高考英语主谓一致(1)
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英语中的主谓一致[知识精讲]主谓一致是指:一、语法形式上要一致,即单复数形式与谓语要一致。
●I often help him and he often helps me.●We often help each other and learn from each other.二、意义上要一致,即主语意义上的单复数要与谓语的单复数形式一致。
1)主语形式虽然为单数,意义为复数的,谓语动词用复数。
有些集体名词可为单数也可为复数,主要依据意思而定:如果指整体用单数,如果指这个集体中的个体时则用复数。
●His family is not very large.(他的“家”是指整体)●His family are all music lovers.(他的“家人”是指家里的个体)注意: 集体名词中有一类只当复数看待的词,或者我们只把它们看作复数的词,那么它们的谓语只能用复数,象:cattle,folk,people,police,youth等等,这里要提一下的是people这个词,如果它所表示的是民族的话,那么它的谓语就用单数.2)主语形式为复数,而意义上为单数,谓语动词用单数。
形复意单的词有:news,works,trousers,pants,shorts,glasses,scissors和一些以s结尾的书名、组织机构的名称以及以ics 结尾的学科名称等。
●Physics is a difficult subjiect.●Her glasses are new.但是当这类词前有a pair of 修饰时,谓语动词应用单数形式。
●This pair of pants is fit for me.三、就近原则,即谓语动词的单复形式取决于最靠近它的词语,1、并列结构作主语时。
1)由and 并列的两个名词做主语时,如果表示的是一个同一概念或者单数概念,谓语动词用单数,否则用复数●The iron and steel industry is very important.●The teacher and poet often gives lectures around the city.2)当each...and each...;every...and every...;no...and no...;many a.. and many a...结构作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式。
2020年高考提升之语法、词汇及情景交际钻石考点提分秘籍15主谓一致高考对主谓一致的考查非常灵活,除对有关主谓一致的基本规则考查外,主要考查学生对主语的辨识能力,主要是在主语前后添加修饰语。
主要有:主语前有分数、百分数或数量词修饰;主语后有各种短语,尤其是介词短语修饰;定语从句中准确辨识先行词等。
考点一带有修饰语的主谓一致主语后有短语或从句修饰时,这些修饰语不影响主语的人称和数;主语前的修饰语一般情况下也不影响主语的人称和数,如:在“many a + 单数名词”中,中心词是单数名词;在“more than one + 单数名词”中,中心词是单数名词。
但是主语前有数量词时,谓语动词应用与数量词在数上保持一致。
1. All we need _______ a small piece of land where we can plant various kinds of fruit trees throughout thegrowing seasons of the year. (2014湖南)A. areB. wasC. isD. were【答案】C【解析】根据表语a small piece of land可知谓语用单数,而根据从句的时态可知所填词用一般现在时,故选C。
2. Generally, students’ inner motivation with high expectations from others ______ essential to their development.(2013江苏)A. isB. areC. wasD. were【答案】A【解析】主语students’ inner m otivation with high expectations from others的中心词是inner motivation,是单数,再由generally可知应用一般现在时。
3. All the scientific evidence that increasing use of chemicals in farming ______ damaging our health.(2012湖南)A. show; areB. shows; areC. show; isD. shows; is【答案】D【解析】主句的主语evidence是不可数名词,谓语动词用单数;从句主语的中心词是use,of chemicals 是介词短语修饰use,不影响主语的数,故谓语动词应用单数。
高考英语主谓一致用法全汇总一、主谓一致的概念主谓一致是指“人称”和“数”方面的一致关系。
一样情形下,主谓之间的一致关系由以下三个原则支配:语法一致原则、意义一致原则、就近原则。
“主谓一致”考查内容涉及名词单数或复数作主语、不可数名词作主语、不定式作主语、并列结构作主语、专门名词作主语时与谓语动词的一致等。
二、名词作主语01某些集体名词,如family,team等作主语时,假如作为一个整体看待,谓语动词用单数形式,假如就其中一个个成员而言,谓语动词用复数形式。
如:His family is a happy one.他的家庭是一个幸福的家庭。
The whole family are watching TV.全家人都在看电视。
这类名词有audience,class,club,company,crew,enemy,crowd,g overnment,group,party,public,team等。
名词population一词的使用情形类似。
“a group(crowd) of+复数名词”等短语之后的谓语动词也同样可用单数或复数,前者强调整体,后者强调各个部分。
02某些集体名词,如people,police,cattle等,只当复数看待,谓语动词必须用复数。
The police are searching for the thief.警察正在搜捕那个贼。
03单、复数同形的名词作主语时,谓语动词应依照意义决定单、复数。
如:A sheep is over there.那边有只羊。
Some sheep are over there.那边有些羊。
04名词所有格之后的名词被省略,这种情形一样只指商店、工厂、住宅等,作主语时,动词一样用单数。
如:The doctor’s is across the street.诊所在街道的对面。
My uncle’s is not far from here.我叔叔家离这儿不远。
常见的省略名词有the baker’s,the barber’s,the carpenter’s,the Zhang’s等。
高中英语:主谓一致一、概念:主谓一致是指谓语在人称和数上必须和主语的人称和数保持一致。
二、原则:语法一致,就近一致和意义一致。
语法一致:主语为单数形式, 谓语动词也用单数形式; 主语为复数形式, 谓语动词也用复数形式。
e.g. I often help him and he often helps me. We often help each other.1. 由and连接的两个名词或代词做主语:①The worker and writer ______(be) from Wuhan.那个工人兼作家②The worker and the writer ______ (be) from Beijing. 那位工人和那位作家③The secretary and monitor ___ asked to make a speech at the meeting. A. is B. was C. are D. were(1)这部分主语表示的是两个人或两件不同的事物,谓语动词用复数形式。
例如:①My brother and I have both seen that film.②Both rice and wheat are grown in this part of China.③The poet and the novelist were both present at the meeting.(2)这部分主语表示具有两个身份或性质的同一个人或一个完整的事物,谓语动词用单数形式,这时and 后面的名词前没有冠词。
例:①The statesman and poet was engaged in warfare all his life.②War and peace is a constant theme in history.③One more knife and fork is needed.④Bread and butter is our daily food.⑤Law and order has been established.(3)这部分主语前面有each, every, many a, no 等修饰时,谓语动词一般用单数形式。