Advanced Manufacturing Technology先进制造技术姓名：学号：班级：授课教师：2012年5月23日浅谈先进制造技术On the Advanced Manufacturing Technology学号3092101414 班级；机械2094 姓名；许宏摘要；在传统制造的基础上，不断吸收机械、电子、信息、材料、能源和现代管理技术等方面的成果，将其综合应用于产品设计、制造、检测、管理、销售、使用、服务的制造全过程，以实现优质、高效、低耗、清洁、灵活生产关键词；高效精密、超精密加工技术，精密成型制造技术现代特种加工技术，敏捷制造、并行工程、柔性制造英文摘要；on the basis of the traditional manufacturing, constantly absorbing theoutcome of the machinery, electronics, information, materials, energy,and modern management techniques and other aspects of itscomprehensive applied to product design, manufacturing, testing,management , sales, use, service manufacturing process, in order toachieve high-quality, high efficiency, low consumption, clean, flexibleproduction, improve the general term of the dynamic and marketadaptability and competitiveness of manufacturing technologykey words；High precision, super precision machining technology, precision manufacturing technology，Modern special processing technology,agile manufacturing, concurrent engineering, flexiblemanufacturingAdvanced manufacturing technology AMT (Advanced Manufacturing Tecnology) on the basis of the traditional manufacturing, constantly absorbing the outcome of the machinery, electronics, information, materials, energy, and modern management techniques and other aspects of its comprehensive applied to product design, manufacturing, testing, management , sales, use, service manufacturing process, in order to achieve high-quality, high efficiency, low consumption, clean, flexible production, improve the general term of the dynamic and market adaptability and competitiveness of manufacturing technology, but also to achieve the desired technical and economic benefits manufacturing technology, the general term.The current financial crisis and perhaps the birth of a new state-of-the-art manufacturing manufacturing technology, particularly in the production management techniques. Advanced manufacturing technology is not just referring to the process of the process, but across multiple disciplines, including from product design, manufacturing, product sales, consumer services throughout the product lifecycle process for all relevant technologies, involving multiple areas of design, technology, process automation, management and special processing, and the gradual integration and integration. Can be basically grouped into the following four areas:An advanced engineering design techniques, advanced manufacturing technology Three, manufacturing automation technology, advanced production management, manufacturing philosophy and mode of productionV. Development.First，An advanced engineering design techniques Advanced engineering design techniques, including a large number of modern design theory and methods. Including CAD, CAE, CAPP, the CAT, the PDM, the modular design, DFX, optimize design, three design and robust design, innovative design, reverse engineering, collaborative product commerce, virtual reality technology, virtual prototyping, concurrent engineering.(1) Product (market, product and manufacturing process equipment (fixtures, tools, and the amount of check, etc.)) modern design.CAD (modeling, engineering analysis calculation, automatic drawing and digital product information, etc.), a comprehensive application of advanced design methods and concepts. Such as virtual design, optimize design, modular design, finite element analysis, dynamic design, ergonomic design, aesthetic design, green design, and so on;(2) advanced process planning and production technology to prepare the means.Information integration environment, using computer-aided process planning, CAPP, CNC machine tools, industrial robots, coordinate measuring machines and other various computer equipment of automatic control equipment, computer-aided work program design CAM.Second, advanced manufacturing technology(1) high-precision, ultra-precision processing technology, including precision,ultra-precision grinding, turning, fine processing technology, nano-processing technology. Ultra-high speed cutting. Precision processing generally refers to the processing accuracy in the 10 ~ 0.1μm (equivalent to the the IT5 level of accuracy and precision) IT5 level, the surface roughness Ra value less than 0.1μm processing methods, such as King Kong car, diamond boring, grinding, honing, super-fine research, abrasive belt grinding, mirror grinding and cold processing. For the processing of the key parts in the manufacturing of precision machine tools, precision measuring instruments, such as precision screw, precision gears, precision worm gear, precision rail, Precision Bearing, etc., in the current manufacturing industry occupies a very important position.Ultra-precision machining refers to the dimensional tolerances of the parts to bepr ocessed for the 0.1 ~ 0.01μm magnitude, surface roughness Ra value of the the0.001μm magnitude of processing methods.In addition, precision machining and special processing are generally computer-controlled automated processing.(2) precision molding manufacturing technology, including efficient, precise, clean casting, forging, stamping, welding and heat treatment and surface treatment technology.(3) special processing technology, including high-energy beam (laser beam and electron beam, ion beam) machining, electrochemical machining and EDM (molding and wirecutting) machining, ultrasonic machining, and processing of high-pressure water. EDM (Electrical discharge machining (EDM) EDM electric spark machining) refers to the medium, the processing of the workpiece by electric pulse discharge between the tool electrode and workpiece electrode erosion. Restrictions on the processing of material strength and hardness without any conductive material processing. Can be divided into EDM machining (EDM) and EDM wire cutting (EDM wire cutting electrical discharge wire - cutting - EDW)Two categories. General CNC control.(4) rapid prototyping manufacturing (RPM). Rapid prototyping technology is under computer control, based on the discrete accumulation principle in different ways accumulation of material to complete the final parts of the molding and manufacturing technology. Forming the angle of view, the parts can be regarded as a "point" or "face" superposition. Discrete model from the CAD electronic point of the surface of the geometric information, and then combined with the molding process parameter information, control materials regularly and accurately from point to plane, from the surface to the body to the accumulation of parts.(5) the development trend of advanced manufacturing technology1) the use of simulation technology to optimize the process design;2) forming precision to the development of nearly no margin direction;3) forming a quality development to the nearly-free direction of "defects";4) machined to ultra-sophisticated, ultra-high-speed direction of development;5) the new energy and composite processing, and solve the challenges of new materials processing and surface modification;6) The use of automation technology, optimization of process control;7) the use of cleaner energy and raw materials to achieve cleaner production;8) processing and design of the boundaries between the gradual talk of, and the trend of integration and integration;9) the technology and IT management technologies closely integrated, advanced manufacturing mode to obtain the continuous development.Third, manufacturing automation technology Sentence: computer-controlled automation technology(1) CNC technology and CNC machine tools; CNC machining technology in order to achieve the machine control automation requirements development. It refers to the numbers, letters and symbols of the code of the processing requirements, part dimensions and parameters, process steps, and by controlling the media, the input to the control device, after the computer for processing and calculation, and make all kinds of control signals and data, various parts of the machine automatically coordinated movement, automatic processing technology. Machine tools, CNC machining technology, known as the CNC machine tools. CNC machining of the main features are: high precision machined parts; high production efficiency; particularly suitable for machining complex shape of the contour surface; conducive to the realization of computer-aided manufacturing (excluding the technical level of the programmer) is relatively low; theoperator; initial investment, high processing costs. In addition, the CNC machine tools to mechanical and electrical integration of the technology-intensive products, the complexity and comprehensive CNC machining technology to increase the difficulty of the repair work, maintenance personnel and maintenance of equipment need to be equipped withhigh-quality.(2) industrial robots (for logistics and processing) and logistics equipment; industrial robot is a programmable intelligent automation equipment, highly automated system for the application of computer control of the alternative work. Recently, the robot used by the United Nations Organization for Standardization is defined as: "a repeated programming multi-function, used to move materials, parts, tools, operating machines". Unattended, the industrial robot can automatically according to the different trajectories of different sports to complete the action and a variety of tasks. The main difference of the robot and the robot is: robot autonomy, can not be reprogrammed, only the anchor the same simple repetitive movements; robot is controlled by a computer, can be reprogrammed to complete the arbitrary orientation of the complex movement.(3) flexible manufacturing system (FMC, FMS, FML): including processing equipment (CNC machine tools), test equipment, materials transport (industrial robots, automatic exchange of the tray (APC), automatic conveyor trolley (RGV, AGV), etc.) and storage devices (three-dimensional warehouse, etc.); number of flexible manufacturing system (FMS) is a new automated production equipment in the modern machinery manufacturing, which is developed to fill accounted for 70% of the machinery manufacturing small and medium volume production automation. It mainly includes a number of CNC machine tools and machining centers (or other directly participate in product parts production automation equipment), (including workpiece and tool) an automated material handling system is connected to the integrated management of distributed multi-level computer systems and control to adapt to the flexible processing of high-efficiency parts (or parts production). The so-called flexible part processing refers to the parts of both alternately processing system. The scope of application of the flexible manufacturing system is very broad, it is mainly to solve a single small-batch production automation and automated processing of the large number of multi-species. Its high flexibility, high quality, efficient and unified, with strong vitality in today's(4) Computer Integrated Manufacturing (CIM), and factory automation (FA). Computer Integrated Manufacturing System (CIMS) is a computer management systems, computer-aided design and manufacturing CAD / CAM and Flexible Manufacturing System FMS (there may be other production units) to form. CIMS is a perfect integration of the various subsystems of the production process, namely, engineering design, manufacturing, market analysis and other support functions reasonably organically through the computer network assembled a whole, in order to achieve the production of flexible, optimized automation and integrated, high efficiency, high-quality, low-cost and flexible production purposes.Fourth, advanced production and management technologies, manufacturing philosophy and modeof productionIncluding advanced manufacturing mode of production, integrated management techniques and organization of production methods.Computer-aided production managemomputer-controlled automation technologyent, research and application of advanced production management system and technology. Group technology, total quality management, lean production and JIT, agile manufacturing, concurrent engineering, flexible manufacturing, computer integrated manufacturing, virtual manufacturing, intelligent manufacturing, network manufacturing, green manufacturing, biotechnology manufacturing, reconfigurable manufacturing, MRP MRPII, ERP, SCM, and the CRM, Computer Aided Logistics Support (Computer Aided Logistic Support, CALS), e-commerce, knowledge management.Fifth, the development ofThe current development trend of advanced manufacturing technology to the following aspects:1, IT plays an increasingly important role in the development of advanced manufacturing technology2, the design technology modernizationThe product design is the soul of the manufacturing sector. The major trends of the modern design technology is:(1) computerized design toolsComputer calculation, drawing on the basis of the current highlights in the development of numerical simulation or virtual reality technology in design and modern modeling theory, and to the development of intelligent design direction.(2) new design ideas and methods emerging(3) to the full life cycle design and development(4) the design process by simply taking into account technical factors to consider technical, economic and social factorsThe design is not simply the pursuit of advanced and high and low for a performance indicator, but rather to consider the impact of the market, price, safety, aesthetics, resources, environment and other aspects.3, forming and improving the manufacturing technology to the development of precise, accurate, and less energy consumption, pollution-free directionForming manufacturing technology is the casting, plastic processing, connectivity, and powder metallurgy unit general term.4, processing and manufacturing technology toward the ultra-sophisticated, ultra-high speed and the development of a new generation of manufacturing equipment, the direction of5, process skills development for the engineering sciences, process simulation technology have developed rapidlyAn important development trends of advanced manufacturing technology, process design experience to judge to the quantitative analysis, and process skills development for the engineering sciences.Professional, interdisciplinary boundaries gradually fade and disappear7, green manufacturing will become an important feature of the 21st century manufacturingIncreasingly stringent environmental and resource constraints, green manufacturing is becoming increasingly important, it is an important feature of the manufacturing industry in the 21st century, accordingly, green manufacturing technology will also be rapid development. Mainly reflected in:(1) green product design technology, product life cycle to meet the environmental, human health, low energy consumption, resource utilization requirements.(2) green manufacturing technology throughout the manufacturing process, making the minimum negative impact on the environment of the minimum, waste and hazardous substances emissions, resource use efficiency maximum. Green manufacturing technology mainly includes three aspects of the green resources, green manufacturing processes and green products.(3) The product recovery and recycling of manufacturing cars and other products, for example, demolition and recycling, as well as eco-factory cycle manufacturing technology. It mainly includes the factory of production systems - committed to product design and material handling, processing and assembly stage, the recovery system plant - the end of the life cycle of products (materials used), material handling cycle.8, virtual reality technology to get more and more applications in manufacturingVirtual reality technology (Virtual Reality Technology) including the two parts of the virtual manufacturing and virtual enterprises.9, information technology, management techniques and technology closely integrated, advanced manufacturing mode to obtain the continuous development of manufacturing industry in experienced a few varieties of large quantities of small quantities - less variety - the transition of the more varieties of small batch production mode, 70 era, the 1980s began to use the computer integrated manufacturing system (CIMS) manufacture of flexible production mode, and gradually develop in the direction of Intelligent Manufacturing Technology (IMT) and the Intelligent Manufacturing Systems (IMS). Lean Production (LP), Agile Manufacturing (AM) and other advanced manufacturing mode appeared in succession, and expected the early 21st century, advanced manufacturing mode is bound to continue development.核心内容选取Third, manufacturing automation technology Sentence: computer-controlled automation technology(1) CNC technology and CNC machine tools; CNC machining technology in order to achieve the machine control automation requirements development. It refers to the numbers, letters and symbols of the code of the processing requirements, part dimensions and parameters, process steps, and by controlling the media, the input to the control device, after the computer for processing and calculation, and make all kinds of control signals and data, various parts of the machine automatically coordinated movement, automatic processing technology. Machine tools, CNC machining technology, known asthe CNC machine tools. CNC machining of the main features are: high precision machined parts; high production efficiency; particularly suitable for machining complex shape of the contour surface; conducive to the realization of computer-aided manufacturing (excluding the technical level of the programmer) is relatively low; the operator; initial investment, high processing costs. In addition, the CNC machine tools to mechanical and electrical integration of the technology-intensive products, the complexity and comprehensive CNC machining technology to increase the difficulty of the repair work, maintenance personnel and maintenance of equipment need to be equipped with high-quality.(2) industrial robots (for logistics and processing) and logistics equipment; industrial robot is a programmable intelligent automation equipment, highly automated system for the application of computer control of the alternative work. Recently, the robot used by the United Nations Organization for Standardization is defined as: "a repeated programming multi-function, used to move materials, parts, tools, operating machines". Unattended, the industrial robot can automatically according to the different trajectories of different sports to complete the action and a variety of tasks. The main difference of the robot and the robot is: robot autonomy, can not be reprogrammed, only the anchor the same simple repetitive movements; robot is controlled by a computer, can be reprogrammed to complete the arbitrary orientation of the complex movement.(3) flexible manufacturing system (FMC, FMS, FML): including processing equipment (CNC machine tools), test equipment, materials transport (industrial robots, automatic exchange of the tray (APC), automatic conveyor trolley (RGV, AGV), etc.) and storage devices (three-dimensional warehouse, etc.); number of flexible manufacturing system (FMS) is a new automated production equipment in the modern machinery manufacturing, which is developed to fill accounted for 70% of the machinery manufacturing small and medium volume production automation. It mainly includes a number of CNC machine tools and machining centers (or other directly participate in product parts production automation equipment), (including workpiece and tool) an automated material handling system is connected to the integrated management of distributed multi-level computer systems and control to adapt to the flexible processing of high-efficiency parts (or parts production). The so-called flexible part processing refers to the parts of both alternately processing system. The scope of application of the flexible manufacturing system is very broad, it is mainly to solve a single small-batch production automation and automated processing of the large number of multi-species. Its high flexibility, high quality, efficient and unified, with strong vitality in today's(4) Computer Integrated Manufacturing (CIM), and factory automation (FA). Computer Integrated Manufacturing System (CIMS) is a computer management systems, computer-aided design and manufacturing CAD / CAM and Flexible Manufacturing System FMS (there may be other production units) to form. CIMS is a perfect integration of the various subsystems of the production process, namely, engineering design, manufacturing, market analysis and other support functions reasonably organically through the computer network assembled a whole, in order to achieve the production of flexible, optimized automation and integrated, high efficiency, high-quality, low-cost andflexible production purposes.Main ReferencesEditor in chief of the Advanced Manufacturing Technology: Li Wei Machinery Industry Press, 2005.7The editor of advanced manufacturing systems: Daiqing Hui Machinery Industry Press, 2007.3Advanced manufacturing technology (English) Editor: Tang Yiping Science Press, 2002核心内容译文制造自动化技术（1）数控技术与数控机床；数控加工技术是为了实现机床控制自动化要求而发展的。
