专题07 阅读理解七选五之方法策略10篇+环境保护6篇+文化4篇(模考好题20篇)一、概述七选五阅读正文部分通常是一篇完整的文章，有五个句子被挖空，正文后给出七个选项，均为完整句子，要求考生根据文章结构、内容，选出正确的句子，填入相应的空白处。
此题型拓宽了阅读理解能力考察的深度和广度，考查学生句子和语篇两个层面的阅读能力和领悟能力，以及对整个语篇的衔接手段与连贯性的洞察力。
总之，七选五的题型难度要大于传统的阅读理解题，对学生把握文章结构脉络、逻辑思维能力和语言综合运用能力，有更高的要求。
二、技巧点拨1、如果空白处在段首，则答案通常是段落主题句，做题时，应认真阅读本段内容，概括段落大意，查找同义词或其他相关的词，推断出主题句。
2、如果空白处在段中，段中的空白处多位于段落主题句之后，与上下文构成明显的逻辑关系：如常见的分述细化主题的并列关系、语义发生变化的转折关系，对上诉概念的解释说明、举例论证，这些句子起衔接上下文的作用，因此成为历年高考语篇考查的重中之重。
3、如果空白处在段尾，则答案通常是结论或概括性的语句。
空白处前的一句或两句是重点语句，重点阅读以锁定关键词。
做题时注意在选项中查找表示结果、结论、总结等的信号词如therefore, as a result, thus, hence, in short, to sum up, to conclude, in a word等词语。
如果在选项中找不出与前文之间的关联，此时可考虑与下一段开头是否有一定的衔接，即空白处起前后两段过渡作用。
模拟演练01 人与自我--方法/策略Passage 1(2024·河北沧州·一模)Thinking about adopting a healthy lifestyle? Congratulations! There are so many reasons for adopting a healthy lifestyle. Here are some tips to help you get started with your new habits.Before you begin, ask yourself some questions, what are your reasons for thinking about a healthier lifestyle?1 Your why should reflect your values and what’s important to you. Knowing your specific why will help you to not just get started, but will help keep you focused and motivated as it guides your journey.Focus on behaviors, not results. 2 But switching your focus from outcomes to the new habits you’re creating and actions you’re taking is more beneficial. It’s actually some daily health-promoting behaviors that will create change and can lead to the health outcomes you desire.3 Remember Rome wasn’t built in a day! And things like your eating habits, cooking skills, athletic abilities, and more won’t change overnight. This is also why you don’t need a long list telling you everything you need to stop doing. You just need to take the first step.Remember it’s not all or nothing. A healthy lifestyle is never all or nothing. 4 So focus on eating foods and creating habits that make you feel good.Can you do it forever? One of the most important things to ask yourself when building healthy habits is, “Can you do it for life?” Sure, you could probably stick to a diet for a short period, but can you see yourself doing that forever? 5A. Start small and take steady steps.B. Why is doing this important for you?C. Make a list of habits you want to build.D. It’s okay to desire weight loss, or any other outcomes.E. In a word, fasting is harmful and no one would like to do so.F. If not, remember: temporary methods are equal to temporary results.G. It’s about creating a healthy relationship with food and your body.Passage 2(2024·湖南·二模)Hop on the Silent Walking TrendSilent walking involves walking outdoors without distractions like music or conversations, focusing on the mind-body-nature connection. 1 That’s a slower, lower-impact way to relax and is great for fitness. Here’s everything you need to know about the trend.Select a natural setting and fully engage your senses. For reaping the mental health benefits, it is recommended to find a quiet and peaceful natural location. 2 Meanwhile, consciously observing the sights, sounds, smells, and physical sensations during the walk can significantly impact cognitive and emotional well-being.To stimulate the mind, consider exploring different routes than usual. Without your favourite podcast or playlist, you might slip into boredom on your walk. 3 And it might even be good for your brain. Scientists applaud the virtues of boredom for brain health, believing that it boosts creativity and improves social connections. And if you do get bored, rest assured that it shows you’ve disconnected from external d istractions. Go with it, and make sure you take a different route each time—it’ll keep you motivated.Start off with five-minute silent walks and eventually build up to thirty minutes. If you’re usually a headphone wearer, it will feel super weird to walk without your go-to tunes, but give yourself a second to adjust. Chances are, once you’re a few minutes into your silent walk, you’ll feel the magic kick in. 4 Regular reflection and ongoing documentation are essential. After completing a silent walk, take time to reflect upon any emerging thoughts, feelings, or insights. 5 Journaling about the experience can also solidify connections between thoughts and ideas, providing a valuable tool for self-reflection and growth.A. But being bored won’t hurt you.B. Taking different paths can lead to exciting discoveries.C. Adjusting the routine gradually can help ease into the experience.D. You’ll also start noticing the little things around you more clearly.E. They can deepen understanding and serve as a record of personal growthF. Unlike exercise-oriented walking, it isn’t about reaching certain speed or stepsG. In such an environment, you can immerse yourself in the natural soundscape(音景).Passage 3(2024·山东·三模)Time is a valuable resource, especially for those who need to deal with academic demands, personal growth, and social activities at the same time. Effective time management not only leads to increased productivity, but reduces stress. 1 . Here are some strategies to help young adults master the art of time management.Setting clear and achievable short-term and long-term goals is essential for youth. 2 They’ll also distribute time accordingly. Whether it’s studying for exams or pursuing personal interests, having well-defined goals provides a sense of direction. Meanwhile, importance levels of tasks can vary. By focusing on key tasks and minimizing time spent on unimportant ones, young adults can perfect their time management.3 It makes efficient use of their time. Whether using a planner or a calendar app scheduling specific blocks of time for different activities, including study time, exercise, socializing, can lead to better time use.Furthermore, learning to say no is a valuable skill for youth. With numerous opportunities and interests, it’s easy to become overwhelmed. By being selective about commitments, young adults can arrange their time and energy wisely. Saying no to non-essential activities frees up time for important tasks. 4 .In the pursuit of personal success, young adults often find themselves caught up in a series of responsibilities and commitments. However, it’s essential for them to recognize that life shouldn’t be like this. Self-care plays a vital role in time management. 5 By ensuring they maintain a healthy work-life balance, young adults can recharge their energy levels, improve focus, and increase productivity. That way, they perfect time usage and pave the way for success.A. That actually prevents over-commitment.B. One should constantly review how time is spent.C. It creates opportunities for personal development as well.D. Developing a daily schedule helps young adults stay organized.E. Putting things off constantly is a common time management project.F. By knowing what they want to accomplish, they can prioritize their tasks.G. Youth should value adequate rest and activities that promote their well-being.Passage 4(2024·江苏·二模)If you are trying to assess a person’s character, make sure you do not rely too heavily on factors that can be misleading. Instead, observe the individual’s ability to tell the truth and to commit. 1 You can tell a l ot about a person’s character by observing how he treats other people. 2 It may be difficult to determine how he treats different types of people if you only encounter him in a single environment, such as the workplace. It is often possible, however, to get some idea of his manner of interaction with different types of people through conversation with him.Whether or not a person is honest says a lot about his character. The attitude a person has about honesty can also indicate what type of person he is. 3 To some degree the types of lies he may tell and his motives for doing so matter.4 The word “commitment” often causes people to instantly think of close relationships. Whether a person can respect the vows(誓约) and agreements is usually an indication of character.A person’s character is affected by his attitude. 5 Attitude can affect many aspects of a person’s life,including how hard he works and his ability to be supportive of others.When you are trying to assess someone’s charac ter, remember that it consists of qualities and habits that form his identity.A. More importantly, it’s necessary to continue his inner struggle.B. The level of commitment indicates the type of character he has.C. There are many other things in life that may require commitment.D. This includes both people he knows and people he does not know.E. Also, pay attention to his attitude and try to distinguish how it impacts his life.F. Observe the person’s conversations and try to determine how often he tell s lies.G. Some people generally have a negative outlook while others may try to be positive even in difficult situations. Passage 5(2024·浙江金华·二模)Have you ever wondered why you want to do something, or what causes people to go through extraordinary pain or personal investment just to achieve a particular outcome? 1 Motivation.Motivation is the reason for people’s actions, goals, and willing ness to pursue the goals. Sometimes it seems difficult to find, but we all have that spark at our core. Here are some ways you can turn that spark back into a flame.2 If your motivation is fading, notice when this starts to happen and what events could have driven it. You’ll find that you’re more likely to feel bored when you’re in certain environments. As you become more aware of this, you can put yourself in situations where you’re more likely to thrive.Keep a thankfulness journal. 3 Whe n they’re aware of what they’re thankful for, it drives them in specific areas of their lives. Considering this, you may find value in keeping a thankfulness journal where you regularly list blessings.Design an accomplishment book. Creative people may do well to design an accomplishment book with images of past work and accomplishments as a form of encouragement. It can be as informal or formal as you’d like. It might be a simple scrapbook you keep at your desk, or a professionally printed booklet that you keep by your bed. 4Get out of the house. If your life consists of going to work, coming home, watching Netflix, and going to sleep, you shouldn’t be surprised that you’re unmotivated. 5 Stretching yourself will expose you to new ideas, activities, and people, which will either strike up new motivation or rekindle things you have forgotten about.A. What’s the possible solution?B. Identify when motivation slips.C. What’s at the heart of this issue?D. Decide what works best for you and give it a try.E. A thankfulness journal is a perfect way to show your gratitude to others.F. Some people find that thankfulness and motivation are directly connected.G. Make it a point to go outdoors and try new things even when you don’t want to.Passage 6(2024·江苏·模拟预测)When we are faced with a crisis, or if we have an important decision to make, many of us fall into the trap of over-thinking. We may keep thinking about something constantly and too long. 1How can we stop ourselves from over-thinking?Doing something to distract yourself is a good idea. You can find working with your hands is especially good.2 Your brain simply doesn’t have the resources to split itself into a third activity, for example over-thinking.3 Studies have shown that when someone views something in excitement and anxiety, the brain is forced to become stuck in the present because all of your senses are completely engaged. You do not have time to focus on something different, which can cause over-thinking.Constant wishing, hoping and praying do not give you any relief. They just keep you stuck in one place. But taking the smallest step off the crisis really matters. It will set things in motion, making you like a snowball. 4 The traps are things that cause your natural ability to react without you realizing that there is a connection between the two. Thus, avoiding relevant traps is also a good idea. 5 For example, if one of your colleagues is so negative that she always drags you down, stop hanging out with her by having lunch alone at a nearby restaurant.A. This mindset tends to ruin our day.B. Put simply, out of sight, out of mind.C. Just as a saying goes, once bitten, twice shy.D. You are really getting your brain working for you.E. Other activities are the ones that arouse your curiosity.F. It engages your movement skills and thinking process.G. Thus, you will gradually move yourself out of the feeling.Passage 7(2024江苏镇江高三下·阶段练习)Winter can cause damage to your skin, and it can feel like there’s no escape.1 Happily, there are many ways to deal with dry skin and keep yourself comfortable.• Use a humidifier(加湿器) to increase humidity.In the cooler winter months, a humidifier in your home or office will restore moisture to the air, helping to keep your skin hydrated(含水的).Run a humidifier in your entire home or in rooms you spend the most time in, and aim to keep indoor humidity levels between 30 and 50 percent. 2 If you’re unsure of your home’s humidity levels,you can buy a humidity meter.•Keep thermostat(恒温器) temperatures cool and comfortable.If you’re looking to escape dry, cold outdoor air, you are likely to turn on the heat as soon as you get home.3 Try a cool yet comfortable setting to prevent your skin from drying further-the American Osteopathic College of Dermatology recommends 68 to 75 degrees F.• 4Long, steamy showers may sound like a great idea when it’s cold, but very hot water can dry out the skin. A 5-to 10-minute warm shower is less likely to worsen dry skin than a hot one.You should also avoid using excessively hot water to wash your hands. Dry skin from exposure to hot water or cool winter air can cause an eczema(湿疹). 5If you still experience dryness, discomfort, and redness after trying these healthy skin tips, experts suggest using an over-the-counter I percent hydrocortisone cream or talking with your doctor.A. Firstly, apply hand cream after each washing.B. It’s quite unusual to find your skin red and dry in winter.C. One option is to turn it on overnight while you’re sleeping.D. Lower water temperatures for showering and hand-washing.E. But high central heat can make the air in your house even drier.F. Cooler water seems to be as effective and is more friendly to the skin.G. Even the things that make winter wonderful, such as sitting by a roaring fire, can dry your skin.Passage 8(2024·河北沧州·一模)Even the most positive people have negative thoughts. It’s part o f being human. But when negative thoughts become the norm, it isn’t healthy. Fortunately, there are steps you can take to change your negative thoughts into realistic thinking — seeing yourself, your relationships and world events as they really are.Monitor your self-talk. We all have an ongoing dialogue running in our head, which affects how we view our life. 1 So, to promote realistic thinking, first you need to find out and listen to that inner voice. Being aware of those inner comments starts to help you take control of them.2 Not every negative thought is “bad”. For example, “I feel stressed and upset about my job because there are so many new things I am learning, but overtime I’ll learn and it’ll get easier.” has a negative aspect, but it promotes a positive action. Therefor e, it’s important to make the distinction between helpful thoughts and negative ones.Challenge your unhelpful thoughts. 3 Continuing with the work example, do you really hate your job or are you just anxious about the new project that you’ve been a ssigned?4 Now that you’re clear which thought is not helpful, you can replace it with one that is. Using the example from above, a more positive thought might be, “Once I get started on the new project I’m sure I’ll do fine. It’s just the anticipation that I don’t like.”Repeat. Realistic thinking doesn’t come easy, especially when you are also working on managing anxiety, depression, and other problems. 5A. Identify thoughts that aren’t helpful.B. Plant positive thoughts in your mind.C. Analyse what self-talk is the most beneficial.D. But because it’s constantly running, we often forget it’s there.E. These thoughts can consume your energy or cause physical problems.F. To be more realistic, you need to question whether your thoughts are factual.G. You need to continually return to it even when it feels natural to become negative.Passage 9(2024·江苏连云港·二模)Discovering Your True Self Is Vital to Happiness!Have you found focusing on yourself is at the bottom of the to-do list, because you feel everyone else in your life comes first? 1 Now is exactly the perfect time to get to know yourself in order to understand yourself.This isn’t just about identifying your favorite outfit, haircut or flavor of ice cream. 2 It’s an opportunity for personal growth that can help you make better choices for your wellbeing and lifelong happiness.There are many tools to help you develop a deeper sense of yourself, including journaling and other forms of creative expression. You can use a guided journal to explore your thoughts and feelings or just free write whatever comes to mind. It’s up to you what you want to do. 3 .4 Take note of how you respond to people, what makes you happy, and what makes you unhappy. This can help you identify patterns that are holding you back, such as feeling insecure or being easily angered. Once you’ve identified these patterns, you can work to change them.An often overlooked yet very important factor in self-discovery is having healthy boundaries in your personal life. 5 Clearly communicating your boundaries is also a way to show others that you are in control of your own behavior and can expect the same from them. This is a sign of maturity and respect, two characteristics that are key to having healthy relationships.A. It’s one thing to know your personality type.B. It’s a great way to show that you care about others.C. Taking time for ourselves has been looked down upon.D. Another way is to observe your behavior in different situations.E. It allows you to focus on the needs of yourself without ignoring others.F. But try not to get caught up in the criticism or judgment of your writing.G. It’s about understanding your inner world and how you fit into the outer world.Passage 10(2024·江苏南通·模拟预测)Psychologists offer their best tips for working or making progress as planned, expected, or desired. Here is their guide to making and keeping your plans.Don’t assume that your plan has to be ambitious. “What’s much more important than setting a grand goal, like running a marathon, is to set an immediate plan that you can start right away,” says Charles Duhigg, the author of The Power of Habit. “ 1 But many people fail to realize this.”Whether you are making a new habit from scratch or changing an old habit, decide on the cue and the reward. “The cue could be a time, a place, or a feeling, while the reward must be instantaneous(即时的),” explains Wendy Wood, an expert from the University of Southern California. 2 The prize needs to be immediate, something that makes the behavior fun.Make it easy. A recent study showed that people who travelled 8 km to the gym went once a month, but people who travelled 6 km went five or more times a month. That 2 km makes the difference between having a good exercise habit and not. 3 Thus, you’re more likely to achieve more.Be less critical of yourself. According to an expert, the biggest barrier to new habits is self-criticism. 4 Research shows that you should be kind or supportive to yourself.5 Gretchen Rubin, the author of Better Than Before, says it is crucial to avoid listening to the excuses that make your habits falter(动摇), for example, “I can’t go on a run tomorrow because I have to do another thing.” Recognizing them in advance can make them less powerful. That’s the thing about excuses when you realize you’re doing it, you’re much more likely to resist.A. Spot your excuses.B. People who do this tend to be rewarded.C. Try to remove the barriers as best as you can.D. D on’t buy a new pair of shoes at the end of the week.E. It is related with less motivation and worse self-control.F. That is how your habitual mind works and it has to be easy.G. Start with baby steps like running half a mile every Monday morning02 人与自然--环境保护Passage 1(2024·江苏宿迁·一模)Once upon a time, sewing and mending clothes was common. 1 Why have people stopped mending their clothing? Schools stopped offering home economics classes, technology boomed and fast fashion became increasingly popular. All of a sudden, it’s more inconvenient to fix something than it is to buy something new.2 In the past few years, it seems there’s been growing interest in slow fashion—not only saving, but also sewing and mending. On one of the most pleasant corne rs of the internet, you’ll find lots of videos showcasing everything from visible mending to beginner sewing journeys.Why should you learn to mend? 3 As any eco expert will tell you, the best thing you can do is buy less to begin with. That means shopping for quality items that will stand the test of time, but also learning a few key skills so you can repair those items as needed rather than sentencing them to life in an already-overflowing landfill. It’s also helpful to customize(改制) secondhand items which might not be exactly the right size or a little out of date. 4Beyond the functional benefits, mending is about using what you have, embracing imperfections, fixing what’s broken, and rejecting the idea that new er is better. The other aspect of mending is mindfulness. 5 It’s meditative(冥想的), slow work. It’s productive, and deeply satisfying. And an added bonus: It’s sustainable.If you are interested in sewing and mending, it is the perfect time to learn the new skill. which can especially have a positive impact on the world.A. But all hope is not lost.B. Because it is a means of making a living.C. Mending is a great way to reject consumerism.D. Buying secondhand goods makes it possible to be sustainable.E. This way, you may find yourself upcycling pieces into ones that suit you.F. At some point in the last few decades, though, it became something of a lost art.G. You focus on the task at hand and use your creativity to make your clothes unique.Passage 2(2024江苏扬州高三上·期末)In the forest of New Mexico, scientists are carrying two ten-day-old Mexican wolf pups(幼崽) riding in a backpack, searching for a Mexican wolf pair that has just given birth to six pups. 1 Mexican wolves were extinct in the USA by the 1970s, but there was a plan to bring them back. The first step was to trap five wild Mexican wolves and breed them with two caged ones. In 1998, the first caged-born adult Mexican wolves were released into forests. 2 If animals have to pair up with family members, then their pups will have unhealthy genes, making them sick.3 Let wild wolves adopt caged-born pups-that’s how these two pups end up in backpacks. While the adult wolves are out hunting, the scientists gently place the pups with their new brothers and sisters. They rubthe caged-born and wild pups together, ever letting them pee(小便) on each other to mix their smells! 4 This result makes the scientists optimistic about the plan.The idea is that the caged pups will grow up and breed with wild wolves. 5 Thanks to this ongoing work, 250 wild Mexican wolves wander Arizona and New Mexico today.A. The scientists were content with it.B. So the experts came up with a new plan.C. The wolf parents only care for their own pups.D. In this way their healthy genes will be passed down.E. The population slowly grew, but scientists were still worried.F. After that, the wolf parents won’t mind taking care of the new pups.G. The wolf mum and dad don’t know it, but they’re about to adopt two more!Passage 3(2024山东济宁高三上·期末)Leave-No-Trace CampingFor those of us who love spending time in the great outdoors, wild spaces are very special. These are places we visit to recharge, or to fill our hearts with natural beauty. 1 If you feel this way, then you’re the perfect person to promote and practice Leave-No-Trace camping.Its principles are to treat the wilderness the way a decent visitor would and leave everything just as you found it, with no evidence that you passed through. 2 That’s because your visit makes a minimal impact on the environment.You can carry out these ideals in a number of ways. Begin by packing out all your litter. Whenever you go camping, take an empty trash bag with you and put all garbage into the bag. In addition, try not to damage vegetation. 3 Wherever you go, think about what your heavy shoes or boots are doing to the plants underneath and try to keep damage to a minimum.It’s also important that you should not take things away from the wilderness. Rocks, plants, flowers and seashells are all part of the natural landscape. 4 Plus, many animals find homes and food in abandoned shells and flower-heads, and these are things they would miss if you collected them.Leave-No-Trace camping is about being respectful and thoughtful. It’s about honoring the natural world and the creatures that live in it. If you love seeing an untouched mountain stream or a lovely field of wildflowers, then you’ve already taken the first step. 5A. This means not stepping into a wild animal’s space.B. This is also called “low impact” or “no impact” camping.C. Once ta ken away, they won’t be there for others to enjoy.D. An increasing number of people take up camping in the wilderness.E. When you put up your tent, try to find a place that’s already bare of plants.F. We hate to see them littered with rubbish or any reminders of previous visitors.G. Follow these basic practices and you can be models of the Leave-No-Trace philosophy.Passage 4(2024·江苏扬州高三上阶段练习)The current population of oysters(牡蛎) is only a small part of their historiclevels. 1 . To help maintain existing habitats, the state requires licenses for the harvesting of shellfish and controls where and when the harvesting activity can take place. South Carolina’s Department of Natural Resources has also planned to recycle and replant oyster shells.2 . They serve as anchors to which babies can attach themselves. Returning shells to the state’s rivers ensures that any larvae(幼虫) looking for a home can find something to which they can be attached.The critical nature of oysters in the ecosystem is difficult to overstate. Along the Atlantic shoreline of the United States, the Eastern Oyster is considered a foundation species. Oysters gather together as part of their natural life cycle, forming reefs that provide the habitat for fish, crabs, and other small ocean creatures. 38 .In addition to being the bedrock of many underwater communities, oysters also help maintain the cleanliness of South Carolina’s coastal waters. Dirty water comes in from the ocean and gets filtered by oysters. Water goes back out cleanly. 4 . Tourists want to go to beautiful and clean beaches, come out on boat trips, and see dolphins.South Carolina is working hard to rebuild coastal reefs that will support and sustain future oyster populations. It’s worth keeping in mind that every shell removed from the river could be the base for the next year’s new oysters.5 , it’s going to be a long time before we get enough recruitment (增长) in the oyster population to keep it sustainable.A. Once we lose that natural shell baseB. These little tiny fish need somewhere to hideC. Because it is important to recycle the oyster shellsD. Even the local tourism industry relies on this effect of oystersE. The best place to settle is going to be where there are adult oystersF. South Carolina is actively working to restore and sustain its wild oystersG. Oyster shells, both live and dead, provide the main habitat for the next generationPassage 5(2024·江苏无锡·一模)A Plastic Ocean is a film to make you think. Think, and then act. We need to take action on our dependence on plastic. We’ve been producing plastic in huge quantities. Drinking bottles, shopping bags and even clothes are made with plastic. 1 What happens to all the rest? This is the question the film A Plastic Ocean answers.The film begins as a journey to film the largest animal on the planet, the blue whale. But during the journey the filmmakers make the shocking discovery of a huge, thick layer of plastic floating in the Indian Ocean. 2 In total, they visited 20 locations around the world during the four years to make the film.In the film there are beautiful shots of the seas and marine life. 3 We see how marine species are being killed by all the plastic we are dumping in the ocean. The message about our use of plastic is painfully obvious.4 In the second half, the filmmakers look at what we can do to deal with the problem.They present short-term and long-term solutions. These include avoiding plastic containers and recycling as much as you can. The filmmakers also stress the need for governments to work more on recycling programmes.We make a shocking amount of plastic. Over 300 million tons of plastic are produced every year, and at least 8 mil lion of those are dumped into the oceans. The results are disastrous, but it isn’t too late to change. 5。
