当前位置：文档之家 › 初中英语语法一致及练习

初中英语语法一致及练习

  • 格式：doc
  • 大小：37.50 KB
  • 文档页数：8

1 初中英语主谓一致及其精练 一、主谓一致三原则 主谓一致是指谓语动词与主语在人称和数上保持一致，主谓一致必须遵循三原则：语法一致原则，意义一致原则，就近一致原则。 1. 语法一致原则：指主语是单数形式，谓语动词用单数形式，主语是复数形式，谓语也用复数形式。例如： Tom is a good student. 汤姆是个好学生。 They often play football on the playground. 他们经常在操场上踢足球。 2. 意义一致原则：指主语形式上为单数，但意义为复数，因此谓语动词用复数形式；或主语形式上为复数，但表示单数意义，这是谓语动词用单数形式。例如： My family are having lunch now. 我们一家人现在正吃午饭。 Twenty dollars is too expensive for the book. 这本书20美元太贵了。 3. 就近一致原则：指谓语动词用单数形式还是用复数形式，取决于最靠近他的主语。例如： Not only the teacher but also his students like playing football. 不仅老师喜欢踢足球，而且他的学生也喜欢踢足球。 There is a pen and some books on the desk. 课桌上有一支钢笔和一些书。

二、 主谓一致常考题型 2

1. 单数名词(代词)，不可数名词作主语时，谓语用单数形式，复数名词(代词)作主语，谓语用复数形式。例如： The desk is Tom’s. 这张桌子是汤姆的。 Some water is in the bottle. 一些水在瓶子里。 The students are playing football on the playground. 这些学生正在操场上踢足球。 2. 表示时间，价格，重量，数目，长度，数学运算等的词或短语作主语时，这些通常作一个整体概念，谓语用单数形式。例如： Two months is a long holiday. 两个月是一个长假。 Tweney pounds isn’t so heavy. 2 0英镑并不太重。 Ten miles isn’t a long distance. 1 0英里并不是一段很长的距离。 Five minus four is one. 5减4等于1。 3. 主语是each/every+单数名词+and(each/every)+单数名词时，谓语动词用单数。例如： Each boy and each girl has got a seat. 每个男孩和女孩都有一个座位。 Every man and every woman is at work. 每个男人和女人都在工作。 4. one and a half+复数名词作主语，谓语动词用单数形式。例如： One and a half hours is enough. 一个半小时足够了。 5. 动词不定式，动名词作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。例如： To see is to believe 眼见为实。 3

Doing eye exercises is good for your eyes. 做眼睛保健操对你的眼睛十分有益。 6. a/an+单数名词+or two 作主语，谓语动词用单数。例如： A student or two has failed the exam. 一两个学生考试不及格。 7. 当主语部分含有with，together with，along with，as well as，besides，except，but，like等介词或介词短语时，谓语动词用单数形式。例如： Mike with his father has been to England. 迈克同他的父亲去过英格兰。 Mike,like his brother,enjoys playing football 迈克像他的哥哥一样喜欢踢足球。 8. 由and连接的两个单数名词作主语时，一般用复数形式，但and所连接的并列主语是同一个人，事物，或概念时，谓语动词用单数。这两种情况区分如下：a/the+单数名词+and+单数名词，指的是同一个人或物；a/the+单数名词+and+a/the+单数名词，指两个人或物。例如： The writer and teacher is coming. 那位作家兼教师来了。(作家和教师指同一个人) The writer and the teacher are coming. 作家和老师来了。(作家和老师是两个人) 9. people,police等集体名词作主语，谓语动词用复数形式，family,class,group,team等集体名词作主语，若指一个整体时，谓语动词用单数形式，若指一个具体成员时，谓语动词复数形式。例如： People here are very friendly. 这儿的人很友好。 4

His family isn’t large. 他家的人不多。 My family all like watching TV. 我们一家人都喜欢看电视。 10. 不定代词 somebody,someone,something,anybody,anything,everybody,everyone,everything,nobody,no one,nothing作主语，谓语动词用单数，例如： Is everyone here today. 今天大家到齐了吗？ Something is wrong with him. 他有毛病。 Nobody was in. 没有人在家。 11. each,either,neither,another,the other 作主语，谓语动词用单数。例如： Each of them has an English dictionary. 他们每人都有一本英语词典。 Neither answer is correct. 两个答案都不正确。 12. 以—s 结尾的名词本身不表示复数意义，谓语通常用单数形式，如news,maths,physics等，例如： No news is good news. 没有消息就是好消息。 Maths is very popular in our class 在我们班数学很受欢迎。 13. 由both…and…连接两个单数名词作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式；由or,either…or…，neither…nor…,not only…but also…,not…but…,连接两个名词或代词作主语时，根据就近原则决定谓语动词形式。例如：Both his father and his mother are both teachers. 他的爸爸和妈妈都是老师。 5

Tom or Jack is wrong. 不是汤姆就是杰克错了。 Either this one or that one is ok. 这一个或那一个都行。 14. a number of+复数名词作主语，谓语动词用复数；the number of +复数名词作主语，谓语动词用单数。例如： A number of famous people were invited to party. 许多名人都被邀请参加这个聚会。 The number of the students is over eight houndred. 我们学校的学生数超过800人。 15. 当kind of,pair of, glass of 等表示确定数量的名词短语修饰主语时，谓语与kind,pair,glass等一致。例如： This pair of shoes is Tom’s. 这双鞋是汤姆的。 There are two glasses of water on the table. 桌上有两杯水。 16. the+形容词表示一类人时，谓语动词用复数形式，表示抽象概念时，用单数形式。例如： The poor are very happy,but the rich are sad. 穷人很快乐，富人却过得不快乐。 The beautiful lives forever. 美是永存的。 17. 以here，there开关的句子，若主语在两个或两个以上，谓语动词通常与临近的主语一致。例如： There is a book and three pens on the desk. 桌子上有一本书，三只钢笔。 Here are some books and paper for you. 这是给你的书和纸。 6

三、 主谓一致精练 1. Either Jane or Steven _____watch TV now. A. were B. is C. was D. are 2. Two days ____enough for me to finish the work, I need a third day. A. isn’t B. is C. are’t D. are 3. —How many lessons do you usually haver a day? —Six lessons a day. And each of then ____45 minutes. A. last B. lasts C. have D. are 4. Neither Liping nor I ________ a basketball player. A. am B. is C. be D. are 5. There __________ many new words in lesson one,It is very easy. A. is B. aren’t C. isn’t D. are 6. The number of the students in our school _____1200. A. is B. are C. has D. have 7. Maths __________ my favourite subject. A. be B. is C. am D. are 8. The boy with the two dogs __________ when the earthquake rocked the city. A. were sleeping B. is sleeping C. was sleeping D. are asle 9. Every one except Tom and John __________ there when the meeting began. A. are B. is C. were D. was 10. That place is not interesting at all, __________ of us wants to go

合集下载

初中必备英语主谓一致技巧全解及练习题(含答案)

初中必备英语主谓一致技巧全解及练习题(含答案)

初中必备英语主谓一致技巧全解及练习题(含答案)一、主谓一致1．—You’re in a hurry. Where are you going?—To the cinema. Sue ________for me outside.A．waits B．waitedC．is waiting D．was waiting【答案】C【解析】【详解】句意：——你匆匆忙忙的，要去哪里呀？——去万达广场。

苏正在外面等着我呢。

考查时态辨析。

根据语意句子是现在进行时态。

故答案选C。

2．—What kind of movies do you prefer?—I prefer the movies _________me something to think about.A．which give B．that gives C．which gives D．who gives【答案】A【解析】句意：——你喜欢什么类型的电影？——我更喜欢那些让我思考的电影。

此句的先行词是movies，引导定语从句的关联词用that或which，排除C,D；定语从句的主语that或which 指代movies，动词不能用三单形式，故答案为A。

3．（两者之中）每一方的;每一的She studied history and philosophy, but she had little interest in either subject. 她学过历史和哲学,但对这两门课都没有多少兴趣。

代词 pron.4．_____ Tom_____Maria loves this sport.A．Both, and B．Not only, but also C．But, and D．Both, or【答案】B【解析】【详解】试题分析：句意：不仅汤姆，玛丽亚也喜欢这个运动。

Both…and…“两者都……”，连接名词或代词作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式；Not only…but also… “不仅……而且……”，连接两个成分作主语，其谓语通常与靠近的主语保持一致。

初中英语语法知识点精讲+习题+练习(精华版).doc

初中英语语法知识点精讲+习题+练习(精华版).doc

初中英语语法知识点精讲+习题+练习（精华版）（注：共四部分）第一部分1) leave的用法1.“leave+地点”表示“离开某地”。

例如：When did you leave Shanghai?你什么时候离开上海的？2.“leave for+地点”表示“动身去某地”。

例如：Next Friday, Alice is leaving for London.下周五，爱丽斯要去伦敦了。

3.“leave+地点+for+地点”表示“离开某地去某地”。

例如：Why are you leaving Shanghai for Beijing?你为什么要离开上海去北京？2) 情态动词should“应该”学会使用should作为情态动词用，常常表示意外、惊奇、不能理解等，有“竟会”的意思，例如：How should I know? 我怎么知道？Why should you be so late today? 你今天为什么来得这么晚？should有时表示应当做或发生的事，例如：We should help each other.我们应当互相帮助。

我们在使用时要注意以下几点：1. 用于表示“应该”或“不应该”的概念。

此时常指长辈教导或责备晚辈。

例如：You should be here with clean hands. 你应该把手洗干净了再来。

2. 用于提出意见劝导别人。

例如：You should go to the doctor if you feel ill. 如果你感觉不舒服，你最好去看医生。

3.用于表示可能性。

should的这一用法是考试中常常出现的考点之一。

例如：We should arrive by supper time. 我们在晚饭前就能到了。

She should be here any moment. 她随时都可能来。

3) What...? 与Which...?1. what 与which 都是疑问代词，都可以指人或事物，但是what仅用来询问职业。

【初中英语】主谓一致知识点梳理及经典练习(超详细)

【初中英语】主谓一致知识点梳理及经典练习(超详细)

【初中英语】主谓一致知识点梳理及经典练习(超详细) 一、主谓一致 1．The number of teachers in our school ____ less than 300. A．are B．is C．am D．were 【答案】B 【解析】 试题分析：句意：我们学校的教师数量不到300。The number of……的数量，作句子主语时谓语动词使用第三人称单数形式，所以选B。 考点：考查主谓一致。

2．There is only one position. The boss has to choose Jack Tom to be a manager. A．both; and B．neither; nor C．either; or D．not only; but also 【答案】C 【解析】 句意：只有一个位置，老板必须选择或者杰克或者汤姆作为经理。根据句意因为只有一个位置，结合选项，推测意思是老板不得不选择杰克或汤姆当经理，即固定短语either…or…，或者…或者，故答案选C。

点睛：A. both; and两者都…，连接两个不同的词语作主语时，谓语动词用复数；B. neither; nor既不…也不…；C. either; or或者…或者…；D. not only; but also不仅…而且…；B、C、D三

个选项在连接两个不同的词语作主语时，其谓语动词应与最近的一个主语在人称和数上保持一致，就是我们所说的“就近原则”。本题根据句意可知C选项符合题意，故答案选C。

3．It is reported that half of the China’s population __________ working in cities in 2015 to make money．

A．Are B．is C．was D．were 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】 句意：据报道，2015年中国有一半的人口在城市上班挣钱。考查主谓一致及时态。population常与定冠词the连用。作主语用时，谓语动词常用第三人称单数形式。当主语是

(完整版)初中英语语法专项练习题(可编辑修改word版)

(完整版)初中英语语法专项练习题(可编辑修改word版)

初中英语语法专项练习题一、名词冠词1.-What can I do for you? -I'd like two .A. box of appleB. boxes of applesC. box of applesD. boxes of apple2.Help yourself to .A.some chickensB. a chickenC. some chickenD. any chicken3. it is today!A.What fine weatherB. What a fine weatherC. How a fine weatherD. How fine a weather4.Which is the way to the ?A.shoe factoryB. shoes factoryC. shoe's factoryD. shoes' factory5.This class now. Miss Gao teaches them.A.are studyingB. is studyingC. be studyingD. studying6.We will have a holiday after the exam.A.two monthB. two-monthC. two month'sD. two-months 7.trees are cut down in the forests every year.A. ThousandB. ThousandsC. Thousand ofD. Thousands of8.Our sports meeting will be held .A.on 24, Tuesday, AprilB. in April 24, TuesdayC. on Tuesday, April 24D. in April Tuesday 249. people here are very friendly to us.A.TheB. /C. AD. An10.There is no enough in the corner to put the table.A. placeB. roomC. floorD. ground冠词专项练习(推荐)A(1)Han Meimei is Chinese girl. Lucy is English girl.A. a; aB. an; anC. a; anD. an; a(2) A little boy wrote "U" and "n" on the wall.A. a; anB. an; aC. an; anD. a; a(3) old lady in brown is university professor.A. An; aB. An; /C. The; anD. The; a(4)There are sixty minutes in hour.A. anB. theC. aD. /(5)This is interesting book and it is also useful one.A. an; anB. an; theC. ah; aD. a; a(6) A computer is useful tool in 'o world today.A. an; theB. a; theC. the; theD. a; aB(1)We have never seen interesting film.A. suchB. such anC. soD. such a(2)Mrs Smith is friend ofA. the; mineB. a; meC. the; myD. a; mine(3)He is boy.A. a seven-years-oldB. an eight-year-oldC. the seven-year-oldD. an eight-year-older(4)Fsaw accident in the street yesterday.A. theB. aC. anD. /(5)Now he is artist. 1 have known him since he was one-year -old boy.A. a; anB. a; aC. an; anD. an; aC(1). Which bigger elephant or horse?A. a; theB. an; aC. the; anD. an; the(2)monkey can climb trees.A. /; theB. A; /C. The; aD. /; /(3) rains are faster than buses.A. /; /B. The; /C. /; theD. The; a(4)-Have you learned German?-Yes. It's language I've ever learned.A. a quite difficult B: quite a difficultC. difficult quiteD. difficult a quite(5)Some animals, like cat, dog or wolf, do not need t o hibernate (冬眠).A. /; /; theB. the; the; theC. a; /; the ,D. the; /; /D(1)Yesterday we held talk with them in the hall.A. theB. thisC. aD. an(2)My mother had fever, so I had to look after her.A a B. the C, / D. this(3)Looking at, he took deep breath.A. /B. aC. thatD. its(4)I usually go out for walk after tea;A: a; / B. /; the C. a; a D. the; a(5)After that they had sleep.A. a night goodB. a night's goodC. a good nightD. a good night'sE(1)It is since we last time.A. long time; metB. a long time; meetC. a long time; metD. the long time; meet(2)There came great noise. It frightened us.A. theB. aC. /D. that(3)It is pleasure to work with these workers.A. anB. /C. aD. this(4)After quick breakfast I hurried to school.A. /; / -rB. a; /C. the; the -D. the; /F(1)This is egg. egg is big.A. a; AB. an; AnC. a; TheD. an; The(2)There is 'W in word "map".A. a; anB. an; aC. an; theD. a; the(3)Here is basket. basket is mine.A. a; TheB. the; An.C. a; AD. the; A(4)There is bridge over there. bridge is made of wood.A. the; TheB. a; AC. the; AD. a; The(5)He ordered book some time ago and now book has arriv ed.A. a; aB. the; aC. the; theD. a; theG(1)She saw English film last Sunday. But she can not remember name of film.A. an; a; aB. a; the; aC. an; the; aD. an; the; the(2)There is old man under tree.A. an; theB. the; aC. a; theD. an; /(3)-What was yesterday?-November 24.A.dateB. the dateC. dayD. the day(4)We shall visit your country in coming year.A. aB. theC. oneD. that(5)Mother does most of at home.A. cleaningB. a cleanC. the cleaningD. cleanH(1)-Whose room is that?-It's .A. the twins'B. of Lucy and LilyC. of the twinsD. the twins(2)I'm busy .A. at the momentB. at that momentC. in a momentD. just a moment(3) book is very useful. I bought it from unknown little town.A. A; aB. The; aC. A; anD. The; an(4)English is interesting subject for most of students.A. the; anB. the; theC. an; /D. an; the(5) girl in Grade Three is tallest in our school.A. The; the; theB. A; a; aC. The; /; theD. A; /; aI(1)Mr White lives on floor.A. the fifteenB. fifteenC. the fifteenthD. fifteenth(2) A boy named Ding Wei kicked a goal early of the match.A. in the one halfB. in the first halfC. for the first halfD. for half one(3)He has tried twice, and the captain asks him to have third try .A. theB. aC. anotherD. Other(4)China is one of oldest countries in world.A. the; theB. the; /C. a; aD. an; the(5)Mary is only girl who has been to American.A. aB. the fc. an D. /参考答案：1.1-6 C A D A C B2.1-5 B D B C D3.1-5 B B A B B4.1-5 C A B A D5.1-4 C B C B6.1-5 D C A D D7.1-5 D A B B C8.1-5 A A D D C9.1-5 C B B A B二、代词课堂例题讲解正误辨析［误］Tom's mother is taller than my.［正］Tom's mother is taller than mine.［析］形容词性物主代词可以作定语，也就是讲它可以作形容词，如：my book，而这句话的意思是：汤姆的妈妈比我的妈妈高。