暴雨洪灾和抗洪抢险相关的英文词汇

BIU4词汇学案1.disaster n.灾难；灾害词块：an air disaster 空难；a natural disaster 自然灾害2.tornado n.（pl.oes oros）龙卷风；旋风拆分：撕裂（torn）ado（阿朵）房屋的是“龙卷风”(tornado)3.drought n.旱灾；久旱派生：dry v.（把...）弄干→drought n.旱灾；久旱词块: severe drought 严重旱灾ndslide n.（landfall）（山地或悬崖的）崩塌；滑坡合成: land（n.土地）＋slide（v.滑动，滑落）→landslide n.5.slide vi. ＆vt.（slid，slid）（使）滑行；滑动对比: side n.一边，一侧词块：slide into a room 偷偷溜进房间；slide sth. into a drawer 把...偷偷塞进抽屉6.tsunami n.海啸词块：set off a tsunami 引发海啸7.flood n.洪水；大量vi.淹没；大量涌入vt.使灌满水；淹没对比：food，flood→食物在“洪水”过后被运往灾区搭配：v. flood in/into 大量涌入；flood out of 蜂拥而出；be flooded with 被挤满...8.volcanic eruption火山喷发9.magnitude n.（地）震级；重大10.rescue n.＆vt.营救；救援搭配：v. rescue sb.from... 从...营救n. e to one’s rescue 援救某人; rescue workers救援人员11.damage vt．损害；破坏n．损坏；损失联想：大（da）+妈（ma）+歌（ge）→大妈的歌具有破坏力搭配：n. do /cause damage to 对...造成损害12.destroy vt.摧毁；毁灭派：destruction n.毁坏；destructive adj.具有破坏力的13.e vacu ate vt.疏散；撤出vi.撤离词源e向外空（动词后缀）→evacuate 疏散；撤离14.helicopter n.直升机词块：~ parents 直升机式父母归类jet喷气式飞机→fighter战斗机→bomber轰炸机→helicopter直升机15.death n.死；死亡派生：dead adj.死的，去世的→death n.死；死亡th 名词后缀：状态；die v.死词块：be frightened/scared to death吓死；be bored to death 无聊死16.affect vt.影响：（疾病）侵袭；深深打动搭配：affect sth 影响...；be affected by/ be influenced by 被...影响易混：effect n.影响have a great effect on sth 对...产生影响；e into effect 生效17.shelter n.避难处；居所；庇护vt.保护；掩蔽vi.躲避（风雨或危险）拆分：她she+lt(“”拼音首字母）＋er（“儿”）→她带着和儿子躲在“避难处”搭配：n. under the shelter of ...在...的庇护下；v. shelter sb./sth (from sb./sth.) 庇护...18.crack n.裂纹；裂缝vi.＆vt.（使）破裂19.as if似乎；好像；仿佛语境:She looks as if she were ten years younger.她看起来好像年轻了十岁。

关于灾难的英语单词1有关自然灾害的英语单词:自然灾害 Natural Disaster : 地震 earthquake雪崩 avalanche火山泥流 lahar泥石流 mudflow/landslide debris flow超级火山爆发 supervolcano 洪水 flood大(或急剧的)漩涡 maelstrom海啸 Tsunami暴风雪 blizzard干旱 Drought雹暴 Hailstorm热浪 heat wave飓风(台风)Hurricanes, Tropical cyclones, and Typhoons冰雹 ice storm龙卷风 tornado冰河时代 ice age森林大火 wildfire流行病 Epidemic饥荒 Famine太阳耀斑 Solar flare 流行性的pandemic，universal 禽流感poultry，bird瘟疫plague灾难disaster尸体corpse火山volcano地震earthquake海啸tsunami雪崩山崩landslide landslip avalanche大陆漂移continental drift 流沙quicksand传染病infectious disease contagion infection 酸雨acid rain冰雹hail hailstonePs: 关于地震的单词 earthquake 地震shake 震动;摇晃tremor颤动;震动temblor [美语] 地震hit 袭击、打击，使遭受strike 突然发生;打击jolt 使颠簸，摇晃rock 摇，摇动，使振动roll across 波动，起伏，横摇 rip through 裂开，破开;突进，横撞直闯damage 损害;损伤destroy 毁坏，破坏;摧残shatter 破坏;捣毁;破灭 devastate 蹂躏，破坏;使荒废;毁灭 level 推倒，夷平flatten 夷为平地seismological 地震学上的 seismology 地震学seismograph 地震仪seismographer 地震学家aftershock 余震smaller tremors 小地震epicenter 震中magnitude 震级Richter Scale(1-10) 里氏震级 at a scale of 7.8 on the Richter calculations 里氏7.8级地震earthquake monitoring 地震监控 tsunami 海啸rock and mud slides 泥石流 tsunami warning system 海啸预警系统 tidal waves 潮汐波，浪潮 natural disaster 自然灾害 tragedy 灾难wreckage 残骸death toll 死亡人数survivors 幸存者victims 受灾者international contributions 国际援助 evacuation 撤离rescue team 救援小组collapse垮塌被抛弃的abandoned 动荡turbulence 骚动turmoil强制pressure。

自然灾害英语词汇大全Natural Disasters English Vocabulary EncyclopediaIntroduction:Natural disasters refer to sudden and extreme events caused by natural forces, resulting in significant damage, loss of life, and disruption to the environment and human settlements. Understanding the English vocabulary related to natural disasters is crucial for effective communication and comprehension of these events. This comprehensive encyclopedia presents a detailed compilation of key English vocabulary related to various types of natural disasters.1. Earthquakes:1.1 Magnitude: The measure of energy released by an earthquake.1.2 Epicenter: The point on the Earth's surface directly above the focus of an earthquake.1.3 Seismic Waves: Vibrations caused by earthquakes that travel through the Earth.1.4 Aftershocks: Smaller tremors that occur after the main earthquake.1.5 Richter Scale: A scale used to measure the magnitude of an earthquake.2. Floods:2.1 Deluge: A severe flood or overwhelming rush of water.2.2 Flash Flood: A rapid and sudden local flood, often caused by heavy rainfall.2.3 Levee: An embankment built to prevent the overflow of a river.2.4 Inundation: The act of being flooded or covered with water.2.5 Torrential: Characterized by heavy rain or downpour.3. Hurricanes:3.1 Cyclone: A large-scale, rotating storm system characterized by low pressure.3.2 Eyewall: The area surrounding the center of a hurricane, where the most severe weather conditions occur.3.3 Storm Surge: The abnormal rise of seawater due to a hurricane's winds and low pressure.3.4 Typhoon: A term used to describe hurricanes in the Western Pacific Ocean.3.5 Gale Force Winds: Strong winds with speeds typically ranging from 32-63 knots.4. Tornadoes:4.1 Twister: An informal term for a tornado.4.2 Funnel Cloud: A rotating column of air that has not yet touched the ground.4.3 Enhanced Fujita Scale: A scale used to measure the intensity of tornadoes based on damage caused.4.4 Vortex: The core of a tornado where rotating winds reach their maximum speed.4.5 Tornado Alley: A region in the central United States with a high frequency of tornadoes.5. Wildfires:5.1 Combustible: Capable of catching fire easily.5.2 Ember: A small piece of burning or glowing coal.5.3 Firebreak: A cleared area or barrier intended to stop the spread of a fire.5.4 Arson: The criminal act of intentionally setting fire to property.5.5 Smoldering: The slow, smoke-creating burning of a material withouta flame.6. Drought:6.1 Arid: Dry, lacking rainfall or moisture.6.2 Desertification: The process by which fertile land becomes a desert due to drought or human activity.6.3 Water Scarcity: Insufficient availability of water resources to meet the needs of a population.6.4 Precipitation: Any form of water that falls from the atmosphere to the Earth's surface.6.5 Famine: Severe scarcity of food, often resulting from a prolonged drought.Conclusion:This natural disasters vocabulary encyclopedia provides a comprehensive and concise compilation of English terms related to various types of natural disasters. By familiarizing oneself with these terms, individuals can enhance their understanding, communication, and preparedness when faced with such calamities. However, it is important to remember that while words can facilitate comprehension, proactive emergency planning and disaster response strategies are vital for mitigating the impact of natural disasters on lives and communities.。

常用自然灾害类英语词汇
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avalanche 雪崩
cold 严寒
disease 疾病
drought 干旱
earthquake 地震
excessive multification 过度繁殖famine 饥荒
fire 火灾
flood 洪水
hail 冰雹
heat 炎热
hurricane 飓风
impact event (陨石等）冲撞
limnic eruption 湖内气体喷发landslide 山崩
magnetic storm 磁暴
mudslide 泥石流
plague 瘟疫
sandstorm 沙尘暴
sinkhole 灰岩坑
snow storm 暴风雪
solar flare 太阳耀斑
storm 暴风雨
storm surge 风暴潮
thunder storm 雷暴
tornado 龙卷风
tsunami 海啸
typhoon 台风
volcanic eruption 火山爆发waterspout 海龙卷。

常见自然灾害英语词汇Natural disasters are sudden, often catastrophic events that can cause significant damage to life and property. They can occur anywhere in the world, affecting people regardless of their age, gender, culture, or socioeconomic status. It is important to be prepared for these events and understand the potential risks in your area.Here is a list of common natural disasters and their corresponding English vocabulary:1. Earthquake: An earthquake is the result of the sudden release of energy in the Earth's crust that creates seismic waves. These waves can cause shaking and damage to buildings, roads, and other structures. Earthquakes are often measured in terms of magnitude, which refers to the amount of energy released.2. Tsunami: A tsunami is a series of waves caused by the displacement of a large volume of water, usually due toan earthquake or volcanic eruption. These waves can be extremely tall and destructive, causing flooding and damage to coastal areas.3. Flood: A flood occurs when an area is inundated with water, usually due to heavy rainfall or the overflow of a river or lake. Floods can cause significant damage to property and infrastructure, and can also pose a threat to human life.4. Hurricane: A hurricane is a type of tropical cyclone that forms over warm ocean waters. It is characterized by strong winds, heavy rainfall, and a low-pressure center. Hurricanes can cause extensive damage to coastal areas, including flooding, wind damage, and storm surge.5. Tornado: A tornado is a violent, rotating column of air that forms over land. Tornadoes are typically very small but can be extremely powerful, causing damage to buildings, trees, and other structures. Tornadoes are often accompanied by thunderstorms and can be difficult to predict.6. Volcanic eruption: A volcanic eruption occurs when magma or ash is ejected from a volcano. These eruptions can be explosive or non-explosive, and can cause significant damage to surrounding areas. Volcanic eruptions can also emit harmful gases and ash that can pose a threat to human health.7. Drought: A drought is a period of time when an area receives significantly less precipitation than normal, leading to water scarcity and environmental stress. Droughts can have a significant impact on agriculture, wildlife, and human settlements.8. Wildfire: A wildfire is an uncontrolled fire that occurs in natural areas such as forests, grasslands, or shrublands. Wildfires can be caused by natural factors such as lightning strikes or human activities such as campfires or arson. These fires can spread rapidly and cause significant damage to ecosystems and property.9. Blizzard: A blizzard is a severe snowstorm withstrong winds and reduced visibility. Blizzards can cause significant travel delays and disruptions, as well as damage to buildings and infrastructure.10. Mudslide: A mudslide occurs when water saturates soil or rock, causing it to lose stability and slide downhill. Mudslides can be particularly dangerous in mountainous areas and can cause significant damage to property and infrastructure.It is important to be aware of the potential for these natural disasters in your area and to take steps to mitigate their impact. Preparing an emergency plan, stockpiling essential supplies, and participating in community preparedness activities can help you and your family be ready in case of an emergency.。

水灾用英语怎么说水灾泛指洪水泛滥、暴雨积水和土壤水分过多对人类社会造成的灾害而言。

一般所指的水灾，以洪涝灾害为主。

水灾威胁人民生命安全。

造成巨大财产损失，并对社会经济发展产生深远的不良影响。

防治水灾虽已成为世界各国保证社会安定和经济发展的重要公共安全保障事业。

那么你知道水灾用英语怎么说吗?下面来学习一下吧。

水灾英语说法1：flood水灾英语说法2：inundation水灾的相关短语：遭受水灾 suffer from floods ; The flood ; Floods到了水灾 came flood矿山水灾 Mine flood水灾地区 Flood areas ; flood-affected areas ; In flooded areas ;a flood-affected area水灾防治flood and waterlogging control ; prevention and control of flood disaster ; flood disaster protection水灾难民 flood victims水灾的英语例句：1. State police say that high tides and severe flooding have damaged beaches.州警方称，高潮位和严重的水灾冲坏了海滩。

2. disasters such as floods and famine水灾和饥荒这一类灾难3. The reason for the flood was that heavy rain.水灾是那场大雨造成的.4. Many people were uprooted from their homes by the flood.水灾令许多人背井离乡.5. They send relief to those who made homeless by floods.他们给水灾中无家可归的人发送救援物资.6. After the flood there was a slow return to normality.水灾后,情况慢慢恢复正常.7. The flood resulted in a considerable reduction in production.这次水灾造成相当大的减产.8. This contract guarantees you against damage by fire or flood.这份合同保证你不会因火灾或水灾而受损失.9. An airlift was organized immediately for the relief of the flood victims.立即组织空运救助遭受水灾的难民.10. The houses were destroyed by a fire [ a flood, an earthquake ].房屋被火灾 [ 水灾, 地震 ] 所毁.11. By strengthening the river banks , the city secured itself against flood.由于加强了河堤, 该城可确保免受水灾.12. The flood claimed hundreds of lives.水灾夺走了数百人的生命.13. We are sympathetic with the flood sufferers.我们同情水灾受难者.14. This area is liable to flooding.该地区易遭受水灾.15. They aided flood victims.他们援助遭受水灾的灾民.。

与泥石流有关英语词汇我们来看看泥石流英语怎么说？Mudslide就是泥石流自然灾害相关的英语词汇mudslide-stricken region 泥石流受灾地区geological disasters 地质灾害secondary disaster 次生灾害barrier lake 堰塞湖upper reaches 上游河段the water level of the lake 湖水水位the lake's water volume 湖水水量landslide 山体滑坡rain-triggered landslide 暴雨引发的山体滑坡raised riverbed 抬高的河床mountain torrents 山洪flood peak 洪峰blackout 断电/停电Rescue 救援mass evacuation 大规模疏散the emergency rescue headquarters 紧急救援指挥部excavator 开凿机controlled explosions 受控爆炸discharge flood waters 分流洪水flood prevention ability 防洪能力downstream residences 下流住宅golden window 救援黄金时间relief vehicles 救援车辆epidemic prevention 传染病预防psychological trauma 心理创伤voluntary rescue work 志愿救援工作bamboo bed 竹床disinfectant 消毒剂living subsidy 生活补助resettlement 重新安置death toll 死亡人数。

自然灾害英语词汇100个Natural Disasters: A Comprehensive Vocabulary ListNatural disasters are unpredictable events that can have devastating consequences on communities around the world. From earthquakes and hurricanes to wildfires and floods, these phenomena can cause immense destruction, disrupt lives, and challenge our ability to respond and recover. Understanding the vocabulary associated with natural disasters is crucial for effective communication and emergency preparedness.In this comprehensive vocabulary list, we will explore 100 English words and phrases related to natural disasters. These terms encompass various types of disasters, their causes, associated weather patterns, and the impacts they can have on the environment and human populations.1. Earthquake: A sudden and violent shaking of the ground, caused by the movement of the Earth's tectonic plates.2. Tsunami: A series of extremely large ocean waves caused by an underwater earthquake or volcanic eruption.3. Volcano: A mountain or hill, typically conical in shape, with a craterat the top through which lava, rock fragments, hot vapor, and gas are or have been erupted from the Earth's interior.4. Tornado: A violently rotating column of air that extends from a thunderstorm to the ground.5. Hurricane: A large, swirling storm system with high-speed winds that forms over warm ocean waters.6. Cyclone: A large-scale, swirling wind system, especially in the Indian Ocean or southwestern Pacific, that is accompanied by heavy rain.7. Typhoon: A strong tropical cyclone that occurs in the northwestern Pacific Ocean, especially in summer and autumn.8. Blizzard: A severe snowstorm with high winds and low visibility.9. Avalanche: A large mass of snow, ice, and debris sliding rapidly down a mountainside.10. Landslide: The movement of a mass of rock, debris, or earth down a slope, often triggered by heavy rain or earthquakes.11. Flood: An overflow of a large amount of water beyond its normal limits, especially over land not usually submerged.12. Drought: A prolonged period of abnormally low rainfall, leading to a shortage of water.13. Wildfire: An uncontrolled fire in a natural area, such as a forest or grassland.14. Heatwave: A prolonged period of excessively hot weather.15. Famine: A severe and widespread scarcity of food, leading to widespread hunger and starvation.16. Epidemic: A widespread occurrence of an infectious disease in a community at a particular time.17. Pandemic: A widespread outbreak of a disease that affects a large number of people across multiple countries or continents.18. Aftershock: A smaller earthquake that follows the main earthquake, often in the same area.19. Tectonic Plate: Large, rigid sections of the Earth's crust and uppermost mantle, which move and interact with one another.20. Fault Line: A fracture or crack in the Earth's crust along which the two sides have moved relative to each other.21. Epicenter: The point on the Earth's surface directly above the origin of an earthquake.22. Magnitude: A measure of the strength or size of an earthquake, based on the amount of energy released.23. Intensity: A measure of the shaking and damage caused by an earthquake at a specific location.24. Storm Surge: An abnormal rise in sea level accompanying a hurricane or other intense storm, caused by strong winds pushing water onshore.25. Storm Track: The path or trajectory of a storm system, such as a hurricane or cyclone.26. Eye of the Storm: The calm, low-pressure center of a hurricane or other powerful storm system.27. Gale: A strong wind, typically with a speed between 34 and 47 miles per hour.28. Squall: A sudden, brief increase in wind speed, often accompanied by rain, snow, or sleet.29. Monsoon: A seasonal change in the direction of the prevailing winds, especially in the Indian Ocean region, caused by differential heating of land and sea.30. Drought Index: A measure of the severity of a drought, taking into account factors such as rainfall, temperature, and soil moisture.31. Desertification: The process by which fertile land becomes desert, typically as a result of drought, deforestation, or inappropriate agriculture.32. Deforestation: The action of clearing a wide area of trees.33. Flash Flood: A sudden, violent flood that occurs in response to heavy rain, often in a localized area.34. Riverine Flood: A flood that occurs when a river overflows its banks and inundates the surrounding area.35. Coastal Flood: A flood that occurs along the coast, typically caused by a storm surge or high tide.36. Glacial Melt: The process by which glaciers and ice sheets lose mass due to rising temperatures, causing sea levels to rise.37. Permafrost: Soil that remains frozen for two or more years, found in cold regions such as the Arctic.38. Iceberg: A large piece of ice that has broken off from a glacier or ice shelf and is floating in open water.39. Wildfire Front: The leading edge of a wildfire, where the fire is actively spreading.40. Firebreak: A gap in vegetation or other combustible material that is created to stop or slow the spread of a wildfire.41. Firefighting Tactics: The strategies and techniques used by firefighters to control and extinguish wildfires.42. Evacuation Order: A directive from authorities for people to leave an area due to an imminent threat, such as a natural disaster.43. Disaster Relief: The provision of aid and assistance to people affected by a natural disaster, including food, shelter, medical care, and other essential resources.44. Humanitarian Aid: Assistance provided to people in need, such as those affected by natural disasters, wars, or other emergencies. 45. Displacement: The forced or voluntary movement of people from their homes due to a natural disaster or other crisis.46. Reconstruction: The process of rebuilding and restoring an area that has been damaged or destroyed by a natural disaster.47. Resilience: The ability of a community or ecosystem to withstand and recover from the impacts of a natural disaster.48. Mitigation: Actions taken to reduce the severity or likelihood of a natural disaster, such as building flood defenses or implementing earthquake-resistant construction.49. Adaptation: The process of adjusting to the changing environmental conditions and risks posed by natural disasters.50. Early Warning System: A system that monitors and predicts the occurrence of natural disasters, allowing for timely warnings and preparedness measures.51. Disaster Management: The coordinated efforts to prevent, prepare for, respond to, and recover from the impacts of natural disasters.52. Vulnerability: The susceptibility of a community or ecosystem to the negative effects of a natural disaster, based on factors such as location, infrastructure, and socioeconomic status.53. Risk Assessment: The process of identifying, analyzing, and evaluating the potential risks associated with a natural disaster. 54. Hazard Mapping: The creation of maps that identify and visualize the locations and severity of natural hazards, such as flood zones or earthquake fault lines.55. Disaster Response: The immediate actions taken to save lives, protect property, and provide essential services in the aftermath of a natural disaster.56. Emergency Management: The coordination of resources and responsibilities to address the consequences of natural disasters and other emergencies.57. Humanitarian Logistics: The planning, implementation, and control of the efficient and effective flow of resources and information to aid people affected by natural disasters.58. Disaster Recovery: The long-term process of rebuilding and restoring a community or ecosystem to its pre-disaster condition ora better state.59. Disaster Resilience: The ability of a community or system to withstand, adapt to, and recover from the impacts of a naturaldisaster.60. Climate Change Adaptation: The adjustment of natural or human systems to respond to the actual or expected effects of climate change, such as increased frequency and intensity of natural disasters.61. Climate Change Mitigation: Actions taken to reduce the release of greenhouse gases and other human-induced factors that contribute to climate change, which can exacerbate the occurrence and severity of natural disasters.62. Sustainable Development: The development of economic, social, and environmental systems that meet the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs, including strategies for disaster risk reduction.63. Environmental Conservation: The protection and preservation of natural ecosystems, habitats, and resources, which can enhance resilience to natural disasters.64. Ecosystem-Based Adaptation: The use of biodiversity and ecosystem services as part of an overall adaptation strategy to help people and communities adapt to the adverse effects of climate change, including natural disasters.65. Community-Based Disaster Risk Management: A participatory approach to disaster risk management that involves local communities in the identification, analysis, and mitigation of natural disaster risks.66. Disaster Preparedness: The measures taken to ensure thatindividuals, communities, and institutions are ready to respond effectively to a natural disaster, such as emergency planning, stockpiling supplies, and conducting drills.67. Disaster Response Planning: The development of strategies and procedures to guide the immediate actions taken to save lives, protect property, and provide essential services in the aftermath of a natural disaster.68. Disaster Recovery Planning: The process of developing long-term strategies and actions to rebuild and restore a community or ecosystem following a natural disaster, with a focus on building back better and increasing resilience.69. Disaster Risk Reduction: The systematic efforts to analyze and manage the causal factors of disasters, including through reduced exposure to hazards, lessened vulnerability of people and property, wise management of land and the environment, and improved preparedness for adverse events.70. Disaster Risk Governance: The system of institutions, mechanisms, and processes through which citizens and groups articulate their interests, exercise their legal rights and obligations, and mediate their differences in the context of natural disaster risks.71. Disaster Resilient Infrastructure: The design, construction, and maintenance of buildings, transportation networks, utilities, and other critical infrastructure to withstand the impacts of natural disasters and support effective disaster response and recovery.72. Disaster Displaced Persons: People who have been forced orobliged to flee or to leave their homes or places of habitual residence as a result of a natural disaster, and who have not crossed an international border.73. Internally Displaced Persons: People or groups of people who have been forced or obliged to flee or to leave their homes or places of habitual residence, in particular as a result of or in order to avoid the effects of natural disasters, and who have not crossed an internationally recognized state border.74. Humanitarian Assistance: Aid and action designed to save lives, alleviate suffering, and maintain and protect human dignity during and in the aftermath of natural disasters and other emergencies. 75. Disaster Risk Management: The systematic process of using administrative directives, organizations, and operational skills and capacities to implement strategies, policies, and improved coping capacities to lessen the adverse impacts of natural disasters and related environmental and technological disasters.76. Vulnerability Assessment: The process of identifying, quantifying, and prioritizing the vulnerabilities of a community, system, or asset to the potential impacts of natural disasters.77. Hazard Mapping and Zoning: The process of identifying, analyzing, and visualizing the spatial distribution and characteristics of natural hazards, and using this information to guide land use planning and development decisions.78. Early Warning Systems: Coordinated systems of hazard monitoring, forecasting, and dissemination of timely warnings toenable individuals, communities, businesses, and governments to take action to reduce their risks and prepare for efficient response. 79. Disaster Risk Financing: The use of financial instruments, such as insurance, contingency funds, and risk transfer mechanisms, to manage the financial impacts of natural disasters and support effective disaster response and recovery.80. Disaster Risk Governance: The system of institutions, mechanisms, and processes through which citizens and groups articulate their interests, exercise their legal rights and obligations, and mediate their differences in the context of natural disaster risks.81. Disaster Resilience: The ability of a system, community, or society exposed to natural hazards to resist, absorb, accommodate, adapt to, transform, and recover from the effects of a hazard in a timely and efficient manner, including through the preservation and restoration of its essential basic structures and functions.82. Disaster Risk Reduction: The concept and practice of reducing disaster risks through systematic efforts to analyze and manage the causal factors of disasters, including through reduced exposure to hazards, lessened vulnerability of people and property, wise management of land and the environment, and improved preparedness for adverse events.83. Disaster Risk Management: The application of disaster risk reduction policies and strategies to prevent new disaster risks, reduce existing disaster risks, and manage residual risks, contributing to the strengthening of resilience and reduction of disaster losses.84. Disaster Recovery: The restoring or improving of livelihoods and health, as well as economic, physical, social, cultural, and environmental assets, systems, and activities, of a disaster-affected community or society, aligning with the principles of sustainable development and "build back better", to avoid or reduce future disaster risk.85. Disaster Mitigation: The lessening or minimizing of the adverse impacts of natural hazards and related environmental and technological disasters through various measures, including through improved preparedness, early warning systems, and resilient infrastructure.86. Disaster Preparedness: The knowledge and capacities developed by governments, response and recovery organizations, communities, and individuals to effectively anticipate, respond to, and recover from the impacts of likely, imminent, or current disasters.87. Disaster Response: The provision of emergency services and public assistance during or immediately after a disaster, in order to save lives, reduce health impacts, ensure public safety, and meet the basic subsistence needs of the people affected.88. Disaster Relief: The provision of assistance or intervention during or after a disaster to meet the life preservation and basic subsistence needs of those affected, including food, water, shelter, medical assistance, and other essential goods and services.89. Disaster Management: The organization, planning, and application of measures preparing for, responding to, and recoveringfrom natural disasters or other emergencies.90. Disaster Impact Assessment: The process of evaluating the severity, magnitude, and consequences of a natural disaster on the affected population, infrastructure, and environment.91. Disaster Risk Profile: A comprehensive analysis of the risks associated with natural disasters in a particular geographic area, including the identification of hazards, exposure, vulnerability, and capacity.92. Disaster Resilience Indicators: Measurable factors that reflect the ability of a community or system to withstand, adapt to, and recover from the impacts of natural disasters.93. Disaster Simulation Exercises: Controlled, scenario-based activities designed to evaluate and improve the preparedness and response capabilities of individuals, organizations, and communities to natural disasters.94. Disaster Aftercare: The provision of long-term support and assistance to individuals, families, and communities affected by natural disasters, including mental health services, livelihood recovery, and social reintegration.95. Disaster Debris Management: The coordinated effort to collect, process, and dispose of the debris and waste generated by a natural disaster, in an environmentally responsible and efficient manner. 96. Disaster Victim Identification: The process of determining the identity of individuals who have died as a result of a natural disaster, in order to provide closure and support to their families.97. Disaster Psychosocial Support: The provision of mental health and psychosocial services to individuals and communities affected by the psychological trauma and emotional distress caused by natural disasters.98. Disaster Displacement Tracking: The systematic collection and analysis of data on the movement and location of people displaced by natural disasters, to support effective humanitarian assistance and durable solutions.99. Disaster Risk Governance: The system of institutions, mechanisms, and processes through which citizens and groups articulate their interests, exercise their legal rights and obligations, and mediate their differences in the context of natural disaster risks.100. Disaster Resilience Training: The development and delivery of educational programs and workshops to build the knowledge, skills, and capacities of individuals, communities, and organizations to prepare for, respond to, and recover from natural disasters.。

人教版高一英语1(必修)单词表(Unit 4) disaster 名词灾难、灾害tornado 名词龙卷风、旋风（复数为tornadoes或tornados）drought 名词旱灾、久旱landslide 名词（也称为landfall）（山地或悬崖的）崩塌、滑坡slide 及物动词（使）滑行、滑动不及物动词（使）滑行、滑动tsunami 名词海啸flood 名词洪水、大量不及物动词淹没、大量涌入及物动词使灌满水、淹没volcanic eruption 火山喷发magnitude 名词（地震）震级、重大rescue 名词营救、救援及物动词营救、救援damage 名词损坏、损失及物动词损害、破坏destroy 及物动词摧毁、毁灭evacuate 不及物动词疏散、撤出及物动词撤离helicopter 名词直升机death 名词死、死亡affect 及物动词影响、（疾病）侵袭、深深打动shelter 名词避难所、居所、庇护及物动词保护、隐蔽不及物动词躲避（风雨或危险）crack 名词裂纹、裂缝及物动词（使）破裂不及物动词（使）破裂as if 似乎、好像、仿佛ruin 名词破坏、毁坏及物动词破坏、毁坏in ruins 严重受损、破败不堪percent 名词百分之……形容词每一百中副词每一百中brick 名词砖、砖块metal 名词金属shock 名词震惊、令人震惊的事、休克及物动词（使）震惊in shock 震惊、吃惊electricity 名词电、电能trap 及物动词陷阱、险境名词陷阱、险境bury 及物动词埋葬、安葬breathe 不及物动词呼吸及物动词呼吸revive 及物动词复活、（使）苏醒不及物动词复活、（使）苏醒revival 名词振兴、复苏effort 名词努力、艰难的尝试、尽力unify 及物动词不及物动词统一、（使）成一体wisdom 名词智慧、才智context 名词上下文、语境、背景suffer 不及物动词（因疾病、痛苦、悲伤等）受苦及物动词遭受、蒙受volcano 名词火山erupt 及物动词（火山）爆发、（岩浆、烟等）不及物动词supply 名词供应量、补给；（复数）补给品及物动词供应、补给typhoon 名词台风in the open air 露天、在户外hurricane 名词（尤指西大西洋的）飓风survive 不及物动词生存、存活及物动词幸存、艰难度过power 名词电力供应、能量、力量、控制力tap 不及物动词轻敲、轻叩、轻拍及物动词轻敲、轻叩、轻拍名词水龙头、轻敲、轻叩pipe 名词管子、管道whistle 及物动词吹口哨不及物动词吹口哨、发出笛声名词哨子（声）、呼啸声emergency 名词突发事件、紧急情况calm 形容词镇静的、沉着的及物动词使平静、使镇静aid 名词援助、帮助、救援物资及物动词（正式用语）帮助、援助不及物动词（正式用语）帮助、援助kit 名词成套工具、成套设备first aid kit 急救箱on hand 现有（尤指帮助）crash 不及物动词碰撞、撞击及物动词碰撞、撞击sweep 不及物动词打扫、清扫（过去式、过去分词swept、swept）及物动词打扫、清扫（过去式、过去分词swept、swept）sweep away 消灭、彻底消除wave 名词海浪、波浪strike 及物动词侵袭、突击、击打（过去式、过去分词struck、struck）不及物动词侵袭、突击、击打（过去式、过去分词struck、struck）deliver 不及物动词递送、传达及物动词递送、传达、发表summary 名词总结、概括、概要effect 名词影响、结果、效果length 名词长、长度Ecuador 专有名词厄瓜多尔（南美洲国家）Memphis 专有名词孟菲斯（美国城市）Alberta 专有名词艾伯塔省（加拿大省份）Colombo 专有名词科伦坡（斯里兰卡首都）Sri Lanka 专有名词斯里兰卡（东南亚国家）Thailand 专有名词泰国（东南亚国家）Malaysia 专有名词马来西亚（东南亚国家）Sumatra Island 专有名词苏门答腊岛（印度尼西亚的一个岛屿）Chandra Theeravit 专有名词钱德拉·特拉维（人名）。