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高中英语语法系列――形容词和副词[知识梳理]一、形容词的概念与用法形容词(adjective)用以修饰名词,表示人或事物的特征。
它可在句中充当定语,修饰名词、代词;可以作表语或宾(主)语的补足语,表示主语或宾语的状态、特征;有时也可以作状语。
如:This is a beautiful school.这是一所美丽的学校。
(作定语,修饰名词school)I have something important to tell you.我有些重要的事要告诉你们。
(作定语,修饰不定代词something)Our school is beautiful.我们学校很美丽。
(作表语)We’ll make our school more beautiful.我们要使我们的学校更美丽。
(作宾补)Our school will be made more beautiful.我们的学校将会变得更美丽。
(作主补)He got home late that night, hungry and tired.那天晚上他很迟才回来,又累又饿。
(作状语)二、副词的概念与用法副词(adverb)用以修饰动词、形容词或其它副词。
它在句中主要作状语,个别副词也可作表语、定语、或宾(主)语补足语。
He studies hard.他学习很努力。
(作状语,修饰动词)I’m terribly sorry for being late. 非常抱歉,我迟到了。
(作状语,修饰形容词)This coat fits him very well.这件上衣他穿着很合适。
(作状语,修饰副词)The people here are kind to us.这里的人对我们很好。
(作定语,修饰The people)When will you be back? 你什么时候回来?(作表语)三、形容词与副词的转换有的形容词加上ly后可转换成副词,规则如下:注意:friendly, motherly, lovely等词虽然以ly结尾,但不是副词,而是形容词。
英语语法——形容词与副词来源：普特英语形容词1.1 什么是形容词形容词(adjective)是修饰名词表示名词属性的词，常放在它所修饰的名词之前。
如：a lovely baby一个可爱的婴儿the beautiful picture那幅美丽的图画modern history现代历史1.2 形容词的用法形容词在句中可用作：1)定语He is a good boy.他是个好孩子。
The Chinese Communist Party is a great party.中国共产党是伟大的党。
2)表语The film is both moving and instructive.这部电影很感动人，而且富有教育意义。
I am very glad to see you.见到你很高兴。
3)宾语补足语和宾语一起构成复合宾语。
如：Have you got everything ready for the journey? 你行装都准备好了吗?We keep our rooms clean and tidy.我们经常保持房间的整洁。
4)相当于名词某些形容词前用定冠词the，变成名词化的形容词，可在句中作主语、宾语等。
如：The young are active.青年人积极好动。
(the young作主语)The blind can learn to read with their fingertips. 盲人能够用指尖学习阅读书籍。
(the blind作主语)He has a keen sense of the new.他对新鲜事物有敏锐的感觉。
(the new作宾语)[注一]上述三例中的the young = the young people，the blind the Blind people，the new the new things.[注二]在The sun rose red(旭日升起)中的形容词red和Don't marry young(不要早婚)中的形容词young都是主语补足语。
专项训练形容词副词1.Don't laugh at her. She is any of the others in your class.A. as clever a student asB. as a clever student asC. so clever a student asD. so a clever student like2.Mum, this T-shirt is much too small for me. Would you buy me a one?A. niceB. largeC. nicerD. larger3.She always does her homework than her brother.A. more carefulB. carefulC. more carefullyD. carefully4.the government's efforts, our life is becoming better and better.A. Instead ofB. In memory ofC. According toD. Thanks to5.— Who's the man black? —Oh, he's a famous pop singer.A. inB. onC. with6.You can improve your English reading more.A. inB. withC. byD. of7.I study for a test working with a group.A. inB. byC. atD. to8.The 29th Olympic Games is coming soon. It will start August 8, in Beijing.A. atB. inC. onD. for9.This kind of machine is made America, but it can also be made Chinese.A. in; byB. by; inC. in; ofD. by; for10.My uncle is a football fan, he often all night to watch the games on TV.A. wakes upB. gets upC. stays upD. makes up11.— How are you going to the Summer Palace? —We're going there bike.A. forB. atC. ofD. by12.It's important the piano well.A. of him to playB. for him to playC. of him playingD. for him playing13.the bad weather, the swimming match had been put off.A. BecauseB. Thanks toC. With the help of14.We live now because we have changed the way we live.A. longB. longerC. the longestD. short15.— How will your father come back?— In a week. A. long B. far C. often D. soon16.We are going to have a party next week.A. sometimeB. some timeC. sometimesD. some times17.— What color is your mother's scarf?— It is . A. kind B. black C. nice18.The trees in the forest can keep rain drops from hitting the soil directly, so the soil is not washed away.A. easyB. easilyC. hardD. hardly19.— Can you communicate in English? —Sorry, I can't. I know English.A. well, a littleB. good, littleC. good, a littleD. well, little20.— Can you catch what the teacher said in the English class? —Sorry, I can understand it.A. hardlyB. almostC. nearlyD. never21.— I am not sure which tie to wear for the party. —God! I have no idea, .A. tooB. neitherC. eitherD. also22.The meat has been kept in the bag for several days without being frozen. It smells now.A. worseB. worstC. badD. badly23.Of the attendants, I'd like to accept Tom because of his bad working records.A. firstB. bestC. lastD. only24.An extra 10% was added to the restaurant bill for . A. shock B. shoot C. shapeD. service25.— What's wrong with your daughters ? — She can't see things clearly.A. eyesB. earsC. nose26. After Feng Xiaogang had made his last film, he invited some experts to on his film again.A. combineB. comment'C. commitmentD. contribute27.— How did you get to New York? — By . A. station B. stone: C. strawberry D. subway28.Over the years, hundreds of students have returned to their homeland.A. abroadB. outdoorC. overseasD. indoor29.— Can you get a piano for me, dear?— But there isn't enough for it in our house.A. placeB. floorC. roomD. ground30.Look! The are watering flowers. A. man B. woman C. boy D. children31.I'm a little hungry. Could you please give some ? A. costumes B. water C. cottonD. cookies32.will make a trip around the world during the coming Christmas.A. The SmithsB. The Smith'sC. The SmithesD. The Smithes'专练（五）1.同级比较用 as...+as...+%2C+清除 C、 D；as 修饰形容词，放在前面。
外研版英语中考语法专项形容词与副词形容词常见考点记忆导图语法精讲一、形容词的用法二、形容词比较等级三、形容词比较等级的基本句型副词语法精讲续表实战演练一、用方框中所给词的适当形式填空，每词限用一次1. （温州市龙湾区模拟）—Wow, what nice tomatoes!Would you please sell me some?—Sorry, I grow them______________ for the use of my family. But I can give you some if you like.2. （绍兴中考）It was______________ one o’clock, but she still didn’t show up.3. （南京）Helen treats her students in a______________ and understanding way.4. （连云港）I’m sorry. I______________ forgot that it was your birthday yesterday.5. （宁波）This kind of silk feels much______________ than that one.6. —I think winter is a beautiful season,______________ when it snows.—Me, too.7. （宿迁）—Shall we go outside and breathe some______________ air?—Good ideas.二、用所给词的适当形式填空1. The more fruit and vegetables you eat, the______________（healthy）you will be.2. My time in the middle school was one of______________（exciting）periods of my life.3. Many students are______________ （happy）with too much homework. They need more time for their hobbies.4. —Why are you looking______________ （sleep）in class all day?—Because I can’t finish my homework until eleven every night.5. The leaders believed______________ （strong）that the purpose of the program was to give young overseas Chinese a chance to learn more about themselves.6. Wei Fang is very young, but she draws as______________（good）as her brother.7. Jane listens______________ （careful）in her class.参考答案第29课形容词与副词实战演练一、1. mainly 2. nearly 3. patient 4. completely 5. softer6. especially7. fresh二、1. healthier 2. the most exciting 3. unhappy 4. sleepy5. strongly6. well7. （the）most carefully。
教学内容形容词和副词知识结构形容词一、形容词的定义形容词是描述人或事物的特征、性质、属性及状态的一种词类，主要用来修饰名词或代词。
二、形容词的句法功能成分说明例句作定语一般放在所修饰词的前面It’s a cold and windy day today. 今天是个寒冷、有风的天气。
1）表示发生时间的副词：►It’s beginning to rain now! 现在开始下雨了！2）表示频繁程度的副词，也称频度副词always, often, usually, sometimes, never, ever, hardly等一般位于系动词、情态动词和助动词之后，实义动词之前。
►She often changes her mind. 她常改变主意。
3）还有一些其他表示时间的副词：►He has just had an operation. 他刚动过手术。
2. 地点副词：here, there, out, somewhere, abroad, home1）有不少表示地点的副词：►She is studying abroad. 她在国外留学。
2）还有一些部分与介词同形的副词。
它们与介词同形，后跟宾语的是介词，否则是副词：①用作介词：Stand up!起立！①用作副词：A cat climbed up the tree. 猫爬上了树。
3）以where构成的副词也是地点副词：It’s the same everywhere. 到处都一样。
3. 方式副词：well, fast, slowly, carefully, quickly1）英语中有大量方式副词，说明行为方式（回答how的问题）：►How beautifully your wife dances. 你夫人舞跳得真美。
2）还有相当多的副词，表示某些情绪：►She smiled gratefully. 她感激的笑了笑。
3）还有一些以-ly结尾的副词，表示动作发生的状况：►He left the town secretly. 他悄然离开了这座城市。
备战2023年中考英语一轮复习语法知识+语篇能力双清(通用版)形容词和副词1I. 形容词1.形容词的位置：形容词作定语通常前置，但在下列情况下后置熟记口诀就可以顺利解题：限定描绘大长高，形状年龄和新老，颜色国籍跟材料，作用类别往后靠。
规则：限定语（The、A）+ 描绘性形容词+ size（小）+ shape（形状）+ age（年龄、时间）+ color（颜色）+ origin（国籍、来源）+ material（材料）+ purpose（目的）+ 名词。
▲This ________ girl is Linda’s cousin. (05北京卷)A. pretty little SpanishB. Spanish little prettyC. Spanish pretty littleD. little pretty Spanish2.复合形容词的构成As he looked at the goat, it rolled over, dead. 当他看着山羊的时候，山羊翻了个身，死了。
Afraid of difficulties, they prefer to take the easy road.由于害怕困难，他们宁愿走好走的路。
II.副词的分类：形容词和副词的比较等级分为原级，比较级和最高级。
比较级和最高级的构成一般是在形容词和副词后加-er和-est，多音节和一些双音节词前加more 和most。
any, a great deal ；2. 表示“最高程度“的形容词没有最高级和比较级。
如：favourite, excellent, extreme, perfect ，superior,junior 等。
3.一、单项选择1．— Which do you like better, math or physics?—Both of them are my favorite subjects. I think math is as _________ as physics.A ．interestingB ．more interestingC ．less interestingD ．most interesting 2．—What’s the second ________ river in China?—The Yellow River.知识强化2A．longer B．the longer C．longest D．the longest 3．—Good news! The Chinese women football team came first in the 2022 Asian Cup. —Exactly. The final is ________ one I have ever seen.A．a less amazing B．the most amazing C．a more amazing D．the least amazing 4．Most people don’t like eating lemons because they taste ________.A．lovely B．sweet C．delicious D．sour5．Of the two math problems, Jacky worked out the ________ one. He gave up the difficult one. A．more difficult B．most difficult C．easier D．easiest6．—It will be ________ this afternoon.—Well, we’d better take an umbrella, or we will get wet.A．rainy B．cloudy C．windy D．sunny7．— This song seems ________ these days. It was played everywhere when it came out. —That’s true. We seldom hear it now.A．popular B．more popular C．less popular D．the most popular 8．Katie is ________ of the three girls in her family.A．young B．younger C．the younger D．the youngest 9．Leo likes speed skating and he thinks it’s _________ ev ent at the Beijing Winter Olympics. A．exciting B．more excitingC．most exciting D．the most exciting10．—Are you going to ride your bike to the beach?—Yes. It’s ________ of all.A．convenient B．more convenient C．most convenient D．the most convenient 11．After taking tennis classes, Tim is much ________ than last year.A．strong B．stronger C．strongest D．the strongest 12．Today is much ________ than yesterday. Nice!A．cool B．cooler C．coolest D．the coolest 13．An old man ________ on the side of the road was found ________, and he was sent to the hospital by the bus driver and passengers immediately.A．lies; dies B．lay; died C．lain; dead D．lying; dying 14．— Uncle Wang, could you tell me the secret of your good health?— In my view, ______ vegetables and ______ meat.A．less; less B．more; more C．more; less D．less; more 15．Making robots is one of ________ activities among students. Each of them has his own robot. A．more popular B．the most popular C．more difficult D．the most difficult 16．________ you are, ________ mistakes you will make in the exam.A．The more carefully; the fewerB．The more careful; the fewerC．The less careless; the less17．—Coffee or tea, Frank?—Coffee, please. To get relaxed, ________ is better than a cup of coffee.A．nothing B．anything C．something D．everything 18．Oh, she smiles! She nods! She understands! We’ve got ________ dog in the world.A．a cleverer B．the cleverest C．a shyer D．the shyest 19．Travelling by train is slower than by plane. But it’s ________ than by plane. A．interesting B．less interesting C．more interesting D．most interesting 20．The earlier we take action to protect our environment, the ________ it will be for our future. A．better B．best C．worse D．worst21．Our school life has become ________ than before because of all kinds of after-school activities.A．colorful B．colorfully C．more colorful D．the most colorful 22．—Jessica, it’s raining ________ outside.—Oh, you should be ________ when you drive to work.A．hard; careful B．hardly; careful C．hard; carefully D．hardly; carefully 23．With a high-speed train station built in Luzhou, it is much ________ for us to travel to Chengdu.A．easier B．easilier C．more easy D．more easily 24．The old man lives ________, but he doesn’t feel ________.A．lonely; alone B．alone; alone C．alone; lonely D．lonely; lonely 25．—Do you want to buy the chair?—No. I want to buy a bigger one because it may be much ________.A．quicker B．more comfortable C．more comfortably D．more quickly 26．Credit cards （信用卡）matter a lot ________ than before. We usually pay with smart phones now.A．little B．fewer C．less D．more27．I think there’s no need to buy such an expensive coat for a kid. I’d like a ________ one. A．cheap B．cheaper C．cheapest D．lower28．Elsa has ________ rice than Daniel.A．few B．fewer C．little D．less29．Now people can send messages with their voices. It is ________ than using a keyboard. A．fast B．faster C．fastest D．the fastest30．— Do you know that Tom is one of ______ students in his class?—Yes, I do. He’s as ______ as my brother.A．the tallest；taller B．tallest；taller C．the tallest；tall D．tallest；tall 31．Zhao Chen ran ________ of all the students at the sports meeting.A．fast B．faster C．fastest D．less fast 32．Although Lingling studies online at home, she studies ________ than before.A．hard B．harder C．hardest D．the hardest 33．People should ________ pick up the rubbish whenever they see it.A．never B．seldom C．sometimes D．always 34．—Bill, I planned to give you the card on Saturday, but I ________ forgot.—That’s OK. I won’t use it until next weekend.A．completely B．recently C．quietly D．clearly35．Tina gets up early every morning, so she is ________ late for school.A．often B．always C．usually D．never36．Why does John act so ________? Look, he’s speaking faster, his face becomes redder and you can almost see fire in his eyes.A．happily B．angrily C．calmly D．sadly37．Andy doesn’t like junk food at all, so she ________ eats it.A．often B．sometimes C．usually D．never38．Amy did very well in her report. She is ________ to pay attention to every detail. A．enough careful B．careful enough C．enough careless D．careless enough 39．Although he failed many times, he ________ gave up his dream.A．nearly B．never C．often D．always 40．—Who do you think will win the race, Bob or Tom?—It must be Bob. I think he runs ________.A．faster B．fastest C．more slowly D．most slowly 41．What a terrible experience! ________, lucky us, we are safe now.A．Anyway B．Otherwise C．For example D．As a result 42．— Wang Lin did ___________ in the final exam this term again.—That’s not strange. He always gets full marks in all of his subjects.A．worst B．worse C．best D．better 43．Cindy, you sing the English song __________ among all the singers. Congratulations! A．better B．best C．beautifully D．most beautiful 44．Amy has read many history books, so she learns history________ of all the subjects. A．well B．bad C．best D．worst45．The kid is doing his lessons ________ in order to pass the test.A．wildly B．carefully C．lazily46．—You have made great progress on your study.—Thank you. I believe ________ you work, the better grades you will get.A．the more careless B．the more careful C．the worse D．the harder 47．Listen to me __________, or you can't follow me.A．care B．careful C．carefully48．Mum, the supermarket next to our house has a big sale. We can buy some fresh fruit _______ there.A．early B．quickly C．cheaply49．Tom studies ________, so he ________ fails the exam.A．hardly; hardly B．hard; hardly C．hard; hard D．hardly; hard 50．Kunqu Opera is ________ thought to be one of the symbols of Suzhou. Don’t miss it during your stay here.A．hardly B．widely C．suddenly D．badly二、完成句子51．英语课上，凯特听得比其他任何学生都认真。
2、常见的不规则变化：原级比较级最高级good well better best bad badly ill worse worst many much more most little less leastfar fartherfurtherfarthestfurthestold olderelderoldesteldest常见的比较级和最高级的基本句型及其用法：原级的用法：形容词原级的用法：1.有表示程度的副词very,so, too,enough,quite等修饰时用形容词原级。
The boy is too young.2.表示A与B在某一方面程度相同或不相同时用形容词原级。
（1）肯定句中的结构：A…+as+形容词原级+as+BXiao Ming is as tall as Jim. 小明和吉姆一样高。
（2）否定句中的结构：A…+not+as/so+形容词原级+as+BThis book isn’t as/so new as that one. 这本书不如那本书新。
否定句的结构相当于“less+原级+than”.He thinks English is less interesting than Chinese.(3)表示“A是B的…..倍”时，用“A…+倍数+as+形容词原级+as+B”结构。
（1倍：once, 2倍：twice, 3倍以上：数字+times）Our school is three times as big as theirs. 我们的学校是他们学校的3倍大。
（4）“…half as +形容词原级+as …”表示“…是…的一半”。
Her room is half as big as yours. 她的房间是你的房间的一半大。
二、形容词变为副词的规则：1、在形容词词尾直接加“ly”，如:real—really, helpful—helpfully,careful—carefully;2、以辅音字母加y结尾的形容词要变y为i，再加-ly，如：busy—busily， angry—angrily；3、某些以辅音字母加不发音的e结尾和以-ue结尾的形容词要先去掉e，然后再加-y或-ly，如：terrible—terribly，true—truly, gentle—gently，possible—possibly；注意：nice—nicely, wise—wisely, polite—politely 除外。
高考语法专题之---形容词和副词一、考点归纳考点一：形容词、副词的基本用法1. 形容词主要作定语、表语、补足语、状语。
2. 副词主要作状语，用于修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子。
3.形容词（短语）作状语，说明主语的状态、性质、特征等。
4.有些副词置于句首，可修饰整个句子，作评注性状语。
5.副词修饰形容词的特殊词序：so, as, how, too+形容词+a(n)+单数可数名词He returned home, safe and sound.Happily for her, her stepmother was kind to her.It is just as fierce a competition among countries to host the Olympics as to win Olympic medal. 考点二：形容词副词的比较级和最高级1.表倍数的句型2.比较等级常见句型考点三：形容词、副词的辨析附：常见表否定意义的前缀：1.dis-(加在动词前)disagree, disappear, disapprove, disconnect(失联)2.in- (加在形容词、名词前)incomplete , incorrect, indirect, incapable(无能的), incredible（难以置信的）, inaccurate（不准确的），inability(无能)，incapacity(无能)3.im-(加在以字母m/p/b开头的词汇前)impossible, impolite, improper, immoral(不道德的),impatient, immature(不成熟的)4.il- illegal, illogical5.ir-(加在以字母r开头的词汇前)irregular, irrelevant, irresponsible ,irresistible(无法抗拒的，非常诱人的), irrational（不合理的，失去理性的）6.un-(加在名词、形容词、副词前)unhappy, unfair, unsatisfied, unfinished, undoubted,7.mis-(加在动词、名词前) misunderstand, misjudge, mislead, misfortune8.anti-(加在名词、形容词前) anti-social anti-Japanese anti-war考点四：习惯搭配形容词与名词的习惯搭配；副词与动词的习惯搭配，如：discrimination+ against, attitude+ to/towards, impact+ on/ upon, effect + on/ upon;seriously ill（病得厉害）, slightly/seriously injured（轻伤、重伤）, painfully thin(瘦得可怜), struggle financially(生活拮据)二、演练提升（一）根据提示写出所缺单词的正确形式1.Fried foods ___________(agree)with me. Therefore, I seldom go to KFC.2.I was supposed to arrive at the airport on time. _____________(fortune), Iwas held up by the heavy traffic jam.3.She still suffers considerable ______________(comfort)from her injury.4.They believe in ________________(violent),simple living and little comfprt with the modernworld.5.I’m sorry to tell you that there is a slight ___________(accuracy)in this design.6.Therefore, when they become older, they are ________ (able)to do any other kind of work.7.Very early the next morning, amazingly, we got completely satisfied in a totally___________(expect)way.8.They create wildly ___________(usual)baskets in different shapes and colors.9.The parcel was returned to the sender because the directions were __________(correct)10.The word “kick”sometimes is used to describe complaint or some kind of_________________(satisfy)11.Loneliness in a gloomy raining day may be ____________(bear) to him.12.I won’t do the purchase because the price of the dress is ________(reason)(二)用所给词的正确形式填空：1The aim of education is to teach young people to think for themselves and not follow others _______________(blind)2What was so____________(impress) about Bob was that he came first in the marathon bare-footed.3Hardly had she finished her words when Albert said __________(sharp), “Don’t be so mean”.4The naughty boy entered the classroom _______________(caution), fearing that his teacher would blame him.5Basketball coaches waste no time in searching for _______________ (promise) young players of great potential for better performance in the coming season.6Unemployment in Japan is likely to remain high in 2014,and __________(possible) for the next few years.7Next to Biology, I like Physics __________.8___________(initial),she opposed the plan but later she changed her mind.9They were doing ___________(exact) the opposite to what I had told them.10The more expensive articles are not_________ better(necessary).11The output of this year is 3 times _______ of 2012.12The output of this year is 3times _________ it was in 2012.(三)1. History is the best teacher. It _records the development path of each country .A. apparentlyB. conventionallyC. faithfullyD. eventually2. The boy managed to climb out of the car, __________unhurt.A. regularlyB. extremelyC. frequentlyD. apparently3. Although money is important, money _____won’t make a happy life.A. apartB. aloneC. asideD. alike4. I make $2000 a week, 60 surely won’t make_________difference to me.A. that a bigB. a that bigC. big a thatD. that big a5. Students who study _______can have more satisfaction, be healthier and more effective.A. appproximatelyB. flexiblyC. accuratelyD. extremely高三年级（上）英语一轮复习Book 1 错题回顾Module 1 & 2易错单词1. 被…分成________________2. 宁愿我昨天就见你了虚拟语气_____________3. 对….严厉____________4. n．理解；领悟___________ vt.____________5. n.记述；描述___________ vt. 描述___________6. vt．给人以深刻印象________ n．印象________ adj．给人以深刻印象的____________7. n总结；概述．_______ vt．总结；概述__________8. vt．承认；准许进入_______n. __________9. adj. 放松的___________ adj.令人轻松的_________&vi(使)轻松；放松________n．放松；轻松易错短语1. 对…热情____________________2. 对某人友好________________3. 一对；一双_______________4. 取得进步_____________________5. 对…耐心的________________6. 对学习的态度_________________7. 按照某人的指示说明___________________________Module 3--4易错单词1.n．仪式__________2. 电车__________3. n．旅程_____________4.海港_____________5. cassette n. _________6. n.城郊;郊区______7.adj.吉祥的幸,运的___________ 8. n职业___________9.n. 令人讨厌的人/事___________10.adj．迷人的；吸引人的_______11.n.运动场;体育__________ 12.被遗弃的____________ 13. n.幼儿园____14.海岸__________ 15.vi.(________过去式)射杀16. n. 区域；行政区____17.运动场____________18.adj．失业的；没有工作的__________易错短语1. 在……方面做得好_______________2. put up ______________________3.忍受__________________4. 许多的，大量的_______________________5. 负担的起做某事____________________6. get away from _____________7. 通过一项法律_____________________8. 是……的缩写/简称_________。
