浙江专用2018版高考英语二轮教师用书：第1部分 专题1 类型2 故事轶闻(含解析)

专题五写作第1讲应用文写作【考情展示·考向预测】(对应学生用书第79页)应用文写作是高考英语书面表达最常见的一种考查形式。

此类作文接近学生的生活实际，学生有话可说，能充分考查学生的真实写作水平。

常见的应用文有书信、电子邮件、通知、日记、便条、启示、演讲稿等。

而浙江英语新高考把应用文写作作为一个特有题型固定下来，主要是对书信和电子邮件的考查。

类型1| 书信/电子邮件英文书信通常由下列五个部分组成：1．信头(Heading)。

包括写信人地址和写信日期，通常写在信笺的右上角。

在比较熟识的朋友之间的通信，写信人的地址常可省略。

2．称呼(Salutation)。

指写信人对收信人的称呼，如Dear Xiaojun，写在日期下一两行，顶格写，称呼后面可用逗号，也可用冒号，一般用Dear...或My dear...开头。

3．正文(Body)。

这是书信的主体部分，即写信人要表达的内容。

正文一般在称呼下方隔两行处开始写，正文的首行左边一般留约5个字母宽的空白。

4．结束语(Complimentary Close)。

它是书信结尾的恭维话，相当于中文书信最后的“祝好”、“致礼”之类的话语。

如“Best wishes”等。

5．签名(Signature)。

签名通常签在结束语下方的中间偏右的位置，在签名的上方可根据写信人和收信人的关系写Sincerely yours/Yours sincerely(用于长辈或朋友之间)，或Respectfully yours/Yours respectfully(用于对长辈或上级)，注意开头字母要大写，末尾要用逗号。

(2017·浙江6月卷)假定你是李华，计划组织一次郊游，请给你的英国朋友Chris 写封邮件邀请他参加。

内容包括： 1．参加者； 2．时间、地点； 3．活动：登山、野餐等。

注意：1．词数80左右；2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

[习作评阅]——自我修改三档作文[1.高级词汇。

类型5| 新闻报道考查要点方法技巧1.新闻的主题，即发生了什么事。

2．涉及的时间、地点、背景、人物等。

3．事件的起因、经过、结果、影响。

1.新闻报道的主题多在文章的开头处。

2．抓记叙要素，理行文线索，辨叙述方式。

3．要善于分析新闻的社会功能和意义。

(2017·浙江金华十校模拟)A U­shaped object，resembling a silvery dome (穹顶)，is now under inspection by Russian experts，after being secretly removed under cover of night from the possession of villagers who found it.After discovering it on Sunday，locals from the village of Otradnesnky had managed to drag the “UFO fragment”from the thick forest where it had fallen.They loaded it onto a truck and took it through the snow to their village，where local inspectors then examined it before reporting to Moscow authorities.In an official statement，Sergey Bobrov，who found the object，agreed to keep it safe.But following their secret removal of the 200­kilogram metal fragment (碎片)，police have it under close guard on orders from unnamed authorities.The object has not had its origin confirmed yet.However，it does not come from a rocket or missile or be in any way associated with space technology，it has been announced.“The object found is not related to space technology.A final conclusion can be made after a detailed study of the object by experts，”said Roscosmos，the Russian space agency.Experts have also examined the object to determine whether it is dangerous.“We measured the radiation level near and inside the object.We found no radiation here，”said Yuri Bornyakov，who heads the rescue service department of the Kuybyshevsky district in the Novosibirsk region.“Part of the fragment is made of ultra­strong titanium (钛)，”said Valery Vasiliev，the head of the KuybyshevskyDepartment for Civil Defence and Emergency Situations.A guess that it had come from a failed Kazakhstan rocket or satellite launch was also denied.“You can see inside it.All is open.It's empty.No danger here.We were asked to take and store it.We brought it here.And now we are going to wait until they come to take it if they need it，”said local police spokesman Sergei Sulein.24．The“ UFO fragment”was found ．A．in the sky　B．in the fieldC．in the forest D．in the sea25．We can infer from the passage that ．A. the“UFO fragment”comes from outer spaceB．the fragment could be used to make a rocketC．the person who found it will get a reward from MoscowD．the local police will keep the“ UFO fragment”for a while26．What does the passage mainly talk about?A．A fallen“UFO fragment”in Russia.B．A UFO found by Russian villagers.C．An inspection of a“UFO fragment”．D．A report on a failed rocket.语篇解读：本文是一篇新闻报道。

模式2| 设空在段中考查要点1.段落主题句：有时段落首句只是引语，接下来的语句才是段落主题句。

2.解释、引申、例证类语句：对前面的论点或观点加以解释、引申或例证。

3.建议性语句：作者提出的解决问题的方法、措施或步骤。

4.句子间的过渡语句：为使上下文语意承接、转换自然，作者加入的过渡语句。

1．段落主题句[考题回放](2016·全国卷Ⅲ)There are many common methods used to cook fish. 40 First，clean it and season it with your choice of spices (调料)．Put the whole fish on a plate and steam it in a steam pot for 8 to 10 minutes if it weighs about one pound.(A larger one will take more time.) Then，it's ready to serve.B．The easiest is to steam it.[思路分析]　段落首句说“鱼有很多普通做法”并不是主题句，根据空格后面“如何蒸鱼”的介绍可知，空格内的句子“最简单的(方法)是蒸鱼”才是本段的主题句。

2．解释、引申、例证[考题回放](2017·浙江6月卷)How to Do Man­on­the­Street InterviewsThe man­on­the­street interview is an interview in which a reporter hits the streets with a cameraman to interview people on the spot. 31 But with these tips，your first man­on­the­street interview experience can be easy.D．For new reporters，this can seem like a challenging task.[思路分析]　此处是对a reporter hits the streets with a cameraman to interviewpeople on the sport进一步解释和引申，再结合后面的But with these tips，your first man­on­the­street interview experience can be easy可知，D项“对于新记者来说，这似乎是一项具有挑战性的任务”符合语境。

类型2| 故事轶闻[经典案例分析](2017·全国卷Ⅰ·B)I work with V olunteers for Wildlife，a rescue and education organization at Bailey Arboretum in Locust Valley.Trying to help injured，displaced or sick creatures can be heartbreaking；survival is never certain.However，when it works，it is simply beautiful.I got a rescue call from a woman in Muttontown.She had found a young owl(猫头鹰) on the ground.When I arrived，I saw a 2­to 3­week­old owl.It had already been placed in a carrier for safety.I examined the chick(雏鸟) and it seemed fine.If I could locate the nest，I might have been able to put it back，but no luck.My next work was to construct a nest and anchor it in a tree.The homeowner was very helpful.A wire basket was found.I put some pine branches into the basket to make this nest safe and comfortable.I placed the chick in the nest，and it quickly calmed down.Now all that was needed were the parents，but they were absent.I gave the homeowner a recording of the hunger screams of owl chicks.These advertise the presence of chicks to adults；they might also encourage our chick to start calling as well.I gave the owner as much information as possible and headed home to see what news the night might bring.A nervous night to be sure，but sometimes the spirits of nature smile on us all！The homeowner called to say that the parents had responded to the recordings.I drove over and saw the chick in the nest looking healthy and active.And it was accompaniedin the nest by the greatest sight of all—LUNCH！The parents had done their duty and would probably continue to do so.【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。

专题二阅读七选五【考情展示·考向预测】(对应学生用书第42页)模式1| 设空在段首1[考题回放](2016·全国卷Ⅱ)17Some people may think that a garden is no more than plants，flowers，patterns and masses of color.Others are concerned about using gardening methods that require less water and fewer fertilizers (肥料).18.Still others may simply enjoy being outdoors and close to plants.However，there are a number of other reasons that might explain why you want to garden.One of them comes from our earliest years.A．Know why you garden[思路分析]由该空所在位置可知这是一个小标题。

由其后内容“有些人可能认为花园……，有些人关心……。

然而，还有很多其他原因……”可知本段的主题应该是A项“知道你为什么要做园艺工作”。

2．主题句、主要观点[考题回放](2017·浙江6月卷)34 Each interview that you get on the street shouldn't be longer than ten minutes.As soon as you get the answer you need，move on to the next person.Make sure that as you go from interview to interview，you are getting a variety of answers.If everyone is giving you the same answer，you won't be able to use it.A safe number of interviews to conduct is about six to ten.35.That number of interviews should give you all the answers you need.A．Limit your time.[思路分析]根据后面的Each interview that you get on the street shouldn't be longer than ten minutes可知，本段主要谈论的是“限制你的采访时间”。

类型5| 新闻报道(2017·浙江高考·C)FLORENCE，Italy—Svetlana Cojochru feels hurt.The Moldovan has lived here seven years as a caregiver to Italian kids and the elderly，but in order to stay she's had to prove her language skills by taking a test which requires her to write a postcard to an imaginary friend and answer a fictional job ad.Italy is the latest Western European country trying to control a growing immigrant(移民) population by demanding language skills in exchange for work permits，or in some cases，citizenship.Some immigrant advocates worry that as hard financial times make it more difficult for natives to keep jobs，such measures will become more a vehicle for intolerance than integration(融合)．Others say it's only natural that newcomers learn the language of their host nation，seeing it as a condition to ensure they can contribute to society.Other European countries laid down a similar requirement for immigrants，and some terms are even tougher.The governments argue that this will help foreigners better join the society and promote understanding across cultures.Italy，which has a much weaker tradition of immigration，has witnessed a sharp increase in immigration in recent years.In 1990，immigrants numbered some 1.14 million out of Italy's then 56.7 million people，or about 2 percent.At the start of this year，foreigners living in Italy amounted to 4.56 million of a total population of 60.6 million，or 7.5 percent，with immigrants' children accounting for an even larger percentage of births in Italy.Cojochru，the Moldovan caregiver，hoped obtaining permanent residence(居住权)would help her bring her two children to Italy；they live with her sister in Moldova，where salaries are among the lowest in Europe.She was skeptical that the language requirement would encourage integration.Italians always “see me as a foreigner，”an outsider，even though she's stayed in the country for years and can speak the local language fluently，she said.【语篇解读】本文是一篇新闻报道。

2018年6月普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（浙江卷）英语选择题部分第一部分听力做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。

录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题纸上。

第一节听下面5段对话。

每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。

听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。

每段对话仅读一遍。

第二部分阅读理解第一节阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。

AIn 1812, the year Charles Dickens was born, there were 66 novels published in Britain. People had been writing novels for a century—most experts date the first novel to Robinson Crusoe in 1719—but nobody wanted to do it professionally. The steam-powered printing press was still in its early stages; the literacy（识字） rate in England was under 50%. Many works of fiction appeared without the names of the authors, often with something like “By a lady.”Novels, for the most part, were looked upon as silly, immoral, or just plain bad.In 1870, when Dickens died, the world mourned him as its first professional writer and publisher, famous and beloved, who had led an explosion in both the publication of novels and their readership and whose characters —from Oliver Twist to Tiny Tim—were held up as moral touchstones. Today Dickens’greatness is unchallenged. Removing him from the pantheon（名人堂） of English literature would make about as much sense as the Louvre selling off the Mona Lisa.How did Dickens get to the top? For all the feelings readers attach to stories, literature is a numbers game, and the test of time is extremely difficult to pass. Some 60,000 novels were published during the Victorian age, from 1837 to1901; today a casual reader might be able to name a half-dozen of them. It’s partly true that Dickens’style of writing attracted audiencesfrom all walks of life. It’s partly that his writings rode a wave of social, political and scientific progress. But it’s also that he rewrote the culture of literature and put himself at the center. No one will ever know what mix of talent, ambition, energy and luck made Dickens such a distinguished writer. But as the 200th anniversary of his birth approaches, it is possible —and important for our own culture—to understand how he made himself a lasting one.21. Which of the following best describes British novels in the 18th century?A. They were difficult to understand.B. They were popular among the rich.C. They were seen as nearly worthless.D. They were written mostly by women.22. Dickens is compared with the Mona Lisa in the text to stress________.A. his reputation in FranceB. his interest in modern artC. his success in publicationD. his importance in literature23. What is the author’s purpose in writing the text?A. To remember a great writer.B. To introduce an English novel.C. To encourage studies on culture.D. To promote values of the Victorian age.【答案】21. C 22. D 23. A【解析】本文写于Charles Dickens诞辰200周年前夕，介绍了Charles Dickens在英国小说方面的重要贡献和深远影响。

技法3| 依据全文或段落的“主题”线索文章通常会围绕一个中心主题展开论述说明，这个主题一般位于文章的首段或末段，仔细阅读文章的首段和末段，就能快速抓住文章的主题，明白本文将探讨哪方面的内容，有利于我们归纳概括文章的标题或主题。

1．概括“论据”和“结论”，得出“论点”(2016·浙江10月卷)●34 Remember，they're there to help you be the best that you canbe.Respect them and value their opinions，even if they annoy you sometimes.35.Keep in mind that they do the things they do because they care about you.You don't get to choose your teachers or your family，but you still have to put up with them.Learn how to deal with people now，because when you're an adult，you don't get to choose your boss or your co­workers，so learn how to respect them now.C．Be nice to your parents and teachers.[思路分析]此处为段落主题句。

根据后面的Respect them and value their opinions和You don't get to choose your teachers or your family可概括出，本段的主要论点是“要对你的父母和老师好”。

2．根据“论据”推导出“论点”[考题回放](2015·全国卷Ⅰ)38 Having confidence in yourself will help you make betterchoices because you can see what the best outcome would be for your well-being.A．Learn to really trust yourself.[思路分析]空格位于句首，根据文章结构分析应是“论点”，根据空格后的句子“相信自己会……”可判定选A项(学会真正相信你自己)。