环境污染〖中英文对照〗

环境污染信件的英语作文(中英文版)Dear Sir/Madam,I am writing to express my deep concern about the increasing pollution problem in our city.The air we breathe, the water we drink, and the soil we grow our food in are all being contaminated, posing serious threats to our health and the environment.尊敬的先生/女士，我写信是想表达我对我们城市日益严重的污染问题的深深担忧。

我们呼吸的空气、饮用的水源以及种植食物的土壤都在受到污染，这对我们的健康和生态环境构成了严重威胁。

Recently, the media has reported several cases of water pollution in the nearby rivers, which has caused an outcry among local residents.The once crystal-clear water is now filled with industrial waste and household sewage, making it unsafe for human use.最近，媒体曝光了附近河流几起水污染事件，引起了当地居民的强烈反响。

曾经清澈的水源如今充满了工业废料和生活污水，对人类使用来说已经不再安全。

Moreover, the air quality in our city has reached alarming levels.The smog and haze that frequently envelop our city are not only detrimental to our health but also hinder our daily lives.The number of people suffering from respiratory diseases has increased significantly, and it isdirectly linked to the poor air quality.此外，我们城市的空气质量已经达到了令人警惕的水平。

环境污染英语作文Environmental Pollution。

Environmental pollution refers to the introduction of harmful substances or products into the environment that cause negative effects on living organisms and the natural world. Pollution can take many forms, including air pollution, water pollution, soil pollution, and noise pollution. It is a serious problem that affects not only the health of humans but also the health of the planet.Air pollution is one of the most common types of environmental pollution. It occurs when harmful substances such as gases, particulate matter, and biological molecules are introduced into the atmosphere. These substances can come from a variety of sources, including industry, transportation, and agriculture. Air pollution can cause respiratory problems, heart disease, and other health issues.Water pollution is another major form of environmental pollution. It occurs when harmful substances are introduced into bodies of water such as lakes, rivers, and oceans. This can happen through industrial waste, sewage, and agricultural runoff. Water pollution can harm aquatic life and make water unsafe for human consumption.Soil pollution occurs when harmful substances are introduced into the soil. This can happen through the use of pesticides, herbicides, and fertilizers, as well as through industrial waste and other sources. Soil pollution can harm plants and animals that rely on the soil for survival.Noise pollution is a less well-known form of environmental pollution, but it can still have serious effects on human health. It occurs when excessive noise levels are introduced into the environment, such as through transportation, construction, and industrial activities. Noise pollution can cause hearing loss, stress, and other health problems.The effects of environmental pollution are far-reaching and can have serious consequences for both humans and the natural world. Pollution can harm the health of humans and animals, destroy habitats, and lead to the extinction of species. It can also have economic consequences, such as decreased property values and increased healthcare costs.To address environmental pollution, it is important to take action at both the individual and societal level. Individuals can reduce their own pollution by using public transportation, conserving energy, and properly disposing of waste. Societies can implement policies and regulations to reduce pollution from industry and other sources. It is important that we all work together to protect the environment and ensure a healthy future for generations to come.。

【写作佳句及惯用表达】1.It is undeniable that the worsening environment has become the biggest concern of the present day world. 不可否认的是，日益恶化的环境已成为全世界最关心的事。

2.Many factories discharge enormous harmful chemicals into air and rivers every day.许多工厂每天把大量有害化学物质排放到空气和河流里。

3.Environmentalists appeal to every government to preserve the environment. Laws concerning environmental protection have been put into effect and situations in many regions have improved. 环保人士呼吁各国政府保护环境。

有关环保的法律已实施，而且许多地区的形势已有改善。

4.Environmental pollution makes many people fall sick. It does great harm to human beings. 环境污染使许多人生病。

环境污染对人类极为有害。

5.Deforestation results in the increase of global temperature and unpleasant change of climate. 砍伐森林导致全球气温升高和气候的不良变化。

6.Many plants like trees and crops are destroyed by bad air, many fish die of poisonous water, thousands of people die from eating poisoned fish or breathing in poisonous air. 许多植物，像树和庄稼，被恶劣的空气破坏，许多鱼死于有毒的水，数千人因吃了中毒的鱼或呼吸有毒空气而死。

生态环境污染英语作文Environmental pollution is a serious problem that affects the well-being of both humans and wildlife. (环境污染是一个严重的问题，影响着人类和野生动物的健康). Pollution can occur in various forms, including air, water, and land pollution, and can have detrimental effects on the ecosystem. (污染可以以多种形式出现，包括空气、水和土壤污染，并对生态系统产生不利影响).Air pollution, for example, is caused by the release of harmful gases and particulate matter from industrial facilities, vehicles, and agricultural activities. (例如，空气污染是由工业设施、汽车和农业活动释放有害气体和颗粒物所引起的). This can lead to respiratory problems in humans, as well as damage to vegetation and wildlife. (这可能会导致人类的呼吸问题，同时也破坏植被和野生动物).Water pollution, on the other hand, is often caused by the discharge of untreated sewage, industrial waste, and chemicals into rivers, lakes, and oceans. (另一方面，水污染通常是由未经处理的污水、工业废物和化学品排放到河流、湖泊和海洋中引起的). This can contaminate the water supply and harm aquatic life, as well as posing a health risk tohumans who consume contaminated water. (这会污染水源并伤害水生生物，同时也对饮用污染水的人类构成健康风险).Land pollution, including the improper disposal of solid waste and the contamination of soil with chemicals, also poses a threat to the environment and human health. (土地污染，包括固体废物的不当处理和土壤被化学物质污染，也对环境和人类健康构成威胁). The accumulation of trash in landfills and the leaching of toxic substances into the soil can have long-lasting effects on ecosystems and contribute to the decline of biodiversity. (垃圾在垃圾填埋场的积累和有毒物质渗入土壤，会对生态系统产生长期影响，导致生物多样性的下降).In addition to the direct impact on the environment, pollution also has far-reaching consequences for human societies. (除了对环境的直接影响外，污染也对人类社会产生深远的影响). For example, polluted air and water can lead to higher rates of illness and disease, placing a significant burden on healthcare systems and affecting the overall quality of life. (例如，污染的空气和水可能会导致更高的疾病率，给医疗系统带来重大负担，影响整体生活质量). Additionally, the degradation of natural resources due to pollution can negatively impact industries such as agriculture, fishing, and tourism, leading to economic lossesand unemployment. (此外，由于污染造成的自然资源的退化，可能会对农业、渔业和旅游等行业产生负面影响，导致经济损失和失业).Efforts to address environmental pollution require a multi-faceted approach, involving government regulations, technological advancements, and individual actions. (解决环境污染的努力需要多方面的方法，涉及政府法规、技术进步和个人行动). Governments can implement strict environmental laws and regulations to limit the release of pollutants and hold polluting industries accountable for their actions. (政府可以制定严格的环境法律和法规，限制污染物的排放，并追究造成污染的企业的责任). Additionally, investments in clean energy technologies and sustainable waste management practices can help reduce the impact of pollution on the environment. (此外，对清洁能源技术和可持续废物管理实践的投资，可以帮助减少污染对环境的影响).At the individual level, people can make a difference by adopting eco-friendly habits, such as reducing their energy consumption, recycling, and using public transportation. (在个人层面上，人们可以通过养成节能减排的习惯，比如减少能源消耗、回收利用和使用公共交通，来改变现状). Educating the public about the importance ofenvironmental conservation and encouraging sustainable lifestyle choices can also contribute to reducing pollution in the long run. (向公众宣传环境保护的重要性，并鼓励可持续生活方式的选择，也有助于从长期来看减少污染).In conclusion, environmental pollution is a complex issue with widespread impacts on both the natural world and human societies. (总之，环境污染是一个复杂的问题，对自然界和人类社会都有广泛的影响). It is essential for individuals, industries, and governments to work together to implement effective solutions that can mitigate pollution and protect the environment for future generations. (个人、行业和政府需要共同努力，共同实施有效的解决方案，减轻污染，保护环境，为后代创造更美好的未来). By taking proactive measures to reduce pollution and promote sustainability, we can create a cleaner, healthier planet for all living beings. (通过采取积极措施减少污染，促进可持续发展，我们可以为所有生物创造一个更加清洁、更加健康的星球).。

污染环境例子英文作文Pollution is a major problem that affects the environment in many ways. It is caused by human activities such as industrialization, transportation, and agricultural practices. Pollution can take many forms, including air pollution, water pollution, and soil pollution. In this essay, we will discuss the effects of pollution on the environment and some of the ways to reduce pollution.Air pollution is one of the most common types of pollution. It is caused by the release of harmful gases and particles into the atmosphere. These gases and particles can come from many sources, including factories, cars, and power plants. Air pollution can have many negative effects on the environment. It can cause acid rain, which can damage plants and animals. It can also cause respiratory problems in humans, such as asthma and lung cancer.Water pollution is another type of pollution that affects the environment. It is caused by the release ofharmful chemicals and waste products into water bodies such as rivers, lakes, and oceans. Water pollution can have many negative effects on the environment. It can kill fish and other aquatic animals. It can also make water unfit for human consumption, which can lead to diseases such as cholera and typhoid fever.Soil pollution is a type of pollution that affects the quality of soil. It is caused by the release of harmful chemicals and waste products into the soil. Soil pollution can have many negative effects on the environment. It can make soil unfit for agriculture, which can lead to food shortages. It can also contaminate groundwater, which can lead to the spread of diseases.There are many ways to reduce pollution. One way is to reduce the use of fossil fuels. Fossil fuels are a major source of air pollution, so reducing their use can help to reduce air pollution. Another way to reduce pollution is to promote the use of renewable energy sources such as solar and wind power. These sources of energy are clean and do not produce harmful emissions.In conclusion, pollution is a major problem thataffects the environment in many ways. It can cause air pollution, water pollution, and soil pollution. It can have many negative effects on the environment, including damage to plants and animals, respiratory problems in humans, and food shortages. However, there are many ways to reduce pollution, such as reducing the use of fossil fuels and promoting the use of renewable energy sources. By taking action to reduce pollution, we can help to protect the environment and ensure a healthier future for ourselves and future generations.。

环保专业术语中英文对照game management狩猎管理gamma observations伽马射线观测garbage collection收垃圾；垃圾收集garbage grinding垃圾磨碎garbage厨房垃圾；食物废物GARP Atlantic Tropical Experiment （GATE）全球大气研究计划大西洋热带试验GARP全球大气研究计划gas adsorption chromatography气相吸附色谱法gas analyser气体分析仪gas chromatography气相色谱法gas cleaning气体净化gas scrubber气体洗涤器gas-borne particles悬浮气体中的微粒gaseous hydrocarbon气态碳氢化合物；气态烃类gaseous pollutants气体污染物gasification气化作用gas-liquid （partition） chromatography气液分配色谱法gasoline（-fuelled） vehicle汽油车辆gas-solid chromatography （GSC）气固色谱法；气相吸附色谱法GATE全球大气研究计划大西洋热带试验GAW全球大气监视网GCM大气环流模式GDPS全球资料处理系统GEBCO世界大洋深度图gel dying methode凝胶染色法GEMS全球环境监测系统gene pool基因库General Bathymetric Chart of the Oceans世界大洋深度图general circulation model （GCM）大气环流模式generation （of a disturbance）大气扰动的产生；发生generator产生者genetically engineered organism用遗传工程技术作过基因重组的生物 genetically UV-resistance crops遗传性耐紫外线作物geochemical （carbon） cycle地球化学碳循环geocorona地冕geographic ozone distribution臭氧的地理分布geographic variation地理变异；地理性变化Geophysical Monitoring for Climate Change Laboratory气候变化地球物理监测实验室geosphere陆圈；陆界Geostationary Meteorological Satellite地球静止气象卫星Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellite地球静止业务环境卫星 Geostationary Operational Meteorological Satellite地球静止业务气象卫星geothermal gradient地温陡度germ cell生殖细胞germ plasm种质GESAMP海洋污染科学问题联合专家组GEWEX全球能量和水循环试验GHG温室气体；致温室效应气体GHP温室升温潜能值GIPME全球海洋环境污染调查glacial ice冰川冰glacial phase冰期glacial records冰川记录glacial varve冰川纹泥glaciology冰川学glass （fibre） reinforced plastic （GRP）玻璃纤维增强塑料glass collection unit玻璃收集装置GLC气液分配色谱法Global 500 [UNEP award]全球500奖Global Atmosphere Watch （GAW）全球大气监视网global atmosphere全球大气Global Atmospheric Research Programme全球大气研究方案global change全球性变化；全世界性变化global circulation model全球环流模式global climate change全球气候变化global climate全球气候global cloud fields全球云区global cycle全球循环Global Data-processing System （GDPS）全球资料处理系统global emissions全球排放量Global Energy and Water Cycle Experiment全球能量和水循环试验Global Environmental Monitoring System全球环境监测系统global environmental problem全球性环境问题Global Monitoring for Climate Change Programme气候变化全球监测方案 Global Observing System （GOS）全球观测系统global ozone distribution全球臭氧分布global ozone layer全球臭氧层Global Ozone Observing System （GO3OS）全球臭氧观测系统global ozone transport臭氧的全球输送Global Precipitation Climatology Centre全球降水气候学中心Global Precipitation Climatology Project全球降水气候学计划Global Programme for Natural Disaster Reduction减少自然灾害全球方案 Global Resource Information Database全球资源资料数据库global response （to climate change）对气候变化的全球性回应Global Sea Surface Temperature Project全球海面温度计划Global Sea-level Observing System （GLOSS）全球海平面观测系统 global security全球安全global sulphur budget全球硫平衡；全球硫收支Global Telecommunication System （GTS）全球电信系统global warming potential （GWP）全球升温潜能值global warming全球升温；全球变暖global weather experiment （GWE）全球天气试验global全球的；全世界的glowing avalanche灼热崩落；火山灰流GMCC气候变化地球物理监测GMS地球静止气象卫星GOES地球静止业务环境卫星GOMS地球静止业务气象卫星GOS全球观测系统Governing Council理事会grab sample随机采集的样品grade级；度；等级；品位；品级grafted copolymer接枝共聚物grain fumigant谷物熏蒸剂grain size distribution颗粒大小分布granulate颗粒化；颗粒granulation颗粒化grass cover草地覆盖grass filtration草地过滤grass wrack大叶藻grassland草原；草地；牧地gravel bed filter砾石滤床过滤器；砾石滤床滤池gravity separation重力沈降分离gravity wave drag重力波阻gravity wind重力风grazed forest混牧林；放牧林grazing capacity放牧容量；放牧极限grazing land放牧地；牧场grease resistance耐油脂性grease tank油脂罐；油脂桶；油脂槽green belt绿化地带；绿带green belt无霜带green land草地；绿地greenhouse climate温室气候greenhouse effect温室效应greenhouse gas （GHG）温室气体；致温室效应气体greenhouse model温室模型greenhouse warming温室效应引起的气温升高greenhouse-effect gas致温室效应气体；温室气体greenhouse-induced variations of climate温室效应引起的气候变化 greenhouse-warming potential （GHP）温室升温潜能值grid box网格grid cell网格grid element网格grid square网格grid unit网格gridding画网格GRID全球资源资料数据库gripper system抓爪系统grit砂砾；粗砂ground air土壤空气；土壤中所含的空气ground cover地被；地面覆盖ground facilities地面设施ground layer贴地层；近地面层ground level concentration地面浓度ground level ozone地面臭氧ground state基态ground station地面站ground water地下水；潜水ground weather radar station地面天气雷达站ground-based observation陆基观测；地面观测ground-based ozone station陆基臭氧站；地面臭氧站ground-based system陆基系统；地面系统groundwater flow地下水径流groundwater level地下水位；地下水面；潜水面groundwater runoff地下水径流groundwater seepage地下水渗漏；地下水渗透groundwater station地下水站Group of Economic Experts on Air Pollution空气污染问题经济专家组 growing period生长期growing season生长季节growth （inhibition） test生长抑制试验GRP玻璃纤维增强塑料GSC气固色谱法；气相吸附色谱法GTS全球电信系统Guiding Principles concerning与国际经济问题有关的环境政策Gulf Stream墨西哥湾流GWE全球天气试验H2O2 H2O2过氧化氢；H2S H2S硫化氢；habitat conservation生境保护habitat dislocation生境破坏；拢乱生境habitat management生境管理habitat生境hailstorm雹暴halate卤酸盐；卤酸酯；卤酸……half-life半衰期；半存留期half-time半衰期；半存留期halide卤化物；卤化……haloalkane卤烷halocarbon卤化碳；卤代碳氢化合物；卤化烷烃halogen（ated） derivative卤化衍生物halogen（-containing） substance含卤物质halogenated alkane卤烷halogenated extinguishing agent卤化物灭火剂halogenated hydrocarbon卤代碳氢化合物；卤代烷烃halogenated methane卤甲烷halogenated paraffin卤烷halogenated卤化的；卤代的halogenide卤化物；卤化……halomethane卤甲烷halon 1211哈龙1211；二氟氯溴甲烷； 1211灭火剂halon 1301哈龙1301；三氟溴甲烷； 1301灭火剂halon 2402哈龙2402；四氟二溴乙烷； 2402灭火剂halon fire extinguishing agent哈龙类灭火剂Halon二氟二氯甲烷halon哈龙hard water硬水harmful effect有害影响harmful substance有害物质Harmonized Commodity Description and Coding System （HS）商品统一分类和编码办法harvest of forest trees采伐林木hazard area危害地区；危险地区hazard assessment危害评价hazard classification system危险性分类制度hazard concentration limit危险浓度极限hazard label危险标记hazard mapping绘制危险地区示意图hazard of poisoning中毒的危险hazard potential危害潜力；潜在危害能力hazard rating危害等级；危害分级hazard substance危险物质；有害物质hazardous characteristics危险特性hazardous substance危险物质；有害物质hazardous wastes危险废物hazard-resisting building耐震建筑物；防险建筑物hazard危险；危害；公害haze霾；轻雾HCB六氯苯HCFC 22 HCFC 22二氟氯甲烷；HCFC氢氯氟碳化合物；氟氯烃化合物HCH六氯环己烷；六氯化苯；六六六HCl HCl氯化氢；氢氯酸；盐酸；HClO HClO次氯酸；HCN HCN氰化氢；氢氰酸；HCOOCH3 HCOOCH3甲酸甲酯；蚁酸甲酯；HC碳氢化合物；烃；氢化裂解；加氢裂解headland海角；岬；河源；田边没犁到的地方health hazard对健康的危害性health risk assessment健康风险评价health-related monitoring与健康有关的监测healthy city健全的城市；正常的城市；清洁城市HEAL人类感染评价点heat balance热量平衡heat capacity热容量；热容heat content焓；热函；热含量heat engineering热力工程；热工学heat flow热流heat insulation热绝缘；绝热heat resistance耐热性；抗热性heat stabilizing热稳定的；耐热的heath（land）s荒野；石楠荒原heating plant供热设备；供热车间heat-producing chemical reaction放热化学反应heat-trapping ability致温室效应气体的吸热能力；截热能力 heavy diesel vehicle重型柴油车辆heavy goods vehicle重型货车；重型运输车辆heavy metals重金属heavy pack ice重浮冰heavy rain豪雨；大雨heavy-duty engine重负荷发动机；重负载发动机heavy-duty vehicle重型车辆heayy ice重冰hedgerow绿篱；篱列height profile of ozone臭氧铅直分布图HELCOM波罗的海海洋环境保护委员会hemihydrate （HH）半水合物hemispherical circulation半球环流hemispherical distribution半球分布hemispherical thermodynamic model of climate气候的半球热力学模式 herder表面活性剂减低水的表面张力使浮油heritage coast自然遗产海岸heritage preservation自然遗产维护hetero atoms杂原子heterosphere非均质层高度在90公里以上heterotroph异养生物hexachlorobenzene （HCB）六氯苯hexachlorocyclohexane （HCH）六氯环己烷；六氯化苯；六六六 hexachloroethane （C2Cl6） （Cl3CCCl3）六氯乙烷；全氯乙烷 hexafluoroethane （CF3CF3）六氟乙烷；全氟乙烷hexane己烷hexene己烯HFA氟烷；氟代烷烃HFC氟烷；氟代烷烃；氢氟碳化合物HFET公路燃油经济性试验high alcohols高碳醇；高级醇high atmosphere高层大气high bogs高地沼泽high calorific value高卡值；高热量high capacity container大容量容器high environmental risk area高环境风险区high latitudes在高纬度地区High Level Advisory Board on Sustainable Development可持续发展问题高级别咨询委员会high nothern latitudes北半球高纬度地区high ozone-depletion potential高臭氧消耗潜能值high performance liquid chromatography高效液相色谱法high pH高pH值high seas公海；远洋high stratosphere平流层上部high suthern latitudes南半球高纬度地区high utilization limit refractories高使用极限值耐火材料high water高潮；满潮high-compression lean burn engine高压缩比稀混合气发动机high-energy ignition system高能点火系high-energy particle高能粒子high-energy solar proton高能太阳质子higher layers （of the stratosphere）比平流层更高的大气层higher polyolefins高级聚烯烃high-level forcasting高空预报high-level ozone高空臭氧high-level waste高水平放射性废物；高放射性废物highly reactive hydrocarbons高度活性碳氢化合物High-Resolution Infrared Radiometer高分辨红外辐射计high-sulphur fuel高硫燃料high-sulphur residues高硫残留物；高硫残渣Highway Fuel Economy Test （HFET）公路燃油经济性试验highway source公路污染源；源于公路的污染high高压；高气压；反气旋hinterland腹地；内地HNO3 HNO3硝酸；HNO4 HNO4过硝酸；homogeneous layer均质层homolytic breaking均裂homopause均质层顶homopolymer均聚物homosphere均质层hopper料斗horizontal diffusion水平扩散horizontal ozone transport臭氧的水平输送；臭氧的水平移动 horizontal resolution （limit）水平方向分辨率极限horizontal transfer水平转移；水平传送horizon层，层位；地平，地平线；水平household garbage家庭垃圾；生活垃圾household refuse processing plant家庭垃圾处理厂household refuse家庭垃圾；生活垃圾household waste家庭垃圾；生活垃圾HOx HOx氢的氧化物；HPLC高效液相色谱法；高压液相色谱法HRIR高分辨红外辐射计human environment人类环境Human Exposure Assessment Location人类感染评价点human exposure人类感染；人体感染human health人类健康；人体健康Human Response to Global Change人类对全球性变化的回应human-impacted resources受到人类冲击的资源；受到人类破坏的资源 human-induced degradation人类引起的环境退化humectant润湿剂humic acid腐殖酸humid tropics湿热带humus content of topsoils表土的腐殖质含量humus（-rich） layer腐殖质层；富腐殖质层hurricane awareness警惕飓风hurricane tracking飓风跟踪hurricane飓风hydrated lime熟石灰hydration水合作用hydraulic conductivity导水率；导水性；渗透系数hydraulic connection液压连接hydraulic gradient水力坡降；水力比降；水力坡度hydraulic head压力水头hydrobromic ether乙基溴；溴乙烷hydrocarbon （HC）碳氢化合物；烃hydrocarbon analogue碳氢化合物类似物hydrochloric acid盐酸；氢氯酸hydrochlorofluorocarbon （HCFC）氢氯氟碳化合物；氟氯烃化合物 hydroclimate水面气候hydrocracking （HC）氢化裂解；加氢裂解hydrodesulphurisation加氢脱硫法；加氢脱硫过程hydrofluoric acid氢氟酸hydrofluoroalkane （HFA）氟烷；氟代烷烃hydrofluorocarbon （HFC）氟烷；氟代烷烃；氢氟碳化合物 hydrogen chloride （HCl）氯化氢；氢氯酸；盐酸hydrogen cyanide （HCN）氰化氢；氢氰酸hydrogen dioxide过氧化氢hydrogen fluoride氟化氢hydrogen oxides （HOx）氢的氧化物hydrogen peroxide （H2O2）过氧化氢hydrogen sulphide （H2S）硫化氢hydrographic survey水道测量hydrographic water basin流域hydrographical chart水文地理图；水系图；水道图hydrologic（al） balance水分平衡；水分收支hydrological cycle水分循环hydrometeorological survey水文气象调查hydromorphic soil水成土hydromorphy水成形态hydroperoxide过氧化氢hydroperoxyl radical氢过氧游离基；氢过氧自由基hydrosphere水圈；水界hydrosulphuric acid氢硫酸；硫化氢hydrotreating加氢处理hydroxyl radical氢氧游离基；氢氧自由基；羟基hygroscopic收湿的hyperchlorous anhydride氧化氯；一氧化二氯hypochlorous acid （HClO）次氯酸。

环境工程专业英语pollution污染acid rain酸雨environmental problem 环境问题environmental disturbance环境破坏biotic habitat 生物环境sulfur dioxide二氧化硫nitrogen oxide氧化氮carbon dioxide二氧化碳automobile exhaust汽车尾气infectious diseases有传染性的疾病waterborne diseases水传染的疾病agrarian society农业社会industrial society工业社会industrial revolution产业革命urbanization城市化industrialization工业化developed country发达国家developing country发展中国家undeveloped country落后国家primary air pollutant一次大气污染物secondary air pollutant二次大气污染物monoxide一氧化物dioxide二氧化物trioxide三氧化物carbon monoxide一氧化碳carbon dioxide二氧化碳sulfur dioxide二氧化硫sulfur trioxide三氧化硫nitrous oxide一氧化二氮nitric oxide一氧化氮nitrogen dioxide二氧化氮carbon oxides碳氮化物sulfur oxides硫氧化物nitrogen oxides氮氧化物hydrocarbons碳氢化合物photochemical oxidants光化学氧化物particulates颗粒物inorganic compound无机化合物organic compound有机化合物radioactive substance放射性物质heat热noise噪声contaminant污染物strength强度foreign matter杂质domestic sewage生活污水municipalwastewater城市废水microbe微生物microorganism微生物bacteria细菌total solids总固体inorganic constituents无机要素suspended solids (SS)固体悬浮物volatile suspended solids (VSS)挥发性悬浮固体颗粒organic matter有机物质total organic carbon, TOC 总有机碳chemical oxygen demand, COD化学需氧量biochemical oxygen demand, BOD生化需氧量biodegradable可微生物分解的contamination污染recontamination再污染groundwater地下水surface water地表水restriction限制colloid胶体screening隔栅coagulation凝聚flocculation絮凝sedimentation沉淀filtration过滤disinfection消毒chlorination氯化消毒prechlorination预加氯ozonation臭氧消毒aeration曝气softening软化activated carbon活性炭adsorption吸附reverse osmosis反渗透desalination脱盐处理microbial degradation微生物降解biological degradation生化降解biofilm process生物膜法activated sludge process活性污泥法attached-growth吸着生长suspended-growth悬浮生长shock loading冲击负荷organic loading有机负荷mixed liquor suspended solids混合液悬浮固体metabolize使代谢化metabolism新陈代谢dissolved oxygen 溶解氧pretreatment process 预处理工艺primary clarifier初沉池equalization basin均质池biological treatment process生物处理工艺aeration basin曝气池secondary clarifier二沉池biomass生物质heterotrophic bacteria异养菌autotrophic bacteria自养菌hydraulic retention time (HRT) 水力停留时间sludge residence time (SRT) 污泥停留时间solid waste固体废物municipal城市化industrial工业的agricultural农业的hazardous危险的residential住宅的commercial商业的putrescible易腐烂的combustible易燃的flammable可燃的explosive易爆的radioactive放射性的Landfilling土地填埋incineration: 焚烧composting: 堆肥compaction: 压实，紧凑sanitary landfill卫生填埋balance剩下的，余额，结余batch-fed 分批投料refuse垃圾municipal waste城市垃圾perform: 执行shut down: 关闭energy recovery能量回收incomplete combustion不完全燃烧combustion燃烧volume reduction体积缩小anaerobic厌氧硝化中英互译短语Biological degradation生化降解equalization basin调节池aeration basin曝气池sludge blocs 污泥絮体settling tank沉淀池dissolved oxygen溶解氧suspended-growth悬浮生长pulverized refuse垃圾破碎biofilm生物膜well-compacted landfill压实填埋场nutrient source 营养源mass-burning大量燃烧fluidized fed incarceration硫化床燃烧法soil conditioners土壤改良剂温室效应greenhouse effect 由CO2引起的caust by CO2 世界碳预算the world carbon budget 天气自然波动natural fluctuations 全球变暖global warming 厌氧的anaerobic 腐烂Putrefied 甲烷methane 臭氧层ozone layer 气候模型climatic model 正常浓度：normal concentration 严重污染物：heavily polluted 决定因素：determining factor 光化学氧化物：photochemical oxidants 液体微滴：liquid particulates 含硫的：sulfur-containing 放射性物质：radioactiue substance 汽车尾气：automobile exhaust wet oxidation湿式氧化1、Environment is the physical and biotic habitat which surrounds us; that which we can see, hear, touch, smell, and taste. 环境是我们周围的物理和生物环境，我们可以看到、听到、接触到、闻到和品尝到的。