新版国际音标书写对比

音素分类 音标书写 音位音长

元音

声带振动

单音口形不变 前元音 [ i: ][ ɪ ][ e ][ æ ] 扁唇形，舌尖抵下齿，依次张大

中元音 [ ɜ: ] [ ə]

[ ʌ] 圆唇，舌悬空中高，依次张大

后元音 [u:][ʊ][ɔ:][ɒ][ɑ:] 扁圆唇，舌后缩底高，依次张大

双元音口形变 合口

双元音 [eɪ] [ɔɪ]

[aɪ] 前长后短，前重后轻，首音长三分之二，次音三分之一，从首音滑向次音，一到即止。

合口

双元音 [əʊ] [aʊ]

集中

双元音 [ɪə] [ʊə]

[eə]

辅音

声带振动或无振动

腔阻成音 爆破音 清 [ p ] [ t ] [ k ] 1.双唇闭，气冲成音

2.舌尖抵上齿龈，弹舌成音

3.舌后部抵软鄂，咳气成音 浊 [ b ] [ d ] [ g ]

摩擦音 清 [ s ][θ][ f]

[ ʃ ] 1. s z双唇微张，舌尖平近上齿，气流缓出舌齿间，

2. 双唇微张，舌尖平抵上齿龈冲舌成音

3.圆唇微突出，舌尖微上卷近上齿龈，送气成音

4.上齿轻咬下唇，气出唇齿，摩擦成音. 浊 [ z ][ ð ][ z

][ ʒ ]

破擦音 清 [ tr] [ tʃ ]

[ ts] 口舌摆好首音音位，尽力发出次音，即可成音

浊 [ dr ][ dʒ ][

dz ] 半元音

[ w ] [ j ] 1. W稍圆突唇舌后抬起，嘴唇滑向两边，振动

2. j扁唇微笑，舌尖抵下齿，舌面贴上鄂，振动，

3. 两音长很短，一出即滑至后音

似摩音

[ l ] [ h ] [ r ] 1.l舌抵上齿龈，稍弯，气出舌两边成音，振动

2.h 嘴唇自然张开，呵气成音，声带不振动

3.r舌关上卷悬中，圆唇稍突，冲舌成音,振动

鼻音

[m] [n] [ŋ] 双唇紧闭，舌尖平悬，气出鼻腔振动

双唇微开，舌尖抵上齿龈，气出鼻腔，振动

双唇张开，舌尖抵下齿龈，舌后自然升顶，气出鼻腔，

英语国际音标新旧对照表

Vowels

元音20个 新 i： ɪ e æ ɜ: ə ʌ u: ʊ ɔ:

旧 i: i e æ ə: ə

ʌ u: u ɔ:

新 ɒ a: eɪ aɪ ɔɪ əʊ aʊ ɪə eə ʊə

旧 ɔ ɑ: ei ai ɔi əu au iə εə uə

Consonants

辅音28个 无

变

化 p b t d k g f v s z

ð m n ŋ l r h w

j

ʃ ʒ tʃ dʒ tr dr ts dz

英语国际音标四线三格书写规范

长元音

短元音 [ i:] [ u:] [ ɜ:] [ ɔ:] [ ɑ:]

[ ɪ] [ ʊ] [ ə] [ ɒ ] [ e ] [æ ] [ ʌ ]

双元音 /eɪ/ /ɔɪ/ /aɪ/ /ɪə/ /ʊə/ /eə/ /əʊ/ /aʊ/

轻辅音

浊辅音 /p / / t / / k / / f/ / ʃ

/ / s / /θ/

/b / /d/ / g / / v / / ʒ

/ / z / / ð

/

轻辅音

浊辅音 / ts/ / tʃ/ / tr/ / h/

/ dz/ /dʒ/ /dr/ / r/

英语国际音标音源练习

一.单元音：vowels（12个）

1.[ i:] A: Tea or coffee?

B: Tea for Lee and coffee for me, please.

e: me be she he we evening see

ee: sweet bee sweep sheep sleep three green

ea: meat read leaf sea pea teach eat clean

ie, ei, eo: piece, ceiling, people

2.[ ɪ][ i ] His little sister is sitting in the middle.

i: is English pig fish in fifteen six ship thin

e: begin behind jacket basketball

y: happy heavy busy lorry carry sunny lovely study thirsty twenty thirty windy rainy

ey: monkey money

ay: Sunday Saturday Friday

比较：1.it--eat 2. live—leave 3. fill—feel

4. seat—sit 5. tree—trip 6.bit—bee 鼻音 /m/ / n / / ŋ /

半元音 / j

/ /w/

舌侧音 / ǀ

/ 含糊音 / ǀ

/ 7. sheep—ship 8. deed—did 9. live—leave 10. feed—fit 11. pea—pit 12.

rid—read 13. street—strict 14. sleep—slip

3.[ e ] Good, better, best. Never let it rest.

Till good is better. And better best.

e: egg bell desk leg red pet then ten pen

ea: bread head breakfast

ai: again

4.[ æ ] Cat, cat! Catch that black rat!

a: dad hat cap bag cat can bad apple bag flag hand rabbit ant black fat has stand rat map

Compare:

1. bet--bat 2. pat—pet 3. bag—beg

4. sat—set 5. neck--lack 6. sad—said 7.bad—bed 8.dad—dead

d—led

10. fad—fed 5. [:][ə:] The early bird catches the worm first.

er: her serve term

ir:bird girl skirt first dirty skirt shirt

ur:nurse Thursday turtle purple curtain

ear:early learn

or: word work world

6. [ ə ] The farmer’s sister is a doctor.

er:teacher clever brother dinner father sister ruler

ar: sugar

or:doctor

a:panda about above camera sofa China

e: open

ure: picture

7. [ ʌ] Come to the front on the double.

o: son come colour love money

u: sun nut jump gum us bus brush

supper duck

ou: touch cousin country

8.[ u:] How do you do? You look really cool.

o: do who whose

oo: food moon too soon

ui: fruit juice

u: ruler rude

ou:soup

oe:shoe

9.[ ʊ ][u] Look at the cookbook. It’s really good.

o:woman wolf

oo:look good book foot wood classroom

u:bull bullet

10.[ ɔ:] My daughter who’s forty-four is a lawyer.

a: water aw:draw strawberry

al:ball wall call

or:horse morning corn fork or short

oor:floor door

au: autumn

ar: warm

11. [ ɒ ][ ɔ] The little pot is so hot.

o: fox coffee dog shop dog

doctor long sorry

a: watch what

12.[ a:] It’s far to the farm from the park.

a: grass glass class plant dance

fast father last half

ar: car star arm park March hard garden

dark scarf

au: laugh aunt ear: heart

二.双元音（8个）：

13. [eɪ] [ ei ] Rain, rain go away.

Little Johnny wants to play.

a: cake make name game snake gate lazy

ai: rain train wait

ay:day May play taday way

ea: great

14. [ ɔɪ ] [ ɔi] Soybean oil is my choice.

oi: oil boil coin point

oy: boy toy

15. [ aɪ][ ai ] Out of sight, out of mind.

i: kite bike nice tiger write idea knife five

y: by cry fly my sky try why goodbye

ie: tie pie

uy: buy

16. [ əʊ ][ əu] Go and open the window, Joe,

and show me the photo.

o: nose rose poem old over hello

oa: boat coat soap goat

ow: show window snow bowl

17. [ aʊ ] [au] I found a mouse in the house.

ou: house mouse mouth trousers about round

ow: flower cow how now down town