if引导的条件状语从句

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【同步教育信息】

一. 本周教学内容:

Module 4 New Technology

二. 重点内容:

If 引导的条件状语从句

三. 具体内容:

(一)语法知识

If引导条件状语从句。

在含有条件状语从句的主从复合句中,当主句谓语动词以某种形式表示将来时间概念时,条件状语从句中的谓语动词通常要用一般现在时代替一般将来时。

此句中主句为用祈使句表将来,if引导的状语从句用一般现在时。

If you see him , give him this letter .

如果你见到他的话,把这封信给他。

(二)知识拓展:

引导条件状语从句最常用的连词是if,由if引导的条件状语从句表示在某种条件下某事很可能发生。如:

If you ask him,he will help you .

如果你请他帮忙,他会帮你的。

If you fail in the exam , you will let him down .

如果你考试不及格,你会让他失望的。

另外,if从句还表示不可实现的条件或根本不可能存在的条件,也就是一种虚拟的条件或假设,从句多用一般过去时或过去完成时。如:

If I were you , I would invite him to the party .

如果我是你,我会邀请他参加聚会。

I would have arrived much earlier if I had not been caught in the traffic .

如果没有堵车,我会到的早一点儿。

四. 课文知识点详解

1. He lent me his CD recorder.

他把他的CD机借给了我。

lend将某物借给某人

(1)主语+lend+人+物

I lent a friend a pen .

(2)主语+lend+物+to+人

I lent money to a friend .

borrow 向某人借某物 主语+borrow+物+from+人

I borrowed a book from my teacher .

2. If you want to send your recording by email , connect the recorder to your computer .

如果你想通过电子邮件的方式发送你的录音,你要把录音连接到电脑上。 want的用法;

want 表示“想要”

① want+名词“想要某物”

② want to do sth …“想要干某事”

③ want sb. to do sth. “想要某人干某事”

例如:

I want a bottle of juice.

She wants to go to a movie.

I want you to go with me.

3. If you want to choose another program, press the key.

如果你想选择另一个节目,按这个键。

another表示泛指,又一,再一,另一,强调的是单数,跟单数名词连用。

例如:Can you give me another one?

(一)知识拓展:

other,another,others的辨析:

other其它的,泛指,other+复数名词,指其他的人或物

others表示泛指,相当于other+复数名词,指其他的人或物/其他的,另外的人或者事,它一般跟some连用。

the other表示特指,有限定的范围,与单数名词连用,指两者中的另一个。

例如:Hold the bottle and pull the cork out with the other hand(握住瓶子,另一只手把瓶塞拔开);

the others表示特指,相当于the other+名词复数,指其余的,剩下的(人或者事)

例如:

The other students in my class are from Italy . = The others in my class are from Italy.

我们班其余的同学都是意大利人。

one … the other 一共两个,一个……另一个……

some … others一些……其余……

one … another不只是两个,一般指两个事物以上的一个……另一个……

4. I threw it across the kitchen , and it landed in the fridge .

我沿着厨房向外扔,它落进了冰箱里。

across、over、through

在英语考题中,经常出现单词“across”,“over”和“through”,它们都有“穿过”的意思,但其用法有如下区别:

“across”介词,意为“横过”,常指从这边到另一边,即:“from this side to the other”,图形好像“十”字。

例如:

They often go to school across the street .

“over”既可用作介词又可用作副词,意为“越过、翻越过去”。

例如:

After they climbed over the hill , they found many flowers in the fields .

“through”介词,意为“从中间穿过”。

例如:The deer is going through the forest .

5. Doctors couldn’t say what was wrong because they didn’t know what kind of snake it was .

医生们因为不知道那是哪一种类的蛇而不能说出他到底有什么病。 What was wrong 与 What kind of snake it was均为what引导的宾语从句。宾语从句中,语序为陈述语序。

6. If the snake doesn’t smile for its photo , don’t worry !

不要担心给蛇拍照时它没有笑。

if引导的条件句,当主句谓语动词以某种形式表示将来时间概念时,条件状语从句中的谓语动词通常要用一般现在时代替一般将来时。否定情况亦符合。

7. What kind of food do you advise people to eat because it’s good for them?

你建议人们吃哪些对人体有益的食品?

advise sb. to do sth建议某人做某事,不定式作补语。advise等一些动词后面接不定式作补语。

8. When l got home , I found out that the plant was very dangerous .

我到家时才发现这株植物非常危险。

find out 表示“找出原因、查明真相”等意思,常接宾语或宾语从句。

例如:

I have found out that they had settled the problem .

知识拓展:

find,find out,look for

find强调“找”的结果,即“找”到还是没“找”到。如:

I look for my book everywhere,but I can’t find it . 我到处找我的书,但没找到。

find out表示“查出,努力查找”。往往是指通过努力去查明事情的真相或查找答案等。

如:

The teacher tries to find out who is not in the classroom . 老师试着查出谁没在教室。

look for强调“找”的动作和过程。如:

I’m looking for my book. 我正在找我的书。

【模拟试题】

一. 单项选择:

1. You can take a photo ______ your mobile phone.

A. for B. in C. with D. by

2. This is the surprising ________ of a British cook.

A. a advice B. an advice C. advice D. advices

3. The snake bit him ________ the hand.

A. by B. on C. in D. from

4. She asked me______ we should have a party there.

A. if B. that C. where D. /

5. If I have time I _______.

A. come B. came C. to come D will come

6. My handkerchief fell on the ground, could you please _________?

A. pick up it B. pick it up C. put it on D. put on it

7. She began _______ English at the age of eighteen.

A. knew B. know C. known D. to know

8. Doctors couldn’t say what was wrong _____ they didn’t know what kind of snake it was.

A. so B. because C. or D. but

9. The hot water ______ again, I began to take a bath.