智能小车控制系统毕设

I概要

I 摘 要

本设计采用AT91SAM7S256芯片为控制核心，利用路面黑线检测使用反射式红外传感器检测道路上的障碍，控制小车的自动避障，寻迹。利用PWM技术动态控制电动机的转速；小车具有远程遥控功能，可以实现远程对小车左右转弯，以及前进后退，并利用温度传感器检测周围温度，以完成一些危险地带的数据采集，利用HD7289A显示小车行驶状态。整个系统的电路结构简单，可靠性能高。

关键词： AT91SAM7S256； HD7289A； 温度采集；

红外传感器； 电动小车

Abstract

II Abstract

The design for the control of AT91SAM7S256 core chip, the use of road detection and

the use of reflective infrared sensors detect obstacles on the road to control the car's automatic

obstacle avoidance, tracing. Dynamic use of PWM motor speed control; car with a remote

control function, you can remotely turn on the car around and back forward and take

advantage of the temperature sensors detect the ambient temperature in order to complete

some dangerous areas of data collection, the use of show cars driving HD7289A . Circuit the

whole system of simple structure, high reliability.

Keywords: AT91SAM7S256; HD7289A ; Temperature Acquisition ;

Infrared sensor ; Electricity motive small car ; 目录

III 目 录

摘 要 .................................................................................................................................... I

ABSTRACT.............................................................................................................................. II

第一章 概述............................................................................................................................. 5

1.1 智能小车发展现状与趋势 ................................................................................................ 5

1.1.1 课题背景 ................................................................................................................. 5

1.1.2 智能小车机器人技术在国内外的研究现状 ................................................................ 5

1.2 课题的任务及意义 .......................................................................................................... 6

第二章 系统设计方案............................................................................................................. 7

2.1 系统功能 ........................................................................................................................ 7

2.2 系统结构及资源分配 ....................................................................................................... 7

2.2.1 处理器 ..................................................................................................................... 8

2.2.2 车速调速电路 .......................................................................................................... 8

2.2.3 转向系统 ................................................................................................................. 8

2.2.4 按键与简单显示 ....................................................................................................... 8

2.2.5 温度采集 ................................................................................................................. 8

2.2.6 扩展显示 ................................................................................................................. 8

2.2.7 声音输出 ................................................................................................................. 8

2.2.8 与外部设备的通信接口 ............................................................................................ 8

2.2.9 外接扩展接口 .......................................................................................................... 9

第三章 详细设计................................................................................................................... 10

3.1 AT91SAM7S256芯片的选择 ........................................................................................ 10

3.1.1 AT91SAM7S256芯片的处理速度 .......................................................................... 10

3.1.2 AT91SAM7S256芯片的功能应用 .......................................................................... 10

3.1.3 AT91SAM7S256芯片的功耗 ................................................................................. 11

3.2 PWM技术的应用.......................................................................................................... 12

3.3 HD7289A数码管及键盘控制芯片的选择 ....................................................................... 13

3.3.1 HD7289A智能显示驱动芯片 ................................................................................. 13

3.3.2 HD7289A智能显示驱动芯片的符合小车的显示特点 .............................................. 14

3.3.3 小车的状态显示 ..................................................................................................... 14

3.4 温度采集 ...................................................................................................................... 16

3.4.1 温度传感器的必要性 .............................................................................................. 16