硕士论文--中国社会保障制度改革析论硕士论文
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山东大学硕士学位论文中国社会保障制度改革析论姓名:石钟毓申请学位级别:硕士专业:财政学指导教师:赵梦涵2002.4.23山东大学硕士学位论文内容提要【社会保障制度是社会化大生产的产物,是国民收入的再分配,是市场经济中一项重要的社会制度。它起着社会“稳定器”、经济运行“减震器”和社会公平“调节器”的巨大作用。党的十五届五中全会通过的《中共中央关于制定国民经济和社会发展第十个五年计划的建议》指出:“完善的社会保障制度是社会主义市场经济体制的重要支柱,关系改革、发展、稳定的全局。要加快形成独立于企业事业单位之外、资金来源多元化、保障制度规范化、管理服务社会化的社会保障体系。”《建议》强调了在市场经济体制下社会保障制度的重要地位和作用,也为“十五”时期我国社会保障制度的改革和发展指明了方向。y-7全文共分为四个部分。‘第一部分“引言”,首先对中外学者有关社会保障概念的界定进行了简单介绍。并提出了自己的观点,接下来回顾和总结了社会保障制度及其思想的变迁与经验;第二部分“我国社会保障制度的形成和发展”,以时间序列,回顾和考察了建国50多年来我国社会保障制度的变迁,并详细论述了20世纪80年代以来的我国社会保障制度(养老、医疗、失业等社会保险及低保制度)改革的具体内容及成效;第三部分“现阶段我国社会保障制度存在的主要问题”是本文的核心内容之一。该部分对现阶段我国社会保障制度效应与目标的矛盾、保障水平难以满足保障对象基本生活的需要、失业保险面临新的难题、保障基金匮乏,支付存在危机、保障体系层次紊乱等进行了深入剖析;第四部分“我国社会保障制度改革的实证与理论分析”也是本文的核心内容之一。首先,对影响社会保障制度改革的三个关键因素(收入替代率、人口结构及制度运行成本)进行了简单分析,然后提出了五项可供选择的具体措施,其中对“社会保障基金的管理中引入市场机制”的探讨和分析尤为详细和深入,最后提出“一个健全的社会保障制度的顺利运行不仅需要政府与公民之间的交易和互动,它更要求整个社会在文化背景、社会团体和社区生活等结构上的整合和各项功能的发育。”
关键词:社会保障“州锸菇瀛
。2~7乙辨秘
‘口掣’I、了一■山东大学硕士学位论文ABSTRACTTheSOCialsecuritysystem
is
a
resultofthelarge—scale
SOCialproduction.thereallocationofthenationalincome,andanimportantSOCialsystem
inmarket
economy.Itplays
many
enormousrolessuchasthe“stability
device”ofthe
SOCiety,
the“shockabsorber”oftheeconomicoperation,the
“regulator”oftheSOCietyfair.andsoon.
“Theproposesput
forward
by
theCentralCommitteeofthe
CommunistParty
ofChinaaboutmakingtheTenth
Five—year
Plan
forNationalEconomicandSocialDevelopment”had
been
passed
inFifthP1enary
SessionoftheFifteenthCentralCommitteeof
theCommunistPartyofChina.Itpointedout,
“theperfect
socialsecuritysystemistheimportantpillar
oftheSocialist
MarketEconomySystem
andit
concerns
theoverallsituationof
thereform,development
and
stability.Wemust
acceleratethe
establishmentoftheSOCialsecuritysystem
independent
ofthe
enterprisesandpublicinstitutiORS,fundedbyseveralsources,
regulatedproperlyandcomrnerciallymanaged.”TheProposesemphasizedtheimportantposition
andfunctionofthesocial
securitysystem
underthemarket
economysystem.Ithaspointed
outthedirectionforthereformanddevelopmentof
thesocia】
securitysystem
of
ourcountry
duringtheState’sTenth
Five—yearPlanperiod.
Thepaperisdividedintofourpartsaltogether.Thefirst
part“Foreword”introducedsimplytheconceptsofthesocial
securitydefinedbysomeChineseandforeignscholarsandput
forwardtheauthor’sownview,andthenreviewedandsummarizedthechangesandexperienceofsocialsecuritysystem
and
thoughts.Thesecondpart“FormingandDevelopmentoftheSocialSecuritySystemofOurCountry”reviewedandobservedthechangesofthesocialsecuritysystem
ofourcountryforover
3山东大学硕士学位论文past50yearswitharrayoftime.andexpoundtheconcrete
contentandeffectofSOCialsecuritysystemofourcountrysince1980sindetail(theendowmentinsurance,medical
insurance.
unemploymentinsuranceandtheminimum
1ivingsecurity
system
ete.).Thethirdpart“SubjectMatterExistingintheSocial
SecuritySystemofOurCountryinthePresentStage’’iSone
of
thekeycontents
ofthiSpaper.InthiS
part,theauthoranalyzed
manyproblems,suchastheeffectwas
contradictedtothegoal
ofourcountry’S
SOCialsecuritysysteminthepresentstage,
ensurecompetencewasdiffiCUlttomeettheneedwhichensuretarget’SbasiC1ife,theunemploymentinsurancewasfacingmanynewdifficultproblems,thedeficientsecurityfundwasfacing
acrisiSofpaying,thelevelofthesecuritysystemwasvery
disorderlYandSOon.Thefourthpart“theRealExampleand
TheoryAnalysiSofReformofOurCountry’SSocialSecuritySystem”iSoneofthekeycontentsofthiSpaper
too.Firstly,
itanalyzedbrieflythreekeyfactorsinfluencingthereformofthesocial
securitysystem(substitutingrateoftheincome,
populationstructureandthecostof
the
systemoperation).Then,
it
put
forwardfiveconcretemethodssuitablefor
choosing,.
amongthem,“Introducing
themarketmechanismintothe
managementoftheSOCialsecurityfund”iSdiscussedand
analyzedparticularlydetailedanddeep.Finally,theauthorpointedoutthatthesmoothoperationofasoundsocialsecuritysystemnotmerelyneedstradeandinterdynamic
betweenthe
governmentandcitizen,butrequiresthewholesociety’Smerger
ofthestructureanditsdevelopmentofeveryfunctioninthe
culturebackground,publiCorganizationsandcommunity
life.
Keywords:SOCialsecurity:socialsecuritysystem;social
securityfund:reformation
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