【美联英语】英语语法+高中英语语法手册13
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关于英语那些你不知道的事都在这里/test/quwen.aspx?tid=16-73675-0美联英语提供：高中英语语法手册13We must fight against pollution.我们必须同污染作斗争。
（2）衬托，对照；以…为背影The ship appeared against the sky.船出现在天际。
agains t a dark black ground以暗黑色为背景（3）靠、依、接触He leaned against the wall.他依墙而立。
Please hang this picture against the wall there.请将这幅画挂在墙上。
（4）碰（撞）在…The rain is beating against the window.雨敲打着窗子。
The ship struck against the rock.船触礁了。
（5）以防、以备Ants store food against the winter.蚂蚁贮存食物以备过冬。
Protect the grain against rain.护好粮食以防雨淋。
7、along沿着、顺着She looked out sadly at a gray cat walking along a gray fence in a gray backyard.她满面愁容地呆瞅着灰蒙蒙的后院里正沿着一道灰色的篱笆走着的一只灰色的猫。
8、among（1）在…当中This is a common mistake among students.这是在学生当中一个普遍的错误。
That book is the best among modern novels.在近代小说中，那本书是最好的。
（2）在…所围绕之中They built a house among the trees.他们于树林之中建一屋。
The town lies among the mountains.此镇位在群山环抱之中。
注意：among与between 的区别：among.表示三者或三者以上的中间，between表两者之间或者三者以上的两者之间。
There is a railway between the two cities.两城之间有一条铁路。
There are so many desks in the classroom that there is hardly any room to move between them.教室里课桌是如此之多，以致桌与桌之间几乎没有走动的空间了。
9、around（1）环绕，在...的周围She is going to travel around the world.她将作环球旅行。
Trees lie around the house.房子的四周都是树木。
The students sat around their teacher.学生坐在老师的周围。
（2）在那一边，在转过…的地方The company is just around the corner.拐弯过去就是那家公司。
注意：around和round常可互换，英国英语中常用round和about,美国英语中常用around。
round词性较多，可用作形容词、副词、介词等。
around只作介词和副词。
另外，表示“在附近”、“各处”等常用around，表示“圆周运动”、“测量”时用round。
（3）大约The fighting began around eight o'clock.战斗大约在八点开始。
The trip cost me around 50 dollars.这次旅行花了我约五十美元。
10、as充当，担任，作为Who will act as our maths teacher? 谁将做我们的教学老师？As a teacher, I must try my best.作为老师，我当尽力。
11、at（1）在（小地方或地理上的一个点）I'll wait for you at the school gate.我在校门口等你。
（2）在（时间上的点，常用于几点几分）We came here at half past nine.我们九点半到达这里。
（3）在…的旁边They were sitting at the desk.他们正坐在桌子边。
（4）向、对准Don't laugh at me.别嘲笑我。
The boy threw a stone at the dog.那男孩朝狗扔石块。
（5）对（一般用于表示感情的动词之后）We are surprised at the news.听到这个消息，我们很惊讶。
The father was angry at the boy's laziness.父亲因那孩子的懒惰而生气。
（6）正在，正处在（在名词前表状态）He is at school(work)now.现在他正在上学（工作）。
（7）表示比率、速度、价格The car can go at 100 km an hour.这车速度可达每小时一百公里。
I bought the picture at a high price.我花大价钱买下了那幅画。
（8）依据，按照（请求、提议、吩咐、号召）At your request, I finished the job on time.接你的要求，我及时完成了工作。
They went to Hangzhou at my suggestion.依我的建议，他们到杭州去了。
（9）处于、达到（极点、顶点）They shouted at the top of his voice.他大声喊叫The coat doesn't fit me at all.这衣服我穿着一点也不合适。
I suppose he is 25 at most.我以为他最多二十五岁。
12、before（1）（位置）在前，在…面前，当…的面She sat before me in the classroom.在教室里她坐在我前面。
They fought before the judge.当着法官的面，他们打了起来。
注意：表示位置在前面时，before是正式用词，一般情况下可用in front of替代，与之对应的词是behind；表示建筑物的前面，用in front of不用before.（2）（时间、次序）在…以前，先于Please come here before six o'clock.请在六点以前到这里来。
You should do thinking before act.你该三思而后行。
His name comes before yours on the list.在名单上他的名字列在你的名字前面。
13、behind（1）（位置）在后、在背后The boy hid behind the door.那男孩躲在门后。
The village is behind the hill.村庄在山后面。
（2）（遗、留）在…身后He left his hat behind him in a hurry.仓促之间他把帽子丢下了。
Martin Luther King left behind him a great thought for us .马丁·路德·金给我们留下了伟大的思想。
注意：表示建筑物的后面用at the back of,但是和表示在建筑物前面不能用before不同，说在建筑物后面却可以用behind。
（3）支持，作…后盾Because you are behind us ,we are not afraid .有你支持，我们不害怕。
（4）落后于…，不如…I'm behind Xiao Liu in English.我英语不如小刘学得好。
We are still behind some advanced countries in some fields.在一些领域里我们仍落后于一些发达国家。
14、below（1）在…下面、低于（等级、职务、程度、水平）He went below the deck.他到甲板下面去了。
The temperature drops to below zero.气温降到零度以下。
He is very kind to those below his rank.他对下级很和善。
I'm below him in English.我英语不如他。
（2）不足…（数量、价值等）The number of students in our class is below sixty.我们班学生不足六十人。
They will not sell it below the price of 100 dollars.价格低于一百元他们不卖。
15、beside（1）在…的旁边Come and sit beside me.过来坐在我身边（2）离开（范围），与…无关The discussion is beside the question.讨论离题了。
They agreed beside the point.他们议论得不贴题。
（3）与…相比Beside his efforts ours seem small.与他们的努力相比，我们的努力微不足道。
16、besides除…之外Besides English, he would like to study German and Japanese.除了英语他还想学德语和日语。
Besides giving the patients medical treatment, the doctor also made scientific.医生除了给病人治病以外还从事科学研究。
注意：besides与except同可译为“除…以外”。
Besides有“包括在内”之意，而except 则无。
17、between（1）在两者之间（时间、距离、情感等）Do you know the differences between American English and British English? 你知道美国英语和英国美语的不同吗？We have our breakfast between seven and half past seven.我们在七点到七点半之间吃早饭。
between five and six km五、六公里之间（2）在（两人）之间A look passed between them.他们彼此递了个眼色。
the relation between teachers and students师生关系18、beyond（1）越过，在…之较远的一边He lives three doors beyond this place.他住在过此三家之处。
