英语专业翻译练习答案

专业英语八级（翻译）-试卷100(总分：12.00，做题时间：90分钟)一、 TRANSLATION(总题数：6，分数：12.00)1.PART IV TRANSLATION（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________解析：2.夜色中看这堵围墙，十分奇妙，颇有点诗意。

白墙、黑瓦、宝蓝色的漏窗泛出晶莹的光辉，里面的灯光从漏窗中透出来，那光线也变得绿莹莹的。

清风吹来，树枝摇曳，灯光闪烁变幻，好像有一个童话般的世界深藏在围墙的里面。

抬起头来从墙顶上往里看，可以看到主建筑的黑色屋顶翘在夜空里，围墙也变得不像墙了，它带着和主建筑相似的风格进入了整体结构。

附近的马路也变样了，好像是到了什么风景区或文化宫的入口。

（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________正确答案：(正确答案：Seen dimly through the moonlight, the boundary wall looked enchanting and full of poetry. The white wall, black tiles and sapphire windows were all suffused with sparkling brilliance while the light that filtered out through the patterned blocks was transformed to a shining emerald green. A light breeze blew, swaying the tree branches and making the rays of light glimmer and dance as if a fairytale world were hidden deep within. Above the wall one could see the black roof of the building inside jutting into the night air, so that the wall suddenly seemed to transform, melting into the main building whose style it matched to perfection. The nearby road seemed to have changed too, as if it were the entrance to a scenic area or a cultural palace.) 解析：解析：1．本段为描写文，采用一般过去时或一般现在时为总体时态均可，但必须注意整个段落的时态要一致。

Chapter 1Passage 1 Human BodyIn this passage you will learn:1. Classification of organ systems2. Structure and function of each organ system3. Associated medical termsTo understand the human body it is necessary to understand how its parts are put together and how they function. The study of the body's structure is called anatomy; the study of the body's function is known as physiology. Other studies of human body include biology, cytology, embryology, histology, endocrinology, hematology, immunology, psychology etc.了解人体各部分的组成及其功能，对于认识人体是必需的。

研究人体结构的科学叫解剖学；研究人体功能的科学叫生理学。

其他研究人体的科学包括生物学、细胞学、胚胎学、组织学、内分泌学、血液学、遗传学、免疫学、心理学等等。

Anatomists find it useful to divide the human body into ten systems, that is, the skeletal system, the muscular system, the circulatory system, the respiratory system, the digestive system, the urinary system, the endocrine system, the nervous system, the reproductive system and the skin. The principal parts of each of these systems are described in this article.解剖学家发现把整个人体分成骨骼、肌肉、循环、呼吸、消化、泌尿、内分泌、神经、生殖系统以及感觉器官的做法是很有帮助的。

Unit 101.John Dewey has said in all seriousness that the part played by custom in shaping the behaviour of the individual as over against any way in which he can affect traditional custom, is as the proportion of the total vocabulary of his mother tongue over against those words of his own baby talk that are taken up into the vernacular of his family.答案：John Dewey has pointed out seriously that how far a social habit can impact an individual behavior as compared with how far an individual behaviour can impact a social habit can be likened to how far a native language can affect the entire vocabulary of a family dialect as compared with how far the entire vocabulary of a family dialect can affect a native language.2.When one seriously studies the social orders that have had the opportunity to develop autonomously ,the figure becomes no more than an exact and matter-of-fact observation.答案：The result from a serious study of various cultures that are allowed to grow with no influence from outside proves to be in complete conformity with the reality.3.Anthropology was by definition impossible as long as these distinctions between ourselves and the primitive,ourselves and the barbarian,ourselves and the pagan,held sway over people’s minds. 答案：No scientific study of people and their cultures can be expected to achieve any fruitful end,where we still strongly believe that ours is superior to other cultures,which we have traditionally considered as underdeveloped,uncivilized or irreligious.4.It was necessary to recognize that these institutions which are based on the same premises,let us say the supernatural,must be considered together,our own among the rest.答案：We should accept that these cultures,which are like ours created by God,must be treaded as equals to our own culture and included in our study of social customs.Unit 111.Up above me,I knew,were unselfishnesses of the spirit,clean and noble thinking, keen intellectual living.答案：I believed that in a society high above me lived those who selfless,noble-minded and well-cultivated.2.But it is not particularly easy for one to climb up out of the working-class-especially if he is handicapped by the possession of ideals and illusions.答案：But it is surely difficult for a man,especially one full of objectives and imagination in life,to have his working class status changed.3.I had the muscle,and they made money out of it while I made but a very indifferent living out of it.答案：I was physically strong,and they profited by the exploitation of my physical strength,which,to my great disappointment, was not able to change my life for the better.4.He was a muscle bankrupt, and nothing remained to him but to go down into the cellar of society and perish miserably.答案：He was no longer physically strong/powerful,his strength was used up/exhausted/consumed completely /wore out;and he had to let himself slide down to the bottom of society,left alone in misery till the end of his life.1.One hundred years later,the Negro is still languished in the corners of American society and finds himself an exile in his own land.答案：One hundred years later,the Negro still lives in a land of poverty isolated from a land of immense /enormous wealth,which surrounds us and is our homeland.2.It is obvious today that America has defaulted on this promissory note insofar as her citizens of color are concerned.答案：We can see clearly now that America has failed to execute this document as promised,as far as the black people are concerned.3.So we have come to cash this check-a check that will give us upon demand the riches of freedom and the security of justice.答案：So we are here to demand the fulfillment of a promise which assures us of liberty and justice.4.This is no time to engage in the luxury of cooling off or to take the tranquilizing drug of gradualism.答案：This is not the time now to try to persuade us to keep quiet and wait patiently,by and by, a solution is eventually found.Unit 21.Moses pleaded a speech defect to rationalize his reluctance to deliver Jehovah’s edict to Pharaoh.答案：Moses justified his unwillingness to pass Jehovah’s order to Pharaoh,saying that he was “slow of speech”.2.Yet for all the trouble procrastination may incur,delay can often inspire and revive a creative soul.答案：Delay leads to problems.However,in many cases,it can often stimulate the creativity in an artist.3.He notes that speedy action can be embarrassing or extremely costly.答案：He points out that hastiness may give rise to decisions which turn out to be humiliating or expensive.4.Bureaucratization,which flourished amid the growing burdens of government and the greater complexity of society,was designed to smother policymakers in blankets of legalism,compromise and reappraisal-and thereby prevent hasty decisions from being made.答案：Excessive red-tape developed because public administration was expanding in scope and because society was growing more and more complicated.In this sense,red-tape helped those in charge of policy to be fully engaged in an enormous amount of paperwork and judgement,thus making it impossible for an immature decision to result.5....many of my friends go through agonies when they face a blank page.答案：...many of my friends have a hard time the moment they attempt to put pen to paper.Unit 131.People who are partial to euphemisms stand accused of being “phony”or trying to hide what it is they are really talking about.答案：Euphemism-prone people are subject to the charge that they are insincere.2.What we call things affects how we will perceive them.答案：Things may take on a different look when named differently.3.It would appear that human beings almost naturally come to identify names with things,which is one of our more fascinating illusions.答案：It seems that mankind is predisposed to regard things as being inseparable from the labels they bear.This is a most intriguing delusion.4.For if you change the names of things,you change how people will regard them,and that is as good as changing the nature of the thing itself.答案：With the change of the names of things,you have changed their images in the eye of people,which,in effect,means a change in what the things really are.5.The teacher who prefers us to use the term”culturally different children”instead of “slum children”is euphemizing,all right,but is doing it to encourage us to see aspects of a situation that might otherwise not be attended to.答案：It is true that the teacher is euphemizing when he has us use”culturally different children” in place of “slum children”, but what he is doing is to try to turn our attention to an aspect of life that might easily be neglected.6.Saying that someone is “dead”is not to speak more plainly or honestly than saying he has “passed away”.答案：People are just as frank when they say someone “passed away”as when they say he is “dead”.Unit 151.Most previous analogies are seriously inadequate, for while they may describe a part of the teaching activity,they also suggest patterns that are not fully applicable to teaching.答案：Almost none of the analogies that have been used so far can fully describe what teaching is all about.(or: Nearly all the analogies that have been used so far can only present a partial picture,rather than a complete one,of what teaching is really about.)In this sense,none of them serves as an analogy for teaching.2.Rather than emphasizing the mutuality of the endeavor,each of these common analogies turns ona separation between the professional and his clients.答案：Each of these popular analogies sees the teacher and his students not as an organic unit tied together in a joint effort,but as being isolated from each other.3.The teacher as actor also plays to a passive audience,but he measures success by large numbers. 答案：The teacher,seen in the role of the actor,would be simply lecturing to an audience ,who do not participate, and he would evaluate his performance not by their involvement in class activities,but by the size of the class.4.The mountaineer accepts his leadership role,yet recognizes that the success of the journey(measured by the scaling of the heights)depends upon close cooperation and active participation by each member of the group.答案：The mountaineer knows his own function as a leader and is well aware,too,that whether they can climb to the top is decided by how well each member can cooperate with the others and how far each member is ready to involve himself in the endeavour.5.Essential skills must be mastered if the trip is to be successful;lacking them,disaster looms as anominous possibility.答案：For a good journey,basic skills from an indispensable part,without which one is likely to encounter misfortune.翻译1.习俗不同于传统在于前者是一个社会中公认的行为规范，而后者则是指从过去传到现在的思维和行为的习惯方式。

Chapter 1Passage 1 Human BodyIn this passage you will learn:1. Classification of organ systems2. Structure and function of each organ system3. Associated medical termsTo understand the human body it is necessary to understand how its parts are put together and how they function. The study of the body's structure is called anatomy; thestudy of the body's function is known as physiology. Other studies of human body include biology, cytology, embryology, histology, endocrinology, hematology, immunology, psychology etc.了解人体各部分的组成及其功能，对于认识人体是必需的。

研究人体结构的科学叫解剖学；研究人体功能的科学叫生理学。

其他研究人体的科学包括生物学、细胞学、胚胎学、组织学、内分泌学、血液学、遗传学、免疫学、心理学等等。

Anatomists find it useful to divide the human body into ten systems, that is, the skeletal system, the muscular system, the circulatory system, the respiratory system, the digestive system, the urinary system, the endocrine system, the nervous system, the reproductive system and the skin. The principal parts of each of these systems are described in this article.解剖学家发现把整个人体分成骨骼、肌肉、循环、呼吸、消化、泌尿、内分泌、神经、生殖系统以及感觉器官的做法是很有帮助的。

专业英语八级（翻译）-试卷89(总分52, 做题时间90分钟)4. TRANSLATIONPART IV TRANSLATION1.(入学，要交十元的保证金。

这是一笔巨款!)母亲作了半个月的难，把这巨款筹到，而后含泪把我送出门去。

SSS_TEXT_QUSTI该问题分值: 2答案:正确答案：For about two weeks, Mother suffered much and finally managed to raise the money, and then she sent me off to school with tears in her eyes.解析：“作了半个月的难”中的“作难”既有“费了很大劲去做……”，也暗含“为难”之义，故可译成suffer much或用struggle to do sth．的句型，体现出母亲筹钱的艰难。

2.手机刷新了人与人的关系。

SSS_TEXT_QUSTI该问题分值: 2答案:正确答案：Mobile phones have renewed the interpersonal relationships.解析：“刷新”此处实际上是“更新，换成新的”，故应译作renew或refresh；甚至可将语义更宽泛化，译为alter或是change。

此处不可按字面义译为refurbish“重新装饰”或是renovate“修复”或whitewash“粉刷”。

因为“人与人的关系”实指“人际关系”，应译为interpersonal relationships，而不应按字面译为people'srelations或relationship among human beings。

3.得病以前，我受父母宠爱，在家横行霸道，……SSS_TEXT_QUSTI该问题分值: 2答案:正确答案：Before I was taken ill, I had been a spoiled child of my parents, getting things my way in the family.解析：“横行霸道”一词的一般含义是“任意欺凌他人”之义，但是本例是以孩子的口气写的，因此限定了该词的具体含义是“为所欲为，想干什么就干什么”，主要反映了孩子的“稚气”和“顽皮”，因此没有任何“霸气”，可译为be so arrogant，be so aggressive或played my important role。

Unit 1 Automotive BasicsAutomobiles， trucks, and buses are essential forms of transportation. They are complex machines made up of many parts. These parts can be grouped into a number of systems. An understanding of how the system work will help you understand how the automobile works.轿车、卡车和客车是交通运输的重要组成部分.它们都是由许多部件组成的复杂机器.这些部件可以归类为汽车的几个组成系统。

了解这些各个小系统是如何工作的将有助于我们理解整个汽车系统是如何工作。

An automobile can be divided into two basic parts： a body and a chassis. The body is the enclosure that houses the engine， passengers， and cargo。

It is the part of the automobile that you see。

The chassis is that part of the automobile beneath the body。

汽车可以分为两个基本部分：车身和底盘。

车身包围发动机、乘客和行李，它是汽车你所看到的部分。

而车身以下的部分就是底盘.1.1 THE BODY An automobile body is a sheet metal shell with windows， doors， a hood, and a trunk deck built into it。

It provides a protective covering for the engine， passengers， and cargo。

英语专业期末考试翻译试题（2）汉译英 1. “生命中真正重要的不是你遭遇了什么，而是你记住了哪些事，又是如何铭记的。”

A. In life, what really matters is not what you encounter, but what you remember and how you remember it.

B. In life, truly important is not what you meet, but what you recall and how you remember it.

C. In life, what is really important is not what you experience, but what you remember and how you remember.

答案：A 解析：“真正重要的”常见表达为 what really matters；“遭遇”用 encounter 比较准确；“记住”是 remember；“如何铭记”用 how you remember it 表达更完整。B 选项 truly important 语序不对；C 选项 how you remember 后面缺少宾语 it。 2. “世界上最宽阔的是海洋，比海洋更宽阔的是天空，比天空更宽阔的是人的心灵。”

A. The widest in the world is the ocean. Wider than the ocean is the sky. And wider than the sky is human's heart.

B. The broadest in the world is the sea. Broader than the sea is the sky. And broader than the sky is human's mind.

1995简.奥斯丁的小说都是三五户人家居家度日，婚恋嫁娶的小事。

因此不少中国读者不理解她何以在西方享有那么高的声誉。

但一部小说开掘得深不深，艺术和思想是否有过人之处，的确不在题材大小。

有人把奥斯丁的作品比作越咀嚼越有味道的橄榄。

这不仅因为她的语言精彩，并曾对小说艺术的发展有创造性的贡献，也因为她的轻快活泼的叙述实际上并不那么浅白，那么透明。

史密斯夫人说过，女作家常常试图修正现存的价值秩序，改变人们对“重要”和“不重要”的看法。

也许奥斯丁的小说能教我们学会转换眼光和角度，明察到“小事”的叙述所涉及的那些不小的问题。

参考译文：However, subject matter is indeed not the decisive factor by which we judge a novel of its depth as well as (of ) its artistic appeal and ideological content (or: as to whether a novel digs deep or not or whether it excels in artistic appeal and ideological content). Some people compare Austen’s works to olives: the more you chew them, the more tasty (the tastier) they become. This comparison is based not only on (This is not only because of ) her expressive language and her creative contribution to the development of novel writing as an art, but also on (because of ) the fact that what hides behind her light and lively narrative is something implicit and opaque (not so explicit and transparent). Mrs. Smith once observed, women writers often sought (made attempts) to rectify the existing value concepts (orders) by changing people’s opinions on what is “important” and what is not.1996近读报纸，对国内名片和请柬的议论颇多，于是想起客居巴黎时经常见到的法国人手中的名片和请柬，随笔记下来，似乎不无借鉴之处。

专业英语八级（翻译）历年真题试卷汇编2(题后含答案及解析) 题型有： 4. TRANSLATIONPART IV TRANSLATION1．“流逝”表现了南国人对时间最早的感觉。

“子在川上曰：逝者如斯夫。

”他们发现无论是潺潺小溪，还是浩荡大河，都一去不复返，流逝之际青年变成了老翁而绿草转眼就枯黄，很自然有惜阴的紧迫感。

流逝也许是缓慢的，但无论如何缓慢，对流逝的恐惧使人们必须用“流逝”这个词来时时警戒后人，必须急匆匆地行动，给这个词灌注一种紧张感。

正确答案：They realized either the flowing stream or mighty rivers are gone forever. They found that as time passed by, youngsters would become old and the green grass wither in almost a blink of an eye. A sense of urgency naturally arose over the elusiveness of time. Time might flow slowly, but no matter how slowly time flowed, the very fear of its transiency compelled people to use the word “passage” to warn the new generations of the necessity of taking prompt action; thus instilling the word with a sense of tension.解析：背景介绍文章选自当代著名作家韩少功1996年出版的《马桥词典》。

这是一部长篇小说，但以词条为引子，讲述了古往今来引人入胜的故事，更像是一部百科全书。

Chapter 1Passage 1 Human BodyIn this passage you will learn:1. Classification of organ systems2. Structure and function of each organ system3. Associated medical termsTo understand the human body it is necessary to understand how its parts are put together and how they function. The study of the body's structure is called anatomy; the study of the body's function is known as physiology. Other studies of human body include biology, cytology, embryology, histology, endocrinology, hematology, immunology, psychology etc.了解人体各部分的组成及其功能，对于认识人体是必需的。

研究人体结构的科学叫解剖学；研究人体功能的科学叫生理学。

其他研究人体的科学包括生物学、细胞学、胚胎学、组织学、内分泌学、血液学、遗传学、免疫学、心理学等等。

Anatomists find it useful to divide the human body into ten systems, that is, the skeletal system, the muscular system, the circulatory system, the respiratory system, the digestive system, the urinary system, the endocrine system, the nervous system, the reproductive system and the skin. The principal parts of each of these systems are described in this article.解剖学家发现把整个人体分成骨骼、肌肉、循环、呼吸、消化、泌尿、内分泌、神经、生殖系统以及感觉器官的做法是很有帮助的。