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淘洗方法石蜡法
淘洗法是一种根据矿物密度不同以使其分离的方法，而石蜡法通常指的是失蜡铸造法。
淘洗法主要用于开采砂矿时的矿物分离。
具体操作是将砂样置于盛水的淘砂盘中，通过反复振荡、搅拌和淘洗，使得重矿物留在盘底，轻矿物随水漂出，从而实现轻重矿物的分离。
这种方法适用于各种重砂矿物的分离过程。
石蜡法，也就是失蜡铸造法，是一种金属铸造工艺。
这个过程通常包括以下步骤：
1. 制作蜡模：首先制作一个与最终产品形状相同的蜡模型。
2. 涂覆铸砂：将蜡模浸入含有铸砂的浆料中，使其表面覆盖一层硬化材料。
3. 融化蜡质：将涂覆后的模型加热，使内部的蜡融化并流出，留下一个与蜡模形状相同的空腔。
4. 浇注金属：将熔融金属倒入型腔中，冷却固化后即得到所需的铸件。
总的来说，这两种方法在实际应用中各自有不同的领域和目的。
淘洗法用于矿物的分离，而失蜡法则用于金属制品的精密铸造。
石蜡工艺品制作流程The process of creating paraffin crafts is a detailed and intricate one that requires skill and creativity. 石蜡工艺品的制作过程是一个细致而复杂的过程，需要技巧和创造力。
First and foremost, the creation of paraffin crafts begins with the selection of high-quality paraffin wax. 首先，制作石蜡工艺品始于高质量石蜡的选择。
The paraffin wax is then melted down in a large pot over a heat source, such as a stove or a double boiler. 然后，将石蜡在大锅中加热熔化，如炉灶或双层锅。
Once the paraffin wax has reached the desired temperature and consistency, it is ready to be poured into molds. 一旦石蜡达到了所需的温度和一致性，就可以倒入模具中。
After the paraffin wax has cooled and solidified, the craftsman carefully removes the finished product from the molds. 当石蜡冷却凝固后，工匠小心地将成品从模具中取出。
The craftsman then applies any desired coloring or detailing to the paraffin craft using methods such as painting or carving. 然后，工匠会使用绘画或雕刻等方法，给石蜡工艺品涂上所需的颜色或图案。
蜡模铸造的主要生产工艺
蜡模铸造是一种常见的铸造工艺，包括以下主要生产步骤：
1. 蜡模制作：以实际产品的形状和尺寸为基础，使用注蜡机将蜡注入模具中，制作出与最终产品形状相同的蜡模。
2. 蜡模组装：将多个蜡模组装在一起，形成整体模具。
通常会在内部加入钢制芯子，以保持模具的形状和结构稳定。
3. 涂覆（砂型、石膏、陶瓷）：将组装好的蜡模浸入特定材料（如砂型、石膏或陶瓷）中，涂覆一层保护层。
4. 加固和干燥：待保护层干燥后，进行加固处理，通常使用烘炉进行烘干，以提高强度和耐热性。
5. 熔蜡脱模：将加固后的模具置于熔蜡炉中加热，使蜡模熔化并从模具中流出，形成蜡模空腔。
6. 熔炼金属：选取适合的金属材料，熔化金属并进行精炼和调质处理。
7. 熔模：将金属液体注入蜡模空腔中，让其充满整个蜡模空腔。
8. 冷却固化：待金属冷却定型后，蜡模和保护层可通过敲打或加热等方法移除。
9. 抛光和加工：对于粗糙的铸件表面，需要进行抛光和加工，以达到所需的平滑度和尺寸精度。
10. 检验和质量控制：对铸件进行必要的检验，检查尺寸、表面质量和材料成分等，确保产品符合要求。
11. 后处理和组装：对铸件进行清洗、表面处理、热处理等后处理工序，并进行组装、包装等，最终成为成品。
铸蜡工艺技术铸蜡工艺技术是一种常用于精密铸造的工艺方法，其主要原理是通过在模具中填充蜡模，然后将其加热至融化状态，最后将融化的蜡模倒出，留下一空腔模具。
然后在此模具中灌注熔态金属，经过冷却凝固后，取出模具，即可得到所需的铸造件。
铸蜡工艺技术具有以下几个优点：首先，铸蜡工艺技术可以制造出形状复杂、精度高的铸件。
由于蜡模具的可塑性较高，所以在制作模具时可以灵活地控制模具的形状，可以制造出几乎任何形状的铸件。
同时，由于蜡模具能够很好地复制模具表面的细节特征，所以可以制造出精度高的铸件。
其次，铸蜡工艺技术可以实现良好的表面质量。
蜡模具具有较低的表面粗糙度和纹路，使得铸件的表面光滑，不需要进行太多的后续加工。
此外，铸蜡工艺技术可以制造出无内部缺陷的铸件，提高了其使用性能和可靠性。
再次，铸蜡工艺技术可以实现大批量生产。
通过采用多腔模具，可以一次性制造出多个相同形状的铸件，提高了生产效率。
而且，蜡模具的制作成本相对较低，可以进行多次使用，降低了生产成本。
最后，铸蜡工艺技术适用于多种金属的铸造。
无论是有色金属、黑色金属还是合金，都可以采用铸蜡工艺技术进行铸造。
而且，由于使用的是蜡模具，不会出现与金属之间的反应，可以保证铸件的纯净度和化学性能。
在使用铸蜡工艺技术进行铸造时，需要注意以下几点：首先，蜡模具的制作要满足一定的要求，包括模具的尺寸精度、表面平整度和内部净度等。
只有满足了这些要求，才能够制造出高质量的铸件。
其次，需要控制好蜡模具的温度和加热时间。
温度过高会导致蜡模具热胀冷缩，造成模具变形和破裂；加热时间过长则会使蜡模具炭化和熔化，影响铸件的质量。
再次，需要选择合适的熔蜡和熔金的温度。
熔蜡的温度要能够使蜡模具全部熔化，且温度较低，以减少炭化和熔融的可能性；熔金的温度要能够保持在合适的范围内，以避免铸件烧结或烧损。
最后，需要进行严格的质量控制和检测。
在铸蜡工艺技术中，可以采用X射线探测、超声波检测和金相检测等方法，对铸件进行质量检测，以确保其质量符合要求。
蜡模铸造（Lost Wax Casting）是一种常用的铸造工艺，用于制造复杂形状和精密度较高的金属制品。
以下是蜡模铸造的一般工艺流程：制作蜡模：制作模具：根据产品设计和要求，制作蜡模的金属模具。
这个模具会根据产品的形状和尺寸来决定。
注蜡：在模具中注入熔化的蜡料，充满整个模具空腔。
蜡料冷却后会形成与最终产品相似的蜡模。
蜡模组装：蜡模修整：修整蜡模的表面，去除不规则边缘和缺陷。
蜡模组装：将多个蜡模组合在一起，形成一个整体。
这包括将蜡模连接到蜡杆上，以便后续操作。
蜡模包覆：包覆蜡模：将蜡模浸入耐火涂料中，使其表面涂覆一层耐火涂料。
耐火涂料可以提供保护和支撑，以防止在铸造过程中形变或损坏。
烧蜡脱模：加热：将蜡模包覆件放入烤箱或炉中，加热至蜡料完全熔化并流出。
这个过程被称为烧蜡，蜡模会脱离包覆件，留下蜡模的空腔。
预热和烧结：预热：将脱蜡后的包覆件进行预热，以除去残留的蜡和其他挥发性物质。
烧结：将预热后的包覆件放入高温炉中，进行烧结，使耐火涂料硬化和变得坚固。
铸造：熔化金属：将所需的金属材料（如铝、铜、铁等）熔化到适当的温度。
浇注：将熔化的金属倒入预热和烧结后的包覆件中，填充蜡模空腔，形成铸件形状。
冷却和分离：冷却：让金属铸件在包覆件中冷却和凝固，直至达到足够强度。
分离：将冷却后的铸件从包覆件中分离，一般采用敲击或其他适当的方法。
补修和后处理：补修：清除铸件表面的缺陷，进行打磨、修整等工序，使其达到设计要求的尺寸和表面质量。
后处理：进行可能的热处理、抛光、电镀等后处理工序，以提升铸件的性能和外观。
蜡模铸造工艺
蜡模铸造工艺是一种古老而又传承千年的工艺，是金属铸件工艺之一。
它是一种利用蜡模熔炼金属铸件的工艺，可以将金属浇注到蜡模内，以达到准确定位，形状贴合，材质优良，外观精美的产品。
蜡模铸造是一种神奇的工艺，它可以将任何一个形状的零件铸造出来，使零件更加准确、质量更好，并且运行更加简单，无需任何外部辅助工具，可以节约成本，提高效率，具有相当的经济效益。
蜡模铸造的历史可以追溯到古代，古人就已经学会用蜡加热定位、成型等一些基本加工技术，与金属铸件相比，它具有更高的精度。
在传统的手工铸造工艺中，采用蜡模可以大大减少劳动力，同时可以制造出更精确的零件铸件。
现代蜡模铸造工艺主要分为几个步骤：首先，需要选择合适的蜡样，然后将蜡模填充浇注溶剂，并确定融解温度；其次，金属料溶解后进入蜡模，形成均匀的蜡模外壳；最后，将蜡模冷却，待其冷却后便可以去除蜡模，从而得到理想的铸件产品。
蜡模铸造工艺虽然比传统手工铸造简单，但仍然存在一定的难点。
一方面，蜡模在加工后会产生残留蜡，从而影响零件的特性和使用性能；另一方面，蜡模的硬度会影响零件的精度，从而影响铸件的准确性和质量。
此外，蜡模铸造工艺还有另外一个优点，就是它可以有效地减少金属的损耗，提高金属的利用率，从而降低成本，从而节省开支。
综上所述，蜡模铸造工艺是一种古老而又传承千年的工艺，它不
但可以减少劳动力，精确定位，而且可以有效减少金属的损耗，提高金属的利用率，从而节省投入成本，取得良好的经济效益。
它不仅是中国古代金属铸件加工技术的代表，而且也是一种实用性和可靠性良好的工艺，已经得到了广泛应用。
蜡模铸造工艺
蜡模铸造是一种金属加工的传统技术，它可以制造出精密的金属件。
蜡模铸造的工艺步骤如下：
1. 制备蜡模：制备蜡模需要熔融蜡，将其浇入金属模具中形成准确的蜡模形状。
2. 加热蜡模：将蜡模加热，使其凝固，并起到固定蜡模的作用。
3. 加热压力铸件：将压力铸件加热，使其融化，这样可以更容易地将铸件流入蜡模中。
4. 冷却固化：等压力铸件和蜡模温度到达一定程度才开始冷却，固化，结束上面步骤。
5. 抽出蜡模：最后抽出冷却固化的蜡模，将冷却金属浇入蜡模中。
蜡模铸造具有一定的特点，要想保持产品的质量，必须考虑材料的特性，认真细致地按照工艺要求完成。
铸件的精度是蜡模铸造的核心技术，因为蜡模在铸件中的准确位置和温度的变化会影响铸件的尺寸精度。
同时，在这件铸件加热后，金属需要流动，只有在蜡模形状准确的情况下，铸件才能完美地完成。
蜡模铸造是一项技术，也是一种艺术，需要对工艺过程有深刻的了解，同时又要求有丰富的经验才能生产出精致的铸件。
第1篇摘要：蜡模铸造工艺是一种传统的金属铸造方法，广泛应用于航空航天、汽车制造、精密仪器等领域。
本文将详细介绍蜡模铸造工艺的原理、步骤、特点和适用范围，并对其发展趋势进行探讨。
一、蜡模铸造工艺原理蜡模铸造工艺是一种将金属液浇注到预先制备的蜡模中，冷却凝固后形成铸件的一种铸造方法。
其基本原理如下：1. 设计：根据产品结构、尺寸和性能要求，设计出相应的蜡模。
2. 制造蜡模：采用失蜡法、注蜡法、吹蜡法等方法制备蜡模。
3. 组装：将蜡模组装成蜡模组，并设置浇注系统、冒口和冷铁等辅助设施。
4. 浇注：将金属液浇注到蜡模组中，使其冷却凝固。
5. 脱蜡：将冷却凝固的铸件从蜡模中取出。
6. 清理：去除铸件上的浇注系统、冒口和冷铁等辅助设施。
7. 后处理：对铸件进行热处理、机械加工等后处理。
二、蜡模铸造工艺步骤1. 设计：根据产品要求，进行结构设计、尺寸计算和性能分析。
2. 制造蜡模：（1）失蜡法：将熔融的蜡液浇注到模具中，冷却凝固后形成蜡模。
（2）注蜡法：将熔融的蜡液注入到模具中，冷却凝固后形成蜡模。
（3）吹蜡法：将熔融的蜡液通过吹管吹入模具中，冷却凝固后形成蜡模。
3. 组装：将蜡模组装成蜡模组，设置浇注系统、冒口和冷铁等辅助设施。
4. 浇注：将金属液浇注到蜡模组中，使其冷却凝固。
5. 脱蜡：将冷却凝固的铸件从蜡模中取出。
6. 清理：去除铸件上的浇注系统、冒口和冷铁等辅助设施。
7. 后处理：对铸件进行热处理、机械加工等后处理。
三、蜡模铸造工艺特点1. 精度高：蜡模铸造工艺可制造出尺寸精度高、表面光洁度好的铸件。
2. 适应性广：可适用于各种复杂形状的铸件。
3. 材料利用率高：蜡模铸造工艺可充分利用材料，降低成本。
4. 生产周期短：蜡模铸造工艺可缩短生产周期，提高生产效率。
5. 环境友好：蜡模铸造工艺在生产过程中产生的废弃物较少，对环境污染较小。
四、蜡模铸造工艺适用范围蜡模铸造工艺适用于以下领域：1. 航空航天：发动机、涡轮叶片、机匣等。
一、实习背景随着科技的不断发展，机械制造行业在我国经济中的地位日益重要。
为了提高自身的实践能力，加深对机械制造工艺的理解，我们选择了金工实习这一课程。
在本次实习中，我们重点学习了铸造工艺，尤其是石蜡铸造。
以下是我对本次实习的总结和体会。
二、实习内容1. 理论学习首先，我们了解了铸造工艺的基本原理和过程。
铸造是将金属熔化后倒入预先准备好的铸型中，待冷却凝固后取出铸件的一种金属成型方法。
石蜡铸造是其中一种，其特点是铸型材料为石蜡，具有易熔、易加工、可重复使用等优点。
2. 实践操作在理论学习的指导下，我们开始了石蜡铸造的实践操作。
具体步骤如下：（1）准备铸型：根据铸件尺寸和形状，设计并制作石蜡铸型。
在制作过程中，我们学会了如何制作分型面、浇注系统、冷却系统等。
（2）熔化金属：将金属放入炉中加热至熔化状态。
（3）浇注：将熔化的金属倒入石蜡铸型中。
（4）冷却凝固：待金属完全凝固后，取出铸件。
（5）清理铸件：去除铸件上的浇注系统、冷却系统等部分，并进行打磨、抛光等处理。
3. 实习总结通过本次实习，我们不仅掌握了石蜡铸造的基本工艺流程，还了解了以下知识点：（1）铸型的设计与制作：铸型的设计应考虑铸件的尺寸、形状、壁厚等因素，以确保铸件质量。
（2）金属熔化与浇注：金属熔化温度、浇注速度等参数对铸件质量有重要影响。
（3）冷却与凝固：冷却速度对铸件组织结构、性能有重要影响。
（4）清理与处理：铸件清理、打磨、抛光等处理工艺对铸件外观和精度有重要影响。
三、实习体会1. 实践是检验真理的唯一标准。
通过本次实习，我们深刻体会到理论知识与实践操作相结合的重要性。
2. 团队合作是完成实习任务的关键。
在实习过程中，我们学会了相互协作、共同进步。
3. 安全生产意识至关重要。
在实习过程中，我们时刻注意安全操作，确保人身和设备安全。
4. 勤奋学习、勇于创新。
在今后的学习和工作中，我们将继续努力，提高自己的实践能力和创新意识。
总之，本次金工实习铸造石蜡的实践操作使我们受益匪浅，为我们今后从事机械制造行业奠定了坚实基础。
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石蜡铸造工艺（Paraffin casting process）The lost wax casting process was developed from ancient casting process. More than 5000 years ago in the late Neolithic period, the ancient Chinese craftsmen in the manufacture of bronze, widely used lost wax casting process. At the time of the craftsmen according to the characteristics of plasticity and heat volatile beeswax, beeswax first carved wax to shape, and then wrapped in wax and clay and set aside a small hole, dry after roasting, the wax and clay gasification volatilization, has become a ceramic shell, the inner wall of the shell left female mold wax. At this time, the molten metal is injected into the shell along a small hole, and then the shell is broken after cooling to obtain the required metal blank. The basic principle is as modern lost wax casting technology, but more sophisticated. This is mainly reflected in the more stringent requirements of accurate wax type. Get the wax in modern technology not only directly carved on wax, but also through the metal mold (original version) silicone molding die is obtained, and then the wax wax injection after silica gel die. Casting material is no longer clay, instead of casting gypsum. Such products are much finer than those of ancient ones.Lost wax casting process are: plastic mold - plastic mold pressing - wax injection (mold) - dressing wax (welding wax), ash (weighing) - filling - vacuum - tube gypsum gypsum plaster, gypsum, natural solidification baking and casting molten gold - fried plaster and flushing, pickling, cleaning (weighing) - Blank (shearing rolling light). Each process is described below.I. pressing glue mouldThe adhesive used for making rubber mould is rubber sheet with adhesive on both sides. General use of imported film, Castaldo card for more. One of the price is relatively low, because fewer ingredients contained in natural rubber, vulcanized hardness is slightly larger, but the die time is short, suitable for operation in experienced mold division; another slightly higher prices, with natural rubber more fully, soft texture, full of toughness, suitable for more complex, in the pattern shape small size and obvious concave silver version of die, not easy to break in when remove the wax wax.The storage of raw films should be kept under the control of the storage temperature of 20 degrees Celsius. Generally, they can be stored for one year and stored at 0~5 degrees Celsius for 2~3 years.In addition, the utility model also has a rubber mold which is made into a series of sizes and thicknesses in advance, and the inner wall is provided with convex and concave connecting feet, and the utility model is convenient to use.The apparatus for pressing dies is a (vulcanizing) press molding machine, and its main components consist of two heating plates with internal live wire and temperature sensitive device, a thermostat, and a timer (some models do not have such a device). Die machine is also equipped with lifting screw, used for die and take out.Matched with the press die frame, according to the number of holes, it can be divided into single plate, double plate, fourplate and so on. The material for making die frame is usually aluminum alloy. The size of the general die frame is 48mm * 73mm, and sometimes the heavy die frame is used to press the larger original. The size is usually 64mm * 95mm.Glue mould seems simple, in fact, there are many details must pay attention to. Ensure the die frame and the film students must first clean, should as far as possible will die die before the box clean, wash hands and work station operator; secondly to ensure between the original and not rubber adhesion, to do this, we should give priority to the use of silver, if it should be coated with silver coated after the die, because it is easy to bond with rubber adhesion together; again is to pay attention to according to the specific circumstances to determine the proper curing temperature and time, which not only accord with a certain function, but also the complexity and rubber mold thickness, length and width, the original, usually will die the temperature is 150 degrees Celsius, if the rubber mold thickness in the 3 layer (about 10mm), the general curing time is 20~25 minutes, if it is 4 layer (about 13mm), the curing time is 30~35 minutes...... In turn, the temperature at the same time is also related to the complexity of the original: if the original is complex and small, the vulcanization temperature should be reduced,Prolong the curing time (if some master uses the method of reducing the temperature 10 degrees and prolonging the time twice), on the other hand, if the temperature is too high, it will affect the effect of the die.The quality of the die depends on the quality of the pressedtemplate. In general, students should first make the film to tightly bonding together, must ensure the film clean first, do not hand in direct contact with the surface of the film, and the film should be born stick and then torn off the protective film on the surface of film students. To ensure that there is no gap between the rubber and the original. In the landfill rubber should be careful, especially for some small flowers and stone inlay and other fine bottom side pores, must be filled with broken small particles, with sharp objects (such as forceps tip pressure). In order to avoid the rubber mold pressing too hard, rubber should be buried in landfill in the same direction.In order to ensure the film can be used in a considerable period of time, should make the rubber mold with sufficient thickness, therefore a rubber mold should use at least 3 layers of rubber press. The rubber laminated rubber mold should be good after the original overall is slightly larger than the die frame, i.e. width slightly larger (can be forced into a die box), rubber mold thickness in press die box is slightly higher than the plane frame about 2mm.The die must also pay attention to first preheating, add mould pressing has good rubber box, tighten the handle to make the heating plate pressing die box, curing early can check the heating plate is pressed, the curing time arrived quickly remove the plastic mold, the best natural cooling (of course, also can use cold water showers) that is not hot, you can serve hot with a sharp scalpel to open mode of operation of the.Two plastic mold.Plastic mold is a very high technology in jewelry factory, plastic mold because directly affects the quality of the wax and metal blank, but also directly affect the life of rubber mold. Skilled master mold out of the plastic mold, the wax injection after basically no deformation, fracture, mantle phenomenon, basically do not need to repair welding wax, wax, can save a lot of time dressing, get a higher production efficiency.Plastic mold tool used is relatively simple, and with a scalpel blade, tweezers, scissors, pliers etc.. Note that beginners must use new blades when using the scalpel so that it is not easy to scratch the finger. In the cutting process, to ensure the lubrication between the blade and the film mold, it can be dipped in water or detergent on the blade (but never oil, because the oil will make the mold hard and crisp). Rubber mold four positioning method is usually used, that is to say, out of the plastic mold has four feet of mutual agreement between the fixed legs part by linear cutting, but also the use of cutting curve. The general order of mold opening (take ring rubber mold as an example) is as follows:1) over the rubber mold cooling to a hot air, to flash cut with scissors, with pliers take Xiashuikou block, pull to shell.2) glue the mold nozzle up straight, from the side of the nozzle down the knife, along the four sides of the rubber mold center line cutting, the depth of 3~5mm (can be adjusted according to the size of the plastic mold), cut the four sides of the plastic mold.3) cut the first foot from the first lower knife. First, cut two straight edges, the depth is 3~5mm (can be adjusted according to the size of the glue mould), and then pull the straight edge which has been cut and cut a bevel along the 45 degrees to form a right triangle shape foot. At this time, the cut of the mold should be in two halves of the corresponding Yin, Yang triangle feet match each other.4) according to the previous step of the operation, cut out the remaining three feet.5) opened the first cut foot, with a blade smoothly along the midline inward cutting (if curve cutting rules should be in accordance with the curve of swing blade, a draw scaly or wavy section), while cutting side pull out rubber mold, be careful when approaching the gate line, with the tip gently open the rubber mold. A nozzle. Then one end of the outer ring along the open ring, ring and insert mouth until.6). This is a plastic mould cutting, difficult and complex steps. If the main stone is inlaid with claws,Cutting heads should be cut along the axis. On the side of two claw ring, the outer end face to the other side of the cutting head and cutting to the nozzle position, until the. The glue mold has been cut in half, but the silver plate can not be removed.7) rubber die cutting insert, a part. The interval in the main stone on both sides and the side stone mouth, cutting two clawaxis along the main outlet of stone cut, the other two jaws until symmetrical; a residual direction along the main outlet of stone cutting, cutting just intersect with the surface, so that the main stone mouth is zhilizhuang. Then cross in the main roots of the claw stone and stone inlay mouth mouth side knife, to become the two part. Open cut section, observe whether by glue wire (usually elongated hollow part side stone mouth of the pore and flower formation), if there should be cut off.8) take off the silver plate, and pay attention to observe the adhesion between the silver plate and the glue mold, if any, cut off.9) open the bottom. Close the entire circle along the inner ring of the ring so that the incision is close to the bottom. Do not cut it through. Flip the plastic mold, rubber mold with finger bending towards both sides, can be observed in the inner circumference of the incision and with mouth, head part of the incision marks (without cutting through the rest of the rubber stretch forming slightly concave shallow marks). Cut along these traces to the position of the corresponding nozzle, then cut the width of the 8~12mm width along the parallel direction of the nozzle, and the length is close to the nozzle. At this time, the bottom forms a mushroom like shape that has been able to pull the inner part of the ring out of the cut bottom. Can this rubber mold successfully remove the wax.The pressed glue mould should be examined carefully. Pay attention to the glue mold can not have any defects, such as obvious broken flowers, lack of angle, adhesion and so on. These are likely caused by the defects of wax, so should repair ofthese defects, such as incision without cutting position, welding wax welding broken flower, missing foot place etc.. In addition, for the complex structure of the original should be adjusted according to the specific circumstances of the cutting surface, such as disc insert jewelry should be stratified multilayer cutting, sometimes need to set cut sleeve core; for chain brand multi pendant, large and complex can not be opened at the end of direct slicing etc.. The storage environment of glue mold should be low temperature, dark, and avoid the influence of oil and acid. If the use is not very frequent, the mold can be used for ten years. However, if used frequently, the general use of two years will not be used, because this time the mold due to repeated injection of wax heating has been hardened, the use of greatly reduced. Coupled with the need for changes in design considerations, the general rubber die life between 2~3 years.Three. Wax injectionWhen the glue die is opened, the wax injection operation can be carried out. The operation of wax injection should pay attention to such factors as wax temperature, pressure and compression of glue mould.Making use of the wax wax is paraffin model blue, the melting temperature at 60 degrees Celsius, the wax temperature at 65 degrees celsius. There are some other colors of wax, slightly different in nature. The wax temperature and injection pressure are determined by wax injection machine. The types of wax injection machines usually have two types: air pressure type and vacuum type. The principle of wax injection of the two kindsof wax injection machines is basically similar, that is, the wax is injected into the glue mould by using air pressure. The difference between them is that the vacuum type wax injection machine can vacuum the mold first and glue the wax to the glue mould. So it is easy to control the vacuum wax injection machine, and the pneumatic wax injection machine needs some experience.The heater and temperature sensor in the wax injection machine can make wax liquid reach and maintain a certain temperature. Normally, the wax temperature in the wax injection machine should be kept between 70~75 degrees centigrade, so that the temperature can guarantee the fluidity of the wax liquid. If the temperature is too low, the liquid wax is not easy to fill the wax wax, resulting in incomplete; and the wax liquid temperature is too high, it will lead to the liquid wax from the rubber mold gap from the mouth overflow overflow or wax, easy to form flash or burn your fingers.The pressure in the wax cylinder of the wax injection machine is supplied by an external air pump, and should normally be kept at 0.5~0.7at (or kgf/cm2) is between 0.051~0.071Bar, can also be adjusted according to the size and complexity of the pattern.Before the wax injection, the rubber mold should be opened first to check the integrity and cleanliness of the mold. If the rubber mold used, should be to the rubber mold especially fine shape complex position of spray dewaxing agent (also sprinkle a little talcum powder), in order to remove the wax; secondly should preheat wax injection machine, open air pump, adjust thepressure and temperature.Wax injection should be used when the hands will splint (can be organic glass plate or wood, aluminum etc.) in plastic mold clamping, note the finger distribution should be uniform compression of rubber mold; plastic mold injection nozzle will be aligned parallel Grosbeak forward, hands firmly supported real injection wax, wax injection combined with the feet tread lightly the switch and then loosen the hands, stay 1~2 seconds after the rubber mold to place a moment, to open the mold (if the rubber mold bottom, will be the first, remove the wax out of the mold bottom). Remove the wax after careful examination, if there is serious lack of edge, feet, so the wax belongs to waste. If the number of relatively small defects, it should wax dressing.Four. Wax dressingIn general, the wax wax removed after all more or less there are some problems, such as edge, edge, multiple broken claws, visible blisters, in part or in whole structure deformation, pore obstruction, flower line is not clear, take the edge and so on. For flash, multiple edges, flower is not clear, head of edge defects can be used for surgical blade repair; trachoma, broken bones can be used for welding wax by welding; different holes can penetrate the welding needle; for wax deformation can be calibrated at 40~50 DEG C hot water.In addition, for different hand ring, if you wait until they die and then change the ring, it is time-consuming material costs. So the general production enterprises are in the repairof wax directly change the finger ring. It is very convenient to use the wax welding machine to change the finger ring. After welding, the welding seam can be repaired with a knife blade.Five kinds of ash.Wax after finishing, which need to further the operation of ash.Which is to make a good wax wax tree in a certain order, with welding wax along the circumferential direction are welded on a layered wax rod, to finally get a tree shape resembles a tree and then pouring ash ash, gypsum etc.. The basic requirements for the red ash is wax to orderly arrangement, the key is not to contact between the wax, to maintain a certain gap, but also as much as possible will be welded on the wax wax tree, that is to say, a red ash should be the highest number of species on the wax pattern, to meet the needs of mass production.A red ash must be "kind" in a circular rubber chassis. The diameter of this rubber chassis is matched with the inside diameter of the stainless steel cylinder. The general rubber chassis has a diameter of 3? Muscle?? and dispatch?? 5 a muscle got angry for sputum? And Huang Huan Lu Wei Ji Zhu Ji idiotic? Make the team the vertebral Rong mu?? the thin broken grits sigh! 爸掷?鳌钡牡谝徊剑?褪墙??敉凡空阂恍┤诨?睦?海?萌炔迦氲着痰陌伎字校?估?粲氚伎捉岷侠喂獭５诙?剑?鸩憬??：附釉诶?羯希?梢源永?舻撞靠?迹ㄓ上孪蛏希??部梢源永?敉凡靠?迹ㄓ缮舷蛳拢?Ｈ绻?爸质鳌钡募际醣冉鲜炝罚?街址椒ú僮髌鹄吹牟畋鸩淮螅坏?且话闶褂么永?敉凡靠?迹ù由舷蛳拢┑姆椒ū冉隙啵?蛭?庵址椒ǖ淖畲笥诺闶强梢苑乐谷诨?睦?旱温涞胶负玫睦?Ｉ希?芄槐苊庖蚶?旱温湓斐傻牟槐匾?姆倒ぁ?BR>The operation process of ash should pay attention to the following questions.1) generally have an angle of 45 degrees between the waterway and the ash for wax wax rod, that is to say, the wax is tilted to the direction of. Only in this way can the gold water be smoothly injected into the plaster mold. This angle can be adjusted according to the size and complexity of the wax, wax small and complex angle can be reduced; conversely, the larger angle can increase the wax.2) in ash before, should first of the rubber chassis for weighing. A red ash after another weighing. The two weighing results can be obtained by subtraction, ash weight. The ash weight according to the density ratio of paraffin wax and metal casting is converted into metal weight, we can estimate how much metal casting.3 kinds of ash) is completed, must check whether each have wax. If there is no welding, filling in plaster is easy to cause the wax off, affect the casting. Finally, should check whether there is sufficient clearance between the wax, wax to stick together, should be separated; if the ash dripping wax drops, should be used to repair the blade.Six. Plaster plaster and vacuum pumpingWill even set on the chassis with ash of stainless steel tube (Gang Ling), in the steel bell outside wrapped single tape (tape end should be high tapping along the bell around 20cm) standby.1) mixed with gypsum slurry: according to the specific volume of steel bell prepared the corresponding weight of gypsum powder and water (if not distilled water, tap water can also be), general gypsum powder and water ratio of 2~2.5:1 (the proportion of the gypsum slurry is about 2), according to the climate dry, cold, and the size of the mold and the complexity of the adjustment, the water temperature at 20~25 degrees between the more appropriate. First put the water into the mixing container, start the mixer, and then gradually put into the gypsum powder, stirring for about 10 minutes, you can carry out the first vacuum (1~2 minutes).2) filling gypsum gypsum slurry wall immediately after vacuum pumping along the steel bell slowly injected into the gypsum slurry should not be poured directly on the ash, until no gypsum slurry waxed tree about second times 1cm, vacuum immediately. Vacuum 2 minutes finished, natural place 6~12 hours, to ensure the solidification of gypsum.Seven. Baking gypsumThe roasting of plaster mold is an important process to ensure the normal casting process. In general, the baking time of the 18 karat gold mold is 6~12 hours, and the baking time of the platinum mold is 12~20 hours. The main functions of baking are dewaxing, drying and casting insulation. Take the 18 karat gold baking as an example, the dewaxing temperature is 0~350 degrees centigrade, the holding time is 2 hours, the drying temperature is 350~700 degrees, the holding time is 2~3 hours, the casting insulation temperature is 600~500 degrees, and the holding timeis 1~2 hours.The baking process is: firstly, the general resistance furnace to preheat the starting temperature, the plaster mold nozzle down into the furnace, so that the wax liquid outflow in constant temperature evaporation; starting temperature for 1 hours, then 1~2 hour intervals gradually heating / cooling and constant temperature. Pay attention to the heating (or cooling) speed should be maintained at 100~200 deg / h, otherwise the temperature rise fast crack is easy to form a plaster mold, plaster mold may result in serious damage or scrap, heating is too slow and easy to cause the lost wax or plaster mold drying is not complete, affecting the quality of castings. The roasting time of the plaster mould mainly depends on the size and complexity of the gold tree, and can be adjusted according to the specific conditions.。
