祈使句专项讲解
1.1定义
用于表达意愿、命令、请求、劝告、警告、禁止等的句子叫做祈使句，祈使句最常用于表达命令，因此在学校文法中也常称为命令句。祈使句因对象（即主语）是第二人称，所以通常都省略。祈使句的动词都为一般现在时，句末则使用句号或感叹号来表示结束，读时用降调。例：Go and wash your hands. （去洗你的手。——命令）
Be quiet, please.（Please be quiet.）（请安静。——请求）
Be kind to our sister. （对姊妹要和善。——劝告） Look out！Danger！（小心！危险！——强烈警告）
1.2概念口诀
祈使句无主语，主语you常省去；
动词原形谓语当，句首加don't变否定；
朗读应当用降调，句末常标感叹号。
1.3表现形式
1.3.1肯定句
1． Do型(即：动词原形(+宾语)+其它成分)。如：Please have a seat here. 请这边坐。
有的祈使句在意思明确的情况下，动词可省略。如：This way, please. = Go this way, please. 请这边走。
2． Be型(即：Be + 表语(名词或形容词)+其它成分)。如：Be a good boy! 要做一个好孩子! 3． Let型(即：Let + 宾语 + 动词原形 + 其它成分)。如：Let me help you. 让我来帮你。
1.3.2否定句
1．Do型和Be型的否定式都是在句首加don't构成：如：Don't forget me! 不要忘记我！
Don't be late for school! 上学不要迟到！
是系表结构——也就是没有行为动词但是有形容词的那种——使用Don't be 有行为动词的就不能这么用，只能用Don't
2． Let型的否定式有两种：“Don't + let +宾语 + 动词原形 + 其它成分”和“Let + 宾语 + not + 动词原形 + 其它成分”。如：Don't let him go. / Let him not go. 别让他走。3．有些可用no开头,用来表示禁止性的祈使句。如：No smoking! 禁止吸烟！No fishing! 禁
止钓鱼！
1.4练习
一、将下列汉语翻译成英语。
1. 请照看好您的包。___________________.
2. 让我们去学校吧！ ___________________!
3. 禁止在书上写字！ ___________________!
4. 不要把书放这儿。___________________.
5. 不要让猫进来。___________________.
二. 选择填空
( )1 .Her doctor said: “________ work so hard”
A Stop
B Don’t
C Can’t
D No
( )2. Jack, ________ to be here at 8 o’clock
A is sure
B is sure that
C will be sure
D be sure
( ) when you cross the road.
A Do care
B Care
C Be careful
D To be careful
( )4. ________him the secret.
A Don’t tell
B Not to tell
C Not telling
D No telling
( )5. ________ in bed. It’s bad for your eyes.
A Not to read
B Don’t read
C Don’t to read
D Not read
( )6. ________ Your child. We’ll look after him.
A Not to worry about
B Don’t worry about
C Not worry for
D Don’t worry with
( ) are very tired. ________ a rest.
A Not have
B Do not have
C Be have
D Have
( )8 _____ in the street. It’s dangerous.
A. Not play
B. Not to play
C. Don’t play
D. Don’t to play ( ) 9 ______ tell a lie.
A Be
B Not
C No
D Don’t
( ) ________ look outside. Look at the blackboard.
A not
B don’t
C aren’t
D can’t
( )11. Please ______ me some money.
A. lend
B. lending
C. to lend
D. be lend
( ) 12 ______ go to the bookshop.
A Let’s
B Don’t let they
C Let we
D No let me ( )13 When you watch a film, please ________.
A quiet
B be quiet
C be quietly
D quietly
( )14. _____ the boxes. You may use them later.
A. Keep
B. Keeping
C. To keep
D. Kept
( ) up early tomorrow!
A. Getting
B. Get
C. To get
D. Got
