英语四六级翻译

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一确立句子主干

1.1 定语译为主语

⑴茶的品种不同,制法也不同。

Tea differs in type and method of production.

1.2 (谓语)动词译为主语

(2)必须特别强调我国某些城市环境污染的严重性。

Special emphasis must be placed on the gravity of environmental pollution in some big cities of China.

1.3 表语译作主语

(3)最能代表中国功夫的是太极拳。

Tai Chi is the best representative of Kung fu.

1.4 宾语译作主语

(4)用塑料可以制成各种各样的生活必需品。

All sorts of necessaries of life can be made of plastics.

1.5 添加主语

(5)当前世界上主要有两个问题,一个是和平问题,一个是发展问题。

In today’s world, there are two major issues: one is peace and the other is development.

1.6谓语动词的确立(请自己看)

二、汉语无主句的翻译

1把无主句译为被动句

2. 添补主语

3. 译为存在句或it be… to do sth

(6)必须在中国社会发扬孝顺父母的美德。

It is necessary to promote the virtue of filial piety in Chinese society.

Or : There is a necessity for promoting the virtue of filial piety in Chinese society.

4 译为祈使句

5 将无主句译为倒装句

(7)只有这样我们才能赶上世界的先进科学技术水平

Only in this way can we catch up with the world’s advanced levels in science and technology.

第三章词类转换

1. 动词转译

(8)无论什么事情,只要他一露面,就算是成功了。

His very appearance at any affair proclaims it a triumph..

2. 名词转译

(9)和平的环境是一个国家、一个地区以至全球发展的重要前提

A peaceful environment is indispensable for national, regional and even global development.

第四章调整语序

1. 语序指句子成分排列的次序,它是词语和句子成分之间关系的体现,反映语言使用者的逻辑思维和心理结构模式

2. 句内语序的调整,(形容词,副词等位置的顺序,状语位置的调整(多个状语的位置),某些特殊单词的用法)(这部分请自己回去阅读)

Responsible;worth;Overseas

3. 句间语序的调整

(10)如果有一杯新茶,一卷好书,坐在那儿慢慢的享受,可能比做皇帝还自在呢。

It is more pleasurable than being an emperor to enjoy oneself in leisure, with a cup of fresh tea and good book.

(11)如果有人认为中国人好用武力,动不动就用拳脚来解决问题,那就打错特错了。

It is utterly wrong to imagine that Chinese people are liable to use force and resolve problems through violence.

第五章减译法

1.汉语中的形式重复的词(组)怎么处理?

(12)凡是来了客人,沏茶、敬茶的礼仪必不可少。

Whenever guests visit, it is necessary to make and serve tea to them.

2.汉语中的语意重复的词(组)怎么处理?

3.汉语中的范畴词怎么处理?

(13)我们一定能够顺利解决沿海同内地贫富差距的问题

We are confident that we can smoothly bridge the wealth gap between coastal and inland areas.

词性转换有时也可以看做省译法如:

(14)他没有致闭幕词就宣布结束会议。

He dismissed the meeting without a closing speech.

第六章增译法:

1. 增词的第一种情况,即根据英语在语法结构或行文习惯上的需要而增词。

(15)冬天来了,春天还会远吗?If winter comes, can spring be far behind?

(16)得寸进尺。If you give him an inch, he will take a mile.

二、增词第二种情况,即把原文句子里隐含的或上下文意思清楚而没有写出来

的词在译文里补译出来,使译文清楚地表达原文的意思。也就是说,为了使句意明确而增词。

(17)中国功夫最伟大的地方在于和平。

The greatest merit of Chinese Kungfu is its pursuit of peace.

第七章合并译法(一)——使用从句

1、状语从句

(18)中国人虽然讲究吃,但是他们非常看不起那种只追求衣食享受的人

Though fond of eating, Chinese people despise those who indulge themselves in physical pleasures.

2. 定语从句

(19)剪纸最常用的颜色是红色,象征着健康和兴旺。

The color most frequently used in paper cutting is red, which symbolizes health and prosperity.

3. 同位语从句

4. 主语从句

(20)他此行的所见所闻给他留下了深刻的印象。

Whatever he saw and heard on his trip gave him a deep impression.