Lesson 1 Brief Introduction of Translation Standard in China and Abroad

个字影响的。
➢ 严复对“信达雅”的关系的论述：“译事三难：信、 达、雅。求其信，已大难矣。顾信矣不达，虽译犹不 译也，则达尚焉。”“言之无文，行之不 远。”“信达而外，求其尔雅。”也就是说翻译应 求其信，但如不达，那等于没译，所以在信之外还 得求“达”，而所谓“尔雅”，就是要讲究“文采”， 以期“行远”（流传）。
• The Ball no question makes of Ayes and Noes,
• But Here or There as strikes the Player goes;
• And He that toss’d you down into the Field, • He knows about it all --- He knows --- He knows!
• 盖以人生受造，同得创造者之一定之理， 己不得弃，人不得夺，乃自然而然，以保 生命及自主、自立者也。（《自卫主治之 示》）
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• 《大美国史略》 （1899， Myron C. Wilcox 蔚利高、黄乃裳）
• 夫人皆受造而成，故同具有造之者之定理。 其理己不能弃，人不能夺，自然而然，用 以保其生命，而自主强立于天地之间。 （《美脱英轭为自主之布告》）
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• 皮球啊也只有惟命是从， • 一任那打球者到处抛弄； • 就是“他”把你抛到地来， • 一切的原由只有他懂 — 他懂
（郭沫若译）
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• 眼看乾坤一局棋， • 满秤黑白子离离。 • 铿然一子成何劫， • 惟有苍苍妙手知。
（黄克孙译）
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Eugene Nida
➢Nida 对 翻 译 标 准 的 典 型 表 述 是 ： To translate is to produce “the closest natural equivalent of the source language message.”

3. English advantages
• • • •
nouns, esp. abstract nouns passive voice prep., adj., and others logic
• 12. Part of his good mood was an awareness of the approach of a new season, and part that he had thought it over and
Short & long sentences
• 在五种基本句型中，在有名词出现的地方一般可以扩展成 名词从句﹑ 动词不定式短语﹑ 动名词短语等 。 • 7：他跟谁都不招呼一声就走了，真是奇怪。 • 译：It’s very funny his going without saying goodbye to anyone. • 8：报告取消了，我们都感到很遗憾。 • 译：We all thought it a pity that the report had been cancelled.
• • • •
《中国翻译》（2013年第1期：韩素音翻译竞赛） 译言网 中国翻译协会网站 Language Tips
3. 胎又瘪了。 译：We’ve got another flat tire. cf: The tire turns flat again. 4.人不可貌相，海水不可斗量。 译1：It is impossible to judge people from their appearance, and impossible to measure the ocean by pints. (杨宪益、戴乃迭译) • 译2：We can’t judge people from their appearance, just as we can’t measure the ocean by pints. • • • • •

Some Key Concepts of Gadamer’s Philosophical Hermeneutics

1. The Historicality of Understanding and Pre-understanding

According to Gadamer (1999: 249-252), pre-understanding belongs to historical reality and is produced by tradition. We were born and brought up in tradition which is a mode of thought or behavior engraved in us. Tradition influences us and vice versa. But our own relatively stable surroundings and accumulated experience make us insensitive or even blind to situations. In the case of translators, they live in their particular historical period. They may belong to different social systems and cultural systems, and differ in life experience, language competence, writing style and so on. Namely, all kinds of factors, objective and subjective, have already “stand there” and are bound to contribute to the different understanding and interpretation of the text.

第一单元口译理解第一课听取信息I. Theory and Technique: Receiving InformationII. Technique Training1.1 三种错误的饭后习惯1.2 Why do we have eyebrows?III. Interpreting Exercise1.3 US Vice President’s speech at Fudan University1.4 王光亚在普林斯顿大学演讲的开场白1.5 Speech at inauguration of new facilityIV. Interpretation-related culture: etiquetteV. Everyday Accumulation: ClichéPart one. Receiving InformationA. Difference between normal listening comprehension practice and the listening comprehension in interpretationThe most basic difference is that in the normal listening comprehension practice, a listener is only asked to understand what he hears and make judgment, while in the interpreting environment, an interpreter is asked not only to understand but also to make logical analysis of what he hears and reorganize the information with his own words and express it through interpretation.口译时译员要兼做编辑。