不同施肥模式对大麦-双季稻三熟种植模式中大麦干物质积累、分配

  • 格式:pdf
  • 大小:466.14 KB
  • 文档页数:7

第46卷第2期 

2015年2月 东北农业大学学报 

Joumal of Northeast Agricultural University 46f21:64-7 1 

February 2015 

网络出版时间2015—1—27 16:00:46 [URL]http://www.enki.net/kcms/detail/23.1391.S.20150127.1600.O11.html 

不同施肥模式对大麦一双季稻三熟种植模式中 

大麦干物质积累、分配及产量的影响 

徐一兰 ,唐海明 ,程爱武3 肖小平 ,汤文光 ,孙继民 ,李微艳 ,杨光立 

(1.湖南生物机电职业技术学院,长沙410127;2.湖南省土壤肥料研究所,长沙410125; 

3.湖南省宁乡县农业局,湖南宁乡410600) 

摘要:为探明不同施肥模式对大麦一双季稻三熟种植模式中大麦干物质积累、分配及产量影响,以通 

0306和蒙啤麦1号为材料,系统比较研究化肥、秸秆还田+化肥、习惯施肥和无肥4种施肥模式。结果表明,大 

麦主要生育期,单株根系干重均表现为秸秆还田>习惯施肥>化肥>无肥,茎干重表现为习惯施肥>秸秆还田>化 

肥>无肥;齐穗期和成熟期,各处理间大麦单株根系和茎干重差异均达显著水平。单株叶、穗干重均表现为秸 秆还田>习惯施肥>化肥>无肥。齐穗期和成熟期,根系干重占总干物质量的比例大小顺序为无肥>化肥>秸秆还 

田>习惯施肥,穗干重比例为秸秆还田>化肥>习惯施肥>无肥;茎干重比例以习惯施肥最高;叶干重比例在成熟 

期表现为化肥>无肥>习惯施肥>秸秆还田。齐穗期,化肥、秸秆还田和习惯施肥处理大麦叶片SPAD值均显著 

高于无肥处理;成熟期,各处理间差异达显著水平。各处理大麦单株叶面积大小顺序为秸秆还田>习・赁施肥>化 

肥>无肥。各施肥模式大麦产量表现为秸秆还田>习惯施肥>化肥>无肥,分别比无肥增产353.4~357.6、681.6~ 

683.0和497.4~523.5 kg・hm。与化肥和习・愤施肥处理相比,秸秆还田处理干物质总量大且分配合理,有利于改 

善产量构成因素,增加大麦产量。 

关键词:大麦;施肥模式;干物质;比例;产量 

中图分类号:¥512.31 文献标志码:A 文章编号:1005—9369(2015)02—0064—08 

徐一兰,唐海明,程爱武,等.不同施肥模式对大麦一双季稻三熟种植模式中大麦千物质积累、分配及产量的影响【J】.东北农业大 

学学报,201 5,46(2):64-71. 

Xu Yilan,Tang Haiming,Cheng Aiwu,et a1.Effect of diferent long—term fertilizer managements on dry matter accumulation, 

distribution and yield of barley under barley and double cropping rice triple crops planting patterns[J].Journal of Northeast 

Agricultural University,201 5,46(2):64-71.(in Chinese with English abstract) 

Effect of different long—term fertilizer managements on dry matter 

accumulation,distribution and yield of barley under barley and double 

cropping rice triple crops planting patterns/xu Yilan’,TANG Haiming ,CHENG 

Aiwu。,XlAO Xiaoping’,TANG Wenguang’,SUN Jimin’,LI Weiyan’,YANG Guangli’(1.Hunan 

Biological and Electromechanical Polytechnic,Changsha 410127,China;2.Hunan Soil and 

Fertilizer Institute,Changsha 41 01 25,China;3.Ningxiang Agricultural Bureau,Ningxiang Hunan 

41 0600,China) 

Abstract:The effects of diferent long——term fertilizer managements including mineral fertilizer 

收稿日期:2014—11-03 基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目(31201 178);湖湘青年科技创新创业平台资助项目 作者简介:徐一兰(1981一),女,讲师,硕士,研究方向为农业技术。E—mail:xiaoliyanzhi@163.corn 通讯作者:唐海明,副研究员,研究方向为耕作生态与农作制。E-mail:tanghaiming66@163.(30111

 第2期 徐一兰等:不同施肥模式对大麦一双季稻三熟种植模式中大麦干物质积累、分配及产量的影响 -65・ 

alone(MF),rice—residues plus mineral fertilizer(RF),local farmer’S fertilization(LF)and without 

fertilizer(CK)on dry matter accumulation,distribution and grain yield of barley(Hordaum vulgare L.) 

cultivars Tong0306 and Mengpimail under barley and double cropping rice triple crops planting 

patterns were analyzed in detail in present paper.The results showed that there was significant 

diference in dry weight of root and stem per plant at barley heading stage and mature stage among 

MF,RF,LF and CK,and the sequences were RF>LF>MF>CK,LF>RF>MF>CK,respectively,at the 

main growth stages.The sequences of leaf and panicle dry weight per plant were RF>LF>MF>CK at 

the main growth stages.Furthermore,the leaf and panicle dry weight of barley at the main growth 

stages with RF was significantly higher than that with CK.There was significant diference among the 

four fertilizer managements in dry matter weight ratio of root and shoot to total plant at the main growth 

stages.The sequences of dry matter weight ratio of root and panicle to total plant were CK>MF>RF> 

LF,RF>MF>LF>CK,respectively,at heading stage and mature stage.The dry matter weight ratio of 

stem to total plant at the main growth stages with LF was higher than that of the other treatments.The 

sequences of dry matter weight ratio of leaf to total plant were MF>CK>LF>RF at mature stage.In 

addition,the SPAD value of barley leaves with MF,RF and LF was significantly higher than that with 

CK at heading stage.And there was significant diference among MF,RF,LF and CK at mature stage. 

Meanwhile.the sequences of leaf area per plant with diferent fertilizer managements were RF>LF>MF> 

CK at the main growth stages.Yield of barley with diferent fertilizer managements was significantly 

diferent with the highest for RF,and the lowest for CK.Compared with CK,the yield of MF,RF and LF 

increased by 353.4—357.6,681.6-683.0 and 497.4-523.5 kg・hm ,while the barley with RF had signi- 

ficantly higher total dry matter accumulation and reasonable distribution,which may contribute to 

improve yield and yield components. 

Key words:barley;fertilizer management;dry matter;ratio;yield 

随着我国人口增长,建筑用地增加、耕地面 

积不断减少,提高作物单产成为解决我国粮食安 

全问题的关键,而粮食增产离不开施肥。为追求 更高粮食产量,在一些地区农民过量施用氮肥, 

忽视土壤本身氮素供应能力、作物对氮素需求以 

及氮肥对产量的贡献,降低资源利用率和增加环 

境风险【l_21。氮肥是提高农作物产量最重要的农艺 

措施之一 ,国内外学者就不同施氮水平、施氮 

时期及氮肥基追比等对大麦生长发育、理化特 

性、干物质积累与分配及产量等进行大量研究, 

沈会权等结果表明,采用合理氮肥基追比有利于 

提高大麦花后干物质积累和再分配,最终提高籽 

粒产量[6 。刘桃菊等认为,大麦抽穗期和成熟期干 

物质积累量均随施氮量增加而增加,但增加幅度