广东潮州金山中学2018---2019学度高一上年中考试--历史

平潭新世纪学校2018-2019学年第二学期第一次月考高二年历史试卷（满分：100分；考试时间：90分钟；）一、选择题1.改革是人类历史上发展的一曲不朽旋律。

下列关于改革的说法和认识正确的是①改革就是要彻底地革除旧的、传统的一切东西②改革所采用的是一种自上而下的、和平的方式③改革是统治者希望通过和平的、没有暴力的方式来完善社会制度并巩固自己的统治④改革中也充满了复杂性、多样性与艰巨性A. ①②③B. ②③④C. ①②③④D. ②③【答案】B【解析】试题分析：本题主要考查学生运用所学知识解决问题的能力，改革的目的是革除旧制度中的不合理因素从而完善社会制度并巩固统治者的统治，改革不同于革命，一般是统治者所采用的是一种自上而下的、和平的方式进行，但改革中也充满了复杂性、多样性与艰巨性，所以②③④表述正确符合题意，①说法错误，答案选B。

考点：改革的含义点评：改革指对旧有的生产关系、上层建筑作局部或根本性的调整变动。

改革是社会发展的强大动力。

从改革的程度看，一种是在不触动根本制度的前提下，进行局部的调整；一种是对旧的生产关系和上层建筑进行彻底的改革，导致社会制度发生根本性变化。

从改革的性质看，有奴隶制度的改革、封建主义的改革、资本主义的改革和社会主义的改革。

从改革的内容看，有政治改革、经济改革、军事改革和文化改革。

2.我国的古代改革对推动社会进步起了推动作用，但商鞅因变法而车裂，王安石因变法而革职，梭伦因改革而被流放。

由此得出的最主要结论是A. 改革有助于社会进步，但改革者不会有好结果B. 改革有风险，改革者应注意保护自己C. 改革需要改革者的奉献和牺牲精神D. 改革应对反动势力进行彻底镇压【答案】C【解析】试题分析：商鞅因变法而车裂，王安石因变法而革职，张居正因变法而死后被抄家说明改革必然遇到很大的阻力，改革家需要具有奉献和牺牲精神；A说法绝对，并非改革者都不会有好结果；B说法也不对，改革者不能只想到明哲保身；D不对，改革需要循序渐进，但也不能激进。

金山中学2017学年度第一学期高二年级政治学科合格考期中试卷（考试时间：60分钟满分：100分）一、单项选择题（共80分，每小题只有一个正确选项。

第1-10小题，每小题1分；第11-45小题，每小题2分。

）1、中华人民共和国国防部7月31日在人民大会堂举行盛大招待会，热烈庆祝中国人民解放军建军_______周年。

中国共产党缔造和领导的人民军队，为中国革命、建设、改革事业，立下了不朽功勋。

A．80 B．90 C．100 D. 1102、8月1日至2日，2017年_______国家经贸部长会议在上海举行，达成8项重要经贸合作成果。

本次会议的召开进一步推进了各个国家经贸合作的机制化、系统化和实心化，也为构建开放型世界经济、完善全球经济治理、促进可持续发展贡献力量。

A．G20 B．APEC C．金砖 D. 东盟3、8月8日21时19分，四川省阿坝州_______（北纬33.2度，东经103.82度）发生7.0级地震，震源深度20公里。

A．雅安 B．九寨沟 C．绵阳 D. 成都4、春华秋实七十载，守望相助谱新篇。

8月8日下午，内蒙古自治区成立_______周年庆祝大会在内蒙古少数民族群众文化体育运动中心隆重举行。

A．70 B．80 C．90 D.1005、著名遗传学家和水稻生物学家，中国杂交水稻研究的先驱和中国杂交水稻事业的重要奠基人之一，武汉大学教授、博士生导师，中国工程院院士_______因病医治无效，于北京时间8月9日2时51分在武汉逝世，享年78岁。

A．袁隆平 B．朱英国 C．朱英富 D.屠呦呦6、9月13日，国际奥委会在秘鲁首都利马举行的第131次全会上，最终确定巴黎为2024年夏季奥运会举办地,_______为2028年夏季奥运会举办地。

A．东京 B．汉堡 C．洛杉矶 D.上海7、日媒称，以达沃斯会议而闻名的“世界经济论坛”26日发布了对137个国家和地区竞争力排名的2017年至2018年版报告，_______连续九年高居榜首，美国和新加坡分列第二和第三，中国大陆升至第二十七。

澄海中学2020-2021学年高一上学期第一次学段考试历史试题一、选择题 (本部分共有16小题，每小题3分，共48分)1．考古学者认为新石器时代，人类生活形态发生重大变化，故称之为“新石器革命”。

学者认为这是一场革命的主要根据是A．交通改善，促进文化与商业交流B．使用铜器来制作工具，从事生产C．开始使用文字，社会组织复杂化D．从事农业活动，以耕作取代采集2.周公平定了商朝旧贵族的叛乱后，除了封亲周的殷商旧贵族微子启于宋(都商丘)之外，还在其周边分封了一些曾被商灭国的古代先王的后裔为诸侯。

这表明A．旧贵族势力强大占据中原B．周朝统治者实行战略收缩C．分封格局有利于加强统治D．同姓诸侯分布于战略要地3．2020年4月4日是中国传统节日——清明节。

但是今年由于特殊疫情原因国家明令祭扫应该文明、有序，既能体现我们的优良传统，又要符合国家法令要求。

关于清明节的传统与下列古代哪种制度有关A．禅让制B．宗法制C．分封制D．王位世袭制4．战国文献中出现了“九州”的地理概念，豫州、并州、冀州等皆属中原，而如北方之幽州、南方之荆州、东南之扬州都已覆盖了传统上的四夷居地。

“九州”的出现A．表明统一局面的到来B．表明原有封国不复存在C．适应了“尊王攘夷”的需要D．是华夏文明扩展的结果5.西周分封制形成等级森严的礼序，决定了人们之间相对稳固的社会关系。

但到春秋战国时期，战乱、兼并等事件的频频发生，促进了孔子“克己复礼”、老子“小国寡民”主张的提出。

先秦诸子的这种情绪主要反映了A．社会进步与付出代价之间的矛盾B．先秦诸子的思想落后C．诸子学说的多样性、复杂性D．社会变革符合历史潮流6．春秋时期最典型的政治特点是A．周王室不被诸侯重视B．社会制度大变革C．井田制瓦解D．诸侯争霸，分封制崩溃7．司马迁在《史记》中评价秦朝郡县制：“县集而郡，郡集而天下。

郡县治，天下无不治。

”这说明秦朝郡县制A．建立在宗法制度的基础上B．特点是中央垂直管理地方C．强化了皇权专制制度D．是导致秦朝灭亡的根本原因8.“约2 000万人口的秦朝，可以调动40万劳动力去修长城，70多万人去修秦始皇陵和阿房宫，50万人征伐南方……这是西周天子难以办到的事。

2018-2019学年广东省潮州市高一下学期期末考试历史科试卷说明：1.本试卷分第Ⅰ卷（选择题）第Ⅱ卷（非选择题），满分100分，考试时间90分钟。

2.考生务必将自己的学校、班级、姓名、坐号填写在答题卷的密封线内。

第I卷每小题选出答案后，在答题卷选择题答题区用2B铅笔将选中项涂满、涂黑。

第Ⅱ卷各题答案在非选择题答题区用黑色钢笔或黑色圆珠笔在各题目的指定区域内作答，否则答案无效，考试结束后只缴交答题卡。

第Ⅰ卷（选择题，共60分）1.《荀子·富国》认为“今是土之生五谷也，人善治之，则亩益数盆，一岁而再获之。

”这反映了古代中国农业生产具有的特点是A. 男耕女织B. 铁犁牛耕C. 精耕细作D. 自产自销【答案】C2.为了保证农业经济的发展，巩固小农经济在政权中的统治地位，从战国时期开始，封建政府推行A. 井田制B. 重农抑商C. 抑制兼并D. 盐铁官营【答案】B3.《吕氏春秋》载：“公作则迟，有所匿其力也；分地则速，无所匿其力也。

”文中的现象反映的本质是A. 铁器和牛耕的广泛使用B. 私田的数量日益增多C. 封建生产方式具有优越性D. 私有制兴起【答案】C4.汉初时，政府规定“市井之子孙（商人子弟）亦不得仕宦为吏”，到中唐以后，“工商杂类不得与士为伍”等禁令松弛，北宋时允许商人中“有奇才异行者应试”，商人及其子弟中举做官的越来越多。

这一变化反映出A. 朝廷逐渐放弃了传统的抑商政策B. 原有规制受到商业发展的冲击C. 官员与商人的社会地位渐趋一致D. 商人中“奇才异行者”逐渐增多【答案】B5.《卖炭翁》是唐代诗人白居易的一首家喻户晓的诗作。

诗中叙述老翁“晓驾炭车碾冰辙”到长安城，“牛困人饥日已高，市南门外泥中歇”。

此处的“市”是A. 没有行政管理的草市B. 地方自治的市镇C. 严格管制的集中市场D. 沿街开铺的晓市【答案】C6.明代官员张邦奇在《西亭饯别诗序》中提及，“禁令之下，每岁孟夏以后，漳州大舶数百艘，乘风挂帆，蔽大洋而下……闽人与‘蕃舶夷商’贸贩商物，往来络绎于海上。

金山中学2019学年度第二学期高二年级政治学科等级考期中试一、单项选择题（共60分，每题3分，每题只能选一个选项，第1-16题，选出正确选项得3分，错选得0分。

）1.小明在商场用200元零花钱购买了生日蛋糕和贺卡，这是经济活动四环节中的（）A. 交换环节B. 分配环节C. 消费环节【答案】A【解析】【详解】A：根据材料，小明在商场用200元零花钱购买了生日蛋糕和贺卡，是属于一手交钱一手交货的交换环节，A符合题意。

BC：材料中主要涉及的是商品的买卖，即交换环节，没有涉及分配环节以及消费环节，故B、C不符合题意。

故本题应选A。

2.小明同学的父母为购买家用小汽车向银行贷款10万元人民币，期限为两年，利息率为4.75%，如果按单利计算，贷款期满时向银行应付的利息是A. 9663元B. 9500元C. 4700元【答案】B【解析】【详解】根据单利=本金×利率×年数的公式，小明贷款期满时向银行应付的利息是10万*4.75%*2=9500元，B项符合题意；AC项均计算错误；正确选项为B。

【点睛】利率及计算公式：(1)利率是一定时期中的利息和本金的比率。

(2)利率有单利和复利之分单利计算公式：单利=本金×利率×年数复利计算公式：本利和=本金×(1+利率)年数3.上海修订食品生产经营“黑名单”，未经许可的饭店不能卖醉蟹。

这是旨在保护消费者的A. 知情权B. 安全权C. 受尊重权【答案】B【解析】【详解】所谓消费者安全权，是指消费者在购买、使用商品和接受服务时，享有要求经营者保障其人身、财产安全不受损害的权利，可见，上海修订食品生产经营“黑名单”，未经许可的饭店不能卖醉蟹。

这是旨在保护消费者的安全权，故B正确；消费者的知情权,是指消费者享有知悉其购买、使用的商品或者接受的服务的真实情况的权利，可见，这与材料无关，排除A；所谓消费者受尊重权，是指消费者在购买、使用商品和接受服务时，享有其人格尊严、民族风俗习惯得到尊重的权利，可见这与材料无关，排除C。

2018北京市人大附中高一（上）期末仿真测试卷历史（B）注意事项：1．答题前，先将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在试题卷和答题卡上，并将准考证号条形码粘贴在答题卡上的指定位置。

2．选择题的作答：每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，写在试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。

3．非选择题的作答：用签字笔直接答在答题卡上对应的答题区域内。

写在试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。

4．考试结束后，请将本试题卷和答题卡一并上交。

第Ⅰ卷本卷共30个小题，每小题2分，共60分。

在每小题给出的四个选项中，只有一项是符合题目要求的。

1．（2017厦门期末考试）《尚书》记载“有夏（夏朝）多罪，天命殛（ji，杀死）之”、“商罪贯盈，天命诛之”。

这反映了夏周时期A．政权更替频繁 B．神权与王权相结合C．尚未实现高度集权 D．世袭制度遭到废弃2．（2016酒钢三中）《三字经》写道：“周武王，始伐纣，八百载，最长久。

”周朝统治长久的制度保障是①分封制②宗法制③郡县制度④中央集权制度A．①②③ B．①②④ C．①② D．①②③④3．（2017酒钢三中）假如有一名秦朝的政府高官，他每天工作非常繁忙，除了将大臣们的奏章归纳整理外，还得对一些违法乱纪的官员进行暗访、调查。

那么，这个政府高官应是A．丞相 B．御史大夫 C．太尉 D．郡守4．（2017金山中学）从秦朝到清朝，专制主义中央集权政治制度影响了中国两千多年。

你认为下列中的一项制度最能体现“皇权下的民主”的是A．秦朝三公九卿制 B．西汉中朝制度C．唐朝三省六部制 D．清朝军机处5．（2017厦门期末考试）元代行省官员任命，遵循这样的原则：“七品以下者，由吏部掌理；正七品以上属中书省；三品以上，则核定权在皇帝。

”由此可见，元代A．地方有相当大的自主权 B．行省是地方最高行政区划C．中央能够有效节制地方 D．设行省利于管辖辽阔疆域6．（2017牡丹江一中）下列历代措施中，不能起到加强中央集权作用的有A．秦朝全面实行郡县制 B．汉武帝颁布“推恩令”C．宋朝用分权办法加强地方控制 D．明太祖设殿阁大学士7．（2017长郡中学）“据统计，当时希腊共有300多个城邦，其中90%左右的小邦都是弹丸之地，人口不超过几千，面积不过几十平方千米或更小。

2017-2018学年广东省汕头市潮阳实验学校七年级（下）期中历史试卷试题数：27，总分：1001.（单选题，3分）“他在位期间成功地统一了西晋末年以来近300年的分裂局面，改革制度，发展生产，注重吏治，国家安定，人民负担较轻，经济繁荣。

”材料中的“他”指的是（）A.司马炎B.隋文帝C.隋炀帝D.唐太宗2.（单选题，3分）隋朝一位余杭先生，要到洛阳去求学，如果走运河水路，按顺序应经过的河段有（）① 永济渠② 通济渠③ 邗沟④ 江南河。

A. ① ② ③B. ② ③ ④C. ④ ③ ②D. ① ③ ④3.（单选题，3分）有人说：“隋朝，犹如一颗流星划过历史的天空，时间虽然短暂却光芒四射。

”这一光芒不包括（）A.统一了全国B.开凿了灵渠C.创立了科举制D.开通了大运河4.（单选题，3分）法国启蒙思想家孟德斯鸠在评价中国某一制度的作用时指出：中国没有世袭的官吏和贵族，皇帝通过考试等途径选拔官吏。

凡是具有真才实学的人，不论出身如何，都有经过考试成为官吏的机会。

该制度（）A.削弱了封建政权的统治基础B.不利于尊师重教风气的形成C.为普通士人提供了进入各级政府任职的机会D.提高了高门权贵子弟的地位5.（单选题，3分）《旧唐书•魏征传》载：太宗曰：“夫以铜为镜，可以正衣冠；以古为镜，可以知兴替；以人为镜，可以明得失。

朕常保此三镜，以防己过。

今魏征殂逝，遂亡一镜矣！”这表明唐太宗（）A.重视发展生产B.虚心纳谏C.注意任用贤才D.增加科举考试科目6.（单选题，3分）若要为武则天的无字碑补题碑文，下列内容不能出现的是（）A.中国历史上唯一的女皇帝B.重用酷吏，滥杀无辜C.大力发展科举制度D.为“贞观之治”的到来奠定了基础7.（单选题，3分）某班举办主题为“中国古代农业发展”的图片展，下列图片应该入选“盛唐篇”的是（）A.都江堰B.耧车C.曲辕犁D.地动仪8.（单选题，3分）据史书记载，唐都长安的崇仁坊多修造乐器的商店；延寿坊有出售金银珠宝店；胜业坊有“以小车推蒸饼卖之”；永昌坊有茶肆；新昌坊有客舍。

金山中学高二年级英语期中质量抽查卷2018.4（考试时间：120分钟满分：150分）第 II 卷（共110分）I. Listening comprehensionSection A Short conversationsDirections: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. A. In a bookstore. B. In a grocery.C. In a stationery shop.D. In a shopping mall2. A. Diner and waitress. B. Librarian and reader.C. Ticket seller and customer.D. Teacher and student.3. A. She is not hungry B. She wants to dine out.C. She doesn’t like cooking.D. She feels awful today.4. A. The postcard has been lost. B. The man will go to the post office.C. The local post office is closed.D. The woman is expecting a postcard.5. A. To a bank B. To Macao.C. To a travel agency.D. To a gymnasium.6. A. There will be too many people at the party.B. He feels sorry that the woman is not coming.C. It makes people happier to have more parties.D. The woman can bring her brother to the party.7. A. The man is extremely fond of traveling.B. The woman has taken many pictures at the contest.C. The man admires the woman’s talent in writing.D. The woman is an experienced photographer.8. A. The new dress is for warm weather. B. The new dress makes her look cool.C. She doesn’t like cold weather at all.D. She bought the dress when it was warm.9. A. A nice hair-style. B. An old photo.C. A wonderful wedding.D. An unforgettable friend.10. A. She could hardly find the truth. B. She doesn’t agree with the man.C. She is good at finding a place to stay.D. She had no travel experience in Russia.Section B PassagesDirections: In Section B, you will hear two short passages, and you will be asked three questions on each of the passages. The passages will be read twice, the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11. A. The jeep was returned to his friend.B. The jeep was shot by a villager.C. The jeep made through a difficult trip to the destination.D. The jeep went wrong and had to be stopped.12. A. An old villager called a repairman to solve the problem.B. The man had to call his friend over to solve the problem.C. Some bananas were used to cover the hole on the tank jacket.D. The villagers helped to drag the car to the repair place.13. A. Bananas are much more useful than other fruits.B. Many things can be useful in unexpected fields.C. Bananas should be used a lot in the car industry.D. A person should always lend good cars to friends.Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.14. A. 100. B. 200. C. 300. D. 500.15. A. To lengthen the limit of working hours of the pilots.B. To strictly punish the pilots who fall asleep when flying.C. To shorten the pilots’ night flying time.D. To find new ways to fix mechanical problems.16. A. Poor cooperation between the pilot and the co-pilot.B. Automatic flight adopted by most planes.C. Pilot exhaustion during the flights.D. Natural threats including storms and fogs.Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation17. A. Because he didn’t have her number.B. Because he thought it was unnecessary.C. Because he wished his luggage would be found soon.D. Because he had to attend a business meeting.18. A. His flight number and arrival time. B. The cause of the flight’s late arrival.C. The number of his luggage check.D. The description of his luggage.19. A. On the plane ticket. B. At the information desk.C. At the check-in counter.D. From the record of his flight.20. A. Missing luggage is unlikely to be found.B. There are important documents in his luggage.C. It is possible for the man to get his luggage today.D. The man thinks it is difficult to find his baggage.Ⅱ. Grammar and vocabularySection ADirections: After reading the passages below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.Your comfort zone is basically all of the situation in which you feel confident and “at home”; for example, doing the job you’ve done for a long time, (21)________（socialize）with a group of people you know well or living in a place you (22)________(live）all your life. Stepping out of your comfort zone, for example, starting a new job, going to a party where you don’t know anyone or moving to another part of the country, can be frightening, but (23)________ you do so, your confidence grows.Confident people also have comfort zones, but the difference between them and people (lack) (24)________confidence is (25)________they are willing to take risks and try new things (26)______ ______ ______ their fears.Confidence comes from taking action, not from inaction; each time you succeed in doing something (27)________ you fear, your comfort zone will expand. If you drive, think of your first driving lesson – probably you (28)________(terrify) at the thought of driving 100 meters –but as you gradually improved your skills, your confidence grew and now you could probably drive 100 miles (29)________ worrying.If you lack confidence, you may find yourself (30)________(stick) in a situation you are unhappy with – such as being in a relationship that is no longer working, spending hourstravelling to work on the bus or train because you fear learning to drive, or doing a job you dislike or find fulfilling --- because you are too afraid to take the first step towards changing your life.Section BDirections: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.It is a familiar scene these days: employees taking newly laid-off co-workers out for a drink for comfort. But which side deserves 31 more, the jobless or the still employed? On March 6, researchers at a conference at the University of Cambridge heard data suggesting it's the latter: compared with people who are straight-up laid off, those who keep their job but under a constant threat of losing it suffer a great 32 _ in mental well-being.Brendan Burchell, a Cambridge sociologist, presented his analysis based on various surveys conducted across Europe. The data suggest that employed people who feel insecure in their jobs show 33 levels of anxiety and depression as those who are unemployed. Although a newly jobless person’s mental health may “bottom out” after about six months, and then even begin to improve, the mental state of people who are 34 worried about losing their job “just continues to get worse and worse”, Burchell says.Evolutionary psychologists support this theory by arguing that human beings feel more stress during times of 35 because they sense an immediate but invisible threat. Patients have been known to experience higher levels of anxiety, for example, while waiting for examination results than knowing what they are suffering from—even if the result is cancer. It's better to get the bad news and start doing something about it rather than wait with anxiety. When the 36___ con tinues, people stay in a nonstop “fight or flight” response, which leads to 37 stress.But not every employee in insecure industries has such a 38 view, Burchell says. In general, women get on better. While reporting higher levels of anxiety than men when directly __39 , women scored lower in stress on the GHQ 12, even when they had a job they felt insecure about losing. As Burchell explains, “For women, most studies show that any job— it doesn't matter whether it is secure or insecure —gives p sychological improvement over unemployment.” Burchell supposes that the difference in men is that they tend to feel pressure not only to beemployed, but also to be the 40 breadwinner, and that more of a man’s self-worth depends on his job.III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passages there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.As computer technology has improved, today’s onl ine environments have become more complex and realistic. One website that has 41 over six million Internet users is Second Life. Second Life is a three-dimensional (3-D) online world where people work, shop, sell and trade items, meet others, go to con certs and much more. Users, who are called “residents,” create their own characters, or “avatars,” They use their avatars to 42 Second Life’s virtual world.Just like any country, Second Life has its own 43 . Using a credit card, users can buy “Linden Dollars,” the official currency of Second Life. With Linden dollars, they can 44 land or even an entire island where they can build and decorate their own house. Land is treated as a valuable commodity （商品） in Second Life. Residents can choose to rent or sell their land to other users, and they can earn real money from these 45 _ .When residents want to be 46 , they can use their avatars to interact with others. There are games, shopping malls, clubs, and many kinds of stores 47 to residents. With so many opportunities for interesting things to do and see, it’s easy to see why so many users devote so much time to the site.Second Life offers users a quick and easy 48 from the real world. Many residents see this as one of the main 49 of using the site. Spending time on Second Life allows them to escape the stresses and problems of their daily lives. If a user is having a stressful day at work, she can visit a beautiful island, go skiing, or even fly to another planet during her lunch break.50 escaping the stress of their daily lives, users can also escape who they are in the real world and live out their fantasies. 51 , residents can change their occupations, physical appearance, and even their nationalities. A doctor from the United States can be a Brazilian musician on Second Life. 52 , Second Life lets users live in a world without 53 .Although Second Life started as a way for people to escape the real world, it has become more and more 54 to the real world in many ways. Now on Second Life, some countries have virtual embassies, businesses have meetings in 55 rooms, and universities have places wherestudents can view the campus and take classes. Today, Second Life allows users to experience both fantasy and reality in the same place.41. A. persuaded B. devoted C. attracted D. contacted42. A. explore B. create C. fight D. approach43. A. environment B. fortune C. society D. economy44. A. cultivate B. purchase C. insure D. access45. A. instructions B. withdrawals C. deals D. conducts46. A. entertaining B. detective C. different D. social47. A. available B. affordable C. applicable D. adaptable48. A. suffering B. discouragement C. escape D. tolerance49. A. satisfactions B. dominations C. conveniences D. benefits50. A. In addition to B. Instead of C. In view of D. With regard to51. A. On top of that B. As a result C. For example D. Besides52. A. However B. Basically C. Inevitably D. Additionally53. A. starvation B. imaginations C. connection D. limitations54. A. exposed B. adjusted C. similar D. essential55. A. man-made B. distinctive C. functional D. virtualSection BDirections: Read the following passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read. （A）Behind most of the bad things we do to our bodies as adults, eating more than we should is the idea we carry with us from childhood. On one hand, we assume that we are indestructible. On the other hand, we think that any damage we impose on ourselves can be undone when we finally clean up our act.If the evidence for how wrong the first idea is isn’t apparent when you stand naked in front of the mirror, just wait. But what if you eat right and drop all your bad habits? Is there still time to repair the damage?To a surprising degree, the answer is yes. Over the past five years, scientists have collected a wealth of data about what happens when aging people with bad habits decide to turn their lives around.The heartening conclusion: the body has an amazing ability to heal itself, provided the damage is not too great.The effects of some bad habits —smoking, in particular—can haunt you for decades. But the damage from other habits can be largely healed.“Any time you improve your behavior and make lifestyle changes, they make a difference from that point on.” says Dr. Jeffrey Koplan. “Maybe not right away. It’s like slamming on the brakes. You do need a certain distance. ”But the distance can be remarkably short. Consider the recent announcements from the front lines of medical research:—A study concluded that women who consume as little as two servings of fish a week cut their risk of suffering a stroke to half that of women who eat less than one serving of fish a month. —The day you quit smoking, the carbon monoxide levels in your body drop dramatically. Within weeks, your blood becomes less sticky and your risk of dying from a heart attack starts to decline…Adopting healthy habits w on’t cure all that bothers you, of course. But doctors believe that many chronic diseases—from high blood pressure to heart disease and even some cancers—can be warded off with a few sensible changes in lifestyle.Not sure where to start? Surprisingly, it doesn’t matter, since one positive change usually leads to another. Make enough changes, and you’ll discover you’ve adopted a new way of life.56. Most people with bad habits of eating more than they should believe that ______.A. they can never change the habits that have haunted them for decadesB. their bodies cannot be damaged by the bad habitsC. their bodies can heal all the damage without the help from outsideD. they can force themselves to clean up the had habits later57. The evidence against the assumption that we are indestructible_____.A. is seldom apparentB. is clearly shown in the mirrorC. will appear obvious sooner or laterD. is still a question58. According to the recent announcements______.A. women should eat as much fish as possibleB. women are at a higher risk of suffering a stroke than menC. men don’t have to eat as much fish as womenD. eating a little more fish can improve women’s health59. It is implied in the passage that______ .A. smokers have lower levels of carbon monoxide than non-smokersB. the blood of smokers is more sticky than that of non-smokersC. smokers will be unlikely to die from heart attack if they quit smokingD. chronic diseases can be cured if we drop our habit of smoking（B）Beijing is hardly alone in its air pollution problems. The world Health Organization has said that roughly half of the world’s urban population is exposed to pollution at least 2.5 times higher than it recommends.While it may take years to fix this global problem, innovative minds in the Asia region have come up with creative solutions for living with air pollution.DIY PurifierThomas Talhelm started worrying about the air inside his Beijing home during “airpocalypse”(空气末日) in 2013 wh en Beijing’s air quality index skyrocketedto a terrifying 755.The scholar couldn’t afford the luxury of an expensive air purifier. “Filters (过滤器) are actually very simple—a high efficient filter is all you need to get over96% of the PM2.5,” he said.With three of his friends, Talhelm created Smart Air, an air purifier consisting of a basic household fan with a high efficient filter attached to it.It works as efficiently as the big brands selling for thousands of dollars, removing more than 90 p ercent of PM2.5 in your room, according to Talhelm’s research. Invisible MaskInfipure’s “nose mask”claims to cut 99% of PM2.5 without the trouble ofa surgical face mask.The filters, made from special materials, are inserted into your nose and aim to be undetectable.“People care about their health, but don’t want all the downsides that comewith a traditional face mask,” Infipure co-founder Francis Law explained. Plant BackpackTaiwanese artist Chui Chih has designed a survival device for an apocalyptic world. Named Voyage on the Planet, a potted plant is housed inside a clear backpackhooked up to two tubes to bring fresh air to a face mask. It’s a bold, abstract idea from an oxygen tank.Smog VacuumDaan Roosegaarde has been working on a smog vacuum that will suck pollutants from the sky to the ground like a vacuum, making way for clean air.A byproduct of this smog vacuum, namely The Smog Free Tower, is the “smog ring”—a piece of jewelry made from smog particulates(微粒).“The pollution we suck up, the small particulates, we don’t throw them away.We put them under pressure for a couple of weeks and they crystallize(结晶),creating something like a diamond,” Roosegaarde explains.60. Thomas Talhelm invented Smart Air for all the following reasons except _______.A. the high price of the big brandsB. the poor quality of the indoor airC. the help from three of his friendsD. the simple principle behind the device61. If someone wants to travel around in those polluted days, which product will he mostprobably choose for the sake of convenience?A. Smart Air.B. The Smog Free Tower.C. Voyage on the Planet.D. Infipure’s nose mask.62. In which solution the inventor also makes use of the dust collected from the polluted air?A. Invisible Mask.B. Smog Vacuum.C. Plant Backpack.D. DIY Purifier.（C）A scientist working at her lab bench and a six-month-old baby playing with his food might seem to have little in common. After all, the scientist is engaged in serious research to uncover the very nature of the physical world, and the baby is, well, just playing…right? Perhaps, butsome developmental psychologists have argued that this“play”is more like a scientific investigation than one might think.Take a closer look at the baby playing at the table. Each time the bowl of rice is pushed over the table edge, it falls to the ground—and, in the process, it brings out important evidence about how physical objects interact; bowls of rice do not float in mid-air, but require support to remain stable. It is likely that babies are not born knowing this basic fact of the universe; nor are they ever clearly taught it. Instead, babies may form an understanding of object support through repeated experiments and then build on this knowledge to learn even more about how objects interact. Though their ranges and tools differ, the baby’s investigation and the scientist’s experiment appear to share the same aim(to learn about the natural world), overall approach (gathering direct evidence from the world), and logic (are my observations what I expected?).Some psychologists suggest that young children learn about more than just the physical world in this way—that they investigate human psychology and the rules of language using similar means. For example, it may only be through repeated experiments, evidence gathering, and finally overturning a theory that a baby will come to accept the idea that other people can have different views and desires from what he or she has, for example, unlike the child, Mommy actually doesn’t like Dove chocolate.Viewing childhood development as a scientific investigation throws light on how children learn, but it also offers an inspiring look at science and scientists. Why do young children and scientists seem to be so much alike? Psychologists have suggested that science as an effort —the desire to explore, explain, and understand our world—is simply something that comes from our babyhood. Perhaps evolution provided human babies with curiosity and a natural drive to explain their worlds, and adult scientists simply make use of the same drive that served them as children. The same cognitive (认知的) systems that make young children feel good about figuring something out may have been adopted by adult scientists. As some psychologists put it, “It is not that chi ldren are little scientists but that scientists are big children.”63. According to some developmental psychologists, _________.A. a baby’s play is nothing more than a game.B. scientific research into babies’ games is possibleC. the nature of babies’ play has been thoroughly investigatedD. a baby’s play is somehow similar to a scientist’s experiment64. We learn from Paragraph 2 that_______.A. scientists and babies seem to observe the world differentlyB. scientists and babies often interact with each otherC. babies are born with the knowledge of object supportD. babies seem to collect evidence just as scientists do65. Children may learn the rules of language by________.A. exploring the physical worldB. investigating human psychologyC. repeating their own experimentsD. observing their parents’ beh aviors66. What is the main idea of the last paragraph?A. The world may be more clearly explained through children’s play.B. Studying babies’ play may lead to a better understanding of science.C. Children may have greater ability to figure out things than scientists.D. One’s drive for scientific research may become stronger as he grows.Section CDirections: Read the following passage and choose the most suitable sentences to fill in the blanks and complete the passage. There are two extra sentences you do not need.Who Writes the President's Speeches?The president of the United States must be an orator. The president gives an annual address on the State of the Union and speaks at the inauguration and other special events. ____67____In his Gettysburg Address, Abraham Lincoln spoke fewer than 300 words, but those words have become immortal. Franklind. Roosevelt set the standard for later presidents in his 30 “fireside chats”, which aired on the radio and dealt with the Great Depression and World War II.Beginning with George Washington, American presidents often sought assistance with the content and wording of their speeches, although they may have done the writing themselves.____68____ The first President to assign the task of speechwriting to an aide, however, was Calvin Coolidge(1923-1929), the laconic president whose nickname was "Silent Cal”. The aides name was Judson Welliver. (Today, there is a bipartisan organization for former presidential speechwriters, the Judson Welliver Society.) Since the middle of the twentieth century, the role of such speechwriters has expanded; the Executive branch now includes an Office of Speechwriting as part of its Department of Communications, Speechwriting and Media Affairs.____69____ In his inaugural speech, John F. Kennedy urged Americans “Ask not what your country can do for you -- ask what you can do for your country”. George H. W. Bush, in his inaugural speech, imagined community volunteers and organizations as “a thousand points of light”. Both of these phrases originated with the gifted men and women who worked as the president's speechwriters.The process of drafting a presidential speech is long and complicated, and different presidents make different contributions. Some write large portions of the text and invite criticism from aides and advisers; others ask speechwriters to draft a speech in its entirety, and then they edit it to their own satisfaction. ____70____ The final product, whatever the process, must “sound” like the person who speaks the words. As one speech writer recently said, “Our concern was not to write a good speech, but to write a good speech that is also his speech”.IV. Summary WritingDirections: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.These days our society develops rapidly and forces people to rush. It appears that people have got used to being in a hurry. However, it’s better for people to take their time and live their life at a slower pace than to hurry to get things done.The main reason that convinces us to oppose doing work in a hurry is the possibility of doing wrongs in a rush. When people do their jobs or take action in a hurry, they can’t make a sound decision and probably regret later. As the say ing goes, “Haste makes waste.” We should think carefully before making a decision and do our work less quickly. We should not make mistakesby doing work hurriedly.Slowing down the pace of life helps people enjoy their life better. For example, taking a train to some place certainly will take more time than taking a plane. However, taking a train makes people have enough time to get to know a lot of new friends. Besides, it allows people to fully enjoy the beautiful scenery along the way. On the contrary, being in a hurry will make us lose chances of enjoying our lives.Finally, slower life pace provides better health conditions for us. As is known to all, taking action in a hurry bothers people and raises their stress. People think if they are not in a hurry, they will become a loser and that annoys them. But being in a hurry can hurt people both physically and mentally. According to some studies, people who have a slower pace suffer fewer diseases, tend to be happier and live much longer than those whose life is tense, even if the former finish jobs more slowly than the latter.In short, working quickly will bring about more material benefits to make our society more advanced. Yet, much stress can’t bring enjoyment, friends and health, which are muc h more important than money and other material advantages. Therefore, take your time and live your life at a slower pace.第 II 卷（共40分）I. Translation (3+3+4+5)Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.72. 和她为鸡毛蒜皮的小事争论不休没有意义。

金山中学2017学年度第一学期高一年级地理学科期末考试卷一、选择题（共80分，每小题2分）1.宇宙中最基本的天体是A. 星云和行星B. 行星和卫星C. 恒星和星云D. 恒星和行星【答案】C【解析】【分析】本题主要考查天体的分类，意在考查学生基础知识掌握情况，难度一般。

【详解】天体是宇宙中物质的存在形式，宇宙中最基本的天体是星云和恒星，故选C。

2.太阳系八大行星中，与地球相邻的是A. 金星和火星B. 水星和金星C. 木星和土星D. 金星和木星【答案】A【解析】【分析】本题主要考查太阳系八大行星的位置，意在考查学生基础知识掌握情况，难度较易。

【详解】八大行星按照距离太阳由近及远的顺序依次为水星、金星、地球、火星、木星、土星、天王星、海王星。

与地球相邻的为金星和火星，故选A。

3.下列关于太阳外部三个层次及该层发生的太阳活动对应正确的是A. 光球黑子B. 色球太阳风C. 日冕日珥D. 光球耀斑【答案】A【解析】【分析】本题主要考查太阳大气层分层及太阳活动，基础性强，难度一般。

【详解】太阳大气层由内向外依次为光球层、色球层、日冕层，光球层上的太阳活动为黑子，色球层为耀斑和日珥，太阳风出现在日冕层，故选A。

4.太阳黑子和耀斑增多对地球的影响有①加剧土地荒漠化②导致地表气温下降③干扰无线电短波通信④指南针不能正确指示方向A. ①②B. ②③C. ③④D. ①④【答案】C【解析】【分析】本题主要考查太阳活动对地球的影响，基础性强，难度一般。

【详解】太阳黑子和耀斑增多的年份，地球气候发生异常，但不一定降水增多或者气温下降，①②错。

耀斑发生释放带电粒子，引起电磁扰动，干扰无线电短波通信，发生磁暴现象，指南针不能正确指示方向，③④对。

故选C。

5.地球上具有生命物质存在的条件，最根本的原因是地球A. 距太阳远近适中、有适当的体积和质量B. 有固体表面C. 自转周期适中D. 公转周期适中【答案】A【解析】【分析】本题主要考查地球存在生命物质的条件，意在考查基础知识掌握情况，难度一般。

2019-2020学年广东省汕头市金山中学高三（上）期末数学试卷（文科）1.（单选题，5分）已知集合P=（-∞，1]∪（4，+∞），Q={1，2，3，4}，则（∁R P）∩Q=（）A.{1，4}B.{2，3}C.{2，3，4}D.{x|1≤x＜4}，则下列结论正确的是（）2.（单选题，5分）已知复数z=21−iA.z的虚部为iB.|z|=2C.z2为纯虚数D.z的共轭复数z=−1+i3.（单选题，5分）设a，b，c，d是非零实数，则“ad=bc”是“a，b，c，d成等比数列”的（）A.充分而不必要条件B.必要而不充分条件C.充分必要条件D.既不充分也不必要条件4.（单选题，5分）在等差数列{a n}中，前n项和S n满足S7-S2=45，则a5=（）A.7B.9C.14D.185.（单选题，5分）已知a=log27，b=log38，c=0.30.2，则a，b，c的大小关系为（）A.c＜b＜aB.a＜b＜cC.b＜c＜aD.c＜a＜b6.（单选题，5分）定义在R上的奇函数f（x）满足f（1+x）=f（1-x），且当x∈[0，1]时，f（x）=x（3-2x），则f（31）=（）2A.-1B.- 12 C. 12 D.17.（单选题，5分）在△ABC 中，AM 为BC 边上的中线，点N 满足 AN ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ =12NM ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ ，则 BN ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ =（ ） A. 16AC ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ −56AB ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ B. 56AC ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ −16AB ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ C. 16AC ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ +56AB ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ D. 56AC ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ +16AB ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ 8.（单选题，5分）已知tan （α+ π4 ）=-2，则sin2α=（ ） A. 310 B. 35 C.- 65 D.- 1259.（单选题，5分）已知函数f （x ）=Asin （ωx+φ）（A ＞0，ω＞0，|φ|＜ π2）的部分图象如图所示，下列说法正确的是（ ）A.f （x ）的图象关于直线 x =−2π3 对称 B.f （x ）的图象关于点 (−5π12，0) 对称C.将函数 y =√3sin2x −cos2x 的图象向左平移 π2 个单位得到函数f （x ）的图象D.若方程f （x ）=m 在 [−π2，0] 上有两个不相等的实数根，则m 的取值范围是 (−2，−√3] 10.（单选题，5分）如图，网格纸上小正方形的边长为1，粗线画出的是某个三棱锥的三视图，则该三棱锥的外接球表面积是（ ）A.4πB.9πC.41π4D.12π11.（单选题，5分）设数列{a n }满足a 1=2，且a n+1=a n +2（n+1），若[x]表示不超过x 的最大整数，（例如[1.6]=1，[-1.6]=-2）则[ 22a 1 ]+[ 32a 2 ]+……+[ 20192a 2018]=（）A.2020B.2019C.2018D.201712.（单选题，5分）已知函数f （x ）= {2x +1，x ＜0|12x 2−2x +1|，x ≥0 方程[f （x ）]2-af （x ）+b=0有5个不同的实根，则 ba取值范围是（ ） A.（0， 23 ） B.[0， 23 ） C.（0，1） D.[0，1）13.（填空题，5分）已知曲线y=ax 3+x 2-a 在（1，1）处的切线过点（2，6），那么实数a=___ ．14.（填空题，5分）设向量 a =（ √3 ，1）， b ⃗ =（x ，-3），且 a ⊥ b ⃗ ，则向量 a - b ⃗ 在向量 b⃗ 方向上的投影是___ ． 15.（填空题，5分）如图，在直三棱柱ABC-A 1B 1C 1中，∠ABC=90°，AB=2，BC=CC 1=1，则异面直线AB 1与BC 1所成角的余弦值为___ ．16.（填空题，5分）分形几何学是一门以不规则几何形态为研究对象的几何学．分形的外表结构极为复杂，但其内部却是有规律可寻的．一个数学意义上分形的生成是基于一个不断迭代的方程式，即一种基于递归的反馈系统．下面我们用分形的方法来得到一系列图形，如图1，线段AB的长度为a，在线段AB上取两个点C，D，使得AC=DB= 14AB，以CD为一边在线段AB的上方做一个正六边形，然后去掉线段CD，得到图2中的图形；对图2中的最上方的线段EF作相同的操作，得到图3中的图形；依此类推，我们就得到了以下一系列图形：记第n个图形（图1为第1个图形）中的所有线段长的和为S n，则（1）S3=___ ；（2）如果对∀n∈N*，S n＜2019恒成立，那么线段AB的长度a的取值范围是___ ．17.（问答题，12分）已知数列{a n}的前n项和为S n，点（n，S n）（n∈N*）在函数f（x）= 12x2+ 12x的图象上．（1）求数列{a n}的通项公式；（2）设数列{1a n a n+2}的前n项和为T n，证明：T n＜34．18.（问答题，12分）如图，三棱柱ABC-A1B1C1的所有棱长都是2，AA1⊥面ABC，D，E分别是AC，CC1的中点．（1）求证：AE⊥平面A1BD；（2）求三棱锥B1-ABE的体积．19.（问答题，12分）汕头市有一块如图所示的海岸，OA，OB为岸边，岸边形成120°角，现拟在此海岸用围网建一个养殖场，现有以下两个方案：方案l：在岸边OA，OB上分别取点E，F，用长度为1km的围网依托岸边围成三角形EOF （EF为围网）．方案2：在∠AOB的平分线上取一点P，再从岸边OA，OB上分别取点M，N，使得∠MPO=∠NPO=θ，用长度为1km的围网依托岸边围成四边形PMON（PM，PN为围网）．记三角形EOF的面积为S1，四边形PMON的面积为S2．请分别计算S1，S2的最大值，并比较哪个方案好．20.（问答题，12分）设椭圆x2a2+y2b2=1（a＞b＞0）的左焦点为F1，离心率为12．F1为圆M：x2+y2+2x-15=0的圆心．（Ⅰ）求椭圆的方程；（Ⅱ）已知过椭圆右焦点F2的直线l交椭圆于A，B两点，过F2且与l垂直的直线l1与圆M交于C，D两点，求四边形ABCD面积的取值范围．21.（问答题，12分）已知函数f（x）=xcosx-2sinx+1，g（x）=x2e ax（a∈R）．（1）证明：f（x）的导函数f'（x）在区间（0，π）上存在唯一零点；（2）若对任意x1∈[0，2]，均存在x2∈[0，π]，使得g（x1）≤f（x2），求实数a的取值范围．注：复合函数y=e ax的导函数y'=ae ax．22.（问答题，10分）在直角坐标系xOy中，以原点为O极点，以x轴正半轴为极轴，圆C 的极坐标方程为ρ=4 √2cos(θ+π4)．（1）将圆C的极坐标方程化为直角坐标方程；（2）过点P（2，0）作斜率为1直线l与圆C交于A，B两点，试求1|PA|+1|PB|的值．23.（问答题，0分）已知函数f（x）=|x-2|-|x-1|．（1）解不等式f(x)＞12；（2）若正数a，b，c，满足a+2b+4c=f(12)+2，求√1a+2b+4c的最小值．。