chapter_1Preliminaries(微观经济学-华侨大学,JeffCal

Consumer Behavior
These two problems require an understanding of the economic theory of consumer behavior.
Consumer Behavior
There are three steps involved in the study of consumer behavior.
Consumer Behavior
When the food stamp program was established in the early 1960s, the designers had to determine to what extent the food stamps would provide people with more food and not just simply subsidize the food they would have bought anyway.
Chapter 3
Consumer Behavior
Topics to be Discussed
Consumer Preferences Budget Constraints Consumer Choice Revealed Preferences
Topics to be Discussed
Consumer Preferences
Market Baskets
Three Basic Assumptions 1) Preferences are complete. 2) Preferences are transitive. 3) Consumers always prefer more of any good to less.

为什么劳动力供给曲线是向后弯曲的三影响供给量的因素与供给函数一影响供给量的因素影响因素产品价格相关产品的价格生产要素的价格税收预期技术进步自然条件社会条件和政治气候二供给量的变动当影响供给的其它因素不变时商品本身价格的变动所引起的供给量的变动是在同一条供给曲线上供给量的变动三供给的变动当商品本身的价格不变时其它因素相关产品的价格生产要素的价格技术进步预期税收自然条件社会条件和政治气候的变动所引起的供给量的变动是整个供给曲线的移动
回想一下历史上一些著名的战争策略，如：破釜沉舟，置之死 地而后生等，也就是将机会成本降到零。 还有陈胜、吴广起义，豪言壮语“王侯将相宁有种乎？”至今还 为人们传诵。陈胜、吴广为什么要起义？不起义是死，起义有可能死， 但死的轰轰烈烈，还有可能成功，做王侯将相。那么不起义的机会成 本就是负的，于是只能起义。 再看看我们的身边。有些同学在大学时就是非常优秀的学生， 也是老师们比较看好的学生，可到不惑之年还是一事无成；而有些表 现一般的同学，最后却能取得成功。这也是一个机会成本的问题，大 家都看好的，各方面条件都不错的人，他的选择就多，所以东闯闯， 西打打，最终什么也不精。而那些大学时不怎么样的学生，由于自身 条件一般，好不容易谋到个岗，格外珍惜，努力上进，若干年之后， 老同志退了，自然就轮到他了，加上长期潜心钻研，业务很精，难免 不成为一个单位或行业的专家。正如《士兵突击》里的那个许三多， 他一辈子就只有一条路可走，没有那么多选择，机会成本机会为零， 所以，他最后取得成功。
导
论
引言：生活中的经济学 ——由考博的成败说起 第一节 经济学的概念 第二节
第三节 第四节 第五节
经济学的分类
经济学研究的主要问题 经济学研究的基本方法 市场经济与政府职能
引言：生活中的经济学 ——由考博的成败说起

Chapter 15
Slide 21
Calculating Lost Wages
Year
W0(1 + g)t (1 - mt)
1986 $ 85,000 .991 1987 91,800 .990 1988 99,144 .989 1989 107,076 .988 1990 115,642 .987 1991 124,893 .986 1992 134,884 .985 1993 145,675 .984
Slide 12
Two Payment Streams
Today Payment Stream A: $100 Payment Stream B: $20
1 Year 2 Years
$100
0
$100 $100
Chapter 15
Slide 13
Two Payment Streams
PDV of Stream A 100 (1 R) 100 100
PDV of Stream B (1 R) (1 R)2
Chapter 15
Slide 14
PDV of Payment Streams
R = .05 R = .10 R = .15 R = .20 PDV of Stream A: $195.24 $190.90 $186.96 $183.33
Comparing the future value to current expenditures
Chapter 15
Slide 4
Stocks Versus Flows
Stock
Capital is a stock measurement. The amount of capital a company owns

Chapter 3: Consumer Behavior
Slide 14
Consumer Preferences
Clothing (units per week)
50
40
30
20
10
B H
A
G
10
20
Chapter 3: Consumer Behavior
The consumer prefers A to all combinations in the blue box, while all those in the pink box are preferred to A.
Slide 13
Consumer Preferences
Indifference Curves
Indifference curves represent all combinations of market baskets that provide the same level of satisfaction to a person.
Chapter 3: Consumer Behavior
Slide 10
Consumer Preferences
Market Baskets
A market basket is a collection of one or more commodities.
One market basket may be preferred over another market basket containing a different combination of goods.
Chapter 3: Consumer Behavior