上海市2020年第二次高考模拟考试英语试题及答案

- 1 - 上海市2020年第二次高考模拟考试英语试题及答案

（试卷满分150分，考试时间120分钟）

考生注意事项：

1.答卷前，着生务必将自已的姓名、准考证号填写在答題卡上。

2.回蓉选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答題卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。

第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)（略）

第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)

第一节 (共15小题;每小题2分，满分30分)

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、BC和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

A

Why don’t quiet carriages work, and how might they be make to? Quiet carriages on trains are a nice

idea: travelers voluntarily make their phones silent, turn stereos off and keep chatter to a minimum.

However, in reality, there is usually at least one silly babbler(喋喋不休的人) to break the silence.

A couple of problems prevent peaceful trips. First, there is a sorting problem: some passengers end up

in the quiet carriage by accident and are not aware of the rules. Second, there is a commitment problem:

noise is sometimes made by travelers who choose the quiet carriage but find an important call hard to

ignore.

The train operators are trying to find answers. Trains in Queensland Australia, are having permanent

signs added to show exactly what is expected; a British operator has invested in some technology to prevent

phone calls.

Microeconomics suggests another approach. Fining people for making a noise would surely

dissuade(劝阻) the polluter and is a neat solution in theory, but it requires costly monitoring and

enforcement. Another way would be to use prices to separate quiet and noisy passengers－in effect,

creating a market for silence. A simple idea would be to sell access to the quiet carriage as an optional extra

when the ticket is bought. Making the quiet coach both an active choice and a costly one would dissuade

many of those who don’t value a peaceful ride.

Charging may also solve the commitment problem. This is particularly tricky, as attitudes to noise can - 2 - change during the journey. Some passengers would pay the quiet premium but still chatter away when some

vital news arrives. Schemes that reward the silent－a rating system among fellow passengers, for example－could help. The idea is that losing your hard-won reputation offsets the short-term gain from using the

phone. But such a system also fails the simplicity test.

A 2010 book by George Akerlof and Rachel Kranton argues that “norms”－feelings about how

everyone should behave－also play a role in decision-making. Charging a price, even if just a token

amount, means the quiet carriage becomes a service that fellow passengers have bought, not just a

preference they have expressed. Perhaps different norms would come into play, encouraging calm. If not, a

personal bubble is always an option: noise-canceling headphones start at around $50.

1. According to the passage, what does microeconomics suggest?

A. Finding the source of noise.

B. Putting a price on noise.

C. Avoid using a phone in the carriage.

D. Investing more money in monitoring and enforcement.

2. By “a personal bubble is always an option,” the author means ________.

A. one can make his own choice B. one should respect others’ privacy

C. one can create his own personal space D. one should stick to his personal budget

3. This passage is mainly about ________.

A. people’s favoured transportation

B. effective methods of monitoring noise levels

C. possible solutions to noise in train carriages

D. common forms of misbehavior of passengers

B

The great-grandmother is learning English with the help of her family when she is at the age of 91.

She hopes to use the language at next year’s Olympic Games in Tokyo. Takamizawa was one of the more

than 200, 00 people who requested to volunteer for Tokyo’s 2020 Games. English is not required for

service, but it is a useful skill for volunteers to have.

But Takamizawa had not been able to learn the language when she was young. Takamizawa said that

she was in high school when World War Two started. She said, “In my second year there, English was

banned because it was the enemy language.” - 3 - Takamizawa said her grandchildren helped persuade her that she was not too old to learn. “When I

talked to my grandchildren about my wish, they said, ‘It’s not too late. We will teach you one word a day’ ”.

Natsuko is Takamizawa’s granddaughter and main English teacher. Natsuko sends a new English word to

her grandmother’s phone every day. They also often work together directly on phrases that Takamizawa

will need for the Olympics. “Welcome to Tokyo, this is the Olympic stadium, how can I help you?”

Takamizawa answers when asked to say an English phrase she has learned. Natsuko explains that she

wanted to give her grandmother something to enjoy. “I can clearly see her English is getting better. It’s my