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How To Make Yourself Indispensable At Work and Avoid Getting Laid OffHow to make yourself indispensable(不可缺少的) at work and avoid getting laid off? No one is ____1____ (免疫的) to getting the axe(被解雇) – especially in an economic downturn. But you can certainly lower your chances. You will need: loyalty, reliability(可靠性), problem-solving abilities, revenue-producing capabilities, a pleasant personality, and flexibility(灵活性).Step 1: Demonstrate loyaltyBe ____2____ (有声的) about your commitment(许诺) to your place of employment. Eighty-five percent of CEOs surveyed ranked loyalty as the employee ____3____ (品质) they most admired.Step 2: Make your boss' life easierMake your boss’ life easier. Complete tasks reliably; ____4____ (超过，先于……) their needs; be a self-starter; consistently exceed ____5____ (期望).Tip: Don’t go to your boss with problems; bring them solutions.Step 3: Save the company moneyIf your job is to make the company money, step up your efforts. If you’re not in a revenue-producing position, find ways to save the company money.Step 4: Be a team playerBe a pleasure to work with. Being liked and respected by your ____6____ (同事) is almost as important as having the boss’ ____7____ (承认，赞美).Step 5: Go with the flowBe flexible. Employees who can ____8____ (适应于) change are not only considered more valuable, but have a better chance of surviving a reorganization.Step 6: Be someone you'd want to keepBe the kind of employee you’d want to ____9____ (保留) in a downturn. What’smore sensible than that?Did you know? Employees with a strong work ethic(职业道德) are more valuable to employers than those with a high IQ, according to one survey.答案1. immune 2. vocal 3. trait 4. anticipate 5. expectations 6. colleagues7. approval 8. adapt to 9. retainHow to Study for a Long Time without Getting BoredHow to study for a long time without getting bored? Facts and figures starting to blend together in a horrible haze(迷惑，迷雾)? Here’s how to keep from getting lost in brain space. You will need: quite, creativity, a shower and imagination. Optional: a nap.Step 1: Eradicate(摧毁，根除) distractionsEnter a fortress(堡垒) of solitude — research shows that low-level distractions can make a task feel boring. Hide your cellphone, tell your online social network to de-friend you instantly if they see you log in, and seal yourself in a quiet room.Tip: If you’re planning a really long cramming(填鸭式的) session, break it up with a nap. One study found an hour’s worth of shut-eye can increase your ability to focus.Step 2: Embrace your emotionsEmotional entanglement distracting you? Admit how you’re feeling, even out loud — those who can identify how they feel often have better focus.Step 3: Engage yourselfDon’t just take notes; engage with the material creatively. Invent a song about the topic at hand, or recreate historical events and fictional plotlines. It’s easier to stay interested when you make the material come alive.Step 4: Take a showerStudied so long you’ve stopped absorbing material? Take a shower — thechange of pace will stimulate your mind and help refresh your body.Step 5: Make up a challengeMake a game out of your work to stave off boredom. Try to score higher and higher throughout your study session, and be sure to reward your triumphs. You’ve ea rned it!Did you know? In 2009, a study found that nearly 50 percent of college freshmen that drink spent more time drinking than studying.How to Write the Conclusion of an EssayIf you’ve toiled(长时间或辛苦地工作) through an essay but lack the ____1____ (蒸汽动力) to write a convincing(有说服力的) conclusion, these tips will help crank out(制成) that last paragraph in a snap(立刻，马上).You will need: the thesis statement(陈述), a list of the main points, and confidence in your ideas.Step 1: Transition from last body paragraphWrite a transition sentence(过渡句) from the last body paragraph that brings the reader back to your ____2____ (最初的) argument.Step 2: Restate thesisRestate(重述) your thesis in a ____3____ (稍微地) different way by showing how the main points of your essay either ____4____ (证明) or disprove(反驳) your thesis statement.Tip: Be careful not to introduce any new arguments in your conclusion.Step 3: Synthesize main pointsSynthesize(综合) or ____5____ (改变，改造) your main points by showing how they relate to each other in a larger ____6____ (上下文，语境). Go for the big picture!Step 4: Avoid summarizingAvoid simply summarizing your essay or ____7____ (臆断) the reader has made all the connections. Be blatant(明显的) and clear in your explanations.Step 5: Be confidentBe confident in your ideas and don’t ____8____ (削弱) yourself or think you need to apologize for any mistakes in your theory.Tip: Remember, the reader only knows as much as you tell them in the essay: you are ____9____ (控制，掌握) the argument.Step 6: Finish with a quoteFinish with a quote or restatement from your introduction or the body of your essay. Feel confident that you now know how to write a convincing conclusion!Did you know? The average cost of a college education climbed to a new record high of $26,273 for the 2009-2010 school year.答案1. steam 2. original 3. slightly 4. prove 5. transform 6. context 7. assuming 8. undercut 9. in control ofHow to Practice Positive ThinkingA few simple attitude ____1____ (调整) can make you happier and healthier. Here’s how to harness(利用) the power of positivity.You will need: optimism, visualisation, happy friends, and gratitude journal.Step 1: Be an optimistExpect things to work out. ____2____ (乐观主义者) have reason to be cheery: studies have shown optimists are more successful and healthier than_____3___ (悲观主义者).Step 2: Look at the bright sideInstead of focusing on the ____4____ (消极的), try to find something positive in every negative situation. This will train your brain and help positive thinkingcome more naturally to you.Step 3: Visualize successPicture yourself succeeding at ____5____ (具挑战性的) events. Visualizing yourself as strong and ____6____ (胜利的) primes(使准备好) you to make it happen — which is why athletes have been using this trick for years.Tip: The more vivid the imagery, the likelier it will work. So ____7____ (使忙于) all your senses in the fantasy — smell, taste, feel, sounds.Step 4: Catch happinessSurround yourself with happy people. It’s easier to stay positive when you’re with other cheerful ____8____ (大伙儿) — some research indicates happiness is contagious(具有转染性的).Step 5: Count your blessingsWrite down five things that you’re grateful for every single day. ____9____ (移植) patients who did this reported more energy and a deeper sense of well-being.Did you know? Norman Vincent Peale, the author of The Power of Positive Thinking, lived to be 95.答案1. adjustments 2. Optimists 3. pessimists 4. negative 5. challenging6. triumphant7. engage8. folks9. TransplantHow To Get the Most Out Of Your InternshipYou don’t have to spend your ____1____ (实习期) at the copy machine praying for the day to end. Jump in with both feet to make it more than just a line on your ____2____ (简历).You will need: an interest in the company, goals, and initiative(主动性).Step 1: Take an interestTake an interest in the company you will be working for. ____3____ (在……之前)the start of your internship, read up on their history, their work, and their goals.Step 2: Set goalsSet goals for what you’d like to ____4____ (完成) or learn during your internship. This will give you something to ____5____ (奋斗) while you are there.Tip: Make sure your internship supervisor(监管者) is aware of any academic(学术上的) requirements or standards that you must meet during the course of your work.Step 3: Arrive earlyArrive early, and if they need the help, stay late. ____6____ (对待) your internship like a real job, even if you are not being paid for the work you do.Step 4: Relish the mundaneRelish(享受) mundane(平淡的) tasks like photocopying or filing as though they were much more interesting than they actually are. This will help you do a better, faster job so you can move on to bigger things.Step 5: Show willingnessShow willingness to learn new skills and initiative to ____7____ (承担) projects beyond the mundane. Don’t wait for someone to hand you something interesting — ask for it.Step 6: Acquire take-awaysAcquire ____8____ (确凿的，有形的) take-aways, such as completed projects that you can use for your portfolio(文件夹) and the e-mail addresses and phone numbers of co-workers or supervisors who can give you references(证明，推荐) in the future.Step 7: Get creditGet college credit or ____9____ (应用) the internship toward your degree requirements if these options are available.Did you know? Many famous people, including Brooke Shields, Steven Spielberg, Bill Gates, and Frank Lloyd Wright, completed internships before rising to stardom(走运的阶段).答案1. internship 2. resume 3. Prior to 4. accomplish 5. strive for6. treat7. take on8. tangible9. applyHow Can I Look More Confident?Step 1: Speak to inner gremlinsGet rid of those negative(消极的) thoughts that make you seem more shy and self-conscious(忸怩的，难为情的). Telling yourself that you are great will reflect in your body language.Step 2: Realign postureWhen you feel shy, you tend to curl up(精神上垮掉) and do barrier gestures, which make your posture seem more negative. Stretch up(伸直) to your full height, bring your shoulders back and down, arch(拱) your back slightly and make sure your weight is evenly(均匀地) divided on both feet.Step 3: StressStress can tighten(收紧) jaw muscles, creating a rigid mouth which can affect your speech. Pressing the tip of your tongue into the roof of your mouth will relax your jaw and make your face look more relaxed.Step 4: GesturesUse more open and emphatic gestures and stop using body barriers(障碍), such as folded arms and legs and other fiddling and self-comforting gestures. Stand with your hands down around waist height, using them to gesticulate rather than fiddle.Step 5: Denial gesturesCombat the small little facial gestures, such as little shrugs(耸肩) and rolling of eyes that take the confidence out of your speech, especially when talking about yourself.Step 6: Eye contactIncrease eye contact, look a little bit longer when talking to people, but don't turn it into a stare(凝视，瞪视) because a stare looks aggressive.How to mend a friendshipDisagreements with your best friend will happen from time to time. Take the initiative(采取主动，带头) and mend a missed and broken friendship. You will need: communication, sympathy and time.Step 1: Assess situationAssess(评估) the situation and figure out what went wrong.Step 2: Reach outBe humble(谦逊的) and reach out to your lost friend. Write a letter, send a card or an email, and invite them to talk or get together.Tip: Be patient and wait for a response(回应). Your friend may not be ready to mend the friendship.Step 3: Express your feelingsExpress your feelings about the situation that broke the friendship. Be honest, calm, and polite.Step 4: ApologizeApologize to your friend. If you feel you did not cause the broken friendship, take the initiative and apologize for how you reacted.Step 5: Be sympatheticBe sympathetic(赞同的，支持的) to your friend’s point of view.Step 6: Acknowledge changeAcknowledge(承认) and accept that your friendship may never be the same.Step 7: Cherish your friendshipCherish(珍爱) your friendship and make time to grow and keep your connections strong.Did you know? Depression will affect approximately(将近) 1/4 of all women and 1/8 of all men at least once in their lifetime.How to spend quality time with your parents?Hanging out(出去一起玩) with the folks can be fun. Really. Trust us. You will need: an open mind, a project, event or activity, and a positive(正面的，积极的) attitude.Step 1: Do something activeDo something active. Take a hike(远足) together, go cycling, rent some Jet Skis(水上摩托). Exercis e increases the brain’s production of endorphins(内啡肽), the feel-good chemicals(化学物质), putting everyone in a good mood.Step 2: Try something newTry something new and preferably(更适宜) daring(大胆的). Research shows that sharing a new experience—especially o ne that’s a little scary—helps people bond(粘合).Step 3: Play a team gamePlay a game where the family can divide into teams—like you and your dad against your mom and brother in a game of bowling(保龄球), tennis, or golf. Rooting for(支持) the same side is a great equalizer(平衡器).Tip:Ask your parents about their past. It’s a safe subject that they’ll warmto(对……起劲); plus, it will remind you that your parents were once young, too.Step 4: Laugh with each otherLaugh with each other. Rent a few comedies, take in some stand-up(以说笑为主的) acts, or just exchange funny family stories around the dinner table. Psychologists(心理学家) who have researched laughter say that it builds strong connections.Step 5: Play cardsPlay cards together. According to one study, you can learn more about a person in one game of cards than you could on 12 dates. Imagine what insights you could gain into people you’ve known your whole life!Did you know? According to one poll, 67% of American teens say they want to spend more time with their parents.For April Fool's Day: how to make a prank phone callStep 1: Have a planOutline(列提纲) your basic scam(花招). Are you going to call businesses or individuals? What are you planning to tell them or ask them? Try to anticipate(预估) their respo nses so you don’t get tongue-tied.Step 2: Know the lawKnow the law. It’s illegal(违法的) to prank(恶作剧) call government officials, the police, the fire department, or an ambulance service; you can’t pose as(装作) a fireman, policeman, terrorist, or criminal; you can’t make threats; and you can’t slander(诽谤) a business or product.Step 3: PracticeDo a few dry runs(演习) with a friend. It will help you prepare by giving you an idea of how your target(目标人物) may respond.Step 4: Block your caller I.D.Before d ialing, hit *67 so your phone number doesn’t appear on the victim’s caller I.D.Step 5: Hook them inPeople are quick to hang up on a stranger, so hook them into staying on the line by suggesting there’s something in it for them—a quiz prize, a reward, or a big order (if you’re phoning a business).Step 6: Bide your timeRelax your mark with a few softballs(垒球) before you throw them a curve(曲线球). If you’re pretending to take a survey(调查), ask, ―What laundry detergent(洗衣剂) do you use?‖ before you hit them with, ―Does it remove your crap-in-the-pants stains?‖Step 7: Have convictionHave conviction. If you call a dog groomer(小狗看护员) and ask if he’ll give your children a bath, sound sincere as you present your arguments—the kids will love it, they’re too d irty to wash in the tub, you think they have fleas(跳蚤).Step 8: Don’t push itDon’t push it. If the person tells you they are going to call the cops(警察), believe them and hang up.How to walk in high heelsIt’s not as easy as you think, girls! host Stephanie Simons shows you how to own the walk and turn heads.Step 1: Posture(姿态)Stomach in, buttocks(臀部) out, shoulders backStep 2: Land on ball of foot(大脚趾后方的趾关节)For balance do not step on toe or heelStep 3: Use thigh(大腿) muscles for liftFeel them contracting(收缩) as you walkStep 4: Put one foot in front of the otherDon’t walk with your feet parallel(平行的)How to keep a conversation goingHere are pointers(忠告) to help fill those awkward(尴尬的) silences. You might be surprised by what someone has to say once you get them to open up. You will need: Interest, Listening Skills, Eye Contact (眼神接触), Enthusiasm(热情), Open-ended Questions(开放式结尾的问题), and Humility(谦逊).Step 1: Encourage talkingEncourage someone to talk about themselves by asking q uestions like, ―What do you do for a living?‖ or ―What kinds of movies do you like?‖Tip: People are flattered(被奉承，感觉高兴) by someone’s interest and like to talk about themselves.Step 2: Show interestDisplay an interest in a wide range of topics.Step 3: Listen quietlyListen quietly and maintain eye contact. The more trusted and sensitive their audience, the more willing people are to open up and engage(参与).Tip: Avoid being intrusive(擅闯的), prying(乱打听的), or gossipy(碎嘴的).Step 4: Respond enthusiasticallyRespond enthusiastically(热情地) to comments to keep someone talking. Keep your enthusiasm sounds genuine(真诚的).Step 5: Encourage further conversationEncourage further conversation by asking who, what, why, when, where, and how questions, like: ―What did you do?‖ and ―When was this?‖Keep it low key(音调), so it doesn’t feel like you’re interrogating(审问，质问).Step 6: Don't be afraid to admit your ignoranceDon’t be afraid to admit your ignorance(无知) when discussing a topic. That gives the other person an opportunity to show their knowledge of the subject.Did you know? Francis Ford Coppola’s 1974 film, The Conversation, lost the Oscar to his other nominated film that year, The Godfather, Part II.How to get a girlfriendFirst impressions are everything, so get your phone ringing with these tips. You will need: a haircut, a shower, deodorant(除臭剂), cologne(古龙水), a toothbrush, dental floss(牙线), mouthwash(漱口水), a job, and manners.Step 1: Practice good groomingLook your best. Don’t dress sloppily(不整洁地), be conscious of the latest trends(流行趋势), and get a fashionable haircut.Step 2: Be hygienicMaintain good hygiene(卫生). Shower daily, wear deodorant, and finish with a splash of cologne. Brush and floss regularly and rinse(冲洗) with mouthwash. Quit smoking. Now.Step 3: Take it slowDon’t be too aggressive. Show interest, but don’t call everyday, or at all hours. You don’t want to become obsessive(执着于心) or scare her away.Step 4: Establish common interestsEstablish common interests. Unless you’re a ma gnet(磁铁), opposites don’t really attract. Find shared interests and focus on them. You’ve got to talk about something.Step 5: ListenListen. Don’t yammer(说无聊话) on about yourself. Take a sincere interest in what she has to say and show your interest by making frequent eye contact. Keep up with current affairs to engage in interesting conversation.Step 6: Hold a jobHave a steady job, unless you’re a full-time student. Research indicates that women look for stability and security in a long-term relationship.Step 7Be polite, courteous(彬彬有礼的), and chivalrous(侠士风度的). No one has ever been turned-off by too much respect.Did you know? Oily skin holds the scent of fragrances(香味) longer than dry skin.。