. seeing6. It ’ s strange that she didn ’ t mention ________ him at the party.A. to meetB. to meetingC. meetingD. met7. My younger sister suggested _____the Summer Palace first.A. me to visitB. mine visitingC. I visitingD. my visiting8. While shopping, people sometimes can ’ t help __into buying something they don ’ t really neA. to persuadeB. persuadingC. being persuadedD. be persuaded9. I forget _________ them _________ in the school garden.A. allowing; playingB. about allowing; playingC. allowing; to playD. to allow; playing10. Who could have imagined such a sweet-tempered girl as Alice _______ such a thing!A. doingB. to doC. will doD. does11. According to recent U.S. survey, children spend up to 25 hours a week _____ TV.A. to watchB. to watchingC. watchingD. watch12. Victor apologized for _____ to inform me of the change in the plan.A. his being not ableB. him not to be ableC. his not being ableD. him to be not able13. The man insisted ______ a taxi for me even though I told him I lived nearby.A. findB. to findC. on findingD. in finding14. The discovery of the new evidence led to _____.A. the thief having caughtB. catch the thiefC. the thief being caughtD. the thief to be caught15. ______ the meeting himself gave them a great deal of encouragement.A. the president will attendB. the president attendingC. the president attendedD. the president ’ s attending16.______ to sunlight for too much time will do harm to one ’ s skin.A. ExposedB. Having exposedC. Being exposedD. After being exposed17. A proper approach to_____ your learning efficiency is of great importance to every student.A. improvingB. improveC. be improvingD. having improved18. Tony was very unhappy for ____ to the party.A. having not been invitedB. not having invitedC. having not invitedD. not having been invited19. ---What do you think made Mary so upset? ---____ her new bicycle.A. As she lostB. LostC. LosingD. Because of losing20. What worried the child most was ______ to visit his mother in the hospital.A. his not allowingB. his not being allowedC. his being not allowedD. having not been allowed21. ---I usually go there by train. ---Why not ______ by boat for a change?A. to try goingB. trying to goC. to try and goD. try going22. These chickens require _____ carefullyA. to look afterB. looking afterC. looked afterD. being looked after23. We set about ____ and succeeded ____ out task in time.A. to work, to finishB. working, in finishingC. to work, finishingD. working, to finishing24. Mr. Reed made up his mind to devote all he had to _____ some schools for the poor children.A. set upB. setting upC. have set upD. having set up25.---How do you deal with the disagreement between the company and the customers?---The key _____ the problem is to meet the demand ______ by the customers.A. to solving, makingB. to solving , madeC. to solve, makingD. to solve, made26.You can never imagine what great trouble I have had _____the patient who received a serious wound.A. to treatB. treatedC. treatD. treating27. I urged him ________ because the road was dangerous.A. carefulB. to be carefulC. being carefulD. carefully28. I recommend you _______ this dictionary.A. buyingB. to buyC. of buyingD. to buying29. An old man entered the inn and asked for accommodation _______ for him.A. to be madeB. should be madeC. being madeD. should have been made30. I really can ’ t understand ____ her like that.A. you treatB. you to treatC. why treatD. you treating31. How many wounded soldiers are left outside _____?A. to be operatingB. to be operated onC. being operatedD. have operated on32. You don ’ t have to spe nd a lot _____, you just need plenty of styles.A. to be fashionableB. only to be fashionableC. being fashionableD. as to be fashionable33. We entered the supermarket ________ a shelter from a sudden rain.A. to be findingB. to be foundC. just to findD. only to find34. He made a long speech _________ his ignorance of the subject.A. only to showB. only showingC. showing onlyD. to show only35. Helen is always the first ________ to the office.A. comesB. comingC. to comeD. who came36.These candles may be attractive_____, but they were not made to our current safety standard.A. to be looked atB. being looked atC. to look atD. to looked at them37. If anyone happens to drop in while I am out, ________ him or her leave a message.A. getB. haveC. askD. tell38. In fact, I would rather leave for Beijing than _______ in Shanghai.A. stayB. stayingC. to stayD. having staying39. William Shakespeare is generally believed _________ all those plays himself.A. to writeB. writingC. to have writtenD. having written40. The oranges are treated with wax and the stored in large boxes before _______.A. having shippedB. to be shippedC. being shippedD. shipping41.It’ s necessary to be prepared for a job interview; _____the answers ready llwibe of great help.A. To have hadB. Having hadC. HaveD. Having42. ---What has made him upset recently? ---_____alone to face a troublesome milk case.A. LeftB. Being leftC. Having leftD. To leave43.Though a typhoon is on the way, people are still looking forward ______the outdoor concert by the pop singers.A. to cancelingB. not to cancelingC. not to cancelD. to not canceling44 .Thank you very much for the trouble you have taken _______me with my English.45.After he became conscious, he remembered _______and ______on the head with a rod.A. to attack; hitB. to be attacked ;to be hitC. attacking; be hitD. having been attacked; hit46.Many children have formed the habit of reading but ______efficient notes meanwhile.A. not takeB. not to takeC. not to takingD. not taking47.A new type of organism discovered in an Arctic tunnel came to life in the lab after _______for 32,000 years.A. freezingB. frozenC. being frozenD. having frozen48. Having done his Chinese exercises, he went on _____a letter _____Russian.A. to write, withB. with, withC. writing, inD. to write , in49. We should keep on _____ English every day to improve our spoken English.A. to practice to speakB. to practice speakingC. practice to speakD. practicing speaking50. Did ____on time make the teacher angry?A. she not comeB. she not to comeC. not her comingD. her not coming51.While shopping, people sometimes can ’helpt____into buying something they don ’reallyt need.A. to persuadeB. persuadingC. being persuadedD. be persuaded52. ----Your shirts want______, Mary. ---- Yes, it does. I ’ m going to have it _____this afternoon.A. to wash , washingB. to wash, washedC. washing, washedD. washing, wash53. ----Are you used to ____up early now ? ----Yes, I am. ButI used to _____ up late.A. getting, gettingB. get, getC. get, gettingD. getting, get54. They were lucky enough to escape ______ in the prison.A. treating badlyB. being badly treatedC. to be treated badlyD. to have been badly treated55. _____the meeting himself gave him a great deal of encouragement.A. The mayor will attendB. The mayor to attendC. The mayor attendingD. The mayor ’ s attending56. The noise of ________could be heard out in the street.A. desks opened and closedB. desks to be opened and closedC. desks being opened and closedD. desks ’ being opened and closed57.--- Dad, do you consider it any good _______ the computer again?--- Yeah, it won ’ t cost much.A. to repairB. repairingC. repairedD. being repaired58._____your own needs and styles of communication is as important as learning to conveyyour affection and emotions.A. UnderstandingB. To be understoodC. Being understoodD. having understood59.When it comes to ___in public, no one can match him.A. speakB. speakingC. being spokenD. be spoken60. The film star wears sunglasses. Therefore, he can go shopping without _______.A. recognizingB. being recognizedC. having recognizedD. having been recognized答案:1-10 11-20 21-30 DCDBDCCCCDDBBBBCDCCACADCBDBBAD31-40BACAC CBACC 41-50DBDBD DCDDD 51-60CCDBD CBABB。