微生物学思维导图

微生物学微生物学.............................................................................................................................11.形态..............................................................................................................................31.1.原核微生物（真细菌）.......................................................................................31.1.1.细菌...............................................................................................................31.2.原核微生物（古菌）...........................................................................................81.3.真核微生物（真菌）...........................................................................................81.3.1.酵母菌...........................................................................................................81.3.2.丝状真菌.......................................................................................................81.4.非细胞微生物.....................................................................................................101.4.1.病毒.............................................................................................................101.4.2.亚病毒.........................................................................................................101.5.形态分类.............................................................................................................111.5.1.球菌.............................................................................................................111.5.2.杆菌.............................................................................................................121.5.3.螺旋菌.........................................................................................................132.生理...........................................................................................................................142.1.营养.....................................................................................................................142.1.1.营养类型.....................................................................................................142.1.2.要素.............................................................................................................172.1.3.吸收机制.....................................................................................................202.1.4.培养基.........................................................................................................212.2.代谢.....................................................................................................................232.3.生长.....................................................................................................................242.3.1.测定方法.....................................................................................................242.3.2.细菌.............................................................................................................282.3.3.真菌.............................................................................................................302.3.4.影响因素.....................................................................................................323.遗传...........................................................................................................................333.1.遗传.....................................................................................................................343.1.1.遗传物质证明（三个实验）.....................................................................343.1.2.基因组.........................................................................................................343.2.变异.....................................................................................................................353.2.1.基因突变.....................................................................................................353.2.2.基因重组.....................................................................................................364.生态...........................................................................................................................374.1.自然分布.............................................................................................................384.1.1.土壤.............................................................................................................384.1.2.水体.............................................................................................................384.1.3.生物体.........................................................................................................384.1.4.极端环境.....................................................................................................384.2.生物间相互作用.................................................................................................384.2.1.互生.............................................................................................................384.2.2.共生.............................................................................................................384.2.3.竞争.............................................................................................................384.2.4.拮抗.............................................................................................................394.2.5.寄生.............................................................................................................394.2.6.捕食.............................................................................................................394.3.物质循环.............................................................................................................395.分类...........................................................................................................................395.1.分类.....................................................................................................................395.1.1.表观特征.....................................................................................................395.1.2.系统进化特征.............................................................................................395.2.命名.....................................................................................................................395.3.鉴定.....................................................................................................................395.3.1.多相鉴定.....................................................................................................406.研究技术...................................................................................................................40