英文翻译

英文翻译所属系土木工程系专业工程管理（房地产方向）学号 02211160姓名杜宇指导教师刁旋起讫日期 2014.2 --- 2014.6设计地点东南大学成贤学院LEGAL ISSUES OF INTEGRATED NETWORK FOR CONSTRUCTION ANDREAL ESTATE SECTOR建设和房地产行业综合网络的法律问题Yue Choong KOG（中英文完全分开，不要分段翻译）中岳 KOGPresident主席East West Engineering Consultants华美工程顾问ABSTRACT摘要In Singapore, one of the most important steps in the overall information technology strategy for the construction and real estate sector is the development of an integrated network for the sector to cover the entire life cycle of any development. It is the first of its kind in the world. The productivity and competitiveness of the construction and real estate sector have been greatly enhanced through the introduction and implementation of the adopted integrated network since 2002. Some of the legal issues related to the integrated network are global trading, contract enforceability, liability risks, security breaches and intellectual properties protection (IPR), a lack of alignment in jurisdictions, confidentiality, legal liability, and service dependency risks. The paper addresses online security and legal issues related to the integrated network for the sector to establish trust and confidence among the end users of the system. Some of the legal issues encountered during the implementation and lessons learnt will also be briefly discussed.在新加坡，建设和房地产行业的发展在整个信息技术战略中最重要的步骤之一是一个覆盖整个生命周期的综合的网络部门的任何发展，这在世界上是首次。

自2002年以来，通过引入并实现采用的综合网络已经极大地增强了建设和房地产行业的生产力和竞争力，集成网络的全球贸易,合同可执行性,责任风险,安全漏洞和知识产权(IPR)的保护缺乏一致性，在司法管辖区,机密性、法律责任和服务依赖相关的一些法律问题风险。

本文旨在解决有关综合网络部门的在线安全和法律问题并建立系统终端和用户之间的信任和信心。

也将简要地讨论在执行过程中遇到的一些法律问题的经验教训,。

INTRODUCTION简介Under the manual submission system for development control in Singapore, AEC (Architecture, Engineering and Construction) professionals had to produce multiple hard copies of their plans for submission. This was because all developments in Singapore have to be approved by a maximum of 16, usually about 7 or 8,overnment regulatory authorities before Permit to Commence Construction Works, Temporary Occupation License and Certificate of Statutory Completion for the development can be issued to the engineers, architects, contractors, and developers. Some of these government agencies are the Building and Construction Authority, Urban Redevelopment Authority, Land Transport Authority, Public Utilities Board, the Ministry of the Environment, National Parks Board, and the Fire Safety and Shelter Bureau. Often, a large number of plans and drawings including any subsequent amendments have to be submitted by the engineers and architects to the relevant government regulatory authorities for approval. For medium size or large projects, it will mean hundreds of AO size drawings. The whole process is tedious, laborious and time consuming. To add to this trouble, these professionals had to make frequent trips during office hours to the respective authorities to submit their plans and applications, as there was no single point of submission. In addition, both the applicants and recipients had to set aside significant office space for storage of these documents aswell as to monitor the progress of the projects.开发控制的手动提交系统在新加坡，AEC（建筑，工程和建筑）专业人士来制作并提交多份他们的计划。

这是因为在新加坡，所有的发展必须由最高16批准，通常是7或8，政府监管部门在获得许可证才允许开始施工，临时占用许可证与法定完工证书可以发给工程师，建筑师，承包商，和开发商。

有些政府机构是建设局，市区重建局，陆路交通管理局，公用事业局，环境部，国家公园局，和消防安全与防护局。

通常，大量的计划和图纸包括任何随后的修改都必须提交于与工程师和建筑师相关的政府主管部门批准。

中型或大型项目，意味着在A0的图纸上整个过程繁琐、费时费力。

考虑到这一问题并且因为没有单点提交，所以这些专业人士必须经常在办公时间内，向各部门提交计划和应用。

此外，无论是申请者和接受者必须留出重要的办公空间存储这些文件以及监控项目的进展。

In the drive to improve its productivity and competitiveness, the construction and real estate sector in Singapore has embraced and adopted IT (Information Technology) as one of its major initiatives. As reported earlier by Kog (2000) and Kog and Swaddiwudhipong (2000), the national steering committee comprising regulators, developers, architects, engineers, contractors, and quantity surveyors was set up in 1993 to explore the adoption of IT for the construction and real estate sector. After numerousmeetings over a two years period, the steering committee recommended the development of an integrated network for the construction and real estate sector or CORENET (COnstruction and Real Estate NETwork). The main objective is to improve its productivity and competitiveness for the entire life cycle of any developments in Singapore. This is the first of its kind in the world. CORENET is one of the major IT initiatives identified under the Information Technology Master Plan of Singapore (IT2000) and the Intelligent Nation (iN2015) spearheaded by the Ministry of National Development (MND) and supported by the InfoCommunications Development Authority (IDA) and the Building and Construction Authority (BCA). The Intelligent Nation (iN2015) is a 10-year master plan that will transform Singapore by enhancing the competitiveness of key economic sectors and build a well-connected society through the use of infocomm technologies. The strategy and some earlier development were reported in Kog and Swaddiwudhipong (2000) and Kog(2000)为了提高生产力和竞争力，在新加坡，房地产建设已接受和采纳IT（信息技术）作为它的一个重大举措。