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关系代词
1.who指人,作主语或宾语(作宾语可省略） The man( who) I talked with is our teacher. A person who steals things is called a thief.
2.whom指人,作宾语 (作宾语可省略,如 介词提前则不能省) The man (whom/who) I talked to is Mr. Li.
The boy who is clever is Tom
The boy is Tom. The boy is smiling.
The boy who is smiling is Tom.
(主语)
The boy is Tom. The boy has a round faTceh.e boy who has a round face is Tom.
❖ 然后，要确定关系词在从句中的成分。请看下表
先行词 人 物
主格
宾格
所有格
who,that who(m),that whose
which,that which,that whose,of which
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最后，定语从句谓语动词和先行词一致. 注:定语从句的时态不受主句的限制。 The woman who/that spoke at the meeting yesterday is my mother.
➢概念:在复合句中修饰名词或代词 的句子.
Mary is a beautiful girl.
形容词作定语
Mary is a girl who has long hair.
句子作定语,修饰girl, 叫做定语从句
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Mary is a girl. Mary has long hair.
合并为一个句子
The man to whom I talked is Mr. Li.
✓whose 作定语从句的定语.
I know the girl whose mother is a teacher.
分解
I know the girl.
The girl’s mother is a teacher.
作定语
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关系代词
3.whose 是代词的所有格形式, 它既可以 代人也可以代物。
I saw a woman . Her bag was stolen . I saw a woman whose bag was stolen.
The Attributive Clause
定语从句
合并句子:
1.The man is a worker. 2.The man is speaking at the meeting.
The man who is speaking at the meeting is a worker.
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(Attributive clause)
3. 同时连接先行词与它引导的定语从句。 （把 主句和从句连起来）
❖ 关系代词在定语从句中代替主句中的先行 词，所以它在一般情况下都跟在先行词之 后，而且它的 人称、数必须和先行词一致。
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关系词判 断 步 骤 :
❖ 首先，要看先行词。 如果先行词是指人,关系代词 可用 who,that,whom,whose。如果先行词指物,关系 代词可用which或that;
These are the trees which were planted last year.
✓当先行词是人时, 用who, whom, whose, that引导.
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Байду номын сангаас
➢who, whom, whose, that用法区别.
✓who 作定语从句的主语或宾语.
The man who is speaking at the meeting is a worker.
Mary is a girl who has long hair.
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Mary is a girl who has long hair.
先行词 关系词 定语从句
关系代词
关系副词
which, who, whom, whose, that
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Where, when
➢关系词作用
1.代替先行词;
2.
２．它还在定语从句中担任一定的成分;
The man is a worker. 分解
The man is speaking at the meeting.
作主语
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the tall
the strong
boy
the clever
The boy is Tom.
The boy who is tall is Tom.
The boy who is strong is Tom
(主句)The woman is my mother. (叙述客观事实 用一般现在时)
(从句)The woman (who/that) spoke at the meeting yesterday.
(句中yesterday表示过去时间)
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➢ 定语从句的用法:
✓当先行词是物时, 用which 或that引导.
The woman (whom) we saw on the street got the job.
The teacher will give us a talk. We met the teacher yesterday. The teacher (whom) we met yesterday will give us a talk.
分解 The woman is a teacher. They wanted to visit the woman.
作宾语
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The man is kind. Everyone likes him.
The man (whom) everyone likes is kind.
(宾语)
The woman got the job. We saw her on the street.
The boy is Tom. He sits in front of me. The boy who sits in front of me is Tom.
✓Whom 作定语从句的宾语,在口 语和非正式文体中常用who代替， 可以省略.
The woman whom/who they wanted to visit is a teacher.
