三模前阅读理解专题练16题组一ASmart Home Products for Living a Connected LifeWhat makes something a smart home product? Generally, it’s defined by its ability to connect to a Wi-Fi network, allowing users to interact with it from their smartphones. We’ve rounded up some cool, diverse offerings that you’ll love to have in your home.Nest Cam IQ$299.00The Nest Cam IQ is a beautifully designed home security camera that can recognize faces. It can warn you if there’s a stranger in your home. The device als o supports two-way communication via built-in microphones and a powerful speaker.Logitech Harmony Elite$249.99The Logitech Harmony Elite is one of the best universal remote controls available on the market. It can control just about every piece of electronics you own(it supports over 270,000 devices！)in every room of your house or apartment, including TVs,streaming devices, and sound systems.Apple HomePod$349.00The Apple HomePod has better audio quality than any other smart speaker available today. Available in white or space gray, the Siri-powered device also allows you to control a number of devices with your voice.August Smart Lock Pro$279.99The August Smart Lock Pro is compatible(兼容的)with most locks. A mobile app allows you to manage access to the lock, check its usage history, and get informed when someone opens the door. You can control it andcheck on the state of your door with voice commands.56. What can the Nest Cam IQ help you do?A. Properly use your smartphone cameraB. Control electronics with your voice.C. Check the locks of your house.D. Keep your home safe.57. Which device can help you operate almost all your electronic equipment remotely?A. Nest Cam IQ.B. Apple HomePod.C. August Smart Lock Pro.D. Logitech Harmony Elite.BThe word “invent” comes from a Latin word which means “to find.” Garrett Morgan, an African-American, was one such inventor. His first job was repairing machines in a factory. By accident, he had invented the hair straightener. He sold his products and then continued with his career as an inventor.Every day, Garrett Morgan watched traffic become more dangerous. Cars, bicycles and walkers all competed to cross the street. Police officers made simple “stop /go” signals at busy crossroads, but cars, bicycles and walkers still rushed into the crossroads at different speeds and many crashed into each other. One day he saw a traffic accident between a car and a bicycle at a busy crossroads. he realized ,the problem with the traffic light, was its poor design: the traffic signal lacked a transition (过渡)between “stop” and “go.”Morgan invented a new traffic signal that added a “caution(警告)” light that made traffic move more smoothly and safely. His traffic light stood on a T-shaped pole with arms that flashed a red light to stop traffic in all directions, allowing walkers to cross safely. After walkers crossed, traffic could only go in one direction.Soon, cities everywhere wanted his traffic light. In 1923, a popular electric company paid Morgan $40,000 to make and sell his invention. Traffic lights today work in the same basic way.The traffic light is Morgan’s most famous invention. In 1963, the United States government gave Garrett Morgan an award for his life-saving idea.58. What can we learn about Garrett Morgan from Paragraph 1?A. He worked in a factory all his life.B. He led a hard life in his early years.C. He made money from hair straighteners.D. He dreamed of being an inventor when he was a child.59. What made Morgan invent the traffic light?A. A traffic accident.B. A car driver’s advice.C. Worry about his safety.D. Hard work of police officers.60. According to the text, Garrett Morgan’s traffic light _______.A. made cars move more slowly.B. needed no help from police officers.C. was special because it had a “caution” light.D. was very different from the ones we use today.CArchaeologists used DNA taken from a broken clay pipe stem found in Maryland to build a picture of an enslaved woman who died around 200 years ago and had origins in modern-day Sierra Leone. One researcher called the work “a mind-blower.”“In this particular context, and from that time period, I think it’s a first,” team member Hannes Schroeder told The Wa shington Post. “To be able to get DNA from an object like a pipe stem is quite exciting. Also it is exciting for descendant(后裔)communities... Through this technology, they’re able to make a connection not only to the site but potentially back to Africa.”The pipe stem was found at the Belvoir plantation in Crownsville, Maryland, where enslaved people lived until 1864 and where a likely slave cemetery was recently found. DNA taken from the pipe linked back to a woman either directly from or descended from the Mende people, who lived in west Africa, in an area now part of Sierra.Julie Schablitsky, the chief archaeologist with the Maryland state highway administration, told The Post the discovery, based on saliva(唾液)absorbed into the clay pipe, was a “mind-blo wer”. She also said records show the existence of a slave trade route Sierra Leone to Annapolis, plied(定期往来)by British and American ships. "As soon as people stepped on those slave ships in Africa," she said, “whether they were from Benin or whether they were from Sierra Leone, wherever they were from, that identity was lost. Their humanity is stripped from. Who they are as a people has gone.”The new analysis is part of ongoing research around Belvoir that has given descendants of the people enslaved there new insight into the lives of their ancestors. Speaking to The Post, Nancy Daniels, a genealogist from Laurel, Maryland, who thinks she is a descendant of enslaved families from Belvoir but was not linked to the research on the pipe, called the discovery “overwhelming.” “I’m sitting here about ready to cry,” she said. “I’m sorry. I’m so happy ... Thank God for the DNA. ”This year, events and ceremonies are being held to mark the 400th anniversary of the arrival of the first enslaved people in America, at Jamestown, Virginia, in 1619. Slavery was effectively abandoned in the US on 1 January 1863, with the issue by Abraham Lincoln of the Emancipation Proclamation. It formally ended in December 1865, after the civil war, with the approval of the 13th amendment(修正案).61. What does the phrase “a mind-blower” in paragraphs 1 and 4 refer to?A. A surpriseB. A confusionC. An excitementD. A fascination62. According to Hannes Schroeder, the pipe stem was of great significance because________.A. it was the first direct evidence that slaves living in Maryland were originally from Africa.B. it helped the archaeologists to draw a portrait of the enslaved woman.C. it might contribute to identifying the birthplace of the descendant communities.D. it contained genic clues to the ancestral background of its owner.63. What can be inferred from the passage?A. The owner of the pipe once lived in what is now an area in west Africa.B. The history of slavery in America is an ongoing topic of concern.C. African slaves lost their identities when they arrived at the Belvoir plantation.D. Nancy Daniels, a genealogist was sorry for not being involved in the research.64. Which of the following is the best title for the passage?A. DNA from an old pipe throws lights on the origins of the enslavedB. A new research reveals the origins of enslaved African womanC. The descendants of enslaved people seek their identitiesD. DNA contributes to the breakthrough of a new researchDProfessor Stephen Hawking recently came out with a serious warning for people. While at the Starmus Festival, a festival in Trondheim, Norway, celebrating science and the arts, Hawking warned people that the human race is in serious danger.Hawking criticized President Donald Trump for denying climate change. Then the physicist warned the audience, “I am not denying the importance of fighting climate change and global warming, unlike Donald Trump, who may just have taken the most serious, and wrong, decision on climate change this world has seen.”Hawking proposed that the leading countries should send astronauts to the Moon before 2020 to restart a movement of more exploration in space. BBC reported that Hawking suggested that we “build a lunar base in 30 years’ time and send people to Mars by 2025.”Ac cording to BBC, Professor Hawking said, “Spreading out into space will completely change the future of humanity.” He continued, “I hope it would unite competitive nations in a single goal, to face the common challenge for us all.” The physicist shared more ideas to motivate the younger generation to continue exploring space. Hawking stated, “a new and ambitious space program would excite (young people), and stimulate interest in other areas, such as astrophysics and cosmology.”Hawking also revealed his vision for other forms of energy that could move us to a new planet. He warned the audience, “The Earth is under threat from so many areas that it is difficult for me to be positive.” He continued, “Our natural resources are being drained, at an alarming rate. We have given our planet the disastrous gifts of climate change, rising temperatures, reduction of the polar ice caps, deforestation, and decimation (大量毁灭) of animal species. We can be ignorant, unthinking lot (人).”The professor warned the audience that doing nothing would lead nowhere. He said, “If we succeed, we will send a probe (航天探测器) to Alpha Centauri within the lifetime of some of you alive today. It is clear we are entering a new space age. We are standing at the threshold (起点) of a new era. Human colonization and moving to other planets is no longer science fiction, and it can be science fact.” Hawking advised the audience to move to other worlds because we are running out of space.65. According to Hawking, what is the first step for humans to spread out into space?A. To build a lunar base.B. To send people to Mars.C. To send astronauts to the Moon.D. To change the future of humanity.66. What does the underlined phrase “a single goal” in Paragraph 4 refer to?A. Spreading out into space.B. Facing the common challenge of humans.C. Stimulating young people’s interest in other areas.D. Motivating the younger generation to explore space.67. The underlined word “drained” in Paragraph 5 can be replaced by “_______”.A. speeded upB. storedC. used upD. explored68. What is Hawking’s attitude towards the Earth’s future?A. WorriedB. ConfusedC. PositiveD. Indifferent69. What is the main idea of the last paragraph?A. To warn the audience that humans are in danger.B. To predict what will happen to the earth in future.C. To stress that humans are entering a new space age.D. To encourage the audience to move to other planets.70. The reason why humans must leave earth soon is that _______.A. the Earth is under threat and the human race is in serious dangerB. a new and ambitious space program would excite young peopleC. astronauts have found a better world in the space than the EarthD. humans have found other forms of energy to move to a new planet题组二AUniversity of Cambridge has several funds to support university athletes. Full information can be found below: TASS-The Talented Athlete Scholarship SchemeLaunched in April 2004, TASS is designed to help promising young athletes who want to balance their sporting ambitions with a University or college education.If you would like to be considered for the TASS Scheme, please contact your National Governing Body to see if you are eligible. You can find out more about TASS here.UCAPP-University of Cambridge Athlete Performances ProgrammeUCAPP was set up in 1985 thanks to the kind generosity of Mark Hanson, who was a Modern Pentathlete during his time at Cambridge.This programme aims to provide core services that any high-performance athletes would benefit from including Lifestyle Management, Physiotherapy, Strength and Conditioning, Nutrition Advice, Sports Psychology Support and Gym Membership.To find out more information, please click here.The Eric Evans FundThe Eric Evans Fund was set up in 1996. The Fund is intended to support students who wish to improve their personal sporting performance beyond University level, or to enable them to undertake qualifications in connection with officiating, coaching or the administration of sport.The fund is managed by the Director of Sport and two other persons appointed by the Sports Committee. If you still have any further question, please send an e-mail to the Managers.The Hawks Charitable TrustThe Trust was established in January 1996 with a relatively small capital donated by some of the members to provide financial help to current Cambridge University students, male and female, whose sporting activities were being held back by financial problems.For more information on this Trust, including the qualifications required for application, please see the Hawks Website.56. What is special about UCAPP?A. It favors the promising young athletes.B. It requires no qualifications.C. It is intended for high-performance athletes.D. It helps to improve students’ personal sporting perf ormance.57. Which programme will you favor if your club needs money for a sport game?A. The Eric Evans FundB. UCAPPC. TASSD. The Hawks Charitable TrustBWhat is body surfing?Bodysurfing is related to riding on a wave with no help from a id tools such as a surfboard. That’s why it is called the “purest” form of surfing. In fact, it is one of very few extreme sports—free climbing and cliff diving are. others—that can be practiced using nothing but the human body.How do you do it?To catch a wave, swim to where the waves break and, as one approaches, start swimming towards the beach. You must try to travel at the same speed as the wave and, if you do it correctly, you will feel the wave lifting you and pushing you forwards. Then try and cut along the surface of the wave.What do you need?It is more enjoyable and safer if you use flippers (large flat rubber shoes). This is because they enable you to swim faster and surf along them more easily. A wetsuit is also advisable. Another aid is a handboard, a mini-surf board about the size of an iron, held in one hand to speed up along the wave. If you are lucky enough to be surfing in warm water, make sure you have your boardshorts at the ready.Unofficial world championshipBodysurfing is not a professional sport, but in Hawaii there is such a festival called the Pipeline Bodysurfing Classic each year. Local bodysurfers compete against athletes from places such as Australia, Brazil, Japan or France. Famous bodyboarder Mike Stewart has won the event no fewer than 12 times, and Kelly Slater, the greatest surfer in history, has also competed.58. How does a bodysurfer surf while in the sea?A. Only using the human body.B. Only relying on a surfboard.C. Only following a wave.D. Only swimming along the beach.59. Which can make you surf faster?A. Flippers and a wetsuit.B. A wetsuit and a handboard.C. A handboard and boardshorts.D. A handboard and Flippers.60. What can we know about the Pipeline Body surfing Classic?A. It is for local bodysurfers.B. It is held annually in Hawaii.C. All famous bodysurfers favor it.D. Mike Stewart attends it every year.CWhen prehistoric man arrived in new parts of the world, something strange happened to the large animals. They suddenly became extinct. Smaller species survived. The large, slow-growing animals were easy game, and were quickly hunted to extinction. Now something similar could be happening in the oceans.That the seas are being overfished has been known for years. What researchers such as Ransom Myers and Boris Worm have shown is just how fast things are changing. They have looked at half a century of data from fisheries around the world. Their methods do not attempt to estimate the actual biomass (the amount of living biological matter) of fish species in particular parts of the ocean, but rather changes in that biomass over time. According to their latest paper published in Nature, the biomass of large predators (animals that kill and eat other animals) in a new fishery is reduced on average by 80% within 15 years of the start of exploitation. In somelong-fished areas, it has halved again since then.Dr. Worm acknowledges that the figures are conservative. One reason for this is that fishing technology has improved. Today’s ves sels (船)can find their prey using satellites and sonar, which were not available 50 years ago. That means a higher proportion of what is in the sea is being caught, so the real difference between present and past is likely to be worse than the one recorded by changes in catch sizes. In the early days, too, longlines (多钩长线) would have been more filled with fish. Some individuals would therefore not have been caught, since no baited hooks (带饵钩)would have been available to trap them, leading to an underestimate of fish stocks in the past. Furthermore, in the early days of longline fishing, a lot of fish were lost to sharks after they had been hooked. That is no longer a problem, because there are fewer sharks around now。
