2020年精编外研版英语资料
[语法初识]
[语法剖析]
1．用作实义动词
(1) 有人称和数的变化，其第三人称单数形式为needs，变为否定句或疑问句时要用助动词do/does/did。
(2)后跟名词、代词、不定式或动名词作宾语，当need的主语与need后面的动词之间是被动关系时，need后面接不定式的被动形式或动名词的主动形式。
You don't need to worry about me.
你不必担心我。
The room needs cleaning/to be cleaned, but I only have time on Sunday.
房间需要打扫，但是我只有星期天有空。
2．用作情态动词
(1)need表示“需要”或“必须”，通常用于否定句和疑问句。
You needn't do it again.
你不必再做了。
Need he do his homework first?
他需要先做作业吗？
(2)由must引起的一般疑问句中，否定答语可用needn't, 意为“没必要”。
—Must I do the work now?
—No, you needn't.
——我现在必须做这项工作吗？
——不，你不必。
(3)在need引起的一般疑问句中，肯定回答用must，否定回答用needn't。
—Need I go there too?
—Yes, you must./No, you needn't.
——我也需要去那儿吗？
——是的，你必须去。/不，你不必去。
集中演练1
1－1.单句改错
①—I'm sorry I will be very busy tomorrow.
—If so, you didn't need to come.didn't need to→needn't
②As a result of the serious flood, two thirds of the buildings in the area need repair.repair→repairing/to be repaired
③—Must I hand in the paper before Friday?
—No, you mustn't.mustn't→needn't
④I couldn't use a clock to wake me up every morning because I am always woken up by my mother.
couldn't→needn't
1－2.完成句子
⑤Dr. Smith needed (需要) no payment for his work.
⑥We need to (需要) make sure our plan will be well carried out.
⑦—Must I answer the question?
—No, you needn't (不必)．
⑧You don't need to (不需要) have the bike repaired right away.
⑨The flowers need watering/to be watered (需要浇水) now.
⑩Come on, you needn't worry about (不必担心) it because it's not your fault.
1.didn't need to do表示“过去没必要做某事，实际上也没做”。
You didn't need to buy the book; it was complex to understand.
你不必买那本书；它太复杂了，很难懂。
Mary's boyfriend drove to pick her up, so she didn't need to take a taxi.
玛丽的男朋友开车去接她，因此她没必要打出租车了。
2．needn't have done表示“过去没必要做某事，而实际上做了”。
You needn't have washed those clothes; we have a washing machine to do that sort of thing. 你本不必洗那些衣服的，我们有台洗衣机可以洗衣服。
I needn't have cooked so much food, but I didn't know nobody was hungry.
我本没必要弄那么多吃的，但我当时不知道谁也不饿。
[名师点津] didn't need to do sth.仅仅陈述过去的情形；needn't have done sth.含有惋惜、遗憾、后悔等含义。
集中演练2
2－1.单句改错
①I got up early this morning, but I didn't need to do so, because I had no classes. didn't need to do→needn't have done
②I'll look after him tonight, so you needn't have come to the hospital.去掉have
③We had already booked a table in the restaurant, so we don't need to wait in line.don't →didn't
④I got to the meeting room at 10：00 am, but there was no one there, so I couldn't have arrived so early.couldn't→needn't
⑤I bought some apples but later I found there had been many in the fridge, so I needn't buy any.buy→have bought
2－2.完成句子
⑥My friend sent me the book, so I didn't need to (没必要) write to him to ask for it.
⑦I dressed very warmly for the trip, but I needn't have done (本没有必要做) so because it was very hot.
⑧I needn't have written (本不必写信) to him because he phoned me shortly afterwards.
⑨I didn't need to get up (不必起床) early this morning, so I stayed in bed until 10：
00
am.
[链接高考]
完成句子
1．(2015·天津高考)来新学校前我本没有必要担心的，因为这里的同学都对我很友好。
I needn't have worried before I came to the new school, for my classmates here are very friendly to me.
