状语从句4
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专题15 状语从句
在复合句中修饰主句或主句中的某一成分的从句叫状语从句。状语从句通常由从属连词或起连词作用的词组引导,有时甚至不需要连词直接和主句连接起来。状语从句根据它表达的意思不同,可分为时间、地点、原因、目的、结果、条件、方式、比较、让步等九类。
一、 时间状语从句
时间状语从句是表示时间关系的从句。可以引导时间状语从句的连词很多,根据意义和主从句之间的时间关系,通常可分为以下几种情况:
A. when, while, as, whenever
when, while, as表示主句谓语作和从句的谓语动作同时发生或几乎同时发生。
1.when
①when表示点时间时,从句中用短暂性动词;表示段时间时,用持续性动词。
When I got home, my family were already having dinner.
我到家的时候,全家已在吃晚饭。
(when表示点时间)
When they were still talking and laughing, the teacher came in.
当他们还在说笑的时候,老师进来了。(when表示段时间)
He waved ahello when he saw her.
当他看见她的时候,就挥手打了个招呼。(when表示点时间)
When you think you know nothing, you begin to know something.
当你认为自己一无所知的时候,就开始知道一些事情了。(when表示段时间)
注意:
当when意思是正当……时候(and at that moment)时,when只能跟在前一分句之后。
He was about to go to bed when the doorbel rang.
他正要上床,忽然门铃响了。
They were watching the World Cup when suddenly the lights went out.
语法复习六:状语从句
由从句担任的状语,在句⼦中可修饰谓语(或其它动词)、形容词、副词或是整个句⼦,它可以⽤来表⽰时间、地点、原因、
⽬的、结果、条件、⽅式、⽐较、让步等。状语从句是⼀较⼤的语法项⽬,也是近⼏年⾼考题中常见的⼀个重要试点。⾼考中
已考查了时间、让步、地点、条件、⽬的等状语从句,这些从句仍是今后⾼考热点,应作充分准备。同时对⽅式状语从句也应
引起重视。
(⼀)时间状语从句
表⽰时间的状语从句可由when, as, while, whenever, after, before, till (until), since, once, as soon as (或the moment ), by thetime, no sooner … than, hardly (scarcely) … when, every time等引导。
e.g. When I came into the office, the teachers were having a meeting.
He started as soon as he received the news.
Once you see him, you will never forget him.
No sooner had I gone to bed than I went to sleep.
(⼆)原因状语从句
原因状语从句是表⽰原因或理由的,引导这类从句的最常⽤的连词是because, since, as , now that(既然)等,for 表⽰因果
关系时(它引导的不是从句)为并列连词,语⽓不如because强。
e.g. He is disappointed because he didn't get the position.
As it is raining, I will not go out.
Now that you mention it, I do remember.
英语八类状语从句的用法归纳
一、概说
状语从句即指在主从复合句用作状语的从句。按照其意义,状语从句可分为时间状语从句、地点状语从句、原因状语从句、目的状语从句、结果状语从句、条件状语从句、让步状语从句等。状语从句是高中英语学习中的一个语法重点,也是历年高考重点考查的内容之一。学习状语从句主要应注意引导状语从句的从属连词的用法与区别,以及从属连词在一定的语言环境中的意义与用法。
二、时间状语从句
1. 引导时间状语从句的从属连词很多,常见的有before, after, when, while, as, since, till, until, as soon as 等。
2. 表示“当…时候”的 while, when, as 的用法区别是:while从句中的谓语动词必须是延续性动词;表示带有规律性的“每当”或当主、从句谓语动词的动作发生有先后时,只能用 when;当表示“一边…一边…”或“随着”时,只能用 as。另外,用于此义的 as 所引导的时间状语从句谓语只能是动作动词,不能是状态动词。如下面一道高考题的答案是 B 而不能是A:
“I’m going to the post office.” “_____ you’re there, can you get me some stamps?”
A. As B. While C. Because D. If
3. until 在肯定句中通常只连用延续性动词,表示相应动作结束的时间;在否定句中通常连用非延续性动词,表示相应动作开始的时间,意为“直到…才”。如:
He waited until she was about to leave. 他等着一直到她准备离开。
I did not begin to work till he had gone. 他走了后我才开始工作。
4. 表示“一…就”除用 as soon as 外,还可用 the minute, the second, the instant, immediately, directly, instantly, no sooner…than, hardly…when 等。如:
第四讲状语从句
一、明备考方向
语法填空常考点 短文改错常考点 写作常用句式
1.when, while, as引导时间状语从句的区别;
2.名词词组the minute, the
moment, the first time, each time,
any time等用作连词,引导的时间状语从句;
3.before和since引导时间状语从句的用法以及常见的几个句型;
4.till和until的用法;
5.although, though, as以及even
if, even though引导让步状语从句的用法;
6.结果状语从句中“so ...that”与“such ...that”的区别;
7.条件状语从句unless,
providing/provided,
suppose/supposing等引导词的用法;
8.“疑问词+ever”和“no matter+疑问词”引导从句的用法; 1.if与although/though的误用;
2.unless与until的误用;
3.when与until的误用;
4.when与since的误用;
5.although/though与because的误用;
6.although/though与but的误用;
7.after与while/when的误用;
8.since与though/although的误用;
9.after与since的误用;
10.when与where的误用。 1.表示“一……就……”的句式
(1)the moment/the
minute/the instant ...,+主句
(2)no sooner ...
than .../hardly ...when ...
(3)as soon as ...+主句
2.not ... until ...“直到……才……”
3.It will be/was+一段时间+before ...“过……(时间)才……”