下载文档原格式
上海市宝山嘉定虹口区2023-2024学年高三下学期一模考试英语试题注意事项1．考生要认真填写考场号和座位序号。
2．试题所有答案必须填涂或书写在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。
第一部分必须用2B 铅笔作答；第二部分必须用黑色字迹的签字笔作答。
3．考试结束后，考生须将试卷和答题卡放在桌面上，待监考员收回。
第一部分（共20小题，每小题1.5分，满分30分）1．His children were his pride, and being a devoted father became a top ______ in his life.A．capacity B．anxiety C．priority D．opportunity2．The president stood by a window inside the room, ________ I entered, looking over the square.A．where B．into whichC．which D．that3．It is immediately clear ______ the financial crisis will soon be over.A．since B．whatC．when D．whether4．If we want students to become effective in multicultural settings, one thing is clear: there is no ________ for practice. A．prescription B．substituteC．appetite D．suspension5．The book is now out of print, ______ it can easily be borrowed from libraries.A．and B．forC．so D．but6．---May I help you？You seem to be having some trouble.----____________，thanks. I think I can manage.A．No problem B．It's all rightC．ok D．No way7．To work from home, which one could hardly imagine, has been made with the development of computer technology. A．possible B．it possible C．possibly D．to be possible8．We had better put off interviewing the athlete, for he is busy preparing for an international contest __________ in Shanghai next month.A．held B．to holdC．being held D．to be held9．—________ the woman with the baby come over? We have a seat here.—Thank you, sir. Actually I do have my seat here. But my baby likes to look out of the window.A．Would B．ShallC．Must D．May10．The teacher told the children ______ quiet in the museum.A．keep B．kept C．keeping D．to keep11．Look over there! There is a long, winding path ________ up to the house.A．lead B．leadingC．led D．to lead12．If it _____ earlier, the printing machine would not have broken down．A．has been repaired B．is repairedC．had been repaired D．was repaired13．We’d better take umbrellas—I’m sure it ________ when we arrive in London; it’s always wet there at this time of year.A．will rain B．is rainingC．will be raining D．would rain14．What made them miss the deadline was not their lack of funding, but ________ their lack of planning.A．even B．stillC．rather D．ever15．After having some alcohol, drivers tend to speed when passing streets with less people.A．pull up B．put up C．rise up D．pick up16．Y ou are subject to punishment if you fail to ________ to the customs when carrying the prohibited articles listed above.A．state B．declareC．announce D．communicate17．While working in Kunming, he checked the weather each morning for months ________he realized it would be the same every day.A．when B．afterC．before D．since18．The leaders of the BRICS countries Friday reached important ________ on building an open world economy and improving global economic governance(管理) during their informal meeting on the sidelines of the G20 Summit in Hamburg, Germany.A．consideration B．consensusC．commitment D．confirmation19．If you want to see a doctor，you fix a date with him ahead of time.That is a common ________ in the USA．A．view B．exerciseC．practice D．reality20．Though lacking the necessary working experience, my cousin got the job ______ her confidence and flexibility.A．in terms of B．in response toC．by virtue of D．with respect to第二部分阅读理解（满分40分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
2020届上海虹口高级中学高三英语模拟试题及参考答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AKate Humble: Books that changed my lifeKate Humble is a writer and broadcaster specializing in science, wildlife and rural affairs. Together with her husband site runs Humble by Nature, a rural skills education centre on working farm near Monmouth intheWyeValley.Winnie the Poohby A A MilneMy father used to read this to me when I was very young — he used different voices for all the animals. The characterization (角色设定) was so clever; we all know someone just like each inhabitant of the HundredAcre Wood: gloomy Eeyore; thick but loyal Pooh; enthusiastic Tigger.A A Milne was masterful in exploring the way they got along together, opening my eyes to how society really works.Last Chance to Seeby Douglas Adams and Mark CarwardineThis book tells of the authors, adventures as they set out to find the rarest of animals, those on the edge of extinction.Their travels are rather exciting and they share a wonderful humour, which really appealed to me. Yet underpinning (支撑) everything is the realization that we can't just sit back and allow species to disappear. PicturePalaceby Paul TherouxI've always loved Theroux's travel writing, but this novel took my breath away. The words aren't long or complicated but, fromthat first paragraph, his writing grabs you by the nose hairs and drags you along. I had an art teacher who told me, “You're only an artist when you've found your own style, not when you're copying someone else, and Theroux represents this.”1. Why did the author mention the characterization ofWinnie the Pooh?A. To indicate the book has realistic values.B. To show how adorable the characters are.C. To persuade people to learn from the characters.D. To prove the writer is good at creating characters.2. What didLast Chance to Seestrike into Kate's heart?A. Curiosity.B. Responsibility.C. Exploration.D. Devotion.3. Which writer does Kate Humble like for his original writing?A. A A Milne.B. Douglas Adams.C. Mark Carwardine.D. Paul Theroux.BThere are similarities and differences between high school life and college life.For one thing, there are several similarities between high school life and collegelife. First, the most important task in high school and college is both studying. Studying is the most important as a student. Second, we need a goal to fight for in both high school life and college life. To lead a meaningful life, we have to set up a goal to achieve.For another, there are also some differences between high school life and college life. First, our studying is also the biggest difference. In high school, we are required to follow our teachers' steps and finish theirassignmentsevery day. While in college, there are no teachers giving such detailed requirements to us and we can choose study or not according to our own willing. What and how to study totally depends on us. Therefore, the ability of self-control is very important in college life. Second, the flexibility (灵活性) of time is another difference. In high school, we have no much leisure except for our time of study. However, in college, we have much controlled by ourselves except the time of classes. And we have more time to do what we like. Finally, college lifeis much more various and richer. Besides study, we can attend many other activities, which make our college life more wonderful.In brief, there are both similarities and differences between high school life and college life. However, no matter we are in which period, we need to make full use of every day so that we will never feel regretful.4. Why do students need a goal to fight in high school and college?A. To enter a good college.B. To avoid living a meaningless life.C. To develop the ability of control.D. To meet their parents’ satisfaction.5. What does the underlined word “assignments” in paragraph 3 probably mean?A. Projects.B. Tasks.C. Goals.D. Dreams.6. Which is the correct structure of the passage?A. ①-②③-④B. ①②-③-④C. ①-②③④D.①②-③④7. Which of the following can be the best title for the text?A. College LifeB. High School LifeC. High School and CollegeD. High School Life and College LifeCDragon boating is a team sport that has its root in ancient China. The boats are decorated with a dragon head and tail. In recent years cancer survivor groups have got involved in the sport to help make friends and help rebuild their lives.On a recent Saturday morning, a group of 20 women were on a boat in the Anacostia River in Washington DC. They moved their paddles(船桨)in rhythm to the call of a coach. The women belong to the dragon boat team GoPink! DC, which trains weekly. It also races against other breast cancer survivor teams in dragon boat festivals. As a result, GoPink! DC won medals in this Washington dragon boat festival.Lydia Collins joined five years ago after finding out she had breast cancer. “I was diagnosed with breast cancer.I was demoralized because of my illness - I lost all interest in life and wouldn't even get out of bed to eat. But now I love the team spirit. I just love everything about it. It is like a floating support group on the water.”The paddles are breast cancer survivors and their supporters. Annette Rothemel helped establish(建立)the group in 2006. She is a researcher with the National Institutes of Health as well as a breast cancer survivor. “It is sort of an easy entry sport because on the same boat people at different levels can be doing the same sport.” But Ms Rothemel saysdragon boating can be physically demanding, especially for someone who is sick and getting treatment for cancer.“It’s hard but I think you have to challenge yourself in life. This is something I look forward to. I get to be out here with my sisters and supporters that understand what I’m going through and help motivate me. So it makes me stronger and it makes me feel better,” another cancer survivor Rhonda Hartzel said.Annette Rothemel says the cancer survivors feel a sense of sisterhood and share good times when they paddle together. She says both feelings are treasured by the team.8. What do the underline wordsdemoralizedIn para.3 probably mean?A. depressedB. anxiousC. astonishedD. awkward9. What can we know about Lydia Collims from the text?A. she helps establish Go Pink !DCB. she tries to find a cure for the cancerC. she benefits from the dragon boat raceD. she gives up hope because of her illness10. How can the dragon boat race help the cancer survivorsA. forget their tough experiencesB. recover physically and mentallyC. get rid of the pains of their cancerD. enjoy their rest life without sufferings11. What does the text tell us about Annette Rothemel?A. she is an expert in studying the cause of the cancerB. she helps the cancer survivors in financial difficultiesC. she believes there is a healthful result from the dragon boat raceD. she thinks it unwise for the patient to join in the dragon boat raceDSpain's tourism industry is looking to Chinese tourists for its high-endmarket, according to Rafael Cascales, president of the Spain-China Tourism Association (ATEC). “It is the kind of tourism that is not only interested in the sun, beach and the “all-included” culture. They enjoy culture, wine, history and nature, and the new Chinese tourists would also want to spend more money in Spain," said Cascales in a recent interview with Xinhua.“They are younger, more women travel and they are more cosmopolitan (见多识广的).They also travel on their own or in couples or in smaller groups. The old-fashioned large groups of visitors have not disappeared, but this new form of traveling is becoming more important,55he said.Speaking of the consumption pattern of the new kind of Chinese tourists, Cascales said, “The money they spend is distributed better because they will book one flight with one airline, the hotel with another company and the restaurant with another.” In his eyes, “Chinese tourists are very important because they combine two things: there are a large number of them and they spend more money than anyone else — almost four times more than tourists from other countries." They not only travel abroad in the summer months when Spain has to competewith the sun and beaches in countries such as Turkey and Egypt, but also travel in the off-peak seasons of a year, according to Cascales.In 2017, Spain is the second most popular tourist destination in the world, only after France. It attracted about 82 million visitors, 700,000 of them from China, a number which is estimated to rise to about 2.2 million by 2022.“We are ready; we have the infrastructure (基础设施) at every level, especially in hotel capacity. Here those visitors can find what they are looking for, including the luxury items which distinguish them,” Cascales noted.12. What are the features of the new Chinese tourists according to Cascales?A. They are cautious about spending money in Spain.B. They are likely to travel in smaller groups now.C. They are only interested in the sun and beach.D. They are mainly male visitors of middle age.13. What can we learn about the consumption pattern of new Chinese tourists?A. They will reserve flights and hotels with different companies.B. They will spend less money than tourists from other countries.C. They will travel abroad only during the off-peak seasons.D. They will spend the money in different cities.14. What is done to meet the demands of Chinese tourists?A. Local cultures in Spain are promoted.B. Well-furnished hotels are provided.C. Best and expensive items are offered for free.D. More shopping sites are constructed.15. What is the purpose of this text?A. To introduce the tourism industry of Spain.B. To show Spain's desire to attract Chinese tourists.C. To describe the features of Chinese tourists.D. To advertise Spain as a top tourist destination.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
2019-2020学年虹口新时代实验学校高三英语一模试卷及答案解析第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AIt looks like 2017 is shaping up to be a record-breaking year in movie History. Here is a list of some of the year’s biggest blockbusters so far.Kong: Skull IslandA reboot (重启) of King Kong would normally get laughed at in this day and age, but it looks like this modem version of the story will be worth watching. With US actress Brie Larson and UK actor Tom Hiddleston in the mix, this film is set to be this year’s biggest monster tale.Release Date:3/10/17Beauty and the BeastDirector Bill Condon is bringing back a part of our childhood in live action, complete with the songs we all remember and love. With British stars Emma Watson and Dan Stevens leading thecast, the classic Walt Disney story already sounds like it’ll be a delight for both children and adults.Release Date:3/17/17The Fate of the FuriousThere was doubt that we’d even get a Fast 8, especially after the fitting ending US actor Paul Walker’s character was given at the end of Furious 7. Fans thought they’d never see Dom and the rest of the crew back in action, but thankfully, US star Vin Diesel himself confirmed that The Fate of the Furious is fueling up for another go.Release Date:4/14/17Spider-Man: HomecomingSpider Man is heading home to Marvel Studios for the first time. The movie will show us Peter Parker’s high school days, and will continue the threads we saw formed during his initial appearance in Captain America: Civil War. We know that Michael Keaton is playing The Vulture in this story, and that both Happy Hogan and Tony Stark, played by US actors Jon Favreau and Robert Downey Jr., are along for the ride.Release Date:7/7/171.Which of the following movies can’t you see on May Day?A.Kong: Skull Island.B.Beauty and the Beast.C.The Fate of the Furious.D.Spider-Man: Homecoming.2.What can we know about Beauty and the Beast?A.It is fueling up for another go.B.It is produced by Marvel StudiosC.It’ll show us Peter Parker’s school days.D.It’ll be enjoyable for both children and adults.3.What does the underlined word “cast” probably mean?A.Characters.B.Actors.C.Directors.D.Teachers.BTyphoons can be deadly — in 2013, Typhoon Haiyan, the strongest ever recorded, was responsible for 6,340 deaths—and cost billions in damages. Current forecast modelscan only predict these storms 10 days in advance, at most, and they cannot precisely predict how intense the storms will become.An international team of researchers has developed a model that analyzes nearly a quarter of Earth’s surface and atmosphere in order to better predict the conditions that birth typoons.“The target problem of this study is how to foretell the birth of typhoons,” said paper author Mingkui Li, associate professor in the Key Laboratory of Physical Oceanography in the Ocean University of China and the Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology (QNLM). “We specifically address three aspects: the beginning time, inner pressure and maximum wind speed.”The researchers also accounted for the influence of one variable(变量) on another, such as wind speed on sea surface temperature. This influence is well understood and accounted for in climate predictions and in weather forecasts, butithas not been fully applied in understanding how long-term climate affects day-to-day weather, according to Li. “We aimed to provide insights on the time scale that can be used to forecast typhoons in advance.”From their study, the researchers determined that a model with the ability to better understand the relationship between warm sea surface temperatures and weak wind movement— conditions that favor typhoon formation—could improve typhoon predictability.“Our goal is to develop a 10 to 30-day prediction system that will lead to seamless(无缝的) weather-climate predictions.” Shaoqing Zhang, paper author and professor in the Key Laboratory of Physical Oceanography, said.4. What is the problem with the present forecast system?A. It cannot foretell storms in advance.B. It is ineffective in accuracy and timeliness.C. It costs too much and causes great damages.D. It can hardly predict the intensity of typhoons.5. What does the underlined word “it” in paragraph 4 refer to?A. The variable.B. The climateC. The temperature.D. The influence.6. What is the purpose of the study?A. To advance the prediction system.B. To figure out the three main aspects.C. To know how climate affects daily weather.D. To understand the influence of the variables.7. Where is this text most likely from?A. Awork diary.B. A travel guidebook.C. A science magazine.D. A fantasy fiction.COne weekend I went toBuffaloto talk at a writers' conference organized by a group of women writers. The women were serious about their writing skills, and the articles they had written were solid and useful. They asked me to take part in a radio talk show earlier in the week to publicize the conference-they would be with the host in the studio and I would be on a telephone linking from my apartment inNew York.The appointed evening arrived, and my phone rang, and the host came on and greeted me. He said he had three lovely ladies in the studio with him and he was eager to find out what we all thought of the present state of literature and what advice we had for all his listeners who were members of the literati and had literary ambitions themselves.This hearty introduction dropped like a stone among us, and none of the three lovely ladies said anything, which I thought was the proper response.The silence lengthened, and finally I said, “I think we should stop mentioning the words literature and literary and literati. We're here to talk about the skills of writing.” Iknew that the host had been given information about what kind of writers we were and what we wanted to discuss. But he had no other preparation. "Tell me what insights do you have about the literary experience inAmericatoday?” Silence also greeted this question.He didn’t know what to do with that, and he began to mention the names of authors like Ernest Hemingway and Saul Bellow and William Styron, whom we surely regarded as literary giants. We said those writers didn't happen to be our models, and we mentioned people like Lewis Thomas and Joan Didion and Gary Wills, whom he hadn't heard of. We explained that these were writers we admired. “But don't you want to write anything literary?” our host said We were speechless.It was one of the all-time upset radio talk shows.8. What do we know about the talk show?A. It was organized by women writers.B. It was publicized at the conference.C. The author went toBuffaloto take part in it.D. The author participated in it inNew York.9. What does the underlined sentence in paragraph 2 mean?A. The introduction struck us heavily with a stone.B. The introduction received embarrassing response.C. The introduction increased the listeners' interest.D. The introduction carried the host's praise for us.10. What was the author's reaction when the host mentioned the three great literary- giants?A. Excited.B. Inspired.C. Uninterested.D. Satisfied.11. Who may be the author's model?A. Joan Didion.B. Ernest Hemingway.C. Saul Bellow.D. William Styron.DOne day, when I was working as a psychologist（心理学家）in England, an adolescent boy showed up in my office. It was David. He kept walking up and down restlessly, his face pale, and his hands shaking slightly. His head teacher had referred him to me.“This boy has lost his family,” he wrote. “He is understandably very sad and refuses to talk to others, and I’m very worried about him. Can you help?”I looked at David and showed him to a chair. How could I help him? There are problems psychology doesn’t have the answer to, and which no words can describe. Sometimes the best thing one can do is to listen openly and sympathetically（同情）The first two times we met, David didn’t say a word. He sat there, only looking up to look at the children’sdrawings on the wall behind me. I suggested we play a game of chess. He nodded. After that he played chess with me every Wednesday afternoon---in complete silence and without looking at me. It’s not easy to cheat in chess, but I admit I made sure David won once or twice.Usually, he arrived earlier than agreed, took the chess board and pieces from the shelf and began setting them up before I even got a chance to sit down. It seemed as if he enjoyed my company（陪伴）. But why did he never look at me?“Perhaps he simply needs someone to share his pain with,” I thought. “Perhaps he senses that I respect his suffering.” Some months later, when we were playing chess, he looked up at me suddenly.“It’s your tum,” he said.After that day, David started talking. He got friends in school and joined a bicycle club. He wrote to me a few times, about his biking with some friends, and about his plan to get into university. Now he had really started to live his own life.Maybe I gave David something. But I also learned that one…without any words---can reach out to another person. All it takes is a hug, a shoulder to cry on, a friendly touch, and an ear that listens.12. When he first met the author, David .A. felt a little excitedB. looked a little nervousC. walked energeticallyD. showed up with his teacher13. David enjoyed being with the author because he .A. wanted to ask the author for adviceB. liked the children’s drawings in the officeC. beat the author many times in the chess gameD. needed to share sorrow with the author14. What can be inferred about David?A. He liked biking before he lost his family.B. He recovered after months of treatment.C. He went into university soon after starting to talk.D. He got friends in school before he met the author.15. What made David change?A. The author’s silent communication with him.B. His teacher’s help.C. The author’s friendship.D. His exchange of letters with the author.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
2020年上海各区高三英语一模汇编—选词填空（含答案）（精校版）One【虹口区】Section BDirections: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.How do Cigarettes Affect the Body?Cigarettes aren’t good for us. But how exactly do cigarettes harm us? Let’s look at what happens as their ingredients make their way through our bodies, and how we benefit (31) _______ when we finally give up smoking.Inside the airways and lungs, smoke increases the (32) _______ of infections as well as long -lasting diseases. It does this by damaging the tiny hair -like tissues which keep the airways clean. That’s one of the reasons smoking can lead to oxygen loss and (33) _______ of breath.Within about 10 seconds, the bloodstream carries a stimulant called nicotine to the brain, creating the (34) _______ sensations which make smoking highly addictive. Nicotine and other chemicals from the cigarette, at the same time, cause tightness of blood tubes, restricting blood flow. These effects on blood tubes lead to (35) _______ of blood tube walls, increasing the possibility of heart attacks and strokes.Many of the chemicals inside cigarettes can activate dangerous (36) _______ in the body’s DNA that make cancers form. In fact, about one of every three cancer deaths in the United States is caused by smoking. And it’s not just lung cancer. Smoking can cause cancer in multiple tissues and organs, as well as damaged eyesight and (37) _______ bones. It makes it harder for women to get pregnant. And in men, it can cause long-term damages of body functions.But for those who quit smoking, there’s a huge positive upside with almost (38) _______ and long-lasting physical benefits. A day after ceasing, heart attack risk begins to decrease as blood pressure and heart rates (39) _______. Lungs become healthier after about one month, with less coughing. After ten years, the chances of developing fatal lung cancer go down by 50%, probably because the body’s ability to repair DNA is once again restored.There’s no point pretending this is all easy to achieve. Quitting can lead to anxiety and depression. Butfortunately, such effects are usually (40) _______. Advice and support groups and moderate intensity exercise also help smokers stay cigarette - free. That’s good news, since quitting puts you and your body on the path back to health.31.G 32. C 33. I 34. A 35. E 36. B 37. K 38. F 39. J 40. HTwo【黄浦区】Section BDirections: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.Beyond Mobile Money: The Future of Asia’s FinTechMobile money has been the hottest part in financial technology for the last few years. But FinTech is more than just how people store money and transact（交易）-- the space is much more horizontal, short cutting how we create, share, and protect value.The latest product of FinTech companies to （31）_________ in Asia Pacific illustrates the many ways the space can help consumers beyond just their mobile wallet. It is important for all businesspersons to be aware of these trends, as their success opens up all sorts of possibilities for companies to （32）________ with them. And, on a much deeper level, new FinTechs may(33) ______________ consumer expectations in even other tech industries. The Smart-phone Emerges a Credit - Scoring StandardWith close to half a billion(34）____________ consumers in Southeast Asia alone, there is an entire industry of FinTechs devoted to finding ways to accurately determine their credit - worthiness to give them（35）________ to finance. Unfortunately, since they don’t have bank accounts, such FinTechs cannot rely on（36）________ financial information or credit card payments.One credit scoring source emerging as a new standard in the field is smart-phone-based credit scoring. It has （37）____________ broad global support, including from the likes of the World-Bank. In one of its reports, the Asian Development Bank even stated that mobile data was a key to financial（38）__________, as it could improve customer recording, and, in turn, get an access to credit.AI Combines with the Wisdom of the CrowdThe most common slogan in today’s tech headlines is the “artificial intelligence.” Readers are fascinated with how AI has the（39）______ to transform every consumer and enterprise（企业）industry. While such focusis appropriate that AI will （40）_______ change the world, it leaves out a crucial element that will go hand - in -hand with its rise: the wisdom of the crowd.31-40 BEGKA JHCFDThree【浦东新区】Section BDirections: After reading the passage below, fill in each blank with a proper word given in the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one more word than you need.Criticism of the Fast FashionIn the 2006 film version of The Devil Wears Prada, Miranda Priestly, played by Meryl Streep, scolds her unattractive assistant for imagining that high fashion doesn’t affect her. Priestly explains how the deep blue color of the assistant’s sweater was (31) ______ over the years from fashion shows to departments stores and to the bargain bin in which the poor girl probably found her clothes.This top-down concept of the fashion business couldn’t be more out of date or in conflict with the mad world described in Overdressed, Elizabeth Cline’s three-year accusation of “fast fashion”. In the last decade or so, (32) ______in technology have allowed mass-market labels such as Zara, H&M, and Uniqlo to react to trends more quickly and predict demand more(33) ______. Quicker turnarounds mean less wasted stock, more frequent release, and more profit. These labels encourage style-conscious consumers to see clothes as disposable—meant to last only a wash or two, although they don’t advertise that—and to (34) ______ their wardrobe( 衣橱) every few weeks. By offering on-trend items at dirt-cheap prices, Cline argues, these brands have controlled fashion cycles, shaking an industry long (35) ______ to a seasonal pace.The (36) ______ of this revolution, of course, are not limited to designers. For H&M to offer a $5.95 knit miniskirt in all its 2,300-plus stores around the world, it must rely on low-wage overseas labor, order in volumes that (37) ______ natural resources, and use massive amounts of harmful chemicals.Towards the end of Overdressed, Cline introduced her ideal, a Brooklyn woman named Sarah Kate Beaumont, who since 2008 has made all of her own clothes—and beautifully. But as Cline is the first to note, it took Beaumont decades to perfect her craft; her example can’t be imitated.Though several fast-fashion companies have made efforts to (38) ______ their impact on labor and theenvironment—including H&M, with its green Conscious Collection line—Cline believes lasting change can only be made by customers. She exhibits the idealism (39) ______ to many advocates of sustainability, be it in food or in energy. Vanit y( 虚荣心 ) is a constant; people will only start shopping more (40) ______ when they can’t afford not to.31-40 HBGIA KEFDJFour【长宁/金山区】Section BDirections: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.Marketing the MoonAn astronaut, a little hop and a witty quote: Neil Armstrong’s first lunar（月球的）footstep is deep-rooted in the minds of all humankind. But that first moon landing might not have been such a(n) (31)_______ moment if it weren’t for NASA’s clever PR (Public Relations) team.Richard Jurek is a marketing(32) ________ and co-author of the book marketing the Moon: The Selling of the Apollo Lunar Program. He says NASA’s move to real-time, open communication made the 1969 Apollo 11 landing “the first positive viral event that (33)________ the world’s attention.”Before NASA was established in 1958, rockets were the military’s territory; that secretiveness carried over into the space agency’s early days. At first, NASA followed a “fire in the tail” rule, only (34)_________ a rocket’s launch when it was successfully in the air. But as the agency evolved, it started announcing more details about the Apollo program. It （35）_________its astronauts, talked openly about mission goals and challenges, and shared launch times so people could watch. “If it had been run like it was under the military,” Jurek says, “we would not have had that sense of drama, that sense of involvement, that sense of wonder, that（36）_________.” Instead, all the PR and press promotion in the years ahead of Apollo 11 brought the human spaceflight program into people’s living rooms and imaginations.As the drama neared its peak, NASA’s PR officials pushed for live TV broadcasts of the first humans to walkon the moon. Not everyone thought it was a good idea. The technology for live lunar broadcasts, and cameras small enough to keep the cargo（37）__________, didn’t exist at the point. Some engineers worried that developing that equipment would （38）________ from efforts to achieve the landing itself. But NASA’s communications team argued that telling the story was as vital as the （39）__________ itself. Live TV would bring the American people -- and international viewers -- along for the ride.Come landing day, which（40）______ fell on a Sunday, more than half a billion people worldwide crowded around TVs and radios for the historic moment. “We were able to come together and do something that was exciting and interesting and brought the world together,” says David Meer-man Scott, marketing strategist and co-author of Marketing the Moon. “I don’t know that we’ve done anything like that since.”31-35 HFBIC 36-40 KGEADFive【徐汇区】Section BDirections: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.Microplastic PollutionIn the past few years, scientists have found microplastics in our soil, tap water, bottled water, beer and even in the air we breathe. And there's growing concern about the (31) ______ health risks they pose to humans.The new analysis in the UK have discovered microplastics widely (32) ______ across all 10 lakes and rivers sampled. More than 1,000 small pieces of plastic per litre were found in the River Tame, which was (33) ______ last year as the most polluted place tested worldwide. Even in relatively remote places such as the Falls of Dochart and Loch Lomond in Scotland, two or three pieces per litre were found.Microplastics are not a (34) ______ kind of plastic, but rather any type of small pieces of plastic that is less than 5 mm in length according to the U.S. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. They may (35) ______ from a variety of sources, including cosmetics, clothing, and industrial processes.Humans are known to (36) ______ the tiny plastic particles through food and water, but the possible health effects on people and ecosystems have yet to be determined. One study, in Singapore, has found that microplastics can (37) ______ harmful microbes（微生物）.Research by the National University of Singapore found more than 400 types of bacteria on 275 pieces of microplastic collected from local beaches. They included insects that cause gastroenteritis （肠胃炎）and wound (38) ______ in humans.“Microplastics are being found (39) ______ everywhere but we do not know the harm they could be doing,” said Christian Dunn at Bangor University, Wales, who led the work. “It's no use looking back in 20 years' time and saying: ‘If only we'd realized just how bad it was.' We need to be monitoring our waters now and we need to think, as a coun try and a world, how we can be reducing our (40) ______ on plastic.”31-40 GAKHI DECBFSix【闵行区】Section BDirections: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.Time: is there ever enough of it? In today’s modern world, most of us are(31) __________ with so-called time-saving devices and technological advancements and work less both at the office and at home. But why do we still feel busier?A study by Derek Thompson on the “myth” of being busy suggests that while （32）__________ brought us convenience, it also brought us new headaches. Consider the idea of FOMO (fear of missing out). Knowing exactly what we’re missing out makes us feel guilty or anxious about the（33）________ for our time and our ability to use it effectively.While being informed is important, it can lead to anxiety about keeping up with the times. If you find yourself unable to stop scrolling through Twitter, turn off the phone and take a mental break. Practice JOMO (joy of missing out), a(n) （34）__________ on life that’s a direct contradiction to FOMO. Get rid of feelings of guilt and “shoulds” and replace them with mindfulness and living in the moment.Another thing technology has （35）_________ us is the blurring（难以区分）between work and downtime. While constant connection has made the workday much more flexible, it’s also harder to turn off at the end of the day. Always being “on” is a(n) （36）________ state of mind. Consider putting a hard stop on media and electronicdevices an hour or two before bed.Of course, if you want to move up the corporate ladder and get a bigger paycheck, working long hours has long been a（37）__________strategy. But if you don’t have passion for your job or care about what you do, you might just be working yourself into more（38）__________.People working the same hours feel completely different levels of time pressure depending on their passion. If most of the hours are spent doing something you don’t feel （39）____ about, it’s no wonder you start to feel out of control and anxious about your time. Taking back control of your time can ease this mental stress. Therefore, your time management goal shouldn’t be to figure out how to do more, but （40）___ to figure out how to want less.31-40 JAEHG KIBFCSeven【奉贤区】Section BDirections: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.Flood-hit Venice’s shrinking population faces mounting problems Venetians(威尼斯人) are fed up with what they see as inadequate responses to the city’s mounting problems: record-breaking flooding, environmental and safety threats from cruise ship traffic and the burden on services from over-tourism.They feel largely left to their own devices, with ever-fewer Venetians living in the historic part of the city to （31）its interests and keep it from becoming mainly a tourist land.The historic flooding this week---marked by three floods over 1.5 meters (nearly 5 feet) and the highest in 53 years at 1.87 meters(6 feet, 1 inch)---has（32）calls to create an administration that recognizes the uniqueness of Venice, for both its concentration of treasures and its（33）vulnerability.Flood damage has been（34）estimated at hundreds of millions of Euros (dollars), but the true range will only become clear with time. The frustration goes far beyond the failure to complete and（35）78 underwater barriers that were designed to prevent just the kind of damage that Venice has（36）this week.With the system not yet completed or even（37）tested after 16 years of work and 5 billion Euros ($5.5 billion) invested, many are suspicious it will even work.At the public level, proposals for better administering the city including（38）some level of autonomy(自制) to Venice, already enjoyed by some Italian regions like Trentino-Alto-Adige with its German-speaking minority, or offering tax（39）to encourage Venice’s repopulation.Just 53,000 people live in the historic part of the city that tourists know as Venice, down by a third from a generation ago and dropping by about 1,000 people a year. That means fewer people watching the neighborhood, monitoring for public maintenance（40）or neighbors in need. Many leave because of the increased expense or the daily difficulties in living in a city of canals, which can make even a simple errand a hard journey.31-40 BEAKJ GCHFIEight【静安区】Section BDirections: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.Founding Father of China’s Nuclear ProgramUnder the terms of the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty(不扩散核武器条约), only five countries are considered to be “nuclear-weapon states.” China is one of them. This military achievement would have been （31）-__ __ without the contribution of Deng Jiaxian, a leading organizer of China’s nuclear weapon programs.Deng went to the United States in 1948 for further study, and received a doctorate in physics two years later. Just nine days after graduation, the then 26-year-old returned to the newly-founded People’s Republic of China with （32）___________ physics knowledge. He became a research fellow under the leadership of Qian Sanqiang and started his theoretical nuclear research in cooperation with Yu Min.From1958 on, Deng spent over 20 years working（33）__________ with a team of young scientists on the development of China’s first atomic and hydrogen bombs. Originally, they were prepared to receive training by experts from the Soviet Union. Soon after, however, the Soviet government tore up its （34）__________ withChina and removed all its experts. Deng had to lead the team of 28 members with an average age of 23 on a mission to （35）__35__ the mysterious power of atomic physics.There was ridicule (嘲笑) following the（36）______________ of the Soviet experts that China wouldn’t be able to build an atomic bomb within 20 years. Deng said to his colleagues, “It is in the interest of the Chinese people to develop nuclear weapons. We must be willing to be unknown heroes for our lifetime. It is worth the risk of suffering, and it is worth our（37）_________ to this cause.”As the leader of China’s atomic bomb design, Deng gave lessons himself and organized a team to translate and study the （38）__________ foreign language materials. In the meantime, he never stopped thinking about the direction of atomic bomb development.Following the successful test of the first atomic bomb in 1964, Deng joined the research group led by Yu Min. They immediately started the design of the hydrogen bomb, which was（39）__________ in 1967. From the first atomic bomb to the first hydrogen bomb, China spent only two years and eight months on development .Deng passed away in 1986 because of cancer. In the last month of his life, the 28-year secret experience of this great scientist was （40）__ _, and his reputation began to spread throughout China. In 1999, along with 22 other scientists, he was awarded the special prize of “Two Bombs, One Satellite Meritorious Medal” for his contribution to Chinese military science.31-40KFACG IEBDHNine【崇明县】Section BDirections: After reading the passage below, fill in each blank with a proper word given in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.Stephen Hawking: The Extraordinary Scientist Who Changed Our Understanding of PhysicsThere aren’t very many scientists who achieved rock star status. Stephen Hawking was definitely one of them.Hawking was a theoretical physicist whose early work on black holes （31）____________ how scientiststhink about the nature of the universe. Lawrence Krauss, a theoretical physicist from Arizona State University and a friend and colleague of Hawking's, says that at a young age. Hawking （32）__________ something “truly remarkable”. Krauss says before Hawking，physicists thought that the large gravity of a black hole（33）____________ everything in and nothing could escape. But by combining quantum mechanics (量子力学）and the theory of relativity, Hawking showed something and changed everything about the way we think about gravity. Krauss says Hawking pointed out a(n) （34）___________ problem in the way physicists understand our world一a problem that Krauss says has yet to be resolved.But his fame wasn’t just a(n) （35）___________ of his research. Hawking, who had a rare disease that made it impossible for him to move or speak, was also a popular public（36）___________ and best-selling author. When he came to scientific conferences，the audience focused their attention on him. And it wasn’t just the scientists but the general public as well who showed great （37）___________ for him. His popular book about his work, A Brief History of Time, was a best-seller. But he agreed that that book was probably the least-read, most-bought book ever. This showed Hawking's sense of humor.That sense of humor, along with his fame,（38）__________ Hawking to appear on The Simpsons several times as well as on a number of other popular shows.Toward the end of his life, Hawking’s disease left him almost（瘫痪的）.It look an enormous （39）__ __ for Hawking to communicate, using the tiny movements he could make to control a computer. It’s tempting to say that Hawking achieved his fame in spite of his （40）________ challenges.31. D32. F33. A34. J35. C 36. H37. I38. B39. G40. ETen【普陀区】Section BDirections: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.Autism Spectrum DisorderAutism Spectrum Disorder, or ASD, affects how people communicate with and relate to others. Most people with autism don’t understand some of the basic social (31)__________that others take for granted. They might have trouble making eye contact, holding a conversation, or recognizing gestures. And over one-third of peoplewith ASD are nonverbal, meaning they don’t use speech. Along with communication（32）___________, people with autism often like to follow certain patterns or（33）__________ behaviors. Many are sensitive to bright light or loud noises, and others have physical problems, like trouble walking or picking up small objects. Some have（34）_____________disabilities, but about half have average or above average IQs. It’s also common for people with autism to have a great long-term memory for certain details, and many excel in math, science, music, or art.With such a wide variety of symptoms, no two people with ASD are alike. The behaviors vary so much that they used to be（35）_________as different disorders. One was Asperger Syndrome, where people obsess over particular topics,（36）__________nonverbal social cues, and may not understand appropriate social behaviors.Even though there’s no cure for ASD, therapy and medication can help people adjust. Scientists are also doing clinical （37）_________to find other solutions. They’ve learned that 1 out of every 68 children in the US has the disorder, but they still aren’t sure what causes it.No matter why it happens, ASD is being （38）____ at a higher rate every year. This doesn’t mean it’s becoming more common. It just means more people are aware of the condition and getting professional help early, and awareness is (39)___ . The more we learn about autism, the more we can understand and relate to those who have it.It’s important to note that people with ASD deserve the same respect, fairness and chances that people without ASD receive. This will help people with ASD （40）____ and grow in our communities.31-40 B G J F C I K E D AEleven【嘉定区】Section BDirections: After reading the passage below, fill in each blank with a proper word given in the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one more word than you need.Emphasizing social play in kindergarten improves academicsEmphasizing social play and students helping one another in kindergarten improves academic outcomes, self-control and attention regulation, finds new UBC research. The study, published in the journal PLOS One, found this approach to kindergarten curriculum also (31) children’s joy in learning and teachers' enjoyment of teaching.“Before children have the ability to sit for long periods (32) information, they need to be allowed to be (33) and be encouraged to learn by doing, " said Adele Diamond, the study's lead author. "Indeed, people of all ages learn better by doing than by being told”.Through a controlled experiment, Diamond and her colleagues (34)______ the effectiveness of a curriculum called Tools of the Mind(Tools). The curriculum was introduced to willing kindergarten teachers and 351 children with different backgrounds in 18 public schools.Tools was developed in 1993 by two American researchers. Its basic (35)______is that social-emotional development and improving self-control is as important as teaching academic skills and content. The Tools (36)_______ the role of social play in developing skills such as self-control, selective attention and planning. “Skills like self-control and selective attention are necessary for learning. They are often more strongly associated with school readiness(入学资格)than intelligence quotient(Q),” said Diamonds. “This experiment is the first to show (37)______ of a curriculum emphasizing social play.”Teachers reported more (38)_______behavior and greater sense of community in Tools classes. Late in the school year, Tools teachers reported they still felt (39)_______and excited about teaching, while teachers in the control group were exhausted. "I have enjoyed seeing the (40)________ progress my students have made in writing and reading.” said a Tools teacher in Vancouver. “I have also enjoyed seeing the students get so excited about coming to school and learning. They loved all the activities so much that many students didn't want to miss school, even if they were sick.”31-35 GHFJB 36-40 AIDECTwelve【松江区】Section BDirections: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.Is it possible to make paper without trees? Australian businessmen Kevin Garcia and Jon Tse spent a year researching a possible （31）__________ that could serve as a possible raw material for making paper. Then Garcia read about a Taiwanese company making commercial paper out of stone and a(n)（32）___________ struck.A year later, in July 2017, they launched Karst Stone Paper. The company produces paper without using wood or water. Their source is stone waste （33）_________ from construction sites and other industrial waste dumps.“If you look at the whole process of how paper is traditionally made, it （34）_________ chopping trees, adding chemicals, using lots of water and then（35）___________, drying and flattening it into sheets of paper,” said Garcia. “It contributes to high carbon emission and deforestation.”In 2019, Garcia estimates Karst’s paper production has helped save 540 large timber trees（成材木）from being deforested, 83,100 liters (21,953 gallons) of water from being used and 25,500 kilograms (56,218 pounds) of carbon dioxide from being （36）________.“We collect disposed limestone（石灰石）from wherever we can find it, wash it, and grind it into fine powder,” he said. The powder is mixed with a HDPE resin（高密度聚乙烯树脂）, which （37）___________ over time from sunlight, leaving only calcium carbonate（碳酸钙）behind.The paper can be as thin as notebook paper or as thick as a cardboard paper and is waterproof, （38）_______and difficult to tear. The notebooks cost $10 to $25. Karst’s products are mainly sold through the company’s website, but are also stocked in 100 stores,（39）___________ throughout Australia, the United States and the United Kingdom. “Over 70% of the customers are US - based,” he said.The hope to have the notebooks in 1,000 stores by the end of the year. Garcia said they are now thinking about （40）____________investors for the first time in order to scale up their operations. They declined to reveal how much the company makes or their annual revenue.31- 40 DGJHI KCFEAThirteen【杨浦区】Section BDirections: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.Bottle Found at Sea Used for Scientific PurposeCombing the beach for shells, sea glass, or colorful rocks is a leisure activity enjoyed by many. Some even use metal detectors to find buried treasure or other objects. Only the lucky few have (31)______ a message in a bottle that was dropped off by the tide. The tradition of putting a letter to an unknown recipient into a bottle and throwing it into the ocean has an interesting past. An early (32)______ use for the practice was revealed when the oldest。
2020年上海各区高三英语一模汇编—六选四（含答案）（精校版）One【虹口区】Section CDirections: Read the passage carefully. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.Is Multitasking Always Good?Not only do smartphones provide unrestricted access to information, they provide perfect opportunities to multitask. Any activity can be accompanied by music, selfies or social media updates. Of course, some people pick poor times to tweet or text, and lawmakers have stepped in. (67)________ In Honolulu, it's illegal to text or even look at your phone while crossing the street, and in the Netherlands they've banned texting while biking.(68)________ You need to self-regulate. Understanding how the brain multitasks and why we find multitasking so appealing will help you realize the danger of pulling out your phone.Multitasking feels like doing two things at the same time, so it seems the danger lies in asking one mental process to do two unrelated things— for texting drivers, watching the screen and the road.Twenty states have instituted bans on driving using a hand-held phone while still allowing hands-free calls. Yet hands-free or hand-held makes no difference. (69)________ The real problem is the switch of attention between the conversation and the road, and that affects performance.People sense this, and when on the phone they drive slower and increase their following distance, but they are far too confident that these measures reduce risks. This overconfidence extends to other activities.A 2015 survey showed that a majority of students who use social media, text or watch TV while studyingthink that they can still comprehend the material they're studying.People don't multitask merely because they see no harm in it; they see benefits. (70)_________ Most people will still choose to multitask. But they should, at the very least, be fully aware of how that choice affects them and the potential consequences for themselves and others They need to pay attention to how much— or how little—they are paying attention.【答案】67C, 68A, 69E, 70B【解析】67.空格前后两句都是在讲开车时用手机的事情，所以选择C选项，在这里用手机是被禁止的68. 从空格后面说你需要自我管理来看，前面是在说法律有些东西是管不了的69. E选项中的代词they代指前面的hands-free or hand-held70. 前面说人们看到这件事情的好处，所以空格这里应该介绍具体的好处，所以是BTwo【黄浦区】Section CDirections: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.Sustainable Transport in CitiesTransport has always shaped cities. In Medieval times crossroads gave birth to blooming market towns. Many North American cities were created for the car. But how are the cities of today being shaped by a need for more sustainable transport?Many local governments are speeding up change through policy initiatives such as joined transport, congestion charges and low emission zones, sustainable gaining and lifecycle costing, and opening data upto companies and academics. And these city level policies can move markets in more sustainable directions. ___67___ This has resulted in five vehicle manufacturers committing to meeting that deadline, which is both in their own commercial interests and good for the environment.The least dense cities, for example, Houston, have per capita(人均的) carbon emissions nearly ten times higher than the densest, such as Singapore. ___68___ This involves gathering mixed use developments around a key transport center, as with the KL Central area in Kuala Lumpur, built around the largest railway station in Southeast Asia.___69___ Others are using motivations and behavioural change to encourage people to choose more efficient―and often healthier―forms of transport. Copenhagen has a number of progressive cycling policies including the Green Wave, which allows people cycling at 20km/h to hit all green lights during rush hour.Light weighting and new engine and fuel technologies are helping to make existing road and rail vehicles more efficient. ___70___ The main options are hydrogen fuel cells, fossil fuel hybrids, and electric vehicles, and the best solution may well vary from city to city.【答案】67D, 68E, 69F, 70B【解析】67.抓住空格后This has resulted in five vehicle manufacturers committing to meeting that deadline中的that deadline，选入的选项中应该有表示最后期限的信息。
2019-2020学年上海虹口高级中学高三英语一模试题及参考答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AWhile Jennifer was at home taking an online exam for her business law class, a monitor（监控器）a few hundred miles away was watching her every move.Using a web camera equipped in Jennifer'sLos Angelesapartment, the monitor inPhoenixtracked how frequently her eyes moved from the computer screen and listened for the secret sounds of a possible helper in the room. Her Internet access was locked remotely to prevent Internet searches, and her typing style was analyzed to make sure she was who she said she was: Did she enter her student number at the same speed as she had in the past？Or was she slowing down？In the battle against cheating, this is thecutting edgeand a key to encourage honesty in the booming field of online education. This technology gives trust to the entire system, to the institution and to online education in general. Only with solid measures against cheating, experts say, can Internet universities show that their exams and diplomas are valid — that students haven't searched the Internet to get the right answers.Although online classes have existed for more than a decade, the concern over cheating has become sharper in the last year with the growth of "open online courses". Private colleges, public universities and corporations are jumping into the online education field, spending millions of dollars to attract potential students, while also taking steps to help guarantee honesty at a distance.Aside from the web cameras, a number of other high-tech methods are becoming increasingly popular. Among them are programs that check students’ identities using personal information, such as the telephone numbers they once used.Other programs can produce unique exams by drawing on a large list of questions and can recognize possible cheaters by analyzing whether difficult test questions are answered at the same speed as easy ones. As in many university classes, term papers are scanned against some large Internet data banks for cheating.1. Why was Jennifer watched in an online exam?A. To correct her typing mistakes.B. To find her secrets in the room.C. To keep her from dishonest deeds.D. To prevent her from slowing down.2. What does the underlined expression "cutting edge" in Paragraph 3 probably mean?A. sharpening toolB. advanced techniqueC. effective ruleD. dividing line3. How can some programs find out possiblecheaters?A. By scanning the Internet test questions.B. By checking the question answering speed.C. By producing a large number of questions.D. By giving difficult test questions.BMusic is said to be a universal language. But for Chase Burton, a deaf filmmaker fromTexas, music has always been a totally different experience.“When I was a kid, I’d lie on the floor so I could feel the vibrations (震动，颤动) from my brother’s band rocking out below my body, ” the 33-year-old man said. “That was one of the first times I began building a relationship with music.”In 2016, his ability to experience music changed dramatically, thanks to California-based technology company Not Impossible Labs. It designed a vibrating suit that enables deaf people to “feel” music through their skin. Consisting of a body harness (背带), ankle and wrist belts, the suit translates audio into a range of vibrating pulses that are felt at 24 contact points.Burtonhas been trialing the suit for four years.“The sound hits different parts of your body, ” saidBurton. “Maybe it will strikeme down in my ankles first. And then I’ll start to feel the vibrations in my back. And then I’ll feel some pulsations in my wrist.”The creators want to extends the tactile (触觉) musical experience beyond the deaf community. In 2018, they gave out 150 of the suits at a rock concert inLas Vegaswhere half the audience members were deaf and half were able to hear.Since then, Not Impossible Labs has been working to improve the technology and says it’s ready to go to market soon. Eventually, the creators want the suit to become a consumer product, accessible to all. The company’s talent and business development director, Jordan Richardson, said that the technology could be used in live sports broadcasts, video games and theme parks.As a writer and director who’s been working to make the movie world more accessible,Burtonhopes that the vibrating suit will be available to his film audiences in the future. He believes the suit canenhanceemotions whilewatching a movie – for hearing as well as deaf people. “I see the tech as a real opportunity to help people understand that music for movies doesn’t always need to be enjoyed through the ears”.4. Why would Chase Burton lie on the floor when he was a kid?A. To feel some pulsations in his wrist.B. To feel the vibrations from his brother’s band.C. To expand the tactile musical experience.D. To begin building a bond with films.5. What do we know about Not Impossible Labs from the passage?A. It was started by Chase Burton in 2016.B. Its products have been used in live sports broadcasts.C. It is a technology company based inCalifornia.D. Its administrative director is Jordan Richardson.6. Which can replace the underlined word “enhance” in the last paragraph?A. createB. expressC. coverD. strengthen7. What is the best title for the passage?A. Vibrating Suit Allows Deaf People to “Feel” MusicB. Tech Company Provides Free Suits for Deaf PeopleC. Deaf People Enjoy Rock Music with Free SuitD. Movies Need to Be Enjoyed Through the EarsCScientists have made great discoveries. But how have they influenced our personal lives? Do kids in your classroom even know when Einstein lived? You may be wondering: but why is it important to teachkids about modern-day scientists?First, stories of scientists can encourage kids. Chris Hadfield is a Canadian who went to space, and he’s a real, guitar-playing person. He makes singing videos on YouTube! His story can make kids think scientists are also common people. Hearing scientists’ stories makes kids think “I can do that too!”But not only that, the stories of famous scientists can encourage kids to never give up. Bill Nye was always refused when trying to be an astronaut. But today, he’s made a lot of successes in his role as a popular science educator and engineer. Besides, it’s no secret that scientific discoveries require trying, and trying again.Another way some scientists can encourage kids is through their diversity. Neil deGrasse Tyson, for example,is an African-American, which is not common in his field. Such stories can make kids think anyone can be a scientist.It’s important to know that scientists don’t need to be “gifted” or “good” at school. Often we consider a scientist as being an extremely smart kid at school. That doesn’t have to be true. They just need to have a great interest in science. Telling students stories of scientists can encourage them to show interest in science. As long as they’re interested, they are likely to become a scientist in the future.Modern scientists teach kids that knowledge builds upon the foundation others have laid. This is important — no one can do it alone. Scientists’ stories can encourage today’s young scientists to keep trying. They’ll be encouraged not to give up on the dream of making discoveries. Even if they haven’t made important discoveries, their research may help the following scientists.8. What can Chris Hadfield’s story tell students?A. Scientists are interested in different things.B. Students should have a hobby of their own.C. Scientists can be ordinary like people around us.D. Students should consider scientists as their models.9. Which of the following would the author agree with?A. African-Americans are more likely to become scientists.B. Scientists are not necessarily very smart at school.C. Not all scientists really show interest in science.D. Scientists are usually good at their schooling.10. The last paragraph shows us that ________.A. scientists should help each otherB. a scientist should never give up tryingC. making discoveries is necessary for scientistsD. new scientific discoveries may be based on others’ findings11. What is the text mainly about?A. Why scientists are important to us.B. Why students should be taught about scientists.C. Why students love stories of scientists.D. Why scientists can encourage students.DJerry Lawson had a love of science and invention from a very young age. And, with the support of his family and teachers, he took that love and helped change the world for billions of people, when he invented the modem video game cartridge.Both of Jerry's parents supported his love of science and invention. His father, a longshoreman, was a science fan and encouraged Jerry to always experiment with things. Jerry's first-grade teacher helped encourage him on his path to be someone influential similar to George Washington Carver, a great AfricanAmerican inventor. His first love in school was chemistry but he ended up liking electronics（电子学）even more.He earned an amateur ham radio license at age 13 and built his own radio station in his room, with an antenna hanging out of his window! Jerry earned money from fixing television sets, visiting people's homes for inhouse repair, and also working at local electronics stores. Jerry also made walkie-talkies and sold them to other kids. He spent many Saturdays at an electronics store that had all of the parts he needed for his inventions. He would use his small allowance and money he earned to buy parts to help fuel his inventions.When he was a young adult, Jerry joined Fairchild Semiconductor as an engineer. During this time, he created his own video arcade game（街机游戏），Demolition Derby, in his garage.A few years later, Jerry was asked to work on a secret project. Not even his boss was allowed to know what he was doing! What it turned out to be was that he was designing the Fairchild Channel F video gameconsole（游戏控制器）and leading the team that invented the video game cartridge. This was the first of its kind and enabled kids around the world to affordably play video games at home.Just like with automobiles，many advances have occurred since the inventionof video games. Video games are now one of the biggest forms of entertainment in the world. But all of this would not have been possible without the vision, passion, and skill of Jerry Lawson and his learn.12. How did Jerry earn money when he was a teenager?A. By running his radio station.B. By selling television sets.C. By repairing things for others.D. By making electronic parts.13. Before Jerry's secret project, playing video games at home was_____.A. expensiveB. harmfulC. commonD. tiring14. What does the author mainly tell us in the last paragraph?A. Jerry Lawson and his team can be more skillful.B. Jerry Lawson is important to the game industry.C.Many advances have taken place in the automobile industry.D. Video games are now the most popular form of entertainment.15. What can be the best title for the text?A. Video Gaming-An Important IndustryB. Game Console-Key to Home Video GamesC. Jerry Lawson-Father of Modern GamingD. Support and Encouragement-Necessary for Success第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
前言：2019学年也就是2020届上海各区高三第一次质量检测试卷（一模）语法填空部分已经全部校对完成，共查出5处文字错误，已经追溯求源对比原文改正。
格式问题已经全部整理成纯word形式，不含特殊格式。
大家可以直接下载打印使用。
II. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections:After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.Innovations that will change the classroomsAmerican schools are going high-tech. Many symbols we still associate with classrooms and learning, like chalkboards, pens, note books —even classrooms (21) ______ —are quickly becoming outdated.As thi s week marks The Huffington Post’s 10th anniversary, we’ll take a look at some products that (22) ______ (introduce) to classrooms in the past decade and have the potential to change the educational landscape in the years (23) ______ (come).1. Remote LearningSome schools are cutting down on snow days, thanks to technology. Rather than giving kids the day off (24) ______ weather conditions are too dangerous for commuting, these schools are asking students to follow classroom lessons online.Although kids (25) ______ (hope) for a snow day may not particularly appreciate these advancements in digital learning, online lessons allow these kids to complete their coursework and still interact with peers. Some students with medical conditions (26) ______ “go” to s chool via video conferencing or even with the help of robots enabled with video chat that they can control remotely.2. eBooksDiscovery Education has been replacing traditional textbooks with original “techbooks” for six years. These “techbooks” can also be switched to Spanish or French, Kinney said, (27) ______ allows some parents who don’t speak English to help their kids with their homework.3. Educational GamesIn-class gaming options have evolved to include more educational options. Glass Lab creates educational games that are now being used in more than 6,000 classrooms across the country. Teachers get real-time updates on students’ progress as well as suggestions on (28) ______ subjects they need to spend more time perfecting.The Internet an d other digital tools have some drawbacks. They’re often distracting, (29) ______ most developments have exciting implications for the future. Over the last 10 years, technological innovations have made education more interactive, immediate and (30) ______ (personalize), — and have shown us the potential for more accessible and effective classrooms.Keys:21. themselves 22. have been introduced 23. to come 24. when / if 25. hoping26. can 27. which 28. what /the 29. but 30. personalizedⅡ. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections：After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.Asleep on a plane: a case for window seatsI love to sleep on planes, and I have an unusual ability to sleep well on them. There have even been one or two occasions (21) ______ I have fallen asleep before takeoff and awakened upon the impact of landing, not having realized we had even left the ground. So when (22) ______ (book) my flights, I always choose the window seat whenever possible. This allows me to lean my sleepy head against the wall of the plane for a bit (23) ______ (much) comfort.Some (24) ______ argue that the aisle(走廊)seat is superior for the leg space and the ability to get off swiftly and eye the snack cart. But in reality, we’re all getting our drinks and snacks (25) ______seconds. Also, I find that if a person knows he’s in a window seat, he’ll choose to use the bathroom before boarding so that he (26) ______ (not need) to disturb his neighbor, which is just considerate. And he’ll s eize the opportunity to get up when another seatmate gets up so that the seatmate needn’t (27) ______ (bother) more than once.As a photographer and visually oriented person, the window seat gives me the best views of cottony clouds, or a great sunset, o r golden sunrise, etc. Most of all, (28) ______ ______ I’ve been flying for years, I still get pleasure of seeing my departing city or country (29) ______ (shrink) into the distance, and the butterflies in my stomach when I see the horizon of my destination come into view. And those feelings of adventure and excitement are (30) ______ keep me coming back, flight after flight, to my window seat.Keys:21. when / where 22. booking 23. more 24. may / do 25. within / in26. won’t need27. be bothered 28. even though 29. shrink / shrinking 30. whatSection ADirections: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.A New Hero is Here to Save the DayIt’s thought that when a hero like Batman is blessed with great power, he or she must endure loneliness and suffering as a result. The Flash(闪电侠), however, makes a fun, lightning-quick and optimistic superhero. After the wild success of TV series Arrow, a TV network launched The Flash, (21) ______ (show) the image of this Superhero, who was only a supporting character in Arrow.Like Spiderman, who gained the ability to make webs and climb walls after he (22) ______(bite) by a spider, Barry Allen in The Flash was shocked into superhero-status by accident. A strike from a lightning put Allen into a nine-month unconscious state, and when he emerged, he found himself (23) ______ (equip) with super speed.Naturally, Allen slips on a colorful suit and becomes the Flash, a hero (24) ______ extreme speed to fight super-powered bad guys. But the Flash also has other purposes, namely finding out the truth behind his mother’s death and his father’s unjust imprisonment.In line with superhero series standards, The Flash features action and eye-popping special effects. There’s nothing terribly innovative here, bu t (25) ______ we do get is a unique superhero with a more unusual personality. (26) ______ ______ Allen has gone through unpleasant childhood experience, in this show he grows into a superhero (27) ______ powers include optimism. He’s got a group of scient ists that not only save his life, but also provide him with emotional support and the tools necessary (28) ______ (fight) crime.A big surprise for me was that The Flash cast Prison Break star Wentworth Miller as a bad character, who uses a gun that (29) ______ turn anything into ice. US shows began their entrance into the Chinese market with Friends, but Prison Break pushed interest in US TV series to a new height largely thanks to Miller’s wonderful acting. Now Miller’s back to act in The Flash.(30) ______ is a nice surprise that this new show serves as a platform for Prison Break fans to revisit their old favorit e, although this time around he’s an antagonist(反派角色).Keys:21. showing 22. was bitten/had been bitten 23. equipped 24. with 25. what26. Even though/if 27. whose 28. to fight 29. can 30. ItII. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.A Grateful PatientI took a job as a receptionist for a vet（兽医）almost five decades ago. As an enthusiastic animal lover, I accepted the position on the condition (21) _______ I wouldn’t have to assist with any wounded animals. I didn’t have the c ourage (22) _______ (watch) any creature in pain.At the end of my first week, we were closing the office for the day (23) _______ a young man ran up to us holding a severely injured Doberman puppy（杜宾幼犬）in his arms and begging us to save his life. The four-month-old puppy had been hit by a car.The doctor and I ran back into the operating room. The only place (24) _______ the skin was still attached to his poor little body was around one shoulder. The vet worked tirelessly for what seemed like hours, (25) _______ (sew) him back together again. That was the easy part. The puppy had broken multiple bones, including his back. (26) _______ _______ he survived the next few days, we were quite sure he would never walk again.The day forever changed my life. I b ecame the vet’s assistant in all things medical. One of my first jobs was to give that Doberman puppy daily physical therapy. Weeks went by until one day he finally recovered.Fast - forward about a year. I walked into t he clinic’s (27) _______ (crowd) waiting room and called the name of the next client. Suddenly, a huge Doberman ran toward me. I found (28) _______ pinned against the wall with this magnificent dog standing on his back legs, his front paws（爪子）on my shoulders, washing my face with plentiful and joyful kisses!I still tear up in amazement (29) _______ the display of love and gratitude the dog had for me that day all those years ago. I went on to be a vet technician for 14 years, and since retirement, I have volunteered at a no-kill animal shelter. In all the time that has passed and all the experiences I have had, I’ve never met a dog who didn’t know that it (30) _______ (rescue) in one way or another.Keys:21. that 22. to watch 23. when 24. where 25. sewing26. Even if/Even though 27. crowded 28. myself. 29.at 30. had been rescuedII. Grammar and vocabularySection ADirections:After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.Once upon a time ...Once upon a time there lived in Germany two brothers. At school they met a wise man who led them to a treasure — a library of old books with tales more fascinating than any they had ever heard. (21) _________ (inspire), the brothers began collecting their own stories, listening to the folktales people told them. Soon they produced their own treasure —a book of fairy tales that would charm millions in faraway lands for generations (22) ________ (come).The brothers Grimm, Jacob and Wilhelm, named their story collection Children’s and Household Tales and published it in Germany in 1812. The collection (23) ________ (translate) into more than 160 languages up to now. The stories and their characters continue to feature in virtually every media: theatre, opera, comic books, movies, paintings, rock music, advertising and fashion.Such fame would have shocked the modest Grimms. During their lifetimes the collection (24) ________(sell) few copies in Germany. The early editions were not even aimed at children. They had no illustrations, and scholarly footnotes took up almost as much space as the tales (25) __________. Jacob and Wilhelm Grimm began their work at a time (26) __________ Germany had been occupied by the French under Napoleon. The new rulers restricted local culture. As young scholars, the brothers Grimm began to work on the fairy tale collection in order to save the endangered oral storytelling tradition of Germany.(27) _______ the brothers implied that they were just keeping records of tales, Wilhelm continued to polish and reshape the stories up to the final edition of 1857. In an effort to make them more acceptable to children and their parents, he stressed the moral of each tale and emphasized gender roles. To this day, parents still read them to their children because they approve of the lessons in the s tories: keep your promises, don’t talk to strangers, work hard, obey your parents.Yet (28) _______ all Wilhelm’s additions, the most important part of these stories was left untouched. The cruel treatment of children and the violent punishments handed out to the stories’ bad guys are too much for some parents.So what accounts for their popularity? Some have suggested that it is (29) _______ the characters are always striving for happiness. But the truth probably lies in their origin. Grimms’ tales were born out of a storytelling tradition without boundaries (界限) of age or culture. The brothers’ skill was to translate these into a universal style of writing that seems to mirror (30) _______ moods or interests we bring to our reading of them. And so it was t hat the Grimms’ fairy tales lived happily ever after.Keys:21. Inspired 22. to come 23. has been translated 24. sold 25. themselves 26. when 27. Though/Although/While 28. despite 29. because 30. what/whateverⅡ. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections:After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.Marian Bechtel sits at West Palm Beach's Bar Louie counter by herself, quietly reading her e-book as she waits for her salad. What is she reading? None of your business! Lunch is Bechtel's "me" time.And (21) ______ more Americans, she's not alone.A new report found 46 percent of meals are eaten alone in America. More than half (53%) have breakfast alone and nearly half (46%) have lunch by themselves. Only at dinnertime(22) ______ we eating together, 74%, according to statistics from the report."I prefer to go out and be out. Alone, but together, you know?”Bechtel said, (23) ______ (look) up from her book. Bechtel, who works in downtown West Palm Beach, has lunch with coworkers sometimes, but like many of us, too often (24) ______ (work)through lunch at her desk.A lunchtime escape allows her to keep a boss from tapping her on (25)______ shoulder. She returns to work feeling energized. "Today, I just wanted some time to myself,”she said.Just two seats over, Andrew Mazoleny, a local videographer, is finishing his lunch at the bar. He likes that he can sit and check his phone in peace or chat up the barkeeper with whom he's on a first-name basis (26) ______ he wants to have a little interaction. “I reflect on(27) ______ myday's gone and think about the rest of the week," he said. "It's a chance for self-reflection. You return to work (28) ______ (refresh) and with a plan.''That freedom (29) ______ (choose) is one reason more people like to eat alone. There was a time when people may have felt awkward about asking for a table for one, but those days are over. Now, we have our smartphones to keep us company at the table. "It doesn't feel as alone as it may have before all the advances in technology," said Laurie Demer itt, (30) ______ company provided the statistics for the report.Keys:21. like 22. are 23. looking 24. works 25. the26. if/when 27. how 28. refreshed 29. to choose 30. whoseII. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.Ancient Myth---A Hit With Modern AudiencesThis summer’s surprise hit at movie theaters across China was the re-telling of the ancient myth of Nezha. The animated film (21) ______ (take) in over four billion yuan at the box office and become one of the country’s most successful films ever. It proved that China could produce animated films comparable to (22) ______ produced in Hollywood and Japan.The film, directed by Yang Yu, was a massive undertaking(任务) from start to finish. He spent two years writing the script(剧本) and three more years making a film which required the efforts of 1,600 animators. But for Yang, it was a way to prove to himself that he (23) ______ change his fate and inspire others to change their fate as well.“I used to suffer from a lot of prejudice after changing my career,” said Yang, “Since then I have thought about making an animated film to encourage young people to persist in their dreams.”(24) ______ (convey) the message that “your fate is in your own hands,” Yang made some changes to the original myth. Nezha was born a devil(恶魔), (25) ______ (fate) to cause mischief(恶作剧), but he decides to overcome his fate and to save the people of his hometown from being destroyed by Ao Bing, the third son of the Dragon King.(26) ______ the ancient myth being very clear about the differences between the good and the bad guys, in Yang’s film, all of the characters are treated with empathy, and even the “bad” people are also victims of their fate, (27) ______, actually, have the potential to change and become good.Over the years, I have come across a few students labeled as “devils.” Although some misbehaved simply (28) ______ they were not mature enough, others were trouble-making and uncooperative when they were in a bad mood. Those students need to know they were not doomed to be bad. As they grew up, they would have the power to change their circumstances.If you have seen Nezha, you know (29) ______ a terrific, entertaining film it is. But an important lesson is also conveyed in the film (30) ______ we should not judge ourselves or others too harshly, so as not to allow those negative judgments to control our fate.Keys:21. has taken 22. those 23.could 24.To convey 25. fated26. Despite 27. who 28. because 29. what 30. thatII. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.How Do Avalanches HappenIf you’re ever skiing in the mountains, you’ll want to be aware of avalanches. An avalanche is a sudden flow of snow down a slope, such as a mountain. The amount of snow in an avalanche (21) ______ (vary) based on many things, but it can be such a huge amount that it can bury thebottom of a slope in dozens of feet of snow.Avalanches (22) ______be caused by natural things. For example, new snow or rain can cause built-up snow to loosen and fall down the side of a mountain. Artificial triggers (诱发因素) can also cause avalanches. For example, snowmobiles, skiers, and explosives (23) ______ (know) to lead to avalanches.Avalanches usually occur during the winter and spring, (24) ______ snowfall is greatest. As they are dangerous to any living beings in their path, avalanches have destroyed forests, roads, railroads and even entire towns.Warning signs exist that allow experts to predict — and often prevent — avalanches from (25) ______ (occur). When over a foot of fresh snow falls, experts know to be on the lookout for avalanches. Explosives can be used in places (26) ______ massive snow buildups to trigger much smaller avalanches that don’t pose a danger to persons or property.When deadly avalanches do occur, the moving snow can quickly reach over 80 miles per hour. Skiers caught in such avalanches can be buried under dozens of feet of snow. (27) ______ it’s possible to dig out of such avalanches, not all are able to escape.If you get tossed about by an avalanche and find yourself (28) ______ (bury) under many feet of snow, you might not have a true sense of which way is up and which way is down. Some avalanche victims have tried to dig their way out, only to find that they were upside down and digging (29) ______ farther under the snow rather than to the top!Experts suggest that people caught in an avalanche try to dig around you (30) ______ (create) a space for air, so you can breathe more easily. Then, do your best to figure out which way is up and dig in that direction to reach the surface and signal rescuers.Keys:21. will vary / varies 22. can 23. have been known /are known 24. when 25. occurring 26. with 27. While/Though/Although 28. buried 29. themselves 30. to createII. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections:After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent andgrammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.A 14-year-old Girl Built an App to Help Alzheimer’s patients (老年痴呆症患者）For many teenagers, their lives typically might circle around schoolwork and spending time with friends. Not so for Emma Yang. Though the Hong Kong-born girl is only 14, she (21) ______ (create) her own mobile app for Alzheimer’s patients already.The Timeless app, which Yang spent two years (22) ______ (develop), comes with several important features. It is an artificial intelligence-powered facial recognition system in the app (23) ______ helps Alzheimer’s patients identify people in photos and remember who they are. It also allows photos (24) ______ (group) by individuals as well as provides a picture-based phone book, which enables a user to tap on photos to call or text a person.The inspiration to develop an app that would help Alzheimer’s patients connect with their loved ones came to Yang at the age of 12, when her grandmother started forgetting things like (25) ______ she lived and Yang's birthday.“I wanted to create something to help people like my grandmother stay (26) ______ (connect) with her family,” Yang said. It was a task she was well-prepared to undertake, (27) ______ venture capitalists didn’t take her work seriously. Yang started a crowd finding camp aign in March last year to support her Timeless app project. That effort raised more than $10,000.At present Yang works with an international team that includes a designer in California and a developer in Cologne, Germany. The chief technology officer of Kairos, the AI company (28) ______ technology is used in the Timeless app, is now Yang’s adviser.Yang urged other young, ambitious people to believe in (29) ______ because the teenagers of today will be tomorrow’s leaders. “Technology has been able to mak e kids put their ideas into action,”she said “(30) ______ ______ ______ you get out there and put yourself out there, tell people about your idea and find out who’s onboard and can get behind it，you’ll eventually find that team of people.”Keys:21. has created 22. developing 23.that 24. to be grouped 25. where26. connected 27. but 28.whose 29. themselves 30. As long asII. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections:After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.Surprise! A New PenguinA team of scientists in New Zealand recently came across the remains of a previously unknown species of penguin—by mistake. The discovery of the Waitaha penguin species, which has been extinct for 500 years, is exciting news for the scientific community (21) _______ it gives new insight into how past extinction events can help shape the present environment.The researchers uncovered the Waitaha penguin remains while studying New Zealand’s rare yellow-eyed penguin. The team wanted to investigate the effects (22) _______ humans have had on the now endangered species. They studied centuries-old bones from (23) _______ they thought were yellow-eyed penguins and compared them with the bones of modern yellow-eyed penguins. Surprisingly, some of the bones were older than (24) _______ (expect). Even more shockingly, the DNA in the bones indicated that they did not belong to yellow-eyed penguins. The scientists concluded that these very old bones (25) ________ have belonged to a previously unknown species, which they named the Waitaha penguin.By studying the bones, scientists further concluded that the Waitaha penguin was once native (26) ________ New Zealand. But after the settlement of humans on the island country, its population (27) ________ (wipe) out.Based on the ages of the bones of both penguin species, the team discovered a gap in time between the disappearance of the Waitaha and the arrival of the yellow-eyed penguin. The time gap indicates that the extinction of the Waitaha penguin created the opportunity for the yellow-eyed penguin population (28) ________ (migrate) to New Zealand.(29) _________ yellow-eyed penguins thrived （兴盛）in New Zealand for many years, that species now also faces extinction. The yellow-eyed penguin today is considered one of the world’s(30) ________ (rare) species of penguin, with an estimated population of 7,000 that is now the focus of an extensive conservation effort in New Zealand.Keys:21. because/since/as 22. that/ which 23. what 24. (had been) expected 25. must26. to 27. was wiped 28. to migrate 29. Though/ Although/While 30. rarestII. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections:After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.Climbing the world's highest mountain could not have been further from Xia Boyu's mind as a 25-year-old in 1974, when he played for the provincial soccer team in Qinghai. But when the Chinese Mountaineering Association announced it was looking for climbers to join an upcoming journey, Xia put in an application so that he (21) ______ at least get a tree health check-up.After just a few months of training, Xia and his fellow climbers started climbing the 8,848-metre mountain in January 1975. However, Xia suffered such severe frostbite (冻伤)after lending a teammate his sleeping bag (22) ______ he later lost both of his feet.Three years later, a foreign expert (23) ______ (invite) to assess Xia's condition concluded that with artificial legs, Xia would be able to walk again and even climb mountains. It made him determined to challenge (24) ______ to climb Mount Qomolangma again.Xia set himself a demanding schedule, (25) ______ (wake) at 5 a.m. to train for five or six hours. Unfortunately, Xia suffered another major setback in 1996, when he (26) ______ (diagnose) with lymphoma(淋巴瘤).He had to undergo another round of amputation(截肢), losing part of his legs.It was not until 2014 that he was able to organize a team to make another attempt at scaling the world's highest mountain. Sadly, his team arrived at Qomolangma Base Camp, only to be informed that all journeys had been stopped, following an avalanche(雪崩) (27) ______ had killed 16 people.The Nepalese government announced a ban on double-amputee climbers on Qomolongma inDecember 2017, but it didn't last long after a protest (28) ______ a disabled support group. That allowed Xia, at the age of 69, (29) ______ (climb) to the top on May 14, 2018. The feeling, however, was not (30) ______ he had imagined it would be. “I had thought when I finally reached the summit, I would shout it to the world. I would do all these poses for photos. But when the moment arrived, 1 just felt calm," Xia said.Keys:21.could 22. that 23. invited 24. himself 25. waking26. was diagnosed 27. that/which 28. from 29. to climb 30. how/whatII. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections:After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.Killer RabbitsYou’d never think of rabbits as dreadful, destructive creatures, would you? Rabbits are cute and loveable. However, Australians discovered (21) ________ harm these cute creatures can do the hard way.Rabbits were introduced to Australia in 1788 as food animals. By 1827, they were running around large estates, and in 1859, disaster struck. A man released 12 wild rabbits onto his property for hunting and he (22) ________ have thought that was harmless fun. But Australia has no predators（捕食者）(23) ________(adapt) to killing rabbits and none of the diseases that kept their populations (24) ________ control in Europe. The loose rabbits bred like, well, rabbits, and began to take over the countryside. Within a few decades, there were millions. By 1950, there were 600 million rabbits in Australia.Six hundred million hungry rabbits could do real harm. They caused more damage than any other species introduced to the continent. They ate native plant species (25) ________ they disappeared. They competed for food and shelter with native animals. They caused the extinction。
虹口区2024学年度第一学期期终学生学习能力诊断测试高三英语试卷2024.12考生注意：1.考试时间105分钟，试卷满分115分。
2.本考试设试卷和答题纸两部分。
所有答題必须涂（选择题）或写（非选择题）在答题纸上，做在试卷上一律不得分。
3.答題前，务必在答題纸上填写准考证号和姓名，并将核对后的条形码貼在指定位置上。
I.Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections:After reading the passage below,fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct.For the blanks with a given word,fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word;for the other blanks,use one word that best fits each blank.How to Be Stylish While Protecting the EnvironmentDespite the huge numbers of people who care about the environment and love clothes,there is a basicconflict about being green and being fashionable.This is because the fashion industry depends on aconstant stream of ever-changing trends,(1)_________means you have to keep consuming.However,buying(2)_________awful lot of things that you don’t need,in this case new clothes,is harmful to theenvironment.Even so,there are still some measures you can take to achieve(3)_________of the goals.Firstly,rather than base your choice of clothes on(4)_________the fashion industry says you should,choose your own look.If you do this,you’ll look a lot more like an individual,and probably(5)_________(genuinely)stylish.It does not require any sense of style(6)_________(copy)the looks in fashionmagazines but developing your own certainly does.You’ll find that you buy fewer clothes(7)_________they aren’t going in and out of fashion every week,and this helps the environment.Some people think that another way of achieving this is to buy only natural materials,like cotton.Butthe production of some plant-based materials involves the use of enormous quantities of pesticides(杀虫剂).In fact,cotton is an especially dirty crop,with methods(8)_________(use)in its production which can destroy the local environment.If you want to avoid adding to soil and water pollution in this manner, simply(9)_________(choose)organic materials.In the end,what you wear is your choice and no one would suggest that this should not be a freechoice.But we hope that,(10)_________(read)this,you will be aware of the impact your choices mayhave on the health of our planet.Section BDirections:Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box.Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.A.arguablyB.fedC.matchD.correspondingE.determineF.hintG.implicationsH.noticeablyI.self-fulfillingJ.substantialK.taskedPeople Alter Their Appearance to Suit Their NamesA new study has found that people tend to alter their appearance to suit their names.The researchers sought to11whether parents choose a baby name based on what seems fitting for the baby’s appearance,or if individuals’facial appearances change over the years to12the social stereotypes (刻板印象)connected to their names.In the study,9-to10-year-old children and adults were13with paring faces to names.The findings revealed that both the children and the adults correctly matched adult faces to their14names, considerably above the chance level.However,when it came to children’s faces and names,the participants were unable to make accurate associations.In another part of the study,a machine learning system was15a large database of images of human faces.The computer recognized that the appearances of the faces of adults with the same name were 16more similar to each other than the representations of faces of adults with different names.On the other hand,no17similarity was found among children with the same name compared to children with different names.The researchers concluded that the similarity between a person’s face and their name results from a(n) 18prediction.The facial appearance changes over a long period of time to suit social expectations attached to the name.Such stereotypes can be formed in many ways,for example,because the name is linked to a famous figure or due to the19of a religious name.Dr.Yonat Zwebner,Arison School of Business,Reichman University says,“Our findings20at the broader significance of this surprising effect—the powerful influence of social stereotypes.”II.Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections:For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A,B,C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Manufacturing is a one-way business.Raw materials go into a factory and finished products come out. Once those goods are21,producers usually wash their hands of them.Certainly they do not worry that most of the products are eventually burnt or buried in landfill,which22the planet.In only50 years,the world’s consumption of raw materials has nearly become four times as big,to more than100 billion tons,but only less than9%of this is reused,resulting in a23of materials.Industry does talk about sustainability and recycling,but much of that is24intended to improve brand images.Yet even a company’s profits can25being environmentally friendly.This is especially so in the case of“gigafactories”,so called because their output of batteries for electric vehicles(EVs)is measured in gigawatt hours(GWh).Every carmaking country wants gigafactories.Batteries are the costliest part of an EV,so making them is26.But they contain materials that are pricey and can be hard to obtain.Supply chains are long and complicated,and buyers risk their reputation27by their suppliers’poor environmental and labour standards.28materials makes sense.Being29,most gigafactories are designed with recycling in mind from the start.The result is a 30production process.The idea is that once31reach the ends of their lives,they should go back to a factory,where their components can be recovered and put into new batteries.Gigafactories are not yet models of the circular economy,but they are laying the foundations. Northvolt,a battery-maker,aims by2030to produce150GWh of batteries—enough to power some2 million EVs.By then,around half its raw materials should come from recycling old batteries.Northvolt is ing renewable power and other measures,CATL—the world’s biggest producer of EV batteries—thinks it should eventually be possible to reduce the carbon footprint of a battery towards zero.Could other industries do something similar?Fast fashion is widely known as a(n)33business. It is estimated that the recycling rate for little-worn clothing and footwear is just13%.A big part of the reason is the use of mixed fibres,which are hard to recycle.Clothing companies could,like gigafactories, re-engineer their processes to use fibres that are easier to handle.Consumer electronics is another such 34that creates piles of waste,despite the fact that electronic circuits containing precious materials such as gold and silver,and electric motors being made from rare earth metals.35could yet be made in the urban mining of last year’s cellphones and yesterday’s blouses.21.A.accepted B.designed C.sold D.stored22.A.rules B.saves C.heals D.pollutes23.A.analysis B.availability C.waste D.variety24.A.green-washing B.cost-cutting C.risk-taking D.trend-setting25.A.add to B.benefit from C.center around D.invest in26.A.innovative B.affordable C.profitable D.inefficient27.A.being defended B.being hurt C.being spread D.being overlooked28.A.Reusing B.Restoring C.Replacing D.Recharging29.A.big B.new C.rich D.rare30.A.full B.primary C.domestic D.circular31.A.batteries B.factories C.vehicles D.suppliers32.A.alone B.easy C.safe D.fair33.A.dynamic B.unsustainable C.inacceptable petitive34.A.gigafactory B.business pany D.manufacturer35.A.Exceptions plaints C.Discoveries D.FortunesSection BDirections:Read the following three passages.Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements.For each of them there are four choices marked A,B,C and D.Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)1One afternoon a few months before Tom and I were to be married,Max wandered into the dining room of the house we all shared.I was sorting through a box of old photographs.2“Who’s that?”he asked.3“That was my grandfather,the one who died a few months ago.”4“Hmm.Too bad he had to die.”5Just as I was about to put the last of the pictures in the box,Max pressed his finger to a face.“And who will this be to me?”6Beneath his finger I could see the edges of my own face.I was suddenly flooded with a joy which I had no name.This son of the man I loved was becoming my son.We’d have family Christmas cards and school art stuck to the fridge.All these things I’d never allowed myself to want.Now I was becoming a mother.7I should have known how to say just the right,wise,magical thing.But I didn’t.“I’ll be your second mom,”I said.8“Oh.”9“I’m sorry that your first mom died.I liked her.”10“What should I call you?”he asked.11My heart pounded,and my stomach turned over.Mama,I wanted to cry.I’ll be your mama and you’ll be my son.I resisted.“You can call me Mom,or Mama.You can also call me Betsy,if you’d rather. Whatever feels okay for you.”12He stood there a minute.“What’s for dinner?”he asked.13“Burgers.”14“Sweet,”he said as he walked out of the room.15At our wedding a few months later,Tom and I said our vows(誓言)to one another.Then Max was invited to stand beside us and I made vows to him.I promised to step into the shoes his mother had been forced to leave behind,to help him remember her,and to be the best mother I could be.16After the wedding,for the next few days,Max tried out a new title for me.“Can we go bowling?”he’d ask,and then follow the question by mouthing the word mom.Or,“Can we go to the store?”And the mouthed word,mom.Mom was always silent.It seemed he was trying it on,seeing how it felt in his mouth.17Weeks later as I drove him home from school,Max suddenly said,“I notice I don’t call you Mom.”18Oof.Who threw that rock at my chest?I breathed to calm my voice.“I noticed that.”19“When I say Betsy,I mean Mom.”20“Thanks,”I said.“That’s nice to know.”21He looked out the window.“Moms die,you know.I think it’s maybe safer if you’re just Betsy.”22I willed tears away,not wanting to overwhelm him.He had enough to carry.“Thanks,Bud.I appreciate you telling me.”23“Hey,Betsy?”24“Yeah,”I said,delighted with the new sound of my old name.25“What’s for dinner?”he asked.36.When Betty said“I’ll be your second mom,”(paragraph7),she__________.A.thought her role was significant to MaxB.wished Max could let go of the sad memoriesC.was looking forward to becoming Max’s motherD.suggested that she was legally responsible for Max37.According to Max,why did he call Betsy“Betsy”instead of Mom?A.He wants to tell Betsy she is his best friend.B.He still feels shy to address Betsy as Mom.C.He doesn’t want to forget his dead mother.D.He hopes Betsy could always be with him.38.How does Betsy most probably feel when Max mentions dinner at the end of the passage?A.Confused about Max’s favourite food.B.Happy to lead a regular family life.C.Relieved to have a simple conversation.D.Annoyed with Max’s constant questioning.39.Why does the author develop the passage with short dialogues?A.To reveal the tension between Max and Betsy.B.To show that Max is avoiding deep conversations.C.To help express the two speakers’emotions directly.D.To make the passage shorter and easier to understand.(B)Take our latest quiz!①You’ve just finished abook—do you know whatyou’ll read next?a)Yes!Perhaps a sequel ,I want to spend more time in that world.b)A book that everyone’s talking about.c)No,but I love finding unexpected books.d)No.I like asking for my friends’recommendations.②Do you value otherpeople’s opinions whendeciding what to read?a)I don’t like listening to others—I know what I like.b)I love to know what celebrities are reading!c)No.I just let the books do the talking!d)Yes!Friends know which books I’ll enjoy.③What do you most lookforward to in a new book?a)To see what my favourite characters are doing in new situations.b)Talking about it with my friends.c)Discovering new voices and stories.d)Reading books as good as other ones I’ve loved.④Do you like reading lots of books by the same author?a)Yes,once I find an author I like,I’ll read everything they write!b)If they’re a popular author,then yes!c)No,I like to read books by different authors.d)I tend to read books by authors my friends suggest.⑤When you go to a bookshop,where do you head first?a)To see if there’s a new book in my favourite series.b)I head to the new releases and bestsellers.c)I like to walk around the whole shop to see what catches my eye.d)To look at the bookseller’s recommendations.40.Which of the following best explains what a “sequel ”is?A.A story or book that is about imaginary characters.B.A book that continues the story of a previous book.C.A book that conveys relationships between multiple characters.MostlyAs:you’re a MostlyBs:you’re aMostly Cs:you’rea Mostly Ds:you’re a There’s no betterfeeling than readingsomething you love…and then discoveringit’s part of a series!You’re alwaysguaranteed to havesomething new to lookforward to,and afamiliar world to revisitagain.You like to read the books that everyone is talking about.Your local bestseller will know better than anyone which books and authors are truly up-and-coming,so ask them for their top tips.41You feel reassured when someone you trust recommends a book to you.If you want to expand your reading experiences,try getting those recommendation from lots of different places.D.A collection of stories written by fans of an original book series.41.Which of the following description best fits the definition of a“risk-taker”?A.You’re happy to pick up something you’ve never heard of.B.You hope to find the new book of your favourite author.C.You’re willing to wander in the world of the classics.D.You only read those on top of the list of best sellers.42.What can those who take this quiz learn from the results?A.Why they prefer reading to other activities.B.Which author is probably their favourite.C.Who they should turn to for reading tips.D.What their book-choosing style is.(C)The facts of climate change are widely reported.It is noted that with a2℃increase in global temperatures,as compared with a1.5℃increase,about61million more people living in urban areas around the world will be exposed to severe drought.The problem with communicating these numbers,however,is that math anxiety—the experience of tension,fear or worry when facing mathematical problems—and the inability to understand and employ numerical concepts—are both quite common.Despite high rates of innumeracy(数学盲),there are reasons to think that people may not disengage when they receive numbers.First,multiple past studies show that people often prefer getting numerical details over vague description or purely verbal communication.People also trust messages provided by medical professionals or journalists more when that communication includes numbers than when it does not.The use of specific numbers signals expertise to readers.But trade-offs exist.Given people’s anxiety about math and level of mathematical ability,there is an upper limit when communicating these kinds of details.In past research,it was found that people find numbers helpful,so long as there aren’t too many of them.No hard-and-fast rule suggests how many is too many—it depends on the complexity of the topic,people’s familiarity with the subject and their overall municators therefore need to know and attend to their audience:if a speaker sees someone looking bored,for example,it’s a sign to back off on the numbers.In addition to the possibility of being overloaded by numbers,their persuasive power could have consequences that communicators need to consider.Based on the most recent findings,more negative feelings about the posts containing numeric consequences of climate change are reported.To be clear,this doesn’t reflect math anxiety.Instead,these posts resulted in negative emotions because the numerically precise messages were stronger in conveying the disastrous consequences of climate change.If you cansuggest actions that people feel they can carry through,that could set off the negative feelings that arise when they consider climate change’s consequences.So whether you’re an environmentalist seeking to communicate more effectively over social media or looking for strategies to persuade family over the dinner table,there are a few lessons here.Find the key numerical data and share that.Think strategically about data presentation.When talking about climate change,include some proposed action.Given that past work suggests that sharing numbers builds trust, your readers or listeners may be more likely to follow your recommendations.When used wisely,numbers can help transform anxiety into action,which could help turn the tide in our fight against climate change.43.According to the passage,what can numbers do when they are used to illustrate climate change?A.They can arouse people’s anxiety about math.B.They leave the audience even more confused.C.They help make the message more credible.D.They don’t really change how people feel.44.Which of the following best fits the description of“trade-offs”(paragraph4)?A.Numbers cause difficulties in understanding the matter.B.People find the subject being talked about unfamiliar.C.It takes time to confirm the precision of all numbers.D.People tend to hold more debates about the topic.45.According to the passage,which of the following is an effective climate message?A.Sea level rise:a ticking time bomb for coastal cities!B.Cycle5miles daily,save50%on carbon emissions!C.50%of species lost:a warning from climate change!D.Plant more trees today,enjoy fresher air tomorrow!46.What is the best title for this passage?A.Numbers:Origin of tension about climate changeB.Numbers:Reason for high levels of math anxietyC.Numbers:Cause of boredom in public speakingD.Numbers:Aid in fighting environmental issuesSection CDirections:Read the passage carefully.Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box.Each sentence can be used only once.Note that there are two more sentences than you need.A.A dog won’t try to fix the problem the way some people do.B.Dogs are not just pets but beloved members of a family.C.Dogs are fantastic at reading us.D.Reading and understanding the needs of pets helps improve our overall emotional well-being.E.Talking to your dog about emotionally frustrating issues can be particularly beneficial.F.They’re more likely to distract you.The Benefits of Talking to Your DogIt’s common for people to chat with their dogs throughout the day—about what each other is doing or how cute or playful the pup is.It’s a gentle reminder of what’s meaningful.“When you talk to your dog, you get a sense that this is why you’re here—no matter what happens at work or with your finances,your dog still loves you and needs you,and that gives you a sense of purpose,”says Larry Young,an expert on social bonding at Emory University.47In a2018study,researchers found that people are more willing to reveal to their dogs about difficult emotions,such as depression,jealousy,anxiety,and fear,than they are with their romantic partners or friends.The precise reasons for this aren’t known but one possibility is that“pets are good,nonjudgmental listeners because they don’t interrupt or reply,”says study coauthor Daniel Mills,a specialist in human-animal relationships at the University of Lincoln.48Even so,there’s value in simply expressing emotions,especially troublesome ones.Research has found that when people put their emotions into words,their negative feelings become less intense.Another hidden advantage:Your dog isn’t going to engage in a conversation about what’s bothering you,which could keep you thinking about it.49“Dogs use emotionally controlling strategies,”Mills says.“Their desire to play draws you away from being sad or angry.”Further support for this phenomenon comes from a2022study.It was found that by engaging in micro-breaks to pet their pup,the people are able to relax and recover—in ways that interacting with unfurry family members doesn’t.50“They can sense when we’re upset—and they are arguably better at reading us than some people are,”says Kogan.And“because we know that our dogs read us so well,we regulate ourselves so as not to upset our dogs,which is helpful for us as well.”It’s a positive feedback loop(反馈回路).III.Summary WritingDirections:Read the following passage.Summarize the main idea and the main point(s)of the passage in no more e your own words as far as possible.51.How Green is the Paris Olympic Games?The organizers of the Paris Olympic Games have promised to make the Games the most sustainable in the decades since climate change became a concern.But how did it work?On the plus side,organizers have been serious in their efforts to reduce carbon emissions.They measured the expected carbon footprint of the Games,reduced emissions through energy efficiencies and limited new construction by using existing facilities.But,the sustainability efforts in Paris have not all been smooth sailing.The Seine is scheduled to host marathon swimming.But despite spending1.4billion euros trying to clean the river,French authorities have achieved inconsistent results:Water tests in June still showed high levels of pollutants.The Paris organizers had also hoped to rely on a cooling system that pump cold water beneath the village’s floors.That technology was expected to reduce the carbon impact by45percent.But,eventually, they gave up their ambition to avoid using conventional air-conditioning in the Olympic Village,installing some2,500temporary air-conditioning units.For years,the organizers all promised the Games would be“climate positive.”But,whatever efforts were taken,none of them could really achieve sustainability as long as millions of tourists flew into the host anizers of the Rio Olympics in2016estimated that more than40%of the carbon emissions came from international spectators.This year,with tickets available on a central platform globally,the number of international visitors was beyond control.For all the efforts in Paris to reduce the carbon impact of the games,some of which have been considerable,the scale of future Games must be rethought.Jules Boykoff,who has written extensively about the Olympic Games,rightly argues that“the Games need to reduce their size”.It wouldn’t solve everything,but it would make these events more sustainable.IV.TranslationDirections:Translate the following sentences into English,using the words given in the brackets.52.你下了那么大功夫，准能在学术竞赛中脱颖而出。
2019-2020学年虹口新时代实验学校高三英语一模试卷及答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AThere have been many great painters in the rich history of Chinese art. Here are four of the greatest painters from China.Li Cheng (919—967, Five Dynasties and early Song Dynasty)Li Cheng contributed greatly to one of the golden ages of landscape paintings in world history. During his time, he was considered the best landscape painter ever. He is remembered especially for the winter landscapes he created and for simple compositions of tall, old evergreens set against a dry landscape. Several of his paintings are in thin ink which gives them a foggy appearance.Fan Kuan (990—1020 , Song Dynasty)Fan Kuan began his career by modeling Li Cheng's work but later created his own style, claiming that the only true teacher was nature. His finest workTravelers among Mountains and Streamsis a masterpiece of landscape painting and many future artists turned to it for inspiration.Qi Baishi (1864-1957)One of the greatest contemporary Chinese painters, Qi Baishi is known for not being influenced by Western styles like most painters of his time. He can be considered as the last great traditional painter of China. He painted almost everything from insects to landscapes. He is regarded highly in Chinese art for the freshness that he brought to the familiar types of birds and flowers, insects and grass.Wu Guanzhong (1919—2010)Widely considered as the founder of modern Chinese painting , Wu Guanzhong has painted various aspects of China, like its architecture, plants, animals, people and landscapes. Wu went on to combine Western and Chinese styles to create a unique form of modem art. In 1992, he became the first living Chinese artist whose work was exhibited at the British Museum.1.What do we know about Li Cheng?A.He loved landscape paintings.B.He copied many artists' work.C.His work gained worldwide recognition.D.He was considered as Fan Kuan's teacher.2.What is the main feature of Qi Baishi's paintings?A.They have foggy appearances.B.They lack diversity in the theme.C.They come under Western influence.D.They show advanced traditional painting skills.3.What did the four Chinese painters have in common?A.They were all modern painters.B.They all created landscape paintings.C.They were all impacted by Western art.D.They were all pioneers intraditional art history.BGray wolves have lived inNorth Americafor at least half a million years. Their living areas once included most of the continentalUnited States. But during the 1800s and early 1900s, wolves were hunted to near extinction(灭绝).By the 1960s, theU. S.wolf population was limited to a handful of creatures in small comers of the northernMidwest.Then, in 1973, a law, the ESA, was passed to protect animals from becoming extinct. Gray wolves were one of the first animals placed on the endangered-species(濒危物种)list. Killing them wasillicit. And theU. ernment worked to promote their protection. In a famous example of this effort, starting in 1995, 31 wolves were moved fromCanadatoYellowstoneNational Park. By 2015, more than 500 gray wolves were living in the Greater Yellowstone Ecosystem(生态系统).Today, the continentalU. S.is home to more than 6,000 gray wolves. On January 4, 2021, theU. ernment removed gray wolves from the endangered-species list.Usually, an animal's removal would be cause for celebration. But some environmental protectors say the wolves still need protection. In some parts of the country, wolves are increasing in numbers. More than a thousand of them can be found just inMichiganandWisconsin. But overall, their range is still a small part of what it was. Wolves used to live across most of the U. S. Now they , are found in fewer than a dozen states. Others argue that as long as a species is not in danger of extinction, it doesn't belong on the endangered-species list. And farmers with land near wolf living areas say that if the wolf's population continues to grow, more of their farm animals will be killed by wolves.But some protection groups worry that without protection, the wolf population will crash again. They hopethat no matter what, people and wolves can get along peacefully with each other. They are promoting ways to make that happen.4. What caused gray wolves to be almost extinct?A. Losing their living areas.B. Too many natural enemies.C. The extreme climate changes.D. Being hunted in great numbers.5. What does the underlined word "illicit" in paragraph 2 mean?A. Rather difficult.B. Against the law.C. Totally normal.D. Conditionally allowable.6. Why was the gray wolf removed from the endangered-species list?A. They have a much larger population already.B. They have all been put into the safe natural parks.C. They have been feeding on farmers, farm animals.D. They have grown too strong to be protected by humans.7. What do farmers living near gray wolves' living areas think of the animals?A. The wolves are trouble for them.B. The wolves must be better protected.C. The wolves get along peacefully with them.D. The wolves should live where they belong.CAlthough computer technology is often necessary today, using a pen or pencil activates more areas of your brain than a keyboard does. You can potentially remember more by handwriting, according to a new study.The potential benefits of handwriting for memory have been debated for some time. The new study set out to answer one question: How does handwriting compare to using a keyboard when it comes to remembering new information?In all,24 participants took part. Researchers asked each of them to write with a pen and then each was also asked to type on a keyboard. While performing these tasks, each volunteer wore a cap that held electrodes next to their head. It looked somewhat like a hair net fitted with 256 sensors. Those sensors recorded the participants' brainwaves. The electrodes noted which parts of the brain turned on during each task. And they showed that writing turned on memory areas in the brain while typing didn't.Audrey van der Meer, the new study's leader, says this suggests that when we write by hand, we rememberbetter. “This is because writing involves complex movements that activate more areas of the brain. The increased brain activity gives the brain more ‘hooks’ to hang your memories on,” she explains. Van der Meer also points out that writing by hand is related to visual notetaking. “Rather than typing blindly, the visual notetaker has to think about what is important to write down. Then, key words can be interlinked by boxes, arrows and small drawings,” she adds.This study does not recommend banning digital devices. In fact, its authors point out, computers and other devices with keyboards have become necessary in modern society. Keyboarding can especially benefit those with certain special needs (such as if they have trouble using their hands) and typing beats writing when it comes to speed, they add.8. Why were participants asked to wear caps in the study?A. To record their brainwavesB. To inform them of their tasksC. To allow them to focus on writingD. To protect their heads like hair nets9. What does Audrey van der Meer try to explain?A. Why handwriting is more complex than typingB. Why the brain works when it comes to learningC. Why handwriting helps remember informationD. Why key words are helpful to visual notetaking10. What is the study's authors' view on typing?A. It relieves people's handsB. It remains vital and helpfulC. It is not worth recommendingD. It is more challenging than writing11. Which of the following can be a suitable title for the text?A. How Can You Remember New Information?B. Handwriting Benefits Health in the LongRunC. Should Typing Take the Place of Handwriting?D. Handwriting Is Better for Memory Than TypingDI was at my parent’s dinner table. Before me was a worn journal of thin and discolor1 ed pages. It was my grandfather’s journal and now belonged to my father. My grandfather had passed away in the months leading up to my birth. I never got to visit the places he had frequented and the people who had been a part of his life’s journey.I was now about to enter his world, through the words he had left behind. Within minutes, I wascaptivatedby the power of the written words. In the magical script (笔迹) before me, I was transported to another age whenfood was an everyday art, planned, prepared and enjoyed in the company of others, and a time when people had the heart to pause their own lives to embrace (拥抱) each other’s struggles. All this was conveyed to me in the beauty of the words that flowed together to connect with the writer’s mind and understand the world they lived in.That kind of writing seems to be lost on us today. We have gotten used to writing in bite-sized pieces for a public looking for entertainment, and hungry for information. No wonder, there are nearly 200 million bloggers on the Internet and a new blog is created somewhere in the world every half a second. Instead of adding to our collective wisdom, most of these writings reflectthe superficiality (肤浅) and impatience of our day and age.This not only robs us of the skill of writing impressive essays, it also prevents us from exploring what is indeed important. Writing humbles (使谦卑) us in a way that is vital for our character growth, by reminding us about the limits of the self and our appropriate place in the vast flow of life. Writing frees us by helping us explore the unknown so that we really open up to magic of the world around us. I saw all of this in the writing of my grandfather. And I’ve seen it again and again in the writings of the greatest thinkers of humanity. Their writing reflect deep thought on issues of human importance.12. The underlined word “captivated” in the second paragraph can be replaced by “________”.A. puzzledB. frightenedC. attractedD. defeated13. In the author’s grandfather’s age, people ________.A. lived a hard lifeB. cared about each otherC. were fond of writingD. treated food as an art14. The author begins the text with her grandfather’s journal in order to ________.A. show her respect to her grandfatherB. present the importance of good writingC. express her interest in reading as well as writingD. raise the problems with today’s writing15. In the last paragraph, the author is trying to _________.A. discuss what good writing is likeB. express her strong desire to learn writing skillsC. stress the effects of her grandfather’s journal on herD. show her admiration for her grandfather’s writing第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
虹口区2019学年第一学期期终学生学习能力诊断测试高三英语试卷2019.12Ⅱ. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.Innovations that will change the classroomAmerican schools are going high - tech. Many symbols we still associate with classrooms and learning, like chalkboards, pens, notebooks - even classrooms (21) _______ --- are quickly becoming outdated.As this week marks The Huffington Post’s 10th anniversary, we’ll take a look at some products that (22) _______ (introduce) to classroom in the past decade and have the potential to change the educational landscape in the years (23) _______ (come).1. Remote LearningSome schools are cutting down on snow days, thanks to technology. Rather than giving kids the day off (24) _______ weather conditions are too dangerous for commuting, these schools are asking students to follow classroom lessons online.Although kids (25) _______ (hope) for a snow day may not particularly appreciate these advancements in digital learning, online lessons allow these kids to complete their coursework and still interact with peers. Some students with medical conditions (26) _______ “go”to school via video conferencing or even with the help of robots enabled with video chat that they can control remotely.2. eBooksDiscovery Education has been replacing traditional textbooks with original “techbooks”for six years. These “techbooks”can also be switched to Spanish or French, Kinney said, (27) _______ allows some parents who don’t speak English to help their kids with their homework.3. Educational GamesIn-class gaming options have evolved to include more educational options. GlassLab creates educational games that are now being used in more than 6,000 classrooms across the country. Teachers get real-time updates on students’progress as well as suggestions on (28) _______ subjects they need to spend more time perfecting.The Internet and other digital tools have some drawbacks. They’re often distracting, (29) _______ most developments have exciting implications for the future. Over the last 10 years, technological innovations have made education more interactive, immediate and (30) _______ (personalize), -- and have shown us the potential for more accessible and effective classrooms.Section BDirections: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.How do Cigarettes Affect the Body?Cigarettes aren’t good for us. But how exactly do cigarettes harm us? Let’s look at what happens as their ingredients make their way through our bodies, and how we benefit (31) _______ when we finally give up smoking.Inside the airways and lungs, smoke increases the (32) _______ of infections as well as long - lasting diseases. It does this by damaging the tiny hair - like tissues which keep the airways clean. That’s one of the reasons smoking can lead to oxygen loss and (33) _______ of breath.Within about 10 seconds, the bloodstream carries a stimulant called nicotine to the brain, creating the (34) _______ sensations which make smoking highly addictive. Nicotine and other chemicals from the cigarette, at the same time, cause tightness of blood tubes, restricting blood flow. These effects on blood tubes leadto (35) _______ of blood tube walls, increasing the possibility of heart attacks and strokes.Many of the chemicals inside cigarettes can activate dangerous (36) _______ in the body’s DNA that make cancers form. In fact, about one of every three cancer deaths in the United States is caused by smoking. And it’s not just lung cancer. Smoking can cause cancer in multiple tissues and organs, as well as damaged eyesight and (37) _______ bones. It makes it harder for women to get pregnant. And in men, it can cause long-term damages of body functions.But for those who quit smoking, there’s a huge positive upside with almost (38) _______ and long-lasting physical benefits. A day after ceasing, heart attack risk begins to decrease as blood pressure and heart rates (39) _______. Lungs become healthier after about one month, with less coughing. After ten years, the chances of developing fatal lung cancer go down by 50%, probably because the body’s ability to repair DNA is once again restored.There’s no point pretending this is all easy to achieve. Quitting can lead to anxiety and depression. But fortunately, such effects are usually (40) _______. Advice and support groups and moderate intensity exercise also help smokers stay cigarette - free. That’s good news, since quitting puts you and your body on the path back to health.Ⅲ. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context. Inc. is checking out of China’s fiercely competitive domestic e-commerce market. The company told sellers on Thursday that it would no longer __41__ its third - party online marketplace or provide seller services on its Chinese website, . ___42___,domestic companies will no longer be able to sell products to Chinese consumers on its e-commerce platform.The decision marks an end to a long ___43___ by America’s e-commerce giants in the Chinese market. The firms entered the Chinese market with great attention in the early 2000s, only to ___44___ in the face of competition from China’s faster - moving Internet giants.Amazon has been in talks to ___45___ its e-commerce business for goods imported into China with a Chinese competitor, NetEase Inc.’s Kaola, in a stock - for - stock transaction（交易）, according to a person familiar with the matter. That would remove the Amazon name from ___46___ e-commerce in China. Neither company would confirm the progress or details of those ___47___, nor would they say if they are continuing.In a written statement, Amazon said it remained ___48___ to China through its global stores, Kindle businesses and web services. Amazon China’s president would leave to take on another role within the company, the company said. The China consumer - business team will report ___49___ to the company’s global team.When Amazon first entered China in 2004 with the ___50____ of , it was the largest online seller for books, music and video there. Most Chinese consumers were using cash - on - delivery as their to form of ___51___. Today, Amazon China chiefly caters to customers looking for imported international goods such as cosmetics and milk powder and is a(n) ___52___ player in the booming Chinese e-commerce market.Amazon China commanded just 6% of gross market volume in the niche（细分的）cross - border e-commerce market in the fourth quarter of 2018, versus NetEase Kaola’s 25% ___53___ and the 32% held by Alibaba Group Holding Ltd.’s Tmall InternationalChinese consumers are becoming more fascinated with ___54___ brands. In 2011, 85% of Chinese consumers said they would always buy a foreign brand over a domestic one. By 2016, 60% of respondents said they preferred domestic over foreign brands. Shaun Rein, China Market research’s founder, said American e-commerce giants ___55___ obstacles in China because they didn’t offered the products or user experience that consumers were looking for.41. A. assist B. expand C. operate D. tailor42. A. As a result B. By contrast C. For exampleD. In addition43. A. criticism B. negotiation C. struggle D. resolution44. A. interact B. withdraw C. splitD. survive45. A. associate B. combine C. exchangeD. supply46. A. time - consuming B. long - suffering C. ever - lasting D. consumer - facing47. A. talks B. businesses C. competitions D. instructions48. A. related B. accustomed C. exposed D. committed49. A. automatically B. directly C. regularlyD. secretly50. A. breakdown B. improvement C. purchaseD. participation51. A. refund B. payment C. sponsorshipD. trade52. A. complicated B. critical C. originalD. insignificant53. A. share B. budget C. volumeD. maximum54. A. foreign B. luxurious C. domestic D. fashionable55. A. dealt with B. forgot about C. got throughD. came acrossSection BDirections: Read the following three passages. English passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)People worry that developments in Artificial Intelligence, or A.I., will bringabout a point in history when A. I. overtakes human intelligence, leading to an unimaginable revolution in human affairs. Or they wonder whether instead of our controlling artificial intelligence, it will control us.The situation may not arise for hundreds of years to come, but this doesn’t mean we have nothing to worry about. On the contrary, The A. I. products that now exist are improving faster than most people realize and promise to fundamentally transform our world, not always for the better. They are only tools, not a competing form of intelligence. But they will reshape what work means and how wealth is created.Unlike the Industrial Revolution and the Computer Revolution, the A. I. revolution is not taking certain jobs and replacing them with other jobs. Instead, it is believed to cause a wide - scale elimination of jobs -- mostly lower - paying jobs, but some higher - paying ones, too.This transformation will result in enormous profits for the companies that develop A.I., as well as for the companies that adopt it. We are thus facing two developments that do not sit easily together; enormous wealth concentrated in relatively few hands and enormous numbers of people out of work. What is to be done?Part of the answer will involve educating or retraining people in tasks A.I. tools aren’t good at. Artificial intelligence is poorly suited for jobs involving creativity, planning and “cross - field”thinking. But these skills are typically required by high - paying jobs that may be hard to retrain displaced workers to do. More promising are lower - paying jobs involving the “people skills”that A.I. lacks: social workers, barmen, doormen -- professions requiring human interaction. But how many barmen does a society really need?The solution to the problem of mass unemployment will involve “service jobs of love.”These are jobs that A. I. cannot do, that society needs and that give people a sense of purpose. Examples include accompanying an older person to visit a doctor, helping at an orphanage and serving as a sponsor at charity organization. The volunteer service jobs of today, in other words, may turn into the real jobs of the future.Other volunteer jobs may be higher - paying and professional, such as compassionate medial service providers. In all cases, people will be able to choose to work fewer hours than they do now.56. In what aspect is the A. I. revolution different from the Industrial or the Computer revolution?A. The A.I. revolution will finally become one beyond human’s control.B. A. I. is believed to lead to a point in history when it takes over human intelligence.C. Higher - paying jobs will take the place of lower-paying ones in the A.I. revolution.D. It may bring about mass unemployment to matter how much employees are paid.57. The underlined word “promising”in paragraph 5 is closest in meaning to _______.A. promotionalB. demandingC. guaranteedD. potential58. What does the author suggest in the face of the A.I. revolution?A. It is sensible to encourage people to take volunteer jobs.B. People should be instructed to do less demanding jobs.C. The problem of job loss can be solved by creating lower-paying jobs.D. Jobs requiring knowledge in different fields are suitable for displaced workers.59. Which of the following may serve as the best title of the passage?A. The A.I. Revolution Creates New Job Opportunities.B. Challenges the A. I. Revolution Brings to Job Market.C. A Double - edged Sword: the A.I. Revolution.D. Interrelationship between A.I. and Unemployment.(B)Advanced Rechargeable Digital Hearing Aid Technology Only $229!The new Advanced HearClear HCR3 rechargeable hearing and combines advanced technology with a low price to provide you with outstanding value.5 star Reviews!☆☆☆☆☆Outstanding Product! “This product is outstanding. Dad loves it, my mom loves it, and I am grateful! Don’t believe that you have to spend a lot of money to get a quality hearing aid”-- Gilmore B.HCR3 Features!◆New Advanced Third Generation American Technology◆Easy ON / OFF Button◆Automatic Noise Reduction and Feedback Cancellation◆100% Money Back Guarantee◆......Even Better In Pairs!Your brain is designed to use both ears working together. In fact, studies show that you may be able to hear up to 3 times better in noisy situations when using two hearing aids. Buy a pair for the best results and maximum savings!Simple. Affordable. Rechargeable Digital Hearing Aid - For Only $229!The new HearClear HCR3 Rechargeable Digital Hearing Aids features advanced third generation digital technology at an unbelievably affordable Pride! The HCR3 is packed with the same key technologies that all high end digital hearing aids share while leaving out the extra bells and whistles that increase cost and require expensive adjustments. This helps you hear better, while saving you lot of money.Your new HearClear HCR3 hearing aids work at a fraction of the cost of name - brand hearing aids, and you won’t have to keep changing the batteries! You will love the comfortable and lightweight Open - fit design. The HCR3 is pre-programmed for most moderate to significant hearing losses, so you won’t need professional appointments to make costly adjustments. It is shipped directly to you and will help you hear better right out of the box!You can spend thousands for an expensive hearing aid, or you can spend just $249 for hearing aid that is great for most hearing losses (only $229 each when you buy a pair). We are so sure you will love your hearing aids that we offer a 100% Money Back Guarantee - Risk Free if you are not satisfied for any reason.60. How much will you pay if you want to buy a pair of HCR3 hearing aids?A. $229.B. $249C. $458D. $49861. Which of the following features can be added to the section “HCR3 Features”?①Built - in programs for different listening situations.②Easy access to changing batteries.③Digital sound processing chip.④Simple adjustments without professional help.A. ①③B. ①③④C. ②③④D. ①②③62. One reason why buying a pair of hearing aids is recommended is that _________.A. the HCR3 guarantees 100% refund if bought in pairsB. it will save consumers up to $20 for a pair of hearing aidsC. humans are pre - programmed to better hear with two earsD. people can hear triple better in various situation with two hearing aids(C)For several decades, there has been an extensive and organized campaign intended to generate distrust in science, funded by regulated industries and libertarian think tanks（自由主义智囊团）whose interests and beliefs are threatened by the findings of modern science. In response, scientists have tended to stress the success of science. After all, scientists have been right about most things, from the structure of the universe to the relativity of time and space.Quoting successes isn’t wrong, but for many people it’s not persuasive. What is typically declared to be the scientific method -- develop a supposition, then design an experiment to test it -- isn’t what scientists actually do. Science is active so that new methods get invented and old ones get abandoned. The scientific method doesn’t always work. False theories can produce true results, so even if an experiment works, it doesn’t prove that the theory it was designed to test it true.If there is no identifiable scientific method, then what is the guarantee for trust in science?The answer is the methods by which those claims are evaluated. A scientificclaim is never accepted as true until it has gone through a long process of examination by fellow scientists. Until this point, scientific feedback is typically fairly friendly. But the next step is different: once the paper is ready, it is presented to a scientific journal, where things get a whole lot tougher. Editors deliberately send scientific papers to people who are not friends or colleagues of the authors, and the job of the reviewer is to find errors or other inadequacies. We call this process “peer review”because the reviewers are scientific peers but they act in the role of a superior who has both the right and the obligation to find fault. It is only after the reviewers and the editor are satisfied that any problems have been fixed that the paper is accepted for publication and enters the body of “science.”Does this process ever go wrong? Of course. Scientists are human. But if we look carefully at historical cases where science went wrong, typically there was no agreement reached by all. Some people argue that we should not trust science because scientists are “always changing their minds.”While examples of truly settled science being overturned are far fewer than is sometimes claimed, they do exist. But the beauty of this scientific process is that it explains what might otherwise appear paradoxical（矛盾的）: that science produces both novelty（新颖性）and stability. New observations, ideas, interpretations introduce novelty: trans-formative questioning leads to collective decisions and the stability of scientific knowledge. Scientists do change their minds in the face of new evidence, but this is a strength of science, not a weakness.63. Distrust in science has been found because _________.A. scientists’citing successes isn’t persuasive for many people to some extentB. most scientists have tended to lay too much emphasis on the success of scienceC. a wide - ranging and organized campaign has been founded in some industries and think tanksD. someone’s benefits and beliefs are endangered by the findings of modern science64. Which of the following statements will the author agree with about a scientific method?A. A scientific method doesn’t necessarily take effect because science is changing.B. A scientific method is not right because it isn’t what scientists actually do.C. A successful experiment can guarantee the truthfulness of a claim by a scientificmethod.D. True theories can produce false results because the scientific method doesn’t work.65. What purpose does “peer review”in evaluating a scientific claim mainly serve?A. The scientific claim can be completely accepted by the reviewers in the same field.B. The scientific peers can draw right conclusions by finding its faults or other inadequacies.C. The scientific claim can be published and recognized as true in science.D. The scientific paper can be successfully submitted to a scientific journal.66. It can be inferred from the last paragraph that _________.A. Not all the claims about the falsehood of well-established science lead to its being overturnedB. It is inevitable that science sometimes goes wrong because it appears paradoxicalC. The beauty of science lies in the paradox of being both novel and stableD. Science is not trustful because scientists always change their minds.Section CDirections: Read the passage carefully. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.Is Multitasking Always Good?Not only do smart-phones provide unrestricted access to information, they provide perfect opportunities to multitask. Any activity can be accompanied by music, selfies or social media updates. Of course, some people pick poor times to tweet or text, and lawmakers have steeped in. __67__ In Honolulu, it’s illegal to text or even look at your phone while crossing the street, and in the Netherlands they’ve banned texting while biking.__68__ You need to self-regulate. Understanding how the brain multitasks and why we find multitasking so appealing will help you realize the danger or pulling out your phone.Multitasking feels like doing two things at the same time, so it seems the danger lies in asking one mental process to do two unrelated things -- for texting drivers, watching the screen and the road.Twenty states have instituted bans on driving using a hand - held phone while still allowing hands - free calls. Yet hands - free or hand - held makes no difference. __69__ The real problem is the switch of attention between the conversation and road, and that affects performance.Please sense this, and when on the phone they drive slower and increase their following distance, but they are far too confident that these measures reduce risks. This overconfidence extends to other activities. A 2015 survey showed that a majority of students who use social media, text or watch TV while studying think that they can still comprehend the material they’re studying.People don’t multitask merely because they see no harm in it; they see benefits. ___70___ Most people will still choose to multitask. But they should, at the very least , be fully aware of how that choice affects them and the potential consequences for themselves and others. They need to pay attention to how much -- or how little -- they are paying attention.Ⅳ. Summary WritingDirections: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.71. The Zeigarnik EffectHave you ever found yourself thinking about a partially finished project for school or work when you were trying to focus on other things? Or perhaps you wondered what would happen next in your favorite TV show or film series. If you have, you’ve experienced the Zeigarnik effect. You tend to remember unfinished tasks better than finished tasks. Knowledge of the Zeigarnik effect can be put into use in everyday life.The effect is especially well suited for helping overcome procrastination or delaying an action to a later time. We often put off big tasks that seem overwhelming. However, the Zeigarnik effect suggests that the key to overcoming procrastination is to just get started. The first step could be something small and seemingly insignificant. In fact, it’s probably best if it’s something fairly easy.The Zeigarnik effect can be useful for students who are studying for an exam. The effect tells us that breaking up study periods can actually improve recall. So instead of cramming for an exam all in one sitting, breaks should be scheduled in which the student focuses on something else. This will cause intrusive（侵入的）thoughts, enabling students to rehearse and consolidate the information that must be remembered, leading to better recall when they take the exam.The Zeigarnik effect also points to reasons why people may experience mental health problems. If an individual leaves important tasks incomplete, the intrusive thoughts that result can lead to stress, anxiety, difficulty sleeping, and emotional distress. Conversely, completing a task can give an individual a sense of accomplishment and lead to a feeling of closure that can improve psychological well - being.The Zeigarnik effect can actually be used to positively impact your work productivity.Ⅴ. TranslationDirections: Translation the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.72. 导游让游客相信不少欧洲小镇确实值得看一看。
