小学英语祈使句
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祈使句(Imperatives)祈使句是用来表达﹑命令、请求、劝告、警告、禁止的句子。
祈使句一般以动词原形开头,有肯定和否定两种形式。
1.肯定祈使句⑴动词原形+其他。
Open the door,please.请打开门。
⑵ Let’s +动词原形+其他。
Let’s go to the park this Sunday.这个星期天咱们去公园吧。
辨析:let’s与let us区别a . Let's是建议或请对方一起行动的意思。
如:Let’s watch a cartoon. 让我们一起看卡通吧。
2.当请求对方允许自己(第一人称复数)做某事时,要用Let us,这里的us 不包括听话对方在内,不能缩写为Let's.如两个同学对老师说:Please let us remove the bookshelf for you.让我俩给你移动一下书架。
(3)Do(务必)开头,表示强调。
如:Do write to us often! 务必经常给我们写信。
⒉否定祈使句⑴ Don’t+动词原形+其他。
Don’t play football on the roa d!不要在马路上踢足球!⑵ Let sb not +动词原形+其他。
Let’s not make so much noise here.咱们不要在这大声吵闹。
⑶ Never+动词原形+其他。
Never be late for school.上学从来不要迟到。
⑷有些祈使句可用no开头,用来表示禁止。
No smoking!禁止吸烟!⒊祈使句的回答因为祈使句通常表示将来要发生的动作,所以回答祈使句时,一般用will或者won’t。
——Don’t forget to do your homework.不要忘记做你的作业。
——I won’t.. 我不会忘记的。
练习一、翻译下列各句。
1. 咱们一起玩吧! _____________________.2. 请不要迟到! _____________________.3. 告诉我你的名字! _____________________4. 我们周日去游泳吧!_____________________.5. 请关门!_____________________6. 别在桌子上写字。
英语句型—祈使句祈使句一、定义祈使句是英语的基本句型之一,表达说话人对对方的叮嘱、劝告、请求或命令等,往往有表示请求、命令、希望、禁止、劝告等意思。
祈使句一般没有主语,实际上是省略了主语“You”。
句末用感叹号或句号,用降调朗读。
肯定结构都以动词原形开头。
例如:Catch the ball!接球!(句子的意思是让“你”接球)Go and ask the teacher.去问问老师。
句子的意思是让“你”去问老师。
祈使句如需要强调对方时,亦可把you说出来。
e.g. 1.You be quiet! 你们安静!2.Don't you open the door.你不要开门。
注意:祈使句亦可用第三人称作主语。
Somebody open the door.(注意:要用动词原形)来个人把门打开。
Henry read the poem first. (注意:要用动词原形)亨利先读这首诗。
Parents with children go to the front. 带孩子的家长到前面去。
Don't anybody open the door.(注意:要用don't而不是用doesn't)谁也不要开门。
二、句型1.祈使句的肯定句式有三种形式,即1)Do型(以行为动词原形开头),例如:Sit down坐下!Stand up起立!2)Be型(以be开头),例如:Be quiet安静!3)Let型(肯定形式:以let开头),例如:Let me help you. 让我来帮助你。
let的否定形式为:1.Don’t let(Don’t let the baby fall. 不要让婴儿摔下来。
)2. Let…not(let’s not think about it. I am tired of think about it.咱们别再想那件事了。
我已经厌倦了。
)3. Let…no(少用)(Let there be no mistake about it. 以后别再犯这种错误了。
小学英语祈使句专练及答案单项选择1. the tv is too loud. please________.a. turn it downb. to turn it downc. turn down itd. to turn down it2. _______ late again, bill!a. don't to beb. don't bec. not bed. be not3. _______ cross the road until the traffic lights turn green.a. notb. won'tc. doesn'td. don't4. please help me carry it, ______?a. will ib. will youc. shall id. shall we5. don't make so much noise, ______?a. will youb. won't youc. shall wed. do you6. do you know the girl ______under the tree?a. standb. to standc. standingd. stood7. kate, _______ your homework here tomorrow.a. bringb. bringsc. to bringd. bringing8. ________ me the truth, or i'll be angry.a. tellingb. to tellc. toldd. tell9. i've kept the dog _______maomao for a long time.a. nameb. namedc. namingd. to name10. don't you know that _______ is good for our health?a. swimb. swimmingc. swamd. swims句型转换11. will you please read it again more slowly? (改成yaku)___ read __ __ it __ again more slowly, please.12. if you don't listen to me, i'll go. (改成同义句)_____ _____ me, or i'll go.13. let's watch the sports games. (改成偏齿疑问句)let's watch the sports games, _____ _____?14. the teachers often tell the students not to be careless. (改成yaku)_____ _____careless, please.15. please sit next to nancy. (改成否定句)_____ _____ next to nancy.16. don't forget to turn off the lights, please. (改成偏齿疑问句)don't forget to turn off the lights, _____ _____?17. if you move, you'll die. (改成同义句)_____ _____, or you'll die.18. come to my house tomorrow. (改成偏齿疑问句)come to my house tomorrow, _____ _____?19. 这就是一个糟了的'被子。
祈使句专项讲解
1.1 定义
用于表达意愿、命令、请求、劝告、警告、禁止等的句子叫做祈使句,祈使句最常用于表达命令,
因此在学校文法中也常称为命令句。祈使句因对象(即主语)是第二人称,所以通常都省略。祈使句
的动词都为一般现在时,句末则使用句号或感叹号来表示结束,读时用降调。例:
Go and wash your hands. (去洗你的手。——命令)
Be quiet, please.(Please be quiet.) (请安静。——请求)
Be kind to our sister. (对姊妹要和善。——劝告)
Look out!Danger! (小心!危险!——强烈警告)
1.2 概念口诀
祈使句无主语,主语you常省去;
动词原形谓语当,句首加don't变否定;
朗读应当用降调,句末常标感叹号。
1.3 表现形式
1.3.1 肯定句
1. Do型(即:动词原形(+宾语)+其它成分)。如:Please have a seat here. 请这边坐。
有的祈使句在意思明确的情况下,动词可省略。如:This way, please. = Go this way,
please. 请这边走。
2. Be型(即:Be + 表语(名词或形容词)+其它成分)。如:Be a good boy! 要做一个好孩子!
3. Let型(即:Let + 宾语 + 动词原形 + 其它成分)。如:Let me help you. 让我来帮你。
1.3.2 否定句
1.Do型和Be型的否定式都是在句首加don't构成:如:Don't forget me! 不要忘记我!
Don't be late for school! 上学不要迟到!
是系表结构——也就是没有行为动词但是有形容词的那种——使用Don't be 有行为动词的就
不能这么用,只能用Don't
2. Let型的否定式有两种:“Don't + let +宾语 + 动词原形 + 其它成分”和“Let + 宾
语 + not + 动词原形 + 其它成分”。如:Don't let him go. / Let him not go. 别让他走。
3. 有些可用no开头,用来表示禁止性的祈使句。如:No smoking! 禁止吸烟!No fishing! 禁
止钓鱼!
1.4 练习
一、将下列汉语翻译成英语。
1. 请照看好您的包。___________________.
2. 让我们去学校吧! ___________________!
3. 禁止在书上写字! ___________________!
4. 不要把书放这儿。___________________.
5. 不要让猫进来。___________________.
二. 选择填空
( )1 .Her doctor said: “________ work so hard”
A Stop B Don’t C Can’t D No
( )2. Jack, ________ to be here at 8 o’clock
A is sure B is sure that C will be sure D be sure
( ) when you cross the road.
A Do care B Care C Be careful D To be careful
( )4. ________him the secret.
A Don’t tell B Not to tell C Not telling D No telling
( )5. ________ in bed. It’s bad for your eyes.
A Not to read B Don’t read C Don’t to read D Not read
( )6. ________ Your child. We’ll look after him.
A Not to worry about B Don’t worry about
C Not worry for D Don’t worry with
( ) are very tired. ________ a rest.
A Not have B Do not have C Be have D Have
( )8 _____ in the street. It’s dangerous.
A. Not play B. Not to play C. Don’t play D. Don’t to play
( ) 9 ______ tell a lie.
A Be B Not C No D Don’t
( ) ________ look outside. Look at the blackboard.
A not B don’t C aren’t D can’t
( )11. Please ______ me some money.
A. lend B. lending C. to lend D. be lend
( ) 12 ______ go to the bookshop.
A Let’s B Don’t let they C Let we D No let me
( )13 When you watch a film, please ________.
A quiet B be quiet C be quietly D quietly
( )14. _____ the boxes. You may use them later.
A. Keep B. Keeping C. To keep D. Kept
( ) up early tomorrow!
A. Getting B. Get C. To get D. Got