2019年上海黄浦区高三一模语文试卷一、积累应用 10分1.按要求填空。
（5分）(1)执手相看泪眼，_________________________。
（柳永《__________》）(2)___________________，师不必贤于弟子。
(韩愈《师说》)(3)杜甫在《月夜》中,“_____________,________________”两句描写了妻子独自看月的形象。
2.按要求选择。
(5分)(1)下列选项中，名句使用不恰当．．．的一项是( )。
(2分)A.小李怕失败，做事怕尝试，朋友劝说万事开头难，要懂“靡不有初，鲜克有终”的道理。
B.国家存亡关头，大家终于本着“兄弟阋于墙，外御其侮”的精神，捐弃前嫌，携起手来。
C.对待批评的态度，我们应该是“言者无罪,闻者足戒”，提意见也许能够对大家有帮助。
D.不要只羡慕人家成绩好,“与其临渊羡鱼,不如退而结网”，自己也应该要实践并努力。
(2)以下选项中推理的有效性和例句一致．．的一项是( )。
(3分)例句:人不应该成为“利”的奴隶,重利会成为“利”的奴隶,所以人不应该重利。
A.团员都是青年，中学生都是青年,所以,中学生都是团员。
B.所有的狗都是动物，没有猫是狗的,所以，没有猫是动物。
C.班长应当起模范作用,我不是班长,所以,我不应该起模范作用。
D.没有英雄是胆小鬼,有的士兵是胆小鬼,所以,有的士兵不是英雄。
二、阅读70分（一）阅读下文，完成3--7题（16分）假如你是一头大象①如果你一觉醒来，发现自己变成了一头大象，那会是什么情景？②首先，你会发现自己的脸上多出了一只甩来甩去的、仅有两根指头的手。
这条手又肿又难看，却能推倒一堵墙或捡起一颗樱桃。
你也可以用这只手“闻”到数英里外的水源和脚下的野花。
这只手还可以带给你五种讯息：。
③你脚下踩着的土地已经被污染所侵袭。
随着卡车和出租车驶过，地面嗡嗡地震动着。
这种震动轻搔着你脚上环层的触觉小体，让你不由得抬起脚来。
黄浦区2021学年度第一学期高三年级期终调研测试语文试卷（满分150分，考试时间150分钟）一积累应用 10分1.按要求填空。
（5分）（1）人生如梦，_____________________。
（苏轼《念奴娇·_________》）（2）西当太白有鸟道，_________________。
（李白《蜀道难》）（3）_________________，愿乞终养。
（李密《陈情表》）（4）“兰亭雅集”是在“农历三月三日”为了“_________________”而举行的一次文人聚会。
（王羲之《兰亭集序》）2.按要求选择。
（5分）（1）下列是某校高一新生在9月开学典礼上的发言片段，请选出画线句表达得体的一项是（）。
（2分）尊敬的各位领导、老师、亲爱的同学们：大家好！阳和启蛰，欣欣向荣。
（甲）我是高一新生代表，很荣幸今天能在这里发言。
本来呢，我打算写点老生常谈。
（乙）然而当我踏入学校的大门，优美的校园环境，先进的教学设施，高水平的师资队伍，使我感到自己无比幸运。
（丙）同学们，奋斗的号角已经吹响，明天将从这里起步，向上的道路必然充满荆棘，但我相信风华正茂的你们定能乘风破浪，直济沧海。
（丁）A.甲B.乙C.丙D.丁（2）将下列编号的语句依次填入语段空白处，语意连贯的一项是（）。
（3分）山石竹木和水波烟云没有常形，也就是说，________。
________。
________。
________。
每一种事物都有一个“理”，这是事物应有之道。
因此当画家文同被认为掌握了竹石枯木的“理”时，这意味着他能够在所有方面令人信服地呈现这些事物。
最终，文同所得之“理”将他与竹子融贯为一，就创造出了优秀之作。
（卜寿珊《心画》）①在绘画形式中，“理”是一种让人信服的正确观念②艺术家必须要感知它们的存在方式，知道是什么构成了山石竹木和水波烟云③掌握这个理，艺术家的创作就能得心应手，并符合人们的期望④它们的形态不是一种定势，会在不同时期产生变化。
黄浦区2018学年度第一学期高三年级期终调研测试语文试卷2019年］月（完卷时间：150分钟总分：150分）考生注意：1.本考试设试卷和答题纸两部分，试卷包括试题与答题要求，所有答题必须涂（选择题）或写（非选择题）在答题纸上，做在试卷上一律不得分。
2.答卷前，务必用钢笔或圆珠笔在答题纸正面清楚地填写姓名、准考证号。
3.答题纸与试卷在试题编号上是一一对应的，答题时应特别注意，不能错位。
4.完卷时间150分钟；试卷总分150分。
一积累应用10分1.按要求填空。
（5分）（1）执手相看泪眼，o（柳永《》）（2），师不必贤于弟子。
（韩愈《师说》）（3）杜甫在《月夜》中，",”两句描写了妻子独自看月的形象。
2.按要求选择。
（5分）（1）下列选项中，名句使用不愣当的一项是（）。
（2分）A.小李怕失败，做事怕尝试，朋友劝说万事开头难，要懂“靡不有初，鲜克有终”的道理。
B.国家存亡关头，大家终于本着“兄弟阅于墙，外御其侮”的精神，捐弃前嫌，携起手来。
C.对待批评的态度，我们应该是“言者无罪，闻者足戒”，提意见也许能够对大家有帮助。
D.不要只羡慕人家成绩好，“与其临渊羡鱼，不如退而结网”，自己也应该要实践并努力。
（2）以下选项中推理的有效性和例句丁致的一项是（）。
（3分）例句：人不应该成为“利”的奴隶，重利会成为“利”的奴隶，所以人不应该重利。
A.团员都是青年，中学生都是青年，所以，中学生都是团员。
B.所有的狗都是动物，没有猫是狗的，所以，没有猫是动物。
C.班长应当起模范作用，我不是班长，所以，我不应该起模范作用。
D.没有英雄是胆小鬼，有的士兵是胆小鬼，所以，有的士兵不是英雄。
二阅读70分（一）阅读下文，完成3-7题（16分）假如你是一头大象①如果你一觉醒来，发现自己变成了一头大象，那会是什么情景？②首先，你会发现自己的脸上多出了一只甩来甩去的、仅有两根指头的手。
这条手又肿又难看，却能推倒一堵墙或捡起一颗樱桃。
上海黄浦区2021-2022学年第一学期高三年级期终调研测试英语试卷第I卷（共100分）I. Listening Comprehension（略）Ⅱ. Grammar and V ocabularySection ADirections: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.Do Animals Dream?You can't see your sleeping pet's brain waves, but its behavior can tell you when Fido or Fluffy might be dreaming. If you watch closely, you'll see that as she falls asleep, her breathing becomes slow and regular and her body still. She has entered the first stage of sleep, (21) ________ slow - wave sleep. After about 15 minutes you'll notice a change (22) ________ her eyes move under her closed lids, Fluffy has entered the REM(Rapid Eye Movement),or dreaming, stage of sleep. Although she moves and makes little grunting noises, messages from her brain to the large muscles in her legs (23) ________ (block), so she can't run about.Back in 1963, Michel Jouvet, a French scientist who was studying sleep in cats, (24) ________ (interrupt) their sleep paralysis, the state of being unable to act or function properly. (25) ________________ they were completely asleep, the dreaming cats began to chase balls that Jouvet couldn't see and bent their backs in invisible enemies. He figured he was watching them act out their dreams!What were they dreaming about? Mostly, the dreaming cats seemed (26) ________ (practise) important cat skills: stalking, pouncing, and fighting.In (27) ________ study, Matt Wilson, a neuroscientist, recorded rats’ brain waves while they learned mazes (迷宫). One day, he left the brain - wave - recording machine on while the rats fell asleep. The pattern of brain waves in the sleeping rats matched the pattern from the maze so closely that Wilson could locate exactly which part of the maze each rat was dreaming about!Many researchers now think that in both people and animals, one purpose of dreams is topractise important skills and nail down recent learning. This may explain why so many people dream about fighting and escaping, skills (28) ________ were probably vitally important to our ancestors, and why dreaming affects our ability to learn.Do all animals dream? From looking at the brain waves of sleeping animals, scientists think that all mammals dream, such as humans,dogs,lions,and whales, but fish (29) ________ not. (They're not sure about birds.)How often animals dream seems to be tied to body size. Cats dream about every 15 minutes, mice every 9 minutes, and elephants every 2 hours. And though cows and horses usually sleep standing up, they only dream when (30) ________ (lie) down.Section BDirections: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.Why Doubt Is Essential To ScienceThe confidence people place in science is frequently based not on what it really is, but on what people would like it to be. When I asked students at the beginning of the year how they would define science, many of them replied that it is a(n) 31 way of discovering certainties about the world. But science cannot provide certainties For example, a majority of Americans trust science as long as it does not challenge their 32 beliefs. To the question “When science disagrees with the teachings of your religion, which one do you believe?” 58 percent of North Americans favor religion; 33 percent science; and 6 percent say “it depends.”But doubt in science is a feature, not a bug. Indeed, science, when properly 33 , questions accepted facts and leads to both new knowledge and new questions—not certainty. Doubt does not 34 trust, nor does it help public understanding. So why should people trust a process that seems to require a troublesome state of uncertainty without always providing solid solutions?As a historian of science, I would argue that it's the responsibility of scientists and historians of science to show that the real power of science lies precisely in what is often 35 as itsweakness: its drive to question and challenge a possible explanation. Indeed, the scientific approach requires changing our understanding of the natural world whenever new 36 emerges from either experimentation or observation. Scientific findings are hypotheses that contain the state of knowledge at a given moment. In the long run, many of are challenged and even overturned, Doubt might be troubling, but it stimulates us towards a better understanding; certainties, as 37 as they may seem, in fact block the scientific process.Scientists understand this, but in the 38 fore between the public and science, there are two significant traps. One is a form of blind 39 —that is, a belief in the capacity of science to solve all problems. And the other is a form of relativism borne out of alack of 40 in the very existence of truth.Ⅲ. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.This ern of “Industry 4. 0” is being driven by the same technological advances that enable the capabilities of the smartphones in our pockets. It is a mix of low -cost and high -power computers, high -speed communication and artificial intelligence. This will produce smarter robots with better sensing and communication abilities that can 41 different tasks, and even adjust their work to meet demand without the input of humans.In the manufacturing industry, where robots have arguably made the most headway of any division, this will mean a(n) 42 shift from centralized to decentralized cooperative production. 43 robots focused on single, fixed. high-speed operations and required a highly skilled human workforce to operate and maintain them. Industry 4. 0 machines are flexible, cooperative and can operate more independently which 44 removes the need for a highly skilled workforce.For large - scale manufacturers, Industry 4.0 means their robots will be able to sense their environment and communicate in an industrial network that can be run and 45 remotely. Each machine will produce large amounts of data that can be 46 studied using what is known as “big data” analysis. This will help 47 ways to improve operating performance and production quality across the whole plat, for example by better predicting when repairing isneeded and automatically 48 it.For 49 manufacturing businesses, Industry 4. 0 will make it cheaper and easier to use robots. It will create machines that can be rearranged to perform 50 jobs and adjusted to work on a more diverse product range and different production volumes. This part is already beginning to benefit from robots designed to cooperate with human workers and analyse their own work to look for 51 .While these machines are getting smarter, they are still not as smart as us. Today's industrial artificial intelligence operates at a 52 level, which gives the appearance of human intelligence exhibited by machines, but designed by humans.What's coming next is known as “deep learning”. Similar to big data analysis, it involves processing large quantities of data in real time to 53 what is the best action to take, The 54 is that the machine learns from the data so it can improve its decision making. A perfect example of deep learning was 55 by Google's Alpha Go software, which taught itself to beat the world's greatest Go players.41. A. compare with B. adapt to C. pick out D. hold on42. A. extensive B. accidental C. convenient D. dramatic43. A. Traditional B. Removable C. Fashionable D. Potential44. A. temporarily B. thoroughly C. eventually D. initially45. A. arranged B. evaluated C. monitored D. composed46. A. gradually B. collectively C. similarly D. approximately47. A. identify B. reserve C. exploit D. indicate48. A. dominating B. imposing C. eliminating D. scheduling49. A. high - speed B. mass - produced C. small-to-medium D. multi-cultural50. A. multiple B. feasible C. profitable D. independent51. A. promotions B. improvements C. highlights D. resolutions52. A. separate B. peculiar C. narrow D. mysterious53. A. come up with B. account for C. give way to D. make decisions about54. A. difference B. commission C. phenomenon D. expectation55. A. introduced B. described C. prepared D. demonstratedSection BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have read.(A)For thousands of years, the most important two buildings in any British village have been the church and the pub. In fact, until a place has a church and a pub,it is not really considered a community worthy of a name, Traditionally, the church and the pub are at the heart of any village or town, where the people gather together to socialize and exchange news. They are institutions at the heart of British society. After all, the word ‘pub’ is actually short for ‘public house’.As a result, British pubs are often old and well preserved. Many of them have become historic sites. that tourists visit. One of the most famous examples is the city of Nottingham called “The Old Trip to Jerusalem”, which dates back to the year AD 1189 and is probably the oldest pub in England. It was the same year in which kings Richard the first came into power, who led the First Crusade into the Holy Land, towards Jerusalem.Many British pubs have old names referring to governors, such as The King's Head or The Queen Victoria, but of course this doesn't mean they are only for kings and queens. Pubs have always welcome people from all classes and parts of society. On a cold night, the pub's landlord or landlady can always find a warm place for you by the fire. There is always honest and hearty food and plenty of drink available at an affordable price.That's how things used to be. but there are worrying signs that things are beginning to change. Economic downturns, governmental financial measures, and cultural changes are causing many pubs to go out of business. People do not have a lot of spare money to spend on beer. On top of that, in 2007 smoking was banned in all public indoor spaces, including pubs, which may also have affected the numbers of customers going to pubs since then.This decline is happening despite the fact that pubs are now allow by law to stay open after 1l pm. Previously, with 1l pm as closing time, customers would have to drink quite quickly, meaning they sometimes got more drunk than they would if allowed to drink slowly. The British habit of drinking is known as “binge drinking”, and it causes long - term health problems individuals and problems with violent crime for communities. The UK government is trying to find ways of discouraging binge drinking, and regularly spends money on television commercials to warnpeople of the problems of king too much.56. Which of the following can be inferred from the passage?A. British pubs are preserved well mainly to attract tourists from all of the worldB. British pubs are quite popular and accessible to people from all walks of lifeC. Most British pubs are going out of business because of economic and cultural bansD. Most British pubs have to shut down to adjust themselves to meet the smoking ban57. Why did the UK government allow pubs to stay open after l1 pm?A. To stimulate customers to spend more on drinksB. To help British pubs survive economic downturnsC. To encourage more sensible ways of drinking in pubsD. To get rid of violent crime in most part of Britain58. The term “binge drinking” in paragraph 5 would be most likely to describeA. drinking too much and too quicklyB. social problems related to British pubsC. a new long - term drinking approachD. problems caused by drinking too much59. What will most probably be covered in the paragraph that follows the last in the passage?A. Different methods to welcome new customers to pubsB. Various advertisements encouraging people to quit drinkingC. The campaigns and strategies to support the traditional pubsD Trends of migrating back from the modern wine bars to old ones(B)Express Yourself!- The Art of CartooningTime: Thursday, January 6, 18: 30Welcome to the first event in our new series, Express Yourself! We will explore many forms of personal self -expression and discuss Breaking Barriers:The NHL's TrallblnzerWillie O'ReeTime; Wednesday, January 12, 18: 30American Short Fiction:Writing Our Storles x The Yellow WallpaperTime: Tuesday, February 15, 18: 30Quick to read and easily shared, the short story is said to be the literature of our times. We invite you on a journey to get to know some of the best short stories in American literaturo.The Yellow Wallpaper, by American author Charlotte Perkins (Stetson) Gilman, was first published in 1892 but persists in American culture as a literary touchstone. While it is a horror story on its surface, a careful reading reveals deeper themes of gender equality and the importance of self - expression. And in this time of global situation, it reemerges as a study on the effects of isolation. Join American diplomat Peter Fasnacht to discuss these themes and their connections to American society. Please read the story ahead of the talk. You can find the story he’e* Online registration is capped at 40 for each event. RSVP : http: //* The discussion will be conducted in English.60. Which of the following is NOTTRIF about the first event?A. William Denham will share his artistic hobby with the participantsB. The participants will explore various forms of personal self - expressionC. Drawing or cartooning experience isn't a must for the participantsD. The participants will be provided with essential drawing tools.61. What can we infer from the coming series?A. The story of Willie O'Ree is neither inspiring nor entertaining.B. The Yellow Wallpaper tells a horrible story revealing global emergencyC. Those who haven't registered online are also welcome to the eventsD. Applicants had better have a good command of English.62. Which of the following is the most possible theme of the series introduced in the passage?A. Arts and literatureB. Books and filmsC. Entertainment and interactionD. Heroes and achievements(C)Ellen Weiss can hardly see David Schmitt can barely hear. Are they typical victims of aging's cruelest blows? Not rally Weiss is actually a fresh resident doctor in family practice, age 30, and Schmitt a medical student, 26. They have been assigned roles, ages and particular illnesses as an innovative part of their medical training.Introduced in only a few medical centers so far, such role playing is designed to expose doctors to the pains endured by the patients. It is just one of several techniques being tried at medical schools and hospitals in an attempt to deal with the most universal complaint about doctors: lack of sympathy. “Residents are usually young and healthy.” says Dr. Stephen Brunton. “They've not really had a chance to understand what patients go through.”Role - playing programs give them a crash course. At Hunterdon, students' faces are instantly aged with cornflour and make up. Next the disabilities are laid on: gloves cripple fingers, and peas inside shoes prevent walking. Then the ersatz invalids are asked to perform common tasks: purchasing medication at the drugstore, undressing for x rays, fling out a Medicare form and, most awkward, using the bathroom themselves.At Long Beach, new residents assume made-up illnesses and cheek into the hospital for an overnight stay, The staff treats them as they would any other patient, even sending them a bill. The entire entering class of medical students at the Uniformed Services University of the Heath Sciences are issued bedpans and told to use them. Some are even subjected to an indignity: spending most part of the first day of school as people with disabilities.Instant patients usually start out activated and joking. “But by the end of a few hours, most say, ‘I'm exhausted.’” observes nurse Linda Bryant at Hunterdon. Schmitt discovered that “a major accomplishment was doing up my collar.” And, to his surprise, “I wound up hating physicians who didn't realize how much medication would cost and how hard it was to go and pick it up.” Weiss also learnt; “I realized how little I talk to patients. I might ask them about chest pains but not ‘Can you get dressed, eat O. K, take your medicine?” Jeffroy Ortiz thought he was in for a quiet rest when he was sent to the intensive care unit, suffering from “chest pains.” Instead he spent a sleepless night: “People were coming in to do labs, the man in the next bed was groaning, and the heart monitor was bleeping, which was noisy and scary.”Any patient could have told him so, but many educators believe the direct experience of such miseries will leave an enduring sense of sympathy, Doctors have long defended taking a cool, dispassionate approach to patient care, arguing that it helps preserve objective judgment and protect against burnout. But critics disagree. “By concentrating on symptoms and lab data, we ignore a wealth of information that can affect patients' well - being.” observes Dr. Simon Auster at the Uniformed Services medical school.63. According to the passage, the role - playing programme is designed ___________.A. as an innovative part in the local communityB. as part of the play the residents have to watchC. to help doctors understand the pains endured by the patientsD. to expose students to school facilities in a vivid way64. What does the phrase “the ersatz invalids” in paragraph 3 refer to?A. Local patients who usually start out activated and jokingB. Students who make up their faces to look agedC. Doctors who perform common tasks that may not occur in real hospitalsD. Customers who purchase medications and undress for X rays with the help of students.65. The instant patients may feel most embarrassed when they ___________.A. fi11 in a Medicare tableB. are using the washroom on their ownC. are issued bedpans and told to try themD. meet with someone they know well66. What can be concluded according to the passage?A. Residents should always take a cool approach without sympathy to patient care in their jobB. Doctors ought to be completely independent from the symptoms and be previous lab dataC. Doctors may ignore information influencing the patients' health only by focusing on symptomsD. Experience in role - playing programs won't help the new doctors preserve objective judgment Section CDirections: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.Social Integration - Welcoming the NewcomersSocial integration is the process through which minority groups interact, come together or are incorporated within a community, Increased social integration helps reduce conflict and tension in society, and it can help the new migrants feel more connected to their new community. How do different groups remain relatively cohesive in society?A few countries around the world have adopted integrated frameworks for their economic, social, political and cultural policies with regard to accepting these migrants into the local society.67 . This is to allow them to achieve their full potential in life. There are still ongoing efforts to integrate different cultures and races, and the governments have encouraged their immigrants to take an active part in social, cultural, economic and political activities.Integration takes place in neighbourhoods. work places, schools and public places where people from diverse backgrounds spend most of their time. 68 Especially among the younger children, being in the same class as their foreign counterparts will teach the local children the meaning of tolerance and empathy. Participation in sports, community engagement and volunteer work are also other possible ways that eliminate discrimination and other forms of intolerance. From participating in arts programmes to being parent volunteers in schools, these platforms provide opportunities for people to interact and work towards a common cause. Sports programmes have also been used to encourage social integration. In fact, sport can strengthen social networks and promote non - violence and respect. In these ways, meaningful relationships among those of different ages, racial groups or faiths are built on the basis of common interests.69 still, countries have also acknowledged that human movement across borders cannot be stopped Instead, it should be better managed so that migration is safe, legal and beneficial for everyone. 70 Indeed, the government and local communities play a key role in integrating these newcomers and empowering them to contribute to their new communities, while maintaining their identities.Ⅳ. Summary Writing71. Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point (s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.Seniority in Promotion Is Not a Wise Business PracticeIt's not always an easy decision for companies when it comes to filling managerial spots. In the past promoting an employee has been popularly handled by means of basic analysis of the employees' past performance nod seniority, In some cases, the individual's performance has been considered more important while in others the amount of time they have been with the company has been the deciding factor. Nevertheless, seniority is a standard that has never been left out, However, in the contemporary business world, the importance of seniority in promotion is being destroyed as a growing number of companies look outside of their organizations when trying to fill top managerial spots.Unlike experienced employees who have been with the company for a long time, new people are mare likely generate creative ideas. In rapidly changing markets, innovative and creative talents are sought by many companies in order to adapt to the market. To meet their needs,companies have more to gain by selecting outside employees since they are more willing to try Dew techniques and less afraid of breaking tradition when introducing new ideas. Thus, rather than promoting existing employees, it might be a wiser management decision to bring in outside talent.An additional advantage to this new system is that it prevents employees from feeling that they only need to wait for their seniority to provide them with a promotion. Simply put no matter how long they have been with the company, employees have to contribute diligently to the organization if they want to move up the career ladder, As soon as people realize that the company could just as easily bring in a new person, employees will stop judging themselves against each other because they are no longer competing against their colleagues but everyone in the entire industry. As a result, they will begin to show more effort to bring the level of their work up to what they imagine is a much higher standard.第Ⅱ卷（共40分）V. TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.72. 必须采取有效措施以防止病毒扩散。
