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新标准英语综合教程2课文翻译LTHow Empathy UnfoldsThe moment Hope, just ninemonths old, saw another baby fall, tears welled up inher own eyes and she crawled off to be comforted by her mother, as though it were she who had beenhurt. And 15-month-old Michael went to get his own teddy bearfor his crying friend Paul; whenPaul kept crying, Michael retrieved Paul's security blanket for him.霍普才九个月大，一见到另一个婴儿摔倒，泪水就涌了出来。
她爬到妈妈身边寻求安慰，就好像是她自己摔疼了。
15个月大的迈克尔去把自己的玩具熊拿来给正在大哭的朋友保罗；保罗不停地大哭的时候，迈克尔替保罗捡回他的安乐毯。
Both these small acts of sympathy and caring were observed by mothers trained to record such incidents of empathy in action. The results ofthe study suggest that the roots of empathy can be traced to infancy.Virtually from the day they are born infants are upset when they hear another infant crying –a response some see as the earliest precursor of empathy.这些小小的表示同情和关爱的举动都是接受过记录同感行为训练的母亲们观察到的。
How empathy unfolds同感是怎样表露的1 The moment Hope, just nine months old, saw another baby fall, tears welled up in her own eyes and she crawled off to be comforted by her mother, as though it were she who had been hurt. And 15-month-old Michael went to get his own teddy bear for his crying friend Paul; when Paul kept crying, Michael retrieved Paul's security blanket for him. Both these small acts of sympathy and caring were observed by mothers trained to record such incidents of empathy in action. The results of the study suggest that the roots of empathy can be traced to infancy. Virtually from the day they are born infants are upset when they hear another infant crying – a response some see as the earliest precursor of empathy.霍普才九个月大，一见到另一个婴儿摔倒，泪水就涌了出来。
她爬到妈妈身边寻求安慰，就好像是她自己摔疼了。
15个月大的迈克尔把自己的玩具熊拿来给正在大哭的朋友保罗；保罗不停地大哭的时候，迈克尔替保罗捡回他的安乐毯。
How empathy unfolds同感是怎样表露的1 The moment Hope, just nine months old, saw another baby fall, tears welled up in her own eyes and she crawled off to be comforted by her mother, as though it were she who had been hurt. And 15-month-old Michael went to get his own teddy bear for his crying friend Paul; when Paul kept crying, Michael retrieved Paul's security blanket for him. Both these small acts of sympathy and caring were observed by mothers trained to record such incidents of empathy in action. The results of the study suggest that the roots of empathy can be traced to infancy. Virtually from the day they are born infants are upset when they hear another infant crying – a response some see as the earliest precursor of empathy.霍普才九个月大，一见到另一个婴儿摔倒，泪水就涌了出来。
她爬到妈妈身边寻求安慰，就好像是她自己摔疼了。
15个月大的迈克尔把自己的玩具熊拿来给正在大哭的朋友保罗；保罗不停地大哭的时候，迈克尔替保罗捡回他的安乐毯。
Unit 5 第二十二条军规《第二十二条军规》是上个世纪最著名的小说之一。
故事发生在第二次世界大战期间地中海一座小岛上的美军基地里。
虽然流血和破坏的场景揭示了一些战争的恐怖，但它并非传统意义上的战争小说。
没有英雄或英雄行为，敌人并不真是德国人（在故事中并未出现），而是能置你于死地的任何人——包括你自己的长官。
《第二十二条军规》主要是一部滑稽小说，其主要人物，一名叫约萨里安的飞行员，只有一个目标——活到战争结束，然后回家。
他以为通过装疯就能做到这一点。
那是个粗鲁的玩笑，可是达尼卡大夫并没有笑，直到约萨里安又执行了一次任务之后，再次来求他要求停飞——尽管这没有任何指望。
达尼卡大夫窃笑了一下，很快又沉浸到他自己的麻烦中去了，这包括怀特•哈夫特指挥官那天早上一直在向他挑战，要和他比印度式摔跤，而约萨里安则恰恰在彼时彼地决定要发疯。
“你这是在浪费时间，”达尼卡大夫不得不告诉他。
“你难道不能让疯子停飞吗？”“哦，当然。
我必须。
有一条军规说我必须让疯子停飞。
”“那你为什么不让我停飞？我疯了。
问问克莱温格去。
”“克莱温格？克莱温格在哪儿？你把克莱温格找来我就问他。
”“那就随便问谁吧。
他们会告诉你我有多疯。
”“他们疯了。
”“那你为什么不让他们停飞？”“他们为什么不要求我让他们停飞？”“因为他们疯了，这就是为什么。
”“他们当然疯了，”达尼卡大夫回答。
“我刚才告诉你他们疯了，不是吗？你不能让疯子来断定你是否疯了，对吧？”约萨里安冷静地看着他，换一种方法说。
“奥尔疯了吗？”“他肯定疯了，”达尼卡大夫说。
“你能让他停飞吗？”“我当然能。
不过他得先请求我。
这是军规的一部分。
”“那他为什么不请求你？”“因为他疯了，” 达尼卡大夫说。
“要在无数次死里逃生之后还坚持执行战斗飞行任务，他一定是疯了。
当然，我能让奥尔停飞。
不过他得先请求我。
”“他要想停飞就只需做这些吗？”“就这些。
让他请求我吧。
”“那你就可以让他停飞了？”约萨里安问。
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Games people play in the US美国人参加的运动In America, different sports attract different people. Not everyone likes the same sports, and most people would agree that there isn't a single national sport, but three: baseball, football, and basketball.在美国，不同的运动吸引着不同的人群，并不是所有的人都喜爱同一种运动，但大多数人会同意，美国全国性的运动不是一个而是三个：棒球、橄榄球和篮球。
Baseball as a spectator sport is a truly relaxed and leisurely activity. It's not an intense game full of action, but one which was born in a slower, more peaceful age. For a few hours, it can seem that the most important thing in a fan's life is to watch the players discuss their tactics, spring to life with sudden bursts of activity, and then return to a state of play which uses less energy.作为一种观赏运动，棒球真的是一种放松、悠闲的活动。
它并不是动感十足的剧烈运动，而是诞生在生活节奏比较缓慢、比较太平的年代的一项运动。
在几个小时里，球迷生活中最重要的事情似乎是看球员如何商量战术，如何突然发力，轮番攻防，然后又回到不太费力的玩耍状态。
新标准大学英语综合教程2课后参考翻译第一单元课后翻译：现在中国大学生参加志愿活动已成为常态。
他们到社区为老年人服务，到山区助学，举办爱心捐赠活动,或到世博会（World Expo）或奥运会等重要国际活动担任志愿者.参加志愿活动有助于学生获取专业技能,丰富社会经验，提高道德水平。
多数大学生都认为参与志愿服务是自己应尽的社会责任和义务，希望能做一些有意义的事情来回报社会，积极推动社会和谐发展。
Volunteering has now become the norm for college students in China. The volunteers may provide community services for senior citizens，support students in mountain areas in education, organize fundraising activities to help those in need，or work for major international projects such as the World Expo and the Olympic Games。
Doing volunteer work is a useful way for students to enhance their professional skills and social experience as well as promoting their moral development. The majority of college students believe that it is their duty and obligation to participate in volunteer activities. They hope that they can do something meaningful and promote the development of social harmony.第二单元课后翻译：“不以物喜，不以己悲"出自北宋文学家范仲淹的名著《岳阳楼记》,意思是凡事都要以一颗平常心看待，不因外部事物的好坏和自己的得失而或喜或悲。
Red Cross, Red Crescent红十字，红新月In the summer of 1859 a Swiss businessman, Henri Durant, was travelling in Italy. At the time, a war was in progress between the French and the Austrians, and by chance Durant arrived at the scene of its bloodiest battle, near the small town of Solferino. He found 40,000 dead or dying soldiers on the battlefield, and no one to care for the wounded. Durant was overwhelmed and horrified by the sight, but he managed to persuade local people to help him, and organized an emergency service for the wounded from both armies, without discriminating between them. 1859年夏，一位名叫亨利·杜兰特的瑞士商人正在意大利旅行，那时法国和奥地利正在交战，杜兰特碰巧来到了最血腥的战斗现场，那是索尔伏里诺小镇附近的一个地方。
他在战场上发现了四万名已经阵亡或生命垂危的士兵，没有人照料伤员。
杜兰特被眼前的景象惊呆了，他成功地说服了当地人帮他为交战双方的伤员组织紧急救护，对双方士兵一视同仁。
When he returned to Switzerland he wrote a book, calling for an international treaty to guarantee the protection and safety of wounded soldiers and people trying to assist them, and the creation of a voluntary organization which could provide emergency relief in wartime. This led to the signing of the Geneva Convention, which gives rights to prisoners in international conflicts, and the setting up of the first branch of the Red Cross: A red cross on a white background was chosen as a symbol of the organization because it reversed the colours of the Swiss national flag.回到瑞士之后他写了一本书，呼吁订立国际条约，保护伤兵及救护人员并保证他们的安全，并成立一个志愿组织，在战时为伤员提供紧急救助。
My dream comes true梦想成真1 The rain had started to fall gently through the evening air as darkness descended over Sydney. Hundreds of lights illuminated Stadium Australia, and the noise was deafening. As I walked towards the track I glanced around me at the sea of faces in the stands, but my mind was focused. The Olympic gold medal was just minutes away, hanging tantalisingly in the distance.当夜幕降临悉尼时，雨也开始悄悄地从夜空中飘落。
几百盏灯把澳大利亚体育场照得灯火通明，场内的声音震耳欲聋。
走向跑道时我看了一眼四周看台上无数的脸，但我的注意力还是很集中。
再过几分钟奥运金牌的归属就要见分晓了，它悬挂在远处，很诱人。
2 My heart was beating loudly, my mouth was dry and the adrenaline was pumping. I was so close to the realisation of my childhood dream and the feeling was fantastic; it was completely exhilarating, but also terrifying. I knew I would have to push myself beyond my known limits to ensure that my dream came true.我的心在剧烈地跳动，口干舌燥，肾上腺素猛增。
童年的梦想就要实现了，这种感觉真是太奇妙了;令人非常兴奋，又胆战心惊。
我知道，为了确保能梦想成真我必须强迫自己超越已知的极限。
3 I tried to keep composed, telling myself not to panic, to stick to the plan and run my own race. I knew the Russian girls would set off quickly –and I had to finish this race fewer than ten seconds behind the Russian athlete Yelena Prokhorova. If I could do that, the title would be mine.我极力保持镇静，告诫自己不要紧张，要坚持按原计划做，按自己的节奏跑。
我知道那些俄罗斯姑娘起跑很快——这场比赛我落后俄罗斯运动员叶莲娜·普罗科霍洛娃不能超过十秒。
如果我做到这一点，冠军就是我的了。
4 I looked out along the first stretch of the 400m track and caught my breath. The 800m race had punished me so much over the years – in the World, Commonwealth and European Championships – and now it stood between me and the Olympic title.我望着四百米跑道的起跑点，屏住了呼吸。
这些年来，在世锦赛、英联邦锦标赛以及欧洲锦标赛的八百米赛跑中我屡战屡败，饱受挫折。
现在，它再次横在我与奥运冠军头衔之间。
5 The British supporters were cheering so loudly it seemed as if they were the only fans there. I could hear my name being called. I could hear the shouts of encouragement and the cries of hope. Union Jacks fluttered all around the vast, beautiful stadium. I felt unified with the crowd – we all had the same vision and the same dream.我的英国支持者在为我欢呼，声音特别大，就好像看台上的观赛者只有他们一样。
我听到他们喊我的名字，为我鼓劲加油，听到他们充满希望的呐喊。
宽阔美丽的体育场上到处飘扬着大不列颠联合王国的国旗，我感觉自己和观众融为了一体：我们有着同样的期盼，同样的梦想。
6 My ankle was bandaged against an injury I had incurred in the long jump just a couple of hours earlier, but I shut out all thoughts of pain. I tried to concentrate on the crowd. They were so vocal. My spirits lifted and I felt composed.几个小时前，我的脚踝在跳远时受了伤，缠上了绷带，但是我忘掉伤痛，尽量把注意力集中在观众身上。
他们的叫喊声势浩大，使我精神振奋，我感到镇定自若。
7 I knew I would do my best, that I would run my heart out and finish the race. I felt the performer in me move in and take over. I had just two laps to run, that was all. Just two laps until the emotional and physical strain of the past two days and the last 28 years would be eclipsed by victory or failure. This race was all about survival. It's only two minutes, I kept telling myself, anyone can run for two minutes.我知道自己会全力以赴，拼尽全力跑完全程。
我感觉自己已经进入最佳状态。
我只要跑两圈就行了，就两圈。
跑完这两圈，过去两天以及28年来所有情感和身体上的辛苦付出就将被胜利或者失败所淹没。
这一跑真是生死攸关。
我不断地告诉自己：也就是跑两分钟，谁都能跑两分钟。
8 The starting gun was fired, and the race began. The first lap was good, I managed to keep up with the group, but I was feeling much more tired than I usually did, and much more than I'd anticipated. Both the long, hard weeks of training that had led up to this championship, and the exhaustion from two days of gruelling competition were showing in my performance. Mental and physical fatigue were starting to crush me, and I had to fight back.发令枪响了，比赛正式开始。
第一圈还好，我跟其他人跑得一样快，但我觉得比平时要累得多，比我预想的要累得多。
这次赛前长达数周的艰苦训练以及这两天激烈的比赛所带来的疲劳在我的赛跑过程中显现出来。
精神和肉体的疲倦开始向我袭来，我不得不反击。
9 Prokhorova had set the pace from the start. It was important that I didn't let her get too far in front. I had to stay with her. At the bell I was seconds behind her. Just one lap to go. One lap. I could do it. I had to keep going. In the final 150 metres I could hear the roar of the crowd, giving me a boost at exactly the moment I needed it the most –just when my legs were burning and I could see the gap opening between me and the Russian. Thankfully, my foot was holding out, so now it was all down to mental stamina.普罗科霍洛娃一开始就领先。
最重要的是我不能被她甩得太远，我得紧紧地跟着她。
最后一圈的铃声响起时，我比她落后秒。
只剩一圈了，就一圈，我能赢，我必须坚持跑下去。
到最后150米的时候我听见观众高声叫喊，在我最需要的时候为我加油助威——这时我的腿疼得要命，我看见我和那个俄罗斯运动员之间距离正在拉大。
令人欣慰的是，我的脚还在继续向前迈步，这时候就全靠精神毅力来支撑了。
10 Prokhorova was pulling away. I couldn't let her get too far; I had to stay with her. I began counting down the metres I had left to run: 60 m, 50 m, 40 m, 20 m.I could see the clock. I could do it, but it would be close. Then finally the lineappeared. I crossed it, exhausted. I had finished.普罗科霍洛娃正在向前冲，我不能让她甩开了，我必须跟上她。
