英语修辞学教学大纲

Type Three: what
What sculpture is to a block of marble, education is to the soul. 教育之于心灵犹如雕刻之于大理石。 What salt is to food, wit and humor are to conversation and literature
这首诗是诗人借物抒情诗人感慨人间有些人妄自尊大浅薄自傲负心薄义但若直接说出便成了乏味的说教而用拟人的手法将花变成人让花儿自己现身说法十分巧妙地将诗人的心理感受转移到花儿身上
Figures of Speech
Figures Of Speech In English Stylisre of speech in which one thing is liken to another, in such a way as to clarify and enhance an image. It is an explicit comparison recognizable by the use of the word like or as. ( A Dictionary of Literary Terms)
Type Four: than
w A home without love is no more than a body without a soul. w He had no more idea of money than a cow
Type Five: and
w Love and cough can not be hid. 爱情像咳嗽一样是掩盖不了的。 w Truth and roses have thorns about them. w Kings and bears often worry their keepers. w A word and stone let go cannot be recalled. 说出去的话就像抛出去的石子，是收不 回的。

A professor tapped on his desk and shouted: “Gentlemen—order!” The entire class yelled: “Beer!”
For reading and better appreciation The language of English.
4. It can be beneficial for our thesis or even for further study . (a specific one or one in a specific work with examples) Comparison of the similar figures of speech Comparison of the same one in Chinese and English Comparison of the same one in different fields (literature-ad. Speaking-writing) One special figure of speech in a work and its functions
Some usages in life: your thesis
The Differences between Puns in Literature and Advertisements The Death Euphemism in The Dream of the Red Chamber
Some usages in life: humor or persuasion in communication
What we try to achieve:
2. We will compare figures of speech in Chinese and English and know how to translate them and related sentences into Chinese.

Metaphor
• It is like a simile, also makes a comparison between unlike elements, but unlike a simile, this comparison is implied rather than stated. • mark: be • Experience is the mother of wisdom • she is shedding crocodile tears • Mark my words, the first woman who fishes for him, hooks him. • The diamond department was the heart and center of the store. • 钻石部是商店的心脏和核心
Rhetorical Devices
English Figures of Speech
• how many figures of speech do you know? • identify the following sentences, using certain rhetorical devices. • 你像个神人 • 你是个神人 • 神人，神事啊！ • 你还真是个“神人”啊。 • 。。。。
Simile
• It is a figure of speech which makes a comparison Marriage is like a between two unlike• elements having at least one beleaguered fortress; quality or characteristic in common. to make the those who are without comparison, words like as, as...as, as if and like want to get in, and are used to transfer the quality we associate with those within want go one to the other. get out . • mark: like, as, seem, as if, similar to, such as • 婚姻象是一个被包围 • I wandered lonely as a cloud. 的 堡垒；外面的想 • He was like a cock who thought the sun had risen 要进去，里面的人想 to hear him crow. 要出来。

统编版选择性必修中册《修辞立其诚》公开课教案共3篇统编版选择性必修中册《修辞立其诚》公开课教案1一、教学目标1.了解修辞学的定义、分类、修辞技巧的特点及其运用方法。

2.掌握英语修辞技巧的运用，提高英语写作表达能力。

二、教学重点1.修辞学的定义、分类。

2.修辞技巧的特点及其运用方法。

三、教学难点修辞技巧的运用方法。

四、教学过程Step1 导入1、引进新课：本课是英语修辞学的一节课，本人也将讲述修辞学本身的定义、分类，重点讲述修辞技巧的特点及其运用方法。

2、导入话题：请同学们说说自己认为英语写作中哪些做法可以使文章更加精彩。

请同学们展开讨论。

（导入话题可以根据不同年级、不同课堂实施，可以加入同学们感兴趣的话题，请老师们灵活变通。

）Step2 新知介绍1、什么是修辞学（1）定义：修辞学是研究如何运用语言以达到特殊的表达效果、叙事技巧、辞藻华丽等目的的学问或技巧。

（2）分为两大类：词汇修辞和语法修辞。

2、修辞技巧分类（1）表情法：比喻、拟人、拟物、拟声、对偶、排比等。

（2）描述法：好比、象征、比照等。

（3）推理法：三段式、比夫斯基等。

3、修辞技巧特点及其运用方法（1）点明；（2）列举；（3）比较；（4）描述；（5）安置；（6）引用等。

Step3 练习请同学们结合自己的写作，选择一个修辞技巧，深入解析运用方法。

Step4 课堂感想分享1、针对本节课同学对于课上所讲修辞学内容的理解及反馈。

2、看看同学们在本次课程中是否实现了学习目标。

3、结合课程给出的习作体验，总结课堂收获和反思，尝试给出一些优化措施。

五、板书设计英语修辞学英语修辞技巧表情法描述法推理法比喻、拟人、拟物、拟声、对偶、排比好比、象征、比照三段式、比夫斯基等六、作业1、阅读必修中册《修辞立其诚》一文，并写下自己的读后感。

2、尝试使用一个或多个修辞技巧写一篇自由命题作文。

七、教学反思本堂课堂虽然涉及了一些新的词汇及概念，但由于提前对重难点梳理并设计详细教学过程，加之开个好头，整个课堂进行的还是比较顺利的。

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▪ 4. 英语被动句用得多，汉语主动句用得多。这更说明了英语 的“物称倾向”。
▪ An illustration is furnished by an editorial in the Washington Post (January 17, 1962).
▪ 《华盛顿邮报》（1962年1月17日）的一篇社论提供了一个 例子。
挨户去唱五朔节赞歌，祝福主人。在一些农村，每 年5月1日凌晨，青年们便奏着音乐、唱着赞歌，结 伴去树林砍树枝，待太阳出来后返回，将树枝插在
门窗上。
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▪ What is simile? E.g. ▪ The snow was like a white
blank drawn over the field. ▪ The structure: ▪ The signified, the simile
That is our policy and that is our declaration. ▪ 这就是我们的国策。这就是我们的宣言。
▪ If winter comes, can spring be far behind? ▪ 冬天来了，春天还会远吗？
▪ This is the reason why he is leaving so soon. ▪ 这就是他所以这么快就要离开的原因。
▪ To find out the common ways people know the world and ways people express themselves.
▪ To appreciate the beauty, explicit or not, of the language.

semantic, logic)
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II. Reference Books
4. Assessment: Exam
Total grades = 30% of Regular Grades + 70%oegular Grades consists of 15% of class attendance and 15% of
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Syracuse
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III. What is rhetoric?
3.2 rhetoric and oratory
Rhētorikē—rhētōr:
as a verb: to speak as a noun: orator
Oratory had been practiced long before the ancient rhetoricians developed a theory and a vocabulary for rhetoric.
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• 《苏格拉底之死》1787 纽约大都会博物馆 • 法国新古典主义画家：雅克•路易• 大卫（Jacques Louis David)
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Positive connotations
• Historically, “rhetoric” had positive connotations, suggesting a commendable skill with words. Today rhetoric, as it was in history, is something that people have to resort to. • Rhetoric is generally understood as a tool or a method. Its content is more concerned with the Hows of what people are talking about than the Whats of what people are talking about. • As a tool, rhetoric is inherently neither good or bad. A deceitful person will use it to deceive and an ethical person will use it to make truth and justice prevail.

平行（Parallelism)
Syllepsis
Syllepsis是指用一个词（如动词、形容词、介词等）同时与两个或更多的词相搭配，在越一个词搭配时用一种词义，而在与另一个词搭配时则用另一种词义,这种搭配在句法规则和语义上都是正确的，并产生不同的字面意义和比喻意义。
He lost the game and his temper. 他输了这一局，大发脾气。
半谐音也可称“无韵”，是指一组词、一句话或一行诗中同一元音重复出现，它具有音乐的节奏感，可增强语言的表现力。例如：
It’s fair and square affair from the beginning to the end. 这件事自始至终都是光明正大的。
All roads lead to Rome. 条条大路通罗马。
Pun
双关（pun） 就是用发音相似的词来表达特殊意义的修辞手法，它非常能够体现使用者的睿智机敏、幽默俏皮，造成印象隽永的效果。它的使用场合亦庄亦谐，既常见于故事、笑话、谜语、儿歌等，又可用于正式场合，表达严肃的思想和深邃的感情。 — Why is an empty parse always the same? — Because there is never any change in it.(change既表示“零钱”，又表示“变化”。“空钱包”里边没“零钱”当然就永远瘪着，毫无“变化”了。)
2。主体和喻体一般指两个不同的事物。
本体和喻体通常一个抽象一个具体，一个熟悉一个陌生
Simile(明喻)
希腊语Metapherein (transfer )转换
无需借助比喻词，直接将甲事物当作乙事物来描写。也称隐喻，是依据比喻和被比喻两种不同事物的相似或相关关系而构成的修辞格。 例如：

Division of Rhetoric
Communicative Rhetoric 交际修辞 (Negative Rhetoric 消极修辞) -- To add to people’s knowledge; accurate, plain; Aesthetic Rhetoric 美学修辞 (Positive Rhetoric 积极修辞) -- To get people affected, or moved; vivid, brilliant, colorful.
The three uses of similes:
Descriptive描述型明喻; Illuminative启示型明喻 ; Illustrative说明型明喻;
;
Descriptive 描述型
Her lips were red, her locks 头发were yellow as gold. Pop looked so unhappy, almost like a child who’s lost his piece of candy. The big black flies hit us like bombs.
What is Rhetoric?
Why Do We Learn Rhetoric?
ቤተ መጻሕፍቲ ባይዱ
To understand the author’s intention better. To find out the common ways people know the world and ways people express themselves. To appreciate the beauty, explicit or not, of the language. To learn how to achieve an effective communication.

移就/转喻
词语修辞格： Semantic Figures of Speech
Synaesthesia 通感 hyperbole/overstatement understatement 低调陈述 Irony 反语 Oxymoron 矛盾修饰法 Paradox 隽语 Euphemism 委婉语 pun 双关
Category 1
交际修辞（Communicative Rhetoric）： 无论说话或写作，把思想感情表达得明白、 通顺，要求在选词择句时，语意明确、文理 通顺、结构妥贴、语言平易好懂，这样才能 正确地说明客观事物，表达主观意愿，完成 交际任务。 美学修辞（Aesthetic Rhetoric）：要求语 言表现得生动、形象，富于说服力和感染力， 最大限度地发挥语言的表达功能，给人以美 的享受。
Parallelism/parallel structure Repetition 反复 Antithesis 对照/对偶 层进 Climax Anti-climax 突降 Ellipsis 省略 Inversion / anastrophe 倒装
排比
Category 2
Passive rhetoric: How to choose the proper words and sentences to express the ideas, and make the language: accuracy, euphonic, and coherent. Active rhetoric: How to apply the figures of speech properly so as to make the content more exact, vivid and lively. It mainly concerns the usage of the figures of speech.

英语教学大纲-范本模板1. 引言本英语教学大纲旨在指导教师在教学过程中的设置和评估。

大纲提供了教学目标、内容、方法和评价的详细说明，帮助教师有效地组织课程并促进学生的研究。

本文档为英语教学大纲的范本模板，教师可以根据自己的教学需求进行个性化调整。

2. 教学目标本课程旨在培养学生的英语听说读写能力，包括语音、词汇、语法和交际技能等方面。

教学目标包括但不限于：- 提高学生的英语听力理解能力- 培养学生的口语表达和对话能力- 扩大学生的英语词汇量并熟练运用词汇- 加强学生的语法和语言结构掌握- 培养学生的阅读和写作能力- 培养学生的跨文化交际技能3. 教学内容本课程的教学内容涵盖以下方面：- 基础英语单词和词组- 基本句型和语法结构- 听力和口语训练- 阅读和写作练- 跨文化交际实践教师可以根据学生的实际情况进行内容的调整和增删。

4. 教学方法为了达到教学目标，教师可以采用以下教学方法：- 情境教学法：通过创设真实的语境，让学生在实际交际中研究和运用英语。

- 合作研究法：鼓励学生之间的合作与互动，促进语言能力的提高。

- 多媒体教学法：利用多媒体技术辅助教学，激发学生的兴趣和积极性。

- 任务型教学法：以任务为导向，让学生通过完成具体任务来研究和运用英语。

5. 评价方法为了准确评估学生的研究成果，教师可以采用以下评价方法：- 定期测试：通过考试或测验评估学生的语言掌握情况。

- 口头评价：通过学生的口头表达和交流能力评估其口语能力。

- 书面评价：通过学生的书面作业和文章评估其阅读和写作能力。

- 综合评价：综合考虑学生在听说读写等方面的表现综合评估其整体英语能力。

6. 参考资料教师可以根据需要参考以下英语教材和研究资源：- 《新概念英语》- 《剑桥英语》系列教材- 在线研究平台：如Duolingo、BBC Learning English等7. 总结本英语教学大纲范本模板旨在帮助教师有效组织课程并促进学生的研究。

文体修辞学、基本信息二、课程描述〃文体修辞学〃是一门英语专业高年级的专业选修课程，是一门在理论指导下实践性非常强的课程。

通过梳理文体学和宏观修辞学的关系，从语言学的视角找到一条进行文体（特别是文学文体）赏析的有效途径。

〃文体修辞学〃可以为语言学的学习奠定基础。

三、教学目标通过本课程的理论教学和相关实验训练，使学生具备如下能力：1、培养学生语言使用中的文体意识和修辞意识，使学生具备综合运用相关理论进行文体修辞应用的能力。

2、通过系统的文体修辞手法（含修辞格）的梳理，对大量的语言实例进行文体分析和批判，并通过一定量的练习，使学生具备修辞分析能力和语言运用能力。

四、课程目标对毕业要求的支撑五、教学内容第1章Introduction （支撑课程目标1）重点内容：现代文体学的定义、理论假说难点内容：现代文体学主要的理论假说教学内容：现代文体学的定义、理论假说、文体分析的目的、组成部分、步骤和性质第2 章Three Views on Style （支撑课程目标1、2、3）重点内容：文体是偏移的观点难点内容：文体是突出的观点教学内容：文体是变异的观点、文体是选择的观点和文体是突出的观点第3章Surface-structure Deviation （支撑课程目标1、2、3）重点内容：句法偏移、词汇偏移难点内容：句法偏移教学内容：音位偏移、句法偏移和词汇偏移等第4章Deep-structure Deviation （支撑课程目标1、2、3）重点内容：隐喻、反讽等修辞手法难点内容：各类修辞手法的应用教学内容：典型修辞手法的定义、分类和应用第5章Phonological Overregularity （支撑课程目标1、2、3）重点内容：音位层面过度规则化难点内容：韵律教学内容：音位层面过度规则化的分类和实例分析第6章Syntactic Overregulartity （支撑课程目标1、2、3）重点内容：排比难点内容：重复的分类及实例分析教学内容：句法层面过度规则化的分类和实例分析六、教学安排该课程每周2学时，16周，32学时为课堂授课教学时间。

Chiasmus
Chiasmus is a device that consists of two balanced statements, the second of which reverses the order of the words in the first, with or without a repetition of words. The word “chiasmas” comes from Greek word “chiasmos”, meaning “cross-wide”. Chiasmas serves diferent purposes in different contexts. On many occasions it serves the purpose of being serious or solemn, witty or humorous. It often achieves aphoristic effect. It is a construction involving the repetition of words or syntactic elements in reverse order.
A figure of balance identified by a similarity in the syntactical structure of a set of words in successive phrases, clauses, sentences. It helps make a sentence brief, smooth and coherent and give it rhythm, balance and force. In parallel construction it is necessary to balance word for word , phrase with phrase, clause with clause, sentence with sentence. Parallel constructions are also introduced by correlative conjunctions such as either… or, neither… nor, both… and, not only… but also, whether… or, and rather… than.

《语法与修辞》课程教学大纲语法与修辞课程教学大纲一、课程概述本课程旨在帮助学生全面掌握语法和修辞知识，提高语言表达的准确性和生动性。

通过系统研究和实践应用，培养学生对语言结构和修辞手法的理解和运用能力，提升写作能力和口语表达能力。

二、课程目标1. 理解语法的基本概念和用法，掌握常见的句子成分和句型结构；2. 研究词汇和句式的修辞手法，提高写作的表达力和感染力；3. 通过大量的练和实践，提高语法和修辞的运用水平；4. 培养批判性思维和分析能力，提高对他人写作的评估和编辑能力；5. 培养学生对自身写作问题的发现和解决能力。

三、课程内容1. 语法基础- 词汇和句子成分的基本概念- 主语、谓语、宾语、定语、状语- 五种基本句型及其变种- 从简到繁的句子扩展2. 语法进阶- 并列句、复合句和复杂句的结构和用法- 从句的种类和引导词的用法- 语法错误常见类型及修改方法- 谓语动词和时态的正确使用3. 修辞技巧- 修辞手法的基本概念和分类- 比喻、拟人、夸张等常见修辞手法的应用- 描述和叙事的修辞技巧- 讲故事和编排节奏的写作技巧4. 实践运用- 口语表达中的语法和修辞技巧- 阅读和分析优秀作品中的语法和修辞手法- 语法和修辞在写作中的实际应用- 个人写作项目和作品分享四、教学方法- 以案例分析为主，结合实际文本进行讲解和练；- 运用小组合作研究的方式，鼓励学生互相研究和讨论；- 组织语法和修辞游戏，增加趣味性和参与度；- 指导学生进行个人写作，并提供反馈和建议。

五、考核方式- 平时表现（包括课堂参与、作业完成、小组合作等）：30% - 期中考试：30%- 期末写作项目：40%六、参考教材- 《现代汉语语法教程》- 《修辞学导论》- 《写作修辞指南》七、备注本课程需要学生具备一定的中文基础，建议报名学生在学过一定的语文课程后再选修本课程。

外国语学院教案课程名称：英语修辞学上课班级：2018级英语专业1-8班学生层次：本科课程归属：任课教师：适用学期：2019-2020-2《英语修辞学》课程单元教学设计（教案）—Unit 6教学设计Steps（步骤）教学组织时长Step One（步骤一）Organize students to join the class through Tencent Meeting.P.S The ppt will be shown to students with the help of the screen sharing function ofTencent Meeting.1. Introduction to the overall arrangement of this lesson✓ 6.1 explanation of discourse✓ 6.2 persuasion discourse✓ 6.3 argumentation discourse✓ 6.4 description of discourse✓ 6.5narrative discourse✓Classroom discussion✓Q & A✓Homework & follow-up material3minsStep Three（步骤三）3. Lead-inA passage must have some concrete information, some feelings, emotions,observations and experience. Try to make it rich and vivid instead of empty. Thefirst is more like a general statement, telling us that the weather was bad. Thesecond is more like the body part, explaining in detail why the weather was bad.Because of the wind, the rain. You have 1 minute to read the two paragraphs.3mins4. Case analysisCase study a farmer tried to persuade his wife to move to a nearby city. He wrote down a few reasons for her to see. Income Increase, 2 schools are better, 3 housing on the farm is inconvenient, 4 social life is full, 5 cultural facilities are good, 6 farm workers are difficult to find, 7 dental treatment for the daughter for the first reason, her wife retorted, the expenses in the country were much less than in the city, and he would have a considerable inheritance, so they did not need any extra money. As for the second reason, she replied that school is not the whole content of education. It is also important to be in touch with nature and to develop one's abilities in solitude. She admits that city schools are better, but cautions that he agreed to send his children to private schools, so there is no difference between city and country schools. For the third reason, she admits that country houses are inconvenient, but they have a lot of charm and can be heated. As for reason number four, she said that they actually had too many guests now, and offered a new sub-argument: they both liked the outdoors, and liked horseback riding and hunting for reason number five, she said she had a radio and a stereo now. As for the sixth reason, she said he could use more machinery to solve the difficulty of finding a helper. For the seventh reason, she admits that her daughter's dental work is important, but she can drive her to a good dentist once a week.Division of Discourses [3 mins]1. Discourse Types Prepared by Miss Keisha Parris2.Discourse types, also known as rhetorical modes, are types of speaking and writing.3.There are five main types of discourse: Narrative Description Persuasive Argumentative Expository4.Narrative writing involves telling a story (narrating). Narration involves several features, such as: Narrative5.Point of view (first person or third person) Characters Setting Plot Conflict Resolution6.Descriptive Descriptive writing features descriptive words/phrases and sensory images.7.An effective piece of descriptive writing should make the reader feel as if he or she is experiencing what is being described.8.Persuasive The purpose of Persuasive writing/speaking is to convince the readers/listeners to change their mode of thinking or to persuade them to take a specific action.9.Persuasive techniques are often used in: Advertisements Argumentative writing Political campaigns Persuasion often appeals to emotion.10.Argumentative Argumentative writing/speaking is similar to Persuasive writing/speaking. However, the argument is put forward in a logical manner and is often supported by facts.11.Persuasive techniques are often used in Argument.12.Expository The purpose of Expository writing, or Exposition, is to deliver information about an issue, subject, method, or idea.13.Types of Expository Writing include: Analogy Analysis Cause and Effect Classification14. Comparison and Contrast Definition Examples Process Analysis15.What type of writing does each of the following represent? 1. An examination ofStep Five （步骤五）Assign homeworkPreview next part2minsConclusion （总结）Rhetoric is the understanding and accumulation of all kinds of knowledge, do notneed to be too deep, suitable for extensive reading, to have a general understandingof it.3mins。

高级英语第二册修辞汇总1. It is easier to make a beautiful dumb girl smart than to make an ugly smart girl beautiful. (antithesis)2. The children went from adult to adult like buckets in a fire brigade. (simile)3. Instantly, from the dark holes all round, there was a frenzied rush of Jews. (transferred epithet)4. Still, a white skin is always fairly conspicuous. (synecdoche)5. I leaped to my feet, bellowing like a bull. (simile)6. After the war, it was only natural that hopeful young writers, their minds and pens inflamed against war, Babbittry, and “Puritanical” gentility, should flock to the traditional artistic center. (metonymy)7. The conversation was on wings. (metaphor)8. United, there is little we cannot do in a host of co-operative ventures. Divided, there is little we can do, for we dare not meet a powerful challenge at odds and split asunder. (antithesis)9. But we shall not always expect … to remember that, in the past, those wh o foolishly sought power by riding the back of the tiger ended up inside.(metaphor)10. Polly, I love you. You are the whole world to me, and the moon and the stars and the constellations of outer space. (hyperbole)11. Greenwich Village set the pattern.(metonymy)12. Naturally, the spirit of carnival and the enthusiasm for high military adventure were soon dissipated once the eager young men had received a good taste of twentieth century warfare. (metaphor)13. The hurricane tore three large cargo ships from their moorings and beached them. (personification)14. The hurricane seized a 600,000-gallon Gulfport oil tank and dumped it 3 miles away. (personification)15. Long lines of women, bent double like inverted capital Ls, work their way slowly across the fields. (simile)16. The glow of the conversation burst into flames. (metaphor)17. If a free society cannot help the many who are poor, it cannot save the few who are rich. (antithesis)18. But this peaceful revolution of hope cannot become the prey of hostile powers. (metaphor)19. …yet both racing to alter that uncertain balance of terror that stays the hand of mankind’s final war. (synecdoche)20. I said with a mysterious wink and closed my bag and left. (transferred epithet)21. …, an attempt to treat the worker and employee like a machine which runs better when it is well oiled. (simile)22. The slightest mention of the decade brings nostalgic recollections to the middle-aged and curious questionings by the young. (transferred epithet)23. The wind sounded like the roar of a train passing a few yards away. (simile)24. Even with the most educated and the most literate, the King’s English slips and slides in conversation. (alliteration & simile)25. Younger brothers and sisters of the war generation had suffered no real disillusionment or sense of loss, now began to imitate the manners of their elders and play with the toys of vulgar rebellion. (metaphor)26. And so, my fellow Americans ask not what your country can do for you; ask what you can do for your country. (antithesis)27. And let every other power know that this hemisphere intends to remain the master of its own house. (metaphor)28. The war acted merely as a catalytic agent in this breakdown of the Victorian social structure. (metaphor)29. A moment later, the hurricane, in one mighty swipe, lifted the entire roof off the house and skimmed it 40 feet through the air. (personification)30. …, and blowndown power lines coiled like black spaghetti over the ro ads. (simile)31. …, and then more infantry, four or five thousand men in all, winding up the road with a clumping of boots and a clatter of iron wheels. (onomatopoeia)32. No one has any idea where the conversation will go as it meanders or leaps and sparkles or just glows. (metaphor)33. Let the word go forth from this time and place, to friend and foe alike, ...(alliteration)34. that the torch has been passed to a new generation of Americans, born in this century, tempered by war, disciplined by a hard and bitter peace, ...(parallelism)35. One more chance, I decided. But just one more. There is a limit to what flesh and blood can bear. (synecdoche)36. My brain was as powerful as a dynamo, as precise as a chemist’s scales, as penetrating as a scalpel. (simile & hyperbole)37. There follows an informal essay that ventures even beyond Lamb’s frontier. (metaphor)38. Before long the movement had become officially recognized by the pulpit (which denounced it). (metonymy)39. So let us begin anew, remembering on both sides that civility is not a sign of weakness, and sincerity is always subject to proof. (antithesis)40. To our sister republics south of our border, we offer a special pledge: to convert our good words into good deeds, in new alliance for progress, to assist free men and free government in casting off the chains of poverty. (repetition)常见成语汉译英1.爱屋及乌 Love me, love my dog.2.百闻不如一见 Seeing is believing.3.比上不足比下有余 worse off than some, better off than many; to fall short of the best, but be better than the worst.4.笨鸟先飞 A slow sparrow should make an early start.5.不眠之夜 white night6.不以物喜不以己悲 not pleased by external gains, not saddened by personnal losses7.不遗余力 spare no effort; go all out; do one's best8.不打不成交 No discord, no concord.9.拆东墙补西墙 rob Peter to pay Paul10.辞旧迎新 bid farewell to the old and usher in the new; ring out the old year and ring in the new11.大事化小小事化了 try first to make their mistake sound less serious and then to reduce it to nothing at all12.大开眼界 open one's eyes; broaden one's horizon; be an eye-opener13.国泰民安 The country flourishes and people live in peace14.过犹不及 going too far is as bad as not going far enough; beyond is as wrong as falling short; too much is as bad as too little15.功夫不负有心人 Everything comes to him who waits.16.好了伤疤忘了疼 once on shore, one prays no more17.好事不出门恶事传千里 Good news never goes beyond the gate, while bad news spread far and wide.18.和气生财 Harmony brings wealth.19.活到老学到老 One is never too old to learn.20.既往不咎 let bygones be bygones21.金无足赤人无完人 Gold can't be pure and man can't be perfect.22.金玉满堂 Treasures fill the home.23.脚踏实地 be down-to-earth24.脚踩两只船 sit on the fence25.君子之交淡如水 the friendship between gentlemen is as pure as crystal; a hedge between keeps friendship green26.老生常谈陈词滥调 cut and dried, cliché27.礼尚往来 Courtesy calls for reciprocity.28.留得青山在不怕没柴烧 Where there is life, there is hope.29.马到成功 achieve immediate victory; win instant success30.名利双收 gain in both fame and wealth31.茅塞顿开 be suddenly enlightened32.没有规矩不成方圆 Nothing can be accomplished without norms or standards.33.每逢佳节倍思亲 On festive occasions more than ever one thinks of one's dear ones far away.It is on the festival occasions when one misses his dear most.34.谋事在人成事在天 The planning lies with man, the outcome with Heaven. Man proposes, God disposes.35.弄巧成拙 be too smart by half; Cunning outwits itself36.拿手好戏 masterpiece37.赔了夫人又折兵 throw good money after bad38.抛砖引玉 a modest spur to induce others to come forward with valuable contributions; throwa sprat to catch a whale39.破釜沉舟 cut off all means of retreat；burn one‘s own way of retreat and be determined tofight to the end40.抢得先机 take the preemptive opportunities41.巧妇难为无米之炊 If you have no hand you can't make a fist. One can't make bricks without straw.42.千里之行始于足下 a thousand-li journey begins with the first step--the highest eminence is to be gained step by step43.前事不忘后事之师 Past experience, if not forgotten, is a guide for the future.44.前人栽树后人乘凉 One generation plants the trees in whose shade another generation rests.One sows and another reaps.45.前怕狼后怕虎 fear the wolf in front and the tiger behind hesitate in doing something46.强龙难压地头蛇 Even a dragon (from the outside) finds it hard to control a snake in its old haunt - Powerful outsiders can hardly afford to neglect local bullies.47.强强联手 win-win co-operation48.瑞雪兆丰年 A timely snow promises a good harvest.49.人之初性本善 Man's nature at birth is good.50.人逢喜事精神爽 Joy puts heart into a man.51.人海战术 huge-crowd strategy52.世上无难事只要肯攀登 Where there is a will, there is a way.53.世外桃源 a fictitious land of peace away from the turmoil of the world;54.死而后已 until my heart stops beating55.岁岁平安 Peace all year round.56.上有天堂下有苏杭 Just as there is paradise in heaven, ther are Suzhou and Hangzhou on earth.57.塞翁失马焉知非福 Misfortune may be an actual blessing.58.三十而立 A man should be independent at the age of thirty.At thirty, a man should be able to think for himself.59.升级换代 updating and upgrading (of products)60.四十不惑 Life begins at forty.61.谁言寸草心报得三春晖 Such kindness of warm sun, can't be repaid by grass.62.水涨船高 When the river rises, the boat floats high.63.时不我待Time and tide wait for no man。

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➢ 4. Assessment: Exam
Total grades = 20% of Regular Grades + 80%of the Final Exam
* Regular Grades consists of 10% of class attendance and 10% of
manipulate [ mə'nipjuleit ] others.
现代英语修辞学研究的是人类使用符号互相交流的能 力，这种能力是人类所持有的，人类使用符号来构建自 己的世界，来认识自我，来和其他人一起互动，使生活 更有意义。
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• 通过对语言材料的选择、调整、修饰，使语言美化， 更好地交流思想，表情达意。所谓“调整”，主要 指依据题旨(subject) 情境 (occasion / context)的需要，对词语、句式、段落篇章作恰当 地选择和安排；所谓“修饰”，主要指恰当地选择 一些修辞手段、修辞方法，增强语言表达的艺术效 能。调整的目的，就是要求语言准确、鲜明，没有 丝毫的模糊，也没有丝毫的歧义，使人家清楚、明 白。 -- 杨鸿儒《当代中国修辞学》
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Ⅰ About the Course
➢ 1. Optional course of English Major ➢ 2. Learners: Seniors of English Major ➢ 3. Main content:
General idea about English rhetoric a brief and interesting survey of the history of rhetoric with emphasis on several major classical rhetoricians and their theories and application