山西省长治二中2018-2019学年高一下学期第一次月考英语试卷(含答案)
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2018—2019学年第二学期高一第一次月考地理试题【本试卷分为第I卷(选择题)和第II卷(非选择题)两部分,共100分。
考试时间90分钟】第Ⅰ卷(共60分)一、单项选择题(每小题2分,共计60分)解放初期我国实行鼓励生育政策;1982年计划生育确定为基本国策,提倡一对夫妇只生育一个孩子;2013年11月实施单独二孩政策;2016年1月1日起全面实施二孩政策。
下图为“我国1949~2014年出生人口统计图”。
据此完成下面1-2题。
1.有不少学者曾预言2013年以后会出现第四次婴儿潮,但并未出现,原因可能是①育龄妇女教育程度提高②严格的计划生育政策③育龄妇女人数少④抚养成本太高A.①②B.②③C.③④D.①④2.若第四次婴儿潮在2016~2020年之间如期而至,其后几年内就业人数增加的职业是A.中学老师B.建筑设计师C.外科医生D.家政护理人员国家法定退休年龄的调整与该国人口增长状况有密切关系。
下表为世界部分国家法定退休年龄表。
读表,回答下列3-4题。
3.表中国家,人口增长模式与其他三个国家不同的是A.瑞士B.巴西C.英国D.意大利4.英国等西欧国家人口增长的快慢,归根结底取决于A.养老制度B.医疗技术C.婚姻生育观D.生产力发展水平读“甲、乙、丙、丁四国人口资料统计图”,回答5-6题。
5.甲、乙、丙、丁四国人口自然增长率最低的是A.甲B.乙C.丙D.丁6.下列叙述正确的是A.目前甲国人口老龄化表现严重 B.乙国最可能是发达国家C.丙国就业压力大,劳动力廉价 D.丁国人口快速由乡村向城市迁移读下面反映人与环境关系的三种模式图,完成7-8题。
7.按照人与环境关系的理想程度由好到差的排列,三种模式的顺序依次为A.Ⅰ、Ⅱ、ⅢB.Ⅱ、Ⅰ、ⅢC.Ⅲ、Ⅱ、ⅠD.Ⅰ、Ⅲ、Ⅱ8.下列对“环境人口容量”的四种理解错误的是A.环境人口容量为一个国家或地区在一定的条件下所能持续供养的人口数量B.消费水平的高低,对环境人口容量有较大影响C.人类可以局部地改造环境,从而使人口数量超越环境容量D.生态环境的平衡是人类生存的前提和人类改造自然的基础读“某地区四城市学校分布情况表”,表中“√”表示城市具有的学校。
2018—2019学年第一学期高二第一次月考英语试题【本试卷满分150分,考试时间120分钟】第Ⅰ卷(选择题共100分)第一部分听力(共两节,满分20分)第一节(共5小题,每小题1分,满分5分)听下面五段对话。
每段对话后有一个小题。
从题中所给的A,B,C三个选项选出最佳选项,并标在试卷的相应位置。
听完每段对话后,你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。
每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What time is it now?A.9:30B.10:10C.10:00.2. What does the man mean?A. He quite agreed with the woman.B. He enjoyed the lecture the whole time.C. The lecture was more than one hour long.3. Where does the conversation take place?A. In the food store.B. At the station.C. At the table.4. What would the woman like to do?A. Go to a movie.B. Stay at home and watch TV.C. Try the new Chinese restaurant.5. Where does the conversation most probably take place?A. In a hotel.B. In the street.C. In a public house.第二节(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分)听下面5段对话或独白。
每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项,并标在试卷的相应位置。
听每段对话或独白前,你将有时间阅读各个小题,每小题5秒钟;听完后,各小题给出5秒钟的作答时间。
本文部分内容来自网络整理,本司不为其真实性负责,如有异议或侵权请及时联系,本司将立即删除!== 本文为word格式,下载后可方便编辑和修改! ==山西考试招生篇一:改201X 年山西省高中阶段教育学校招生统一考试山西省201X年高中阶段教育学校招生统一考试英语试卷(共 120 分)第一卷 (共 75 分)Ⅰ. 听力试题 (每小题1分,共20分)略Ⅱ. 单项选择(每小题1分,共15分)请你从每小题所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
代词的用法人称代词及物主代词55 中16. Last month, we went to Li Zongsheng’s concert. The beautiful songs about his younger days reminded us to love ______.A. yoursB. theirsC. ours解析:句意:上个月,我们去听了李宗盛的音乐会。
反映他年轻时代的美妙歌曲,提醒我们要爱惜我们自己的青春。
本题考查代词辨析。
本题中三个选项都为名词性物主代词。
由题干中的reminded us to love可知应用ours。
remind sb. to do sth.提醒某人做某事。
答案:C名词用法 50 易17. —It’s said that a college student had a ______ to Tibet with 500 yuan for a month.—How surprising! Once you have an idea to go somewhere, do it!A. matchB. travelC. change解析:句意:——据说一名大学生用500元去西藏旅行了一个月。
——多么令人吃惊啊!一旦你有去某个地方的想法,就行动吧!本题考查名词辨析。
根据句意及设空处后的to可知答案为B项。
答案:B动词时态二60 中现在完成时 18. During the World Cup, a large number of soccer fans fly to Brazil. It has______ a great place for fans to have fun.A. madeB. keptC. become解析:句意:在世界杯期间,许多足球迷飞行巴西。
2018-2019学年山西省忻州市单寨中学高一英语月考试卷含解析一、选择题1. English is spoken all over the world, ____ it the most popular language in the world.A.to make B.makes C.making D.made参考答案:C2. _______ I don’t want to make friends with him.A. Honest speakingB. To be honestC. Being honest to youD. To be honestly参考答案:B3. We___________ on this project for four hours. Let’s have a rest.A. are workingB. have been workingC. workedD. had worked参考答案:B4. At present, the Chinese government is ___ a great many experts who have mastered the rules of the WTO.A. calling onB. calling forC. calling atD. calling up参考答案:B5. The jeans I bought yesterday were too small. I think I need a new ______.A. oneB. pairC. shirtD. scarf 参考答案:B略6. our two groups have joined together, we can all have great expectations for the future.A. UntilB. UnlessC. Now thatD. Even if参考答案:C7. Nature has provided Shangri-la with endless natural treasures, ______ the land a happy home for the local people.A. makingB. makesC.made D. to make参考答案:A8. —What a pity. I’ve not got a ticket for the football match tonight.—Don't worry. It’ll be broadcast _______.A. aliveB. livelyC. liveD. living参考答案:C考察形容词,live现场直播的;lively生动的活泼的alive或者的living活的句意为,不要担心,这场足球赛将会被现场直播。
2018—2019学年第二学期高二第一次月考语文试题【本试题分第Ⅰ卷(阅读题)和第Ⅱ卷(表达题)两部分。
满分150分,考试时间150分钟。
】第Ⅰ卷(阅读题共71分)一、现代文阅读(35分)(一)论述类文本阅读(9分,每小题3分)阅读下面的文字,完成1~3题。
花鸟画,是中国画中最富于民族文化特性的表现门类之一。
其描绘对象包括花卉、蔬果、草虫、六畜、走兽等各种动植物。
花鸟画的题材起源很早,在远古时代就随着人类文明的孕育而产生。
如新石器时代,彩陶上的纹样已有各式的花叶、鸟兽、虫鱼等。
商周时,青铜器、玉石雕刻上出现了龙凤玉蝉等更为复杂的形象。
东汉,陶仓楼上的壁画出现了一般认为最早的独幅花鸟画《双鸦栖树图》。
魏晋南北朝至隋唐,花鸟画逐渐独立成科,晚唐五代时已形成不同流派。
宋代是中国花鸟画的成熟和鼎盛期。
北宋前期,崔白对写意技法的拓展,让花鸟画得以进一步表达艺术家的灵性。
北宋后期,花鸟画进一步向工笔写实方向发展,笔法细腻娴熟,格调高雅,工笔花鸟画达到巅峰。
宋代在理学、文学、科技等领域的拓展,推动着艺术创作、人文交流与艺术鉴赏。
一方面,“格物”精神的倡扬,促进画家探究四时花草变化及自然形象背后所蕴含的生命意蕴;另一方面,苏轼、文同等文人士大夫社会地位提升、积极参与艺术活动,水墨花鸟因人文情怀的注入初步形成独特体系。
元代,诗、书、画、印开始融合,“作画贵有古意”“书画同源”的艺术主张,推动了花鸟画向更为注重笔墨、追求意趣的方向发展。
明清时期,徐渭、八大山人等将中国花鸟画的写意精神推向巅峰,加之逐渐形成的书画市场以及大众的审美需要,使花鸟画呈现出雅俗共赏的面貌。
花鸟画的民族文化原动力,是以花鸟拟人、表情的寓意性。
在它的推动下,中国花鸟画不断发展,在题材之外不断深化其原有的精神内蕴。
一方面不断充实自身以造应新时代的审美要求,另一方面又在潜移默化地塑造和陶冶人们的审美情趣。
花鸟画在演变和发展过程中,通过主观的诗性和文学性审美方式抒情达意、托物言志,形象地展现着中国人的宇宙观和自然观。
2020—2021学年第一学期高一月考英语试题【本试卷满分150分,考试时间120分钟】第Ⅰ卷(共100分)第一部分听力(共两节,满分20分,计入总分)第一节(共5小题,每小题1分,满分5分)听下面5段对话。
每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A,B,C三个选项中选择最佳选项,并标在试卷的相应位置。
听完每段对话后,你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。
每段对话仅读一遍。
1. Where does the man work probably?A. At a restaurant.B. At a store.C. At a hotel.2. What did the man do yesterday afternoon?A. He had fun with friends.B. He went to see a doctor.C. He called the woman.3. When will the train arrive?A. At 2:30 pm.B. At 3:00 pm.C. At 3:30 pm.4. What did the man think of his experience last night?A. Disappointing.B. Funny.C. Exciting.5. What are the speakers mainly talking about?A. Their hobbies.B. Their part-time jobs.C. Their favorite books.第二节(共15小题,每小题1分,满分15分)听下面5段对话或独白。
每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的A,B,C三个选项中选择最佳选项,并标在试卷的相应位置。
听每段对话或独白前,你将有时间阅读每个小题,每小题5秒钟,听完后,各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。
每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料,回答第6至7题。
2018—2019学年第一学期高二第一次月考英语试题【本试卷满分150分,考试时间120分钟】第Ⅰ卷(选择题共100分)第一部分听力(共两节,满分20分)第一节(共5小题,每小题1分,满分5分)听下面五段对话。
每段对话后有一个小题。
从题中所给的A,B,C三个选项选出最佳选项,并标在试卷的相应位置。
听完每段对话后,你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。
每段对话仅读一遍。
第二部分阅读理解(共两节,满分50分)第一节 (共15小题,每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)阅读下列短文,从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C 和 D)中,选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
ADo you want to get home from work knowing you have made a real difference in someone’s life?If yes,don’t care about sex or age! Come and join us, then you’ll make it!Position: Volunteer Social Care Assistant(No Pay with Free Meals)Place: ManchesterHours: Part TimeWe are now looking for volunteers to support people with learning disabilities to live active lives! Only 4 days left. Don’t miss the chance of lending your warm hands to help others!Role:You will provide people with learning disabilities with all aspects of their daily lives. You will help them to develop new skills. You will help them to protect their rights and their safety. But your primary concern is to let them know they are valued.Skills and Experience Required:You will have the right values and great listening skills. You will be honest and patient. You will have the ability to drive a car and to communicate in fluent written and spoken English since you’ll have to help th ose people with different learning disabilities. Previous care-related experience will be a great advantage for you.1. The text is meant to ________.A. leave a noteB. send an invitationC. present a documentD. carry an. advertisement2. What does the underlined part mean?A. You’ll make others’ lives more meaningful with this job.B. You’ll arrive home just in time from this job.C. You’ll earn a good salary from this job.D. You’ll succeed in getting this job.3. The volunteers’ primary responsib ility is to help people with learning disabilities ________.A. to get some financial supportB. to properly protect themselvesC. to learn some new living skillsD. to realize their own importance4. Which of the following can first be chosen as a volunteer?A. The one who can drive a car.B. The one who has done similar work before.C. The one who has patience to listen to others.D. The one who can use English to communicate.【答案】1. D 2. A 3. D 4. B【解析】试题分析:本文属于广告类文体。
山西省长治二中2020学年高一英语上学期第一次月考试卷(含解析)【本试卷满分150分,考试时间120分钟】第Ⅰ卷(选择题共100分)第一部分听力(共两节,满分20分)第一节(共5小题,每小题1分,满分5分)听下面5段对话。
每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A,B,C三个选项中选择最佳选项,并标在试卷的相应位置。
听完每段对话后,你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。
每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What’s the weather like now?A. WindyB. RainyC. Cloudy2. Where will the woman spend her honeymoon?A. In SpainB. In FranceC. In Italy3. What is the woman?A. A writerB. A waitressC. A publisher4. Who will the man give the school paper to?A. TedB. JaneC. The woman5. Where does the conversation take place?A. In an officeB. In a gymC. In a swimming pool第二节(共15小题,每小题1分,满分15分)听下面5段对话或独白。
每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的A,B,C三个选项中选择最佳选项,并标在试卷的相应位置。
听每段对话或独白前,你将有时间阅读每个小题,每小题5秒钟,听完后,各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。
每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料,回答第6至7题。
6. How heavy is the woman’s package?A. 4 kilosB. 5 kilosC. 6 kilos7. How much does the woman have to pay?A. 5 poundsB. 6 poundsC. 11 pounds听第7段材料,回答第8至9题。
- 1 - 2018-2019学年山西省长治二中高一下学期第一次月考 数学试题 ★祝考试顺利★ 注意事项: 1、答题前,请先将自己的姓名、准考证号用0.5毫米黑色签字笔填写在试题卷和答题卡上的相应位置,并将准考证号条形码粘贴在答题卡上的指定位置。用2B铅笔将答题卡上试卷类型A后的方框涂黑。 2、选择题的作答:每个小题选出答案后,用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。写在试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非选择题答题区域的答案一律无效。 3、主观题的作答:用签字笔直接答在答题卡上对应的答题区域内。写在试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域的答案一律无效。如需改动,先划掉原来的答案,然后再写上新答案;不准使用铅笔和涂改液。不按以上要求作答无效。 4、选考题的作答:先把所选题目的题号在答题卡上指定的位置用2B铅笔涂黑。答案用0.5毫米黑色签字笔写在答题卡上对应的答题区域内,写在试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非选修题答题区域的答案一律无效。 5、保持卡面清洁,不折叠,不破损,不得使用涂改液、胶带纸、修正带等。 6、考试结束后,请将本试题卷、答题卡、草稿纸一并依序排列上交。
一、选择题:本大题共12小题,每小题5分,共60分.在每小题给出的四个选项中,只有一项是符合题目要求的. 1.若点(3,4)P在角的终边上,则sin( )
A.35 B.35 C.45 D.45
2.5tan4( ) A. 22 B.22 C.1 D. 3.已知点(sin,tan)P在第二象限,则为( ) A.第一象限 B.第二象限 C.第三象限 D.第四象限
4.已知4cos5,且为第二象限角,那么tan( )
A.43 B.43 C.34 D.34 5.在下列函数中,图像关于坐标原点对称的是( ) A.lgyx B.sinyx C.cosyx D.yx 6.使不等式22sin0-x成立的x的取值集合是( ) - 2 -
2018-2019学年山西省长治市第二中学校高一下学期第二次月考数学试题一、单选题1.设{}n a 为等差数列,若232,3a a ==,则5a = A.4 B.5C.6D.7【答案】B【解析】根据23,a a 求出d ,进而求得5a . 【详解】设等差数列{}n a 公差为d则321d a a =-= 532325a a d ⇒=+=+= 本题正确选项:B 【点睛】本题考查等差数列基本量的计算,属于基础题.2.ABC 中,若a 1=,c 2=,B 60=,则ABC 的面积为( )A.12B.1【答案】C【解析】直接利用三角形的面积公式S 1AB BC sin602=⋅⋅计算求解. 【详解】由题得ABC 的面积11S AB BC sin602122=⋅⋅=⨯⨯=故选:C. 【点睛】本题主要考查三角形面积的计算,意在考查学生对该知识的理解掌握水平. 3.数列:1,13-,15,17-⋅⋅⋅⋅⋅⋅⋅的一个通项公式为( )A .(1)21nn a n -=-B .1(1)21n n a n +-=+C .(1)21nn a n -=+D .1(1)21n n a n --=- 【答案】D【解析】利用归纳法可得数列的一个通项公式.【详解】数列的前4项可改写为:11,13-,15,17-,其中负号交替出现,且分母为奇数,故通项可为1(1)21n n a n --=-,故选D.【点睛】本题考查数列的通项公式的求法,属于基础题,注意根据前若干项归纳出通项公式. 4.已知等差数列{}n a 的前n 项和为n S ,且满足32132S S -=,则数列{}n a 的公差是( ) A .12B .1C .2D .3【答案】C【解析】在题设条件32132S S -=的两边同时乘以6,然后借助前n 项和公式进行求解. 【详解】解:32132S S -=, 1132212(3)3(2)622a d a d ⨯⨯∴+-+=,1166636a d a d ∴+--=,2d ∴=.故选:C . 【点睛】本题考查等差数列的性质和应用,解题时要注意前n 项和公式的灵活运用,属于基础题.5.在△ABC 中,,BC=2,B =60°,则BC 边上的高等于( )A .B C D 【答案】B 【解析】【详解】由正弦定理可得2sin ,cossin 60sin 77A A A =⇒===,所以sin sin()sin cos cos sin C A B A B A B =+=+=,则BC 边上的高142h C ===,应选答案B.点睛:解答本题的思路是先运用正弦定理求出cos 7A =,再运用两角和的正弦公式求得sin 14C =,再解直角三角形可求得三角形的高h C ==,从而使得问题获解.6.已知等差数列{}n a 的前n 项和为n S ,且满足3613S S =,则69SS =( ) A .12B .1C .2D .52【答案】A【解析】利用等差数列前n 项和的性质可求69S S 的值. 【详解】因为{}n a 为等差数列,所以36396,,S S S S S --成等差数列, 设()30S a a =≠,则63S a =,故632S S a -=,所以963S S a -=, 所以96S a =,故6912S S =,故选A. 【点睛】一般地,如果{}n a 为等差数列,n S 为其前n 项和,则有性质:(1)若,,,*,m n p q N m n p q ∈+=+,则m n p q a a a a +=+; (2)()1,1,2,,2k n k n n a a S k n +-+== 且()2121n n S n a -=- ;(3)2n S An Bn =+且n S n ⎧⎫⎨⎬⎩⎭为等差数列; (4)232,,,n n n n n S S S S S -- 为等差数列.7.已知数列{}n a 中,1112,(2)1n n a a n a -==-≥- ,则2019a =( )A .2-B .12-C .12D .2【答案】C【解析】利用{}n a 为周期数列可得2019a 的大小. 【详解】 因为1112,(2)1n n a a n a -==-≥-,所以21a =-,312a =,42a =, 所以{}n a 是周期为3的周期数列,故2019312a a ==,故选C. 【点睛】本题考查数列的周期性,属于基础题.8.若两个等差数列{}{},n n a b 的前n 项和分别为,n n S T ,对任意的n *∈N 都有2143n n S n T n -=-,则426a b b +的值是( ) A .1 B .1350C .12D .14【答案】B【解析】利用等差数列的性质和前n 项和的性质可求426a b b +的值. 【详解】因为{}{},n n a b 都是等差数列,故264=2b b b +,且74747,7S a T b ==, 所以()74426472711322247154S a a b b b T ⨯-====+⨯-,故选B.【点睛】一般地,如果{}n a 为等差数列,n S 为其前n 项和,则有性质:(1)若,,,*,m n p q N m n p q ∈+=+,则m n p q a a a a +=+; (2)()1,1,2,,2k n k n n a a S k n +-+== 且()2121n n S n a -=- ;(3)2n S An Bn =+且n S n ⎧⎫⎨⎬⎩⎭为等差数列; (4)232,,,n n n n n S S S S S -- 为等差数列.9.已知数列{an}的通项公式为an =则数列{an}中的最大项为( )A .B .C .D .【答案】A【解析】解法一 a n +1-a n =(n +1) n +1-nn=·n,当n <2时,a n +1-a n >0,即a n +1>a n ; 当n =2时,a n +1-a n =0,即a n +1=a n ; 当n >2时,a n +1-a n <0,即a n +1<a n . 所以a 1<a 2=a 3,a 3>a 4>a 5>…>a n ,所以数列{a n }中的最大项为a 2或a 3,且a 2=a 3=2×2=.故选A.解法二 ==,令>1,解得n <2;令=1,解得n =2;令<1,解得n >2.又a n >0,故a 1<a 2=a 3,a 3>a 4>a 5>…>a n ,所以数列{a n }中的最大项为a 2或a 3,且a 2=a 3=2×2=.故选A.10.在△ABC 中,角A ,B ,C 的对边分别为a ,b ,c ,若2b cos C -2c cos B =a ,且B =2C ,则△ABC 的形状是( ) A .等腰直角三角形 B .直角三角形 C .等腰三角形 D .等边三角形 【答案】B【解析】∵2b cos C -2c cos B =a ,∴2sin B cos C -2sin C cos B =sin A =sin(B +C ),即sin B cos C =3cos B sin C ,∴tan B =3tan C , 又B =2C ,∴=3tan C ,得tan C =,C =,B =2C =,A =,故△ABC 为直角三角形. 故选B.11.等差数列{}n a 的前n 项和为n S ,公差为d ,已知388(1)2019(1)a a +++=1,320122012(1)2019(1)1a a +++=- ,则下列结论正确的是( )A .20190,2019d S <=B .20190,2019d S >=C .20190,2019d S >=-D .20190,2019d S <=-【解析】由题设有()()8201211f a f a +>+且()()8201211f a f a +=-+,再利用函数()32019f x x x =+的单调性和奇偶性得到2012811a a +=--,且2012811a a +<--,再利用等差数列的定义和等差数列前n 项和的性质可得公差的正负和2019S . 【详解】因为()32019f x x x =+是R 上的单调增函数,也是R 上的奇函数,而()()2201811f a f a +=-+且()()2201811f a f a +>+,所以2201811a a +=--且2201811a a +>+,所以0d <且220182a a +=-, 而220182019201920192a a S +=⨯=-,故选D. 【点睛】本题考查了函数的奇偶性、单调性的应用以及等差数列的前n 项和的性质,属于中档题. 12.已知外接圆半径为6的ABC ∆的三边为,,,a b c 4sin sin 3B C +=,ABC ∆面积为S ,且222S b c a =+-,则面积S 的最大值为( )A .17B C D 【答案】C【解析】利用正弦定理可得16b c +=,再根据面积公式和余弦定理可得tan 4A =,利用同角的三角函数的基本关系式可得sin A ,最后利用基本不等式可得bc 的最大值,从而可得面积的最大值. 【详解】因为外接圆的半径为6R =,所以4sin sin 3B C +=可化为: 2sin 2sin 16R B R C +=,即16b c +=,由余弦定理可得22212cos sin 2b c a bc A bc A +-==,因0bc >,故4cos sin A A =,即tan 4A =,而()0,A π∈,故sin A =,由16b c +=可以得到16≥,故64bc ≤,当且仅当8b c ==时等号成立,所以max 16421717S =⨯⨯=,故选C.本题考查解三角形中的正弦定理、余弦定理、面积公式以及基本不等式,属于中档题.二、填空题13.若等差数列{}n a 的通项公式12n a n =-,则其公差d =____. 【答案】-2【解析】利用等差数列的定义可求公差. 【详解】因为{}n a 为等差数列且12n a n =-,所以()1121222n n d a a n n -=-=---+=-, 所以公差为2-,填2-. 【点睛】本题考查等差数列的定义,属于容易题.14.在ABC ∆中,已知,,A B C 成等差数列,且3b =,则sin sin sin a b cA B C++++=____.【答案】【解析】先算出B ,再利用正弦定理可得2R ,最后利用等比定理可得所求的值. 【详解】因为,,A B C 成等差数列且A B C π++=,所以3B =π即3B π=,所以外接圆的直径2sin b R B ===, 由正弦定理2sin sin sin a b c R A B C===可得2sin sin sin a b cR A B C ++==++填【点睛】本题考查正弦定理,属于基础题.15.如图,为测量山高MN ,选择A 和另一座山的山顶C ,从A 点测得M 点的仰角为60︒,从A 点测得C 点的仰角为45︒,且75MAC ∠=︒,60MCA ∠=︒,200BC m =,则MN =____m .【答案】300【解析】在等腰直角三角ABC中计算可得AC =,分别在MAC ∆利用正弦定理和直角三角形MNA 中利用解直角三角形可得MN 的长度. 【详解】在等腰直角三角ABC 中,因为45CAB ∠=︒,200BC =,所以AC =. 在MAC ∆中,由正弦定理有sin sin AM ACMCA AMC=∠∠,而=45AMC ∠︒,=,故AN 在直角三角形MNA中,300MN m ==.填300. 【点睛】本题考查正弦定理的应用,属于基础题,注意本题的图形是空间图形.三、解答题16.已知数列{}n a 的前n 和为n S ,且满足120n n n a S S -⋅+=(2)n ≥,112a =,则n a =____.【答案】1(1)21(2)2(1)n n a n n n ⎧=⎪⎪=⎨⎪-≥-⎪⎩ 【解析】把120n n n a S S -⋅+=转化为1120n n n n S S S S --⋅-+=,求出{}n S 的通项后可求{}n a 的通项. 【详解】因为120n n n a S S -⋅+=,所以1120n n n n S S S S --⋅-+=,即1112n n S S --=,所以1n S ⎧⎫⎨⎬⎩⎭是首项为2,公差为2的等差数列,所以()12122n n n S =+-⨯=,故12n S n=, 所以11(1)(1)22=111(2)(2)22(1)2(1)n n n a n n n n n n ⎧⎧==⎪⎪⎪⎪=⎨⎨⎪⎪-≥-≥--⎪⎪⎩⎩. 【点睛】数列的通项{}n a 与前n 项和n S 的关系式11,1,2n nn S n a S S n -=⎧=⎨-≥⎩,我们常利用这个关系式实现{}n a 与n S 之间的相互转化.17.已知数列{}n a 的前n 项和为2230n S n n =-. (1)求出它的通项公式; (2)求使得n S 最小时n 的值.【答案】(1)432n a n =-;(2)7n =或8 【解析】(1)利用1n n n a S S -=-可求{}n a 的通项. (2)利用二次函数的性质可求n S 的最小值. 【详解】(1)当1n =时,1128a S ==-; 当2n ≥时,1n n n a S S -=-22(230)2(1)30(1)n n n n ⎡⎤=-----⎣⎦432n =-1a 也适合此式,432n a n ∴=-.(2)22152252302()22n S n n n =-=--又因为n 是正整数,所以当7n =或8时,n S 最小. 【点睛】数列的通项{}n a 与前n 项和n S 的关系式11,1,2n n n S n a S S n -=⎧=⎨-≥⎩,我们常利用这个关系式实现{}n a 与n S 之间的相互转化.而n S 可表示为2n S An Bn =+,因此可利用二次函数的图像和性质来讨论其最值.18.如图,在ABC △中,ACB ∠为钝角,2AB =,BC =π6A =,D 为AC 延长线上一点,且1CD =.(1)求BCD ∠的大小. (2)求BD ,AC 的长.【答案】(1)π4BCD ∠=.(2)2BD =,1AC =.【解析】试题分析:(Ⅰ)利用正弦定理求出sin 2ACB ∠=,再根据因为ACB ∠为钝角,求出角的大小;(Ⅱ)在△BCD 中,由余弦定理可求BD 的长,然后再用余弦定理即可求出AC 的长.试题解析:解:(Ⅰ)在ABC 中,因为π2,6AB A ==,BC = 由正弦定理可得sin sin AB BCACB A=∠,即2π1sin sin 62ACB ===∠所以sin ACB ∠=. 因为ACB ∠为钝角,所以3π4ACB ∠=. 所以π4BCD ∠=. 7分 (Ⅱ)在△BCD 中,由余弦定理可知2222cos BD CB DC CB DC BCD =+-⋅⋅∠,即222π1)21)cos 4BD =+-⋅, 整理得2BD =.在△ABC 中,由余弦定理可知2222cos BC AB AC AB AC A =+-⋅⋅,即222π222cos6AC AC =+-⋅⋅⋅,整理得220AC -+=.解得1AC =.因为ACB ∠为钝角,所以2AC AB <=.所以1AC =.14分.【考点】1.正弦定理的应用;2.余弦定理的应用.19.已知单调递减数列{}n a 的前n 项和为n S ,且112(2)n n n a a a n -+=+≥,22144024.a a S -==,(1)求n a ,;n S(2)求123.n a a a a +++⋅⋅⋅⋅+【答案】(1)2112,10n n a n S n n =-=-+;(2)当6n ≥时,和为21050n n -+;当5n ≤时,和为210n n -+.【解析】(1)先判断出{}n a 为等差数列,再求出1,a d 可得数列的通项.(2)就5n ≤和6n ≥分别求和(去掉绝对值符号后)即可,【详解】解:(1)因为112(2)n n n a a a n -+=+≥,所以{}n a 为等差数列.设等差数列的公差为(0)d d <,则()2111404624a d a a d ⎧+-=⎪⎨+=⎪⎩,解得192a d =⎧⎨=-⎩或1242a d =-⎧⎨=-⎩(舍). 所以2112,10.n n a n S n n =-=-+(2)当5n ≤时,212312310n n n a a a a a a a a S n n +++⋅⋅⋅⋅+=+++⋅⋅⋅⋅+==-+,当6n ≥时,12355()n n a a a a S S S +++⋅⋅⋅⋅+=--25250(10)n S S n n =-=--+21050.n n =-+【点睛】等差数列或等比数列的处理有两类基本方法:(1)利用基本量即把数学问题转化为关于基本量的方程或方程组,再运用基本量解决与数列相关的问题;(2)利用数列的性质求解即通过观察下标的特征和数列和式的特征选择合适的数列性质处理数学问题.另外,对于等差数列{}n a 及其前n 项和n S ,若求{}n a 的前n 项和n T ,则需要就n a 分类讨论,把n T 转化为n S 的问题.20.在ABC 中,内角A ,B ,C 的对边分别为a ,b ,c ,已知()()()sin sin sin sin A B a b C B c +-=-.()1求A ;()2已知2a =,ABCABC 求的周长. 【答案】(1)3π;(2)【解析】(1)在ABC ∆中,由正弦定理及题设条件,化简得1cos 2A =,即可求解。
2018—2019学年第二学期高一第一次月考 英语试题 【本试卷满分150分,考试时间120分钟】 第Ⅰ卷(选择题 共100分) 第一部分 听力(共两节,满分20分) 第一节(共5小题,每小题1分,满分5分) 听下面五段对话。每段对话后有一个小题。从题中所给的A, B, C三个选项选出最佳选项,并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后,你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. What is Miss Green? A. A teacher. B. A student. C. A doctor. 2. What is the woman going to do? A. Write another paper. B. Read the paper again. C. Hand in the paper at once. 3. Where are the speakers? A. In a shop. B. In a restaurant. C. In a bookstore. 4. When does the woman have to get to the airport? A. At 8:15 pm. B. At 8: 45 pm. C. At 9:00pm. 5. Why does the girl want an Mp5 player? A. She can learn English with it. B. She wants to watch films with it. C. She wants to listen to music with it. 第二节 (共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有几个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项,并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话前,你将有时间阅读各个小题,每小题5秒钟;听完后,各小题给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话读两遍。 听第6段材料,回答第6至8题。 6. Where will the man have Chinese food? A. On the first floor. B. On the second floor. C. On the third floor. 7. What are the hours for dinner at the Chinese restaurant? A. From 5:00pm to 9:00pm. B. From 5:00pm to 9:30 pm. C. From 5:30pm to 9:00 pm. 8. How long is the lunch time at the Chinese restaurant? A. Two hours. B. Two and a half hours. C. Three hours. 听第7段材料,回答第9至11题。 9. When does the conversation take place? A. In the morning. B. In the afternoon. C. In the evening. 10. What did the man think of his experience? A. Boring and tiring. B. Interesting but tiring. C. Exciting but tiring. 11. What did the man do in the afternoon? A. He visited some classes. B. He danced with some kids. C. He taught some kids English. 听第8段材料,回答第12至14题。 12. How much money does the man make a month? A. About $1200. B. About $2000. C. About $ 3200. 13. What is the woman’s opinion? A. The man’s parents should give him money. B. The man’s parents should lend him money. C. The man should pay the money back to his parents. 14. When did the man move out of his parents’ house? A. At 16. B. At 17. C. At 18. 听第9段材料,回答第15至17题。 15. Why did the man fail his final examination? A. He was careless. B. He wasn’t well prepared for it. C. He was absent from many classes. 16. What does the woman advise the man to do at first? A. Work hard at his lessons. B. Go to the cinema together. C. Watch movies at her house. 17. What can we know from the conversation? A. The man will leave school. B. The man will get up early tomorrow. C. The man doesn’t like watching movies. 听第10段材料,回答第18至20题。 18. What is Joe afraid of? A. Dogs. B. Snakes. C. Cows. 19. How does the speaker feel when he hears the phone ring? A. Upset. B. Excited. C. Surprised. 20. Why does the speaker say he is lucky at work? A. He can use e-mails instead of telephones. B. There is no telephone in his office. C. His assistant answers the phone for him. 第二部分 阅读理解(共两节,满分50分) 第一节 (共15小题,每小题2.5分,满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文,从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C 和 D)中,选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 A Information of Peabody Museum Hours The Peabody Museum is open seven days a week from 9 am to 5 pm. It is closed on Thanksgiving Day, Christmas Eve, Christmas Day, and New Year’ s Day. Admission General admission includes the Peabody Museum and the Harvard Museum of Natural History because of their location. That is to say, the admission to one museum admits you to both during regular hours. Adults: $12.00 Former Harvard students with ID: $10.00 Children aged 3-18: $8.00 Children under 3: Free Free for members Special reduced rates for groups are available with advance reservations. If you are Harvard College & University classes, please contact pmresearch@fas.harvard.edu to get the free admission. Special Free Admission (with valid ID) Free to holders of a current Harvard ID (+1 guest); Harvard Museums of Science & Culture members, and Harvard Art Museums members. Free to Massachusetts residents (居民) every Sunday morning (year-round) from 9 am to 12 pm and on Wednesdays from 3 pm to 5 pm (September through May). Proof of residency required. This offer isn't available to commercial groups. Additional information Boston and Cambridge libraries are among the dozens of public libraries in Massachusetts that have museum passes available for $6 admission to the Peabody Museum of Archaeology & Ethnology and the Harvard Museum of Natural History. You can apply for the passes by contacting publiclibraries@massachusetts.com. Not valid(有效的) for group, institutional, or corporate visits, and cannot be combined with any other offers. 21. What can we know about the Peabody Museum from the passage? A. It is well-known because of its location. B. It is benefited by the location of another museum. C. It is close to the Harvard Museum of Natural History. D. It is managed by the Harvard Museum of Natural History. 22. How much will a couple with their teenage son pay to visit the museum? A. $20.00 B. $24.00 C. $32.00 D. $36.00 23. If you are a local person in Massachusetts, you _____. A. need to pay only $6 for visiting the museum B. can bring a guest into the museum for free C. can visit the museum in a special period of time for free D. need to show a valid ID for a free visit on weekdays B A woman would do anything if it meant saving her family. When Karen Klein and her family were in trouble, she knew she had to find help. Klein and her husband Eric were on their way to the Grand Canyon National Park with their son. Because it snowed, one of the main roads was closed and their GPS showed them another route through the park’s service roads. However, the family's car ended up sliding into a ditch (沟) when they drove down the road covered by snow. Klein knew that few people would pass by since the road was so secluded, and it was snowing so hard. She knew they would have to get to the major highway to find help before it was too late. Klein was an athlete who had taken wilderness survival classes, and volunteered to go. However, when she got to the nearby highway, it had also been closed because of the snow. She kept hiking to the park’s entrance. For the next 30 hours, Klein hiked 26 miles alone through the storm and wilderness, and when she ran out of food she ate pine branches. At one point, she almost collapsed(崩溃) but struggled to pick herself up again. She took her shoe off to get ice out, but couldn’t get it back on, so she had to walk the final four miles without it.