key_to_Quiz_1__U1-2_

Key to quiz 5&7Part I1-5irritate, unventilated, fidget, asphyxiate, indiscreet6-10 inquisitive, obstinacy, aptitude, escapism, counterpart11-15 circulation, elope, bed-ridden, stumble, scot-free16-20 plague, persistent, ex-directory, alternative, couchette21-25 distressing, foreboding, complexion, inaugurate, diameter26-30 screech, breach, thunderous, quirk, champagnePart II1-5 BCABD 6-10 DDBDD11-15 CCBAB 16-20 ABAACPart III1. It serves you right if you fail your maths test again. You’ve cut too many maths classes this semester.2. They worked day and night in the laboratoryfor a whole month only to find that they were attempting the impossible.3. The town inaugurated its first world-class bridge with a motorcycle parade.4. Thunderous applause erupted and rocked the hall as the professor closed his speech.5. “I would rather you work on your own to find a new solution from your failures than following convention without any new discovery,”the supervisor said to him.Part IV1. Thanks to one of the remarkable construction achievements of the 20th century, whether one likes it or not, England and France are on the way of getting geographically connected.2. As far as the British are concerned, the Chunnel has changed the geographical pattern which long separated Britain from Continental Europe.3. It’s your own fault if you cannot keep away from some lazy of curious gossip, or fromsomeone who wants something but to offer anything in turn.4. a book which can be seen in more places than Shakespeare or the Bible.5. And soon the whole French population will take the Chunnel transport and come over to visit Britain.。

Keys to the exercises of Unit1Note-takingExercise A1. carefully, pedestrians2. Three out of four。

killed or seriously injured。

Fifteen or over sixty.3. ice-cream van。

children。

ice-cream。

traffic4. A zebra crossing。

slow down。

cross5. Give way, stepped。

crossingDialogue 1done to be done relevant informationPlace [v] The hall has been hiredThe disco [v] To find some one to do itThe equipment [v] we are having the sound system and therecord delivered by a local company next weekThe bar [v] we have drinks delivered next weekThe food [v] to have it done by the caterers in the villageThe invitation [v] we haven’t time to send them outPassage 2Exercise B"1-5 ADBCD"6-8 BCA"News Item2Exercise AA world trade Organization and meeting on reducing taxes and government aid for certain services.Exercise B"Debating。

Keys to Unit 1LANGUAGE WORKI.Give words, if there are any, that are opposite in meaning to those italicized in thefollowing sentences.1.If a sentry on duty shouts "Halt!", you must stop. (proceed/go ahead)2.Granddad is quite willing to do the shopping, but unfortunately he is apt to forget what he hasto buy. (unlikely)3.The old lady lives a solitary life in that house, miles away from the nearest neighbor.(gregarious)4.It was clear from the number of mistakes he made that our driver was a novice. (expert)5.Something that is to our mutual advantage will benefit each of us. (individual)6. A futile struggle or argument is one that is useless or has no effect. (fruitful)7.The car is faulty so you'd better get it repaired. (perfect/faultless)8. A nervous horse may shy if you go near it. (advance)9.David has a keen sense of humor; he can appreciate a good joke. (dislike)10.Most people don't appreciate what tenacity and will power their handicapped colleaguepossessed in order to do the same amount of work as they. (be unaware of)11.You can lure a rat out of its hole by putting down a tasty piece of food nearby. (repel/deter)12.I think butter can be a good lure for rats. (repellent)13.Next on the programme was a comedy, which left us holding our sides with laughter.(tragedy)14.If you don't like the arrangements we have made, we will alter them for you. (retain/keep)15.If yesterday was Monday, the previous day was Sunday. (following/subsequent)16.I had the honor of shaking hands with the Prime Minister at the press conference. (dishonor)17.A sheer cliff is quite upright like the side of a house. (sloping/gentle/gradual)18.Mary was so rapt in her embroidery that she had no idea of what was going on around her.(bored/uninterested)19.Crossing the continent in a covered wagon was an arduous undertaking. (easy/effortless)20.Ominous clouds made the travellers head the yacht toward the shore. (encouraging/promising)21.The newcomer was so taciturn at the reception that we never knew whether he liked it or not.(chatty/talkative)22.It is unwise of you to disdain all offers of help when you are in difficulty. (accept)II.Choose the word or phrase which best completes each sentence.1.When the Judsons put up the shelves in the kitchen, they just __________ a few holes in thewall.A.drilledB. sawedC. piercedD. pressed2.Rain poured down; the sky was split by terrifying flashes of forked lightning while peals ofthunder _________ our conversation.A. died downB.drownedC. sankD. submerged3.The __________ of the 46,000 ton Titanic which was sailing for New York from Southamptonon its maiden voyage was caused by a huge iceberg.A. plungeB. descentC. sinkingD. drowning4.As the young teacher dictated the passage, Emma __________ what he was reading inshorthand.A. lookupB. took onC. took offD. took down5.When the librarians were having a meeting in the staff room, a mischievous young man_________ scaled the wall of the library just for fun.A. lazilyB. clumsilyC. criminallyD. surreptitiously6.Professor Brown is becoming increasingly __________: last week he locked himself out ofhis laboratory three times.A. obliviousB. mindlessC. forgetfulD. absent7.According to the latest __________ poll, Raymond, the English teacher at the languageschool, is more popular now than at any time since he took up his post.A. beliefB. opinionC. convictionD. survey8.I finally succeeded in persuading that student to ___________ the source of the rumor.A. divulgeB. discoverC. uncoverD. diverge9.Mr. Simpson hurried to __________ Mr. Smith so that they could discuss the newinterdisciplinary courses as they were walking.A. reach up toB. catch up withC. overtakeD. come up with10.When the sheriff went to the church to find some helpers, the congregation was listening inreverent silence to the priest's ___________.A. speechB. lectureC. discourseD. sermon11.It was Professor Huntington's __________ to retire from teaching in the French Departmentthe next semester.A. intentionB. opinionC. ideaD. thought12.No hazard, peril or hardship would ____________ the mountaineer from his intention ofreaching the summit.A. deflateB. deterC. defectD. dilate13.Many counties in the suburban areas have now succeeded in ___________ malarialmosquitoes.A. erasingB. abolishingC. eradicatingD. obliterating14.A(n) __________ essay is a straightforward presentation of facts and though the vocabularycan be far from simple, it is unadorned and is seldom used metaphorically.A. imaginativeB. factualC. descriptiveD. general15.As the sky looks ominous, it is obvious that a violent thunderstorm is ___________.A. immediateB. instantaneousC. eminentD. imminent16.The crime novel could make a legitimate claim to be regarded as a separate branch ofliterature, or, at least, as a distinct, even though a slightly disreputable ____________ of the traditional novel.A. offshootB. speciesC. kindD. shoot17.A detective story ___________ in the African jungle or Australian bush appeals to our interestin remote places.A. set downB. setC. set outD. set to18.Scientists have warned us that an increase in the carbon dioxide content of the atmospherewill cause the Earth to warm up while increasing the aerosol content will cause it to cooldown. Now the aerosol question _________ larger than ever.A. threatensB. becomesC. appearsD. looms19.By then, the 4-2-1 ___________, i.e., the type of family made up of four helplessgrandparents, two demanding parents and one frustrated child, will have become commonplace.A. symptomB. synchronizationC. syndromeD. symbiosis20.The young, self-assured prince ____________ power upon the death of the king.A. resumedB. consumedC. assumedD. presumedplete each of the following sentences with the correct form of a suitable word chosen from the list at the head of each group.A. lively, living, live, alive1.If I was asked the question: what personal qualities are desirable in a teacher, I think theteacher's personality should be pleasantly _________ and attractive.2.Some representatives of the community object to experiments being performed on__________ animals.3.If you happen to touch a _________ wire, you will get an electric shock.4.Children's textbooks are usually illustrated with _________ drawings.5.Morgan asked the survivors of the train collision whether his twin brother was _______ or notas soon as he came to.6.Peter's birthday party turned out to be a happy gathering at which there was much__________ conversation.7.I was not aware that the speaker was one of the greatest _________ novelists of our time.8.Constant change is a manifestation of a _________ language.9.The seriously wounded soldier was unconscious but still _________ when taken to thehospital.10.Anne was so __________ that her presence in the room was electrifying.11.At the summer camp, it was great fun grilling sheep over _________ coals.12.Frank was delighted to see his first real __________ panda at the zoo after having played withso many toy ones.13.Norman was the _________ image of his father.14.No woman now _________ could play the piano better than my grandmother.15.Now we can enjoy _________ telecasts from outer space.Keys:1. lively2. live3. live4. lively5. alive/living6. lively7. living8. living9. alive/living 10. alive/lively 11. live 12. live 13. living 14. alive/living15. liveB. convince, cajole, coax, persuade, urge, wheedle1.After John had been ill for a week, we finally_________ him to consult a doctor.2.When the ailing boy did not feel like doing anything, the nurse spent hours _________ him toeat.3.Tom's teacher __________ him to study harder in order to pass the examination with fleeingcolors.4.Today's tots are largely an overindulged lot so whenever they have a meal, their mothers haveto make a game of it to __________ them to eat.5.With her sweetest and most appealing smile, the blonde __________ the millionaire intobuying her a diamond ring.6.As it was getting dark and she was hungry, Monica __________ her horse into a trot.7.After the heated debate. Nancy didn't look __________ but she said nothing more about herviewpoint.8.It is no use trying to ___________ him to give up his foolish plan; he will not listen to you.9.I believe in the proverb: "Honesty is the best policy" so I will neither be __________ northreatened from stating my opinions.10.Even though word came that Mr. Henderson had been convicted and sent to prison for writingbad cheques, Mrs. Henderson was still _________ of his innocence.11.Even with the iron-clad evidence, we were not __________ that Corona, a docile, shy,good-looking woman, could be the murderer of her own brother.12.The environmentalists ___________ the mayor to support their proposal for a cleaner city.13.My sister always ___________ money out of grandma by hugging her and telling her howgenerous and kind-hearted she is.14.Anne, an extroverted girl, was able to __________ Mary, a timid teenager into divulging thename of the abettor behind the scenes.15.We tried hard to ___________ our overworked mother to take a holiday at the seaside.16.No matter how hard the boss argued, _________ and _________, the two blue collar workersrefused to be his accomplices in the dirty business.Keys:1. persuaded2. coaxing3. urged/persuaded4. coax5. wheedled6. urged7. convinced8. persuade9. cajoled 10. convinced 11. convinced/persuaded 12. urged 13. wheedles 14. cajole 15. persuade16. coaxed, cajoledIV.Paraphrase the following.1.Most previous analogies are seriously inadequate, for while they may describe a part of theteaching activity, they also suggest patterns that are not fully applicable to teaching. (ll.22-24)Almost none of the analogies that have been used so far can fully describe what teaching is all about, (or: Nearly all the analogies that have been used so far can only present a partial picture, rather than a complete one, of what teaching is really about.) In this sense, none of them serves as an apt analogy for teaching.2.Rather than emphasizing the mutuality of the endeavor, each of these common analogies turnson a separation between the professional and his clients. (ll. 30-32)Each of these popular analogies sees the teacher and his students not as an organic unit tied together in a joint effort, but as being isolated from each other.3.The teacher as actor also plays to a passive audience, but he measures success by largenumbers. (l. 48)The teacher, seen in the role of the actor, would be simply lecturing to an audience, who donot participate, and he would evaluate his performance not by their involvement in class activities, but by the size of the class.4.The mountaineer accepts his leadership role, yet recognizes that the success of the journey(measured by the scaling of the heights) depends upon close cooperation and active participation by each member of the group. (ll.76-78)The mountaineer knows his own function as a leader and is well aware, too, that whether they can climb to the top is decided by how well each member can cooperate with the others and how far each member is ready to involve himself in the endeavor.5.Essential skills must be mastered if the trip is to be successful; lacking them, disaster looms asan ominous possibility. (ll. 79-80)For a good journey, basic skills form an indispensable part, without which one is likely to encounter misfortune.V.Write a short essay, trying to make your reader accept that practice is the most effective way to improve your spoken English. You are required to introduce or develop your essay by analogy. You may, for instance, use the learning process of riding on a bike or swimming to assist your explanation. Do not worry about the differences, if any.。

Unit 1Part I Listening TaskScript for the recording:The severity of Russian winter is often linked with Russian military victories. In the Great Northern War, Charles XII of Sweden invaded the Russia of Peter the Great. The Russians retreated, adopting a scorched-earth policy. This particular winter happened to be the most brutal winter of the 18th century, so severe that the salt water port of Venice froze. Charles' 35,000 troops were crippled, and only 19,000 were left after that winter.In 1812, Napoleon's army of 610,000 men invaded Russia, heading towards Moscow. The Russian army retreated before the French and again burnt their crops and villages, denying the enemy their use. Napoleon's army was ultimately reduced to 100,000. His army suffered further, even more disastrous losses on the retreat from Moscow. According to an American military study, the main body of Napoleon's army, initially at least 378,000 strong, "diminished by half during the first eight weeks of his invasion, before the major battle of the campaign.The argument of the Russian winter may be mythologized. Failed invaders liked to exaggerate the significance of weather conditions in their failures. According to the meteorological records, the 1812-1813 winter was milder than usual.During WWII the only cold winter was in 1941-1942, and the German army lacked necessary supplies, such as winter uniforms, due to the many delays in its movements. Hitler was so confident of a quick victory that he did not prepare for even the possibility of winter warfare in Russia. He was too confident in his "lightning war" strategy. Yet his eastern army suffered more than 734,000 casualties during the first five months of the invasion, and on 27 November 1941, General Eduard Wagner reported that "We are at the end of our resources in both personnel and materiel. We are about to be confronted with the dangers of deep winter."After Listening1.link2.burnt their crops and villages3.exaggerate the significance4.at the end of their resourcesPart II Reading taskComprehensionPossible answers to content questions1. It refers to the raw, bitter, bleak Russian winter.2. He expected the conquest of Russia in five weeks.3. Instead of fighting, they retreated eastward, burning their crops and homes as they went. They let the Russian winter fight the war for them while they bided their time.4. Napoleon discovered that the occupation of the city was an empty victory because the Russians fled their capital leaving him almost nothing at all.5. They suffered heavy losses as a result of the extreme cold and the Russians' hit-and-run attacks.6. Napoleon abdicated and went into exile.7. Hitler began his invasion of the Soviet Union on June 22, 1941 without a declaration of war. He expected the campaign to last no longer than three months by using the so-called "lightning war" tactics.8. No, he wasn't. He instructed the Russian people to "scorch the earth" in front of the German invaders.9. The people of Leningrad refused to surrender and put up a heroic, stiff resistance.10. An early, severe, cold winter, to a large extent, slowed down the German advance on Moscow.11. The loss of the battle for Stalingrad turned the tide against Hitler. The German victories were over.12. The author concludes that the elements of nature must be reckoned with in any military campaign.Text Organization1.Parts Paragraphs Main IdeasPart One Paras 1-2Introduction —Both Napoleon's and Hitler's military campaignsfailed because of the severity of the Russian winter.Part Two Paras 3 -11Napoleon's military campaign against RussiaPart Three Paras 12-20Hitler's military campaign against the Soviet Union.Part Four Para 21 Conclusion —The elements of nature must be reckoned with in anymilitary campaign.2.Sections Paragraphs Main IdeasSection One Paras 12 -13Hitler's blitzkrieg against Russia and Stalin's scorched-earthpolicy.Section Two Paras 14 -18 The battles fought at Leningrad, Moscow and Stalingrad. Section Three Paras 19-20 The Russian counter-offensive and the outcome of the war.Language Sense Enhancement1.1) the fierce resistance 2) the long march3) the devastating enemy 4) bleak5) launched 6) military might7) mowed down 8) campaign9) a painful lesson 10) the aidVocabularyI.1.1) alliance 2) at the cost of3) stroke 4) limp5) minus 6) regions7) declarations 8) siege9) raw 10) bide his time11) have taken their toll 12) in the case of2.1) is faced with 2) get bogged down3) is pressing on/pressed on 4) drag on5) get by 6) dine out7) have cut back 8) get through3.1) The rapid advance in gene therapy may lead to the conquest of cancer in the near future.2) Production in many factories has been brought to a halt by the delayed arrival of rawmaterials due to the dock workers' strike.3) Sara has made up her mind that her leisure interests will/should never get in the way of hercareer.4) Obviously the reporter's question caught the foreign minister off guard.5) The introduction of the electronic calculator has rendered the slide rule out of date/obsolete.4.1) Being faced with an enemy forces much superior to ours, we had to give up the occupationof big cities and retreat to the rural and mountainous regions to build up our base.2) Unity is crucial to the efficient operation of an organization. Failure to reckon with thisproblem will weaken its strength. In many cases, work may be brought to a halt by constant internal struggle in an organization.3) The Red Army fought a heroic battle at Stalingrad and won the decisive victory against theGermans. In fact, this battle turned the tide in the Second World War. During this famous battle, the Soviet troops withstood the German siege and weakened the German army by launching a series of counterattacks.II.1 During the First World War, battles occurred here and there over vast areas. Some of the most dramatic fighting took place in the gloomy trenches of France and Belgium .2 Elizabeth made careful preparations for the interview and her efforts/homework paid off.3 I spent hours trying to talk him into accepting the settlement, but he turned a deaf ear to all my4 Pneumonia had severely weakened her body, and I wondered how her fragile body could withstand the harsh weather.III.1 fall ill2 lay dead at home for two weeks3 dropped dead from a heart attack4 fell asleep.5 marrying young6 to sit still for longer than a few minutesComprehensive ExercisesI. Cloze1．1) invasion 2) stand in the way3) Conquest 4) catching (Stalin) off his guard5) launching 6) declaration7) campaign 8) drag on9) reckon with 10) bringing (the German advance) to a halt2．1) allow 2) reckoned 3) highly 4) forecasts 5) rapidly6) instant 7) delivery 8) advantage 9) observing 10) powerfulII. Translation1.1) Mr. Doherty and his family are currently engaged in getting the autumn harvest in on the farm.2) We must not underestimate the enemy. They are equipped with the most sophisticated weapons.3) Having been out of a job/Not having had a job for 3 months, Phil is getting increasingly desperate.4) Sam, as the project manager, is decisive, efficient, and accurate in his judgement.5) Since the chemical plant was identified as the source of pollution, the village neighborhood committee decided to close it down at the cost of 100 jobs.2.The offensive had already lasted three days, but we had not gained much ground. The division commander instructed our battalion to get around to the rear of the enemy at night and launch a surprise attack. To do so, however, we had to cross marshland and many of us were afraid we might get bogged down in the mud. Our battalion commander decided to take a gamble. Lucky enough, thanks to the severely cold weather which made the marchland freeze over, we arrived at our destination before dawn and began attacking the enemy from the rear. This turned the tide of the battle. The enemy, caught off guard, soon surrendered.Part III Home Reading TaskComprehension Check1. d2. d3. b4. a5. b6. dTranslation1. 6月5日被选定为进攻开始日，其用意是留下一个安全系数，以防万一进攻需要推迟。