.DataScience-GettingValueOutOfBigData-Altintas

Text A课文 AThe humanities: Out of date?人文学科：过时了吗？When the going gets tough, the tough takeaccounting. When the job market worsens, manystudent s calculate they can't major in English orhistory. They have to study something that booststheir pr ospects of landing a job.当形势变得困难时，强者会去选学会计。

当就业市场恶化时，许多学生估算着他们不能再主修英语或历史。

他们得学一些能改善他们就业前景的东西。

The data show that as students have increasingly shouldered the ever-rising cost of tuition,they ha ve defected from the study of the humanities and toward applied science and "hard"skills that they bet will lead to employment. In other words, a college education is more andmore seen as a mean s for economic betterment rather than a means for human betterment.This is a trend that is likely t o persist and even accelerate.数据显示，随着学生肩负的学费不断增加，他们已从学习人文学科转向他们相信有益于将来就业的应用科学和“硬”技能。

本句中，to delete all records that have not been updated within the previous five years, correct any misspelled words and delete any duplicate copies 是动词不定式短语，作目的状语。 that have not been updated within the previous five years 是一个定语从句，修饰和限定 all records。
v.(使)净化，清除
New Words
out-of-date unrecoverable inefficient update
misspell integration time-consuming involved incompatible reformat connection
[❖] [❖] [] [] [] [] [] [] [❖❖] [ ] [ ] []
[ ] [] [ ] [ ] [] [❖] [] [] []
vt.预加工，预处理 vt.转换，改变；使...变形
vi.改变，转化，变换 adj.可以理解的，可懂的 adj.不完全的，不完善的 adj.正确的，精确的 n.精确性，正确度 n.一致性 vt.检验，校验 n.打字稿 v.贴错标签 n.净化，清除
vt.分发，分配，分布，分类，分区 adv.不断地，频繁地 n.合作者 adj.字母的 adv.实验上，用实验方法 vt.单一化，简单化 n.工具，手段，器具 v.比较 n.观察，观测，观察资料(或报告) n.现象 adj.平滑的，平稳的，流畅的 vt.使光滑
vi.变平滑
New Words
interpolation astronomy satellite megapixel megabyte magnitude downlink encompass factor

大数据专业英语English:Big data is a field that encompasses the collection, storage, processing, analysis, and visualization of large and complex datasets to extract meaningful insights and knowledge. Professionals in this field utilize various tools and techniques such as data mining, machine learning, and artificial intelligence to uncover patterns, trends, and correlations within the data. They also employ advanced technologies like distributed computing and cloud computing to handle the massive volume, velocity, and variety of data generated in today's digital age. Moreover, big data professionals are proficient in programming languages like Python, R, and SQL to manipulate and manage data effectively. With the exponential growth of data across industries and domains, big data professionals play a crucial role in helping organizations make data-driven decisions, optimize processes, enhance customer experiences, and gain a competitive edge in the market.中文翻译:大数据是一个涵盖了大规模和复杂数据集的收集、存储、处理、分析和可视化，以提取有意义的见解和知识的领域。

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2、计算理论（Theory of computation）
(3) 串行计算类：P，NP，NPC，NPH
• • • • P类问题：在确定图灵机上多项式（Polynomial）时间内可求解的一类问题。 NP类问题：在非确定图灵机上多项式时间内可求解的一类问题（所有NP问题均必 须在有限步内是可判定的）。 NPC问题：对于L∈NP的问题，且NP类中的每一个L’均可在多项式时间内归约 （转换）到L，L’≤P L，则称L为NPC（NP完全）的（第一个被证明是NPC问题的 是布尔满足性问题：Boolean Satisfiability Problem，SAT）。 NPH（难）问题：一个问题H称为NP难的，当且仅当存在着一个NPC问题L，L可 在多项式时间内图灵归约（Turing-Reduction）到H。简记之为：L(NPC) ≤T H(NPH) （例如判定停机问题是NPH问题）。
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目 录
1. 1. 计算科学与计算问题分类 计算机科学与计算问题分类 (1) (1) 计算科学 计算机科学的经典定ቤተ መጻሕፍቲ ባይዱ (2) 算法定义的数学解释 计算机科学定义的数学解释 (2)
(2) 支撑点空间的定义 (3) 举例 (4) 完全支撑点空间
6.
数据的划分技术
(1) 超平面划分 (2) 有利点划分 (3) 包络球划分
•
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4、度量空间：大数据统一化抽象表示
supinf d x, y
xX yY
supinf d x, y
yY xX
d H X , Y max{supinf d x, y , supinf d x, y }
xX yY yY xX
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4、度量空间：大数据统一化抽象表示