摘要:谚语来源于生活，是一个民族语言和文化的高度浓缩和集中体现。它可以反映出一个国家的地理、历史、宗教等文化背景。研究一个国家的文化必然要研究其谚语。英汉谚语作为两种不同的语言瑰宝，由于其独特的文化而表现出明显的差异。因此,如何忠实地翻译谚语,把一种文化在另一种文化中再现出来,成了每一个译者不可推卸的责任。本文借助一些典型的例子，从起源、地理环境、风俗习惯、宗教信仰、历史文化等文化侧面入手，进行比较与分析，探讨了英语谚语和汉语谚语之间存在的差异。英汉谚语本身的特点以及其独特的文化背景使谚语的翻译比较困难。为了忠实、通顺地再现英语原谚,可以灵活运用四种译法。本文讨论了直译、意译、对等翻译、直译和意译相结合等翻译方法。
关键词：英汉谚语；文化；文化差异；翻译原则；翻译方法
Abstract: Proverbs, which derive from life are the condensation and embodiment of the language and culture of a nation. They can reflect geography, history, customs of a nation. So it is necessary to study a nation's proverbs when we try to study its culture. English and Chinese proverbs, being treasures of two different languages, see distinct differences resulted from cultural differences. This essay uses some typical examples to compare and analyze the differences between English and Chinese proverbs from the point of origin, geographical environment, customs, religious beliefs and historical culture, etc. Proverbs are difficult to translate because of their distinctive characteristics and their unique cultural backgrounds. In order to present an adequate translation of a proverb, we can use four translation methods flexibly: literal translation, free translation, equivalent translation and literal translation combined with free translation.
Key words: English and Chinese proverbs; culture; cultural differences; translation principles; translation methods
一、引言
谚语来源于生活，是一个民族语言和文化的高度浓缩和集中体现。英国哲学家弗朗西斯?培根说：“Genius wit and spirit of a nation are discovered by their proverbs.”（一个民族的天赋、智慧和精神都从他们的谚语中表现出来）。由于地理、历史、宗教信仰、生活习俗等方面的差异，英汉谚语承载着不同的民族文化特色和文化信息，它们与文化传统紧密相连，不可分割。[1]本文借助一些典型的例子，从起源、地理环境、风俗习惯、宗教信仰、历史典故等文化侧面入手，探讨了英汉谚语之间存在的文化差异。
由于英汉两种语言的文化背景差异，同样字面意义、形象意义的话可能具有完全不同的隐含意义。隐含意义才是说话人或作者所要表达的真正意义。英汉谚语之间的多方面差异可归为两类：一是形象意义的差异，一是隐含意义（包括褒贬义）的差异，而它们都是字面以外的意义，即文化差异的具体反映。[2]本文试图对英汉谚语的翻译作一些探索，提出了英语谚语翻译的具体原则及方法。
那么何为谚语呢？谚语是通俗简练、生动活泼的韵语或短句，它经常以口语的形式在人民中间广泛地沿用和流传，是人民群众表现实际生活经验或感受的一种“现成话”。[3]它是在民
间流传的固定短语,用简单通俗的话反映出深刻的道理,是社会经验的总结。谚语作为民间文学形式的一种，具有诗的活泼，文的凝重，熟语的简洁。[4]
二、英汉谚语中所反映的文化差异
英国文化人类学家爱德华·泰勒在《原始文化》（1871）一书中，首次把文化作为一个概念提了出来，并表述为：“文化包括知识、信仰、艺术、道德、法律、风俗以及其作为社会上习得的能力与习惯。”[5]可见文化的覆盖面很广。谚语作为文化的一个组成部分，反映一个民族丰富多彩的文化现象。英汉谚语所反映的文化差异主要表现在以下几个方面：
（一）、起源差异
首先，英汉谚语都受到宗教思想的影响，但同中又有异。英谚受基督教的影响，反映了基督教的伦理道德和行为规范，如：No respecter of persons.（一视同仁）；Man propose，God disposes.（谋事在人，成事在天）等,而汉谚则受到“儒”、“释”、“道”三教的影响，如：“养儿防老，积谷防饥”是儒家的思想；“不看僧面看佛面”是佛教的思想；“饶人不是痴，过后讨便宜”是道家的思想。
其次，英汉谚语的起源差别还是很大的。英谚中有大量出自典章及名人的作品中那些脍炙人口的词句，如：Never say die.（永远不要说“死定了”）出自英国小说狄更斯的《匹克威克外传》；而汉语文史学家们则认为汉谚相当一部分出自社会生活和生产实践，如：“远亲不如近邻”是对日常生活经验的总结。
除此之外，英谚中有许多来自拉丁文、法文等的外来语，有些甚至保留了原文，如：Cherchez la femme.(找出祸水)这是一句保留在英文中而以法语原文形式出现的谚语；而汉谚吸收了大量少数民族谚语,如:“劣行过四十年仍会败露”来自维吾尔族谚语；英谚中有许多来自寓言故事、神话传说，如:Love is blind.（爱情是盲目的）来自罗马神话，而汉谚中有大量农谚，如“宁在时前，不在时后”。[6]
（二）、地理环境的差异
谚语的产生与人们的生活密切相关。英国是一个四面环海的岛国，英吉利海峡是欧洲许多国家通向大西洋的唯—出口，也是世界上最繁忙的海上要道之一。因此英国历史上航海业曾一度领先于世界，这对英谚的形成有很大的影响。英语中就有许多与航海有关的谚语，如：to take the wind out of one’s sail（先发制人，抢占上风），to go with the stream/tide（随波逐流、顺应时势），to be all at sea（不知所措）。英国独特的地理环境使捕鱼业在其经济中占有相当重要的地位，这也为英语留下了大量与渔业有关的谚语，如：hook(land)one's fish(如愿以偿，用诡计得到想要的东西)，have other fish to fry(有其他鱼要煎——有其他事要做)，play a fish(让上钩的鱼不停地拖动钩线而致疲乏)等。而中国是一个内陆国家，千百年来以农业为主，人与土地有着不可分割的联系。因此汉语中就有许多与河流、土地和农业有关的谚语如：
一帆风顺、过河拆桥、隔岸观火、拔苗助长、五谷丰登、瓜熟蒂落、春华秋实、根深蒂固、沧海桑田等。[7]
（三）、习俗差异
英汉习俗差异是英汉文化差异的一个重要方面，最典型的莫过于在对狗的态度上。狗在汉语中是一种卑微的动物。汉语中与狗有关的词语大都含有贬意：狐朋狗党、狗急跳墙、狼心狗肺、狗腿子等。尽管近年来养庞物狗的人数大大增加，狗的地位似乎有所改变，但狗的贬义形象却深深地留在汉语言文化中。而在西方英语国家，狗被认为是人类最忠诚的朋友，所以西方人不吃狗肉。英语中有关狗的谚语除了一部分因受其他语言的影响而含有贬义外，大部分都有褒义。在英语谚语中，常以狗的形象来比喻人的行为,如:Every dog has his day.（人皆有出头日）；Love me, love my dog.（爱屋及乌）等。与此相反，中国人十分喜爱猫，用猫比喻人，常有亲呢的成份，如：A cat has nine lives.(吉人自有天相)，而在西方文化中，猫被用来比喻心地恶毒的女人，如：Cats hide their claws.（知人知面不知心）。[8]以狐狸为形象时，汉语强调狐狸尾巴露出破绽。如：The tail does often catch the fox.(常凭尾巴抓到狐狸)，而英语强调狐狸花招多，难对付，如：When the fox preaches, then beware your geese.（遇上狐狸说教，当心鸡鹅被盗）。汉语认为失去马也无妨，说不定会带来好运，如:塞翁失马，焉知非福，而在英语里认为马不可失，如：Better lose the saddle than the horse.(宁可丢鞍，不可失马)。
（四）、宗教信仰方面
宗教信仰是人们精神活动的一个方面，对民族文化有一定的影响。与宗教信仰有关的谚语也大量地出现在英汉语言中。佛教传入中国已有一千多年的历史，人们相信有佛祖在左右着人世间的一切，因此汉语中有许多含“佛”、“庙”等的谚语，如“借花献佛”、“无事不登三宝殿”；
[9]汉语反映道教思想的谚语有“福兮祸所伏，祸兮福所倚”、“乐极生悲”等。以孔子为祖师的儒家学派在思想意识上也占有重要位置，儒家思想在汉语谚语体系中留下了宝贵的财富，如：“严于律己，宽以待人”、“恭敬不如从命”；有关幸福的谚语如：“平安就是福”、“身在福中不知福”；还有像“天下兴亡，匹夫有责”、“谁言寸草心，报得三春晖”等提倡伦理教化和道德修养的谚语。在西方许多国家，特别是在英美，人们信奉基督教，在基督教中，上帝是唯一的、至高无上的神。因此在宗教生活及其活动中产生了许多带有浓厚的宗教色彩的英语谚语，如：Nature does nothing in vain.(造物主无所不能)；God helps those who help themselves.（上帝帮助自助的人）；[10]In the right church ，but in the wrong pew.（进对了教堂，但坐错了椅子）比喻“总的来说是对的，但细节上不对”。[11]
（五）、历史典故
英汉两种语言中还有大量由历史典故形成的谚语，在中国典籍中，谚语多半出现在诗书、传说、诸子论著中，这些谚语结构简单，意义深远，对人很有警策和教育意义。如“名落孙山”、“叶公好龙”等都来自历史典故。《诗经》中的“他山之石，可以攻玉”；《论语》中名句有“学而时习之，不亦乐乎？”、“有朋自远方来，不亦悦乎?”等。而英语典故谚语的来源主要有以
下几个方面。一是来自《圣经》的谚语，如：We are all Adam’s children(我们都是亚当的子孙)；二是来自希腊罗马神话的谚语，如：Pandora’s box(潘多拉之盒—灾难、麻烦、祸害的根源)。三是来自《伊索寓言》，如：a dog in the manger（狗占马槽，占着茅坑不拉屎）。
[12]四是由莎士比亚等文学大师的作品中来，如：Brevity is the soul of wit.（简洁是智慧的灵魂）。[13]当然，英语谚语的来源不是单一的英国文献，而是多种来源，除以上提到的外，还有来自西欧各语言的谚语。例如，俄国作家列夫·托尔斯泰在《安娜·卡列尼那》一书中写的：All happy families resemble one another, every unhappy family is unhappy in its own way.（幸福的家庭彼此相似,不幸的家庭各有其不幸）。来自法语的谚语有:Don’t put the cart before the horse.(不要本末倒置)等。
玉不琢，不成器: C: A piece of jade unless cut forms no article of vertu. / E: An uncut gem goes not sparkle. / The finest diamond must be cut. / Unpolished pearls never shine. 十年树木，百年树人: C: It takes ten years to grow a tree and a hundred years to bring up a generation of good men. / E: It takes three generations to make a gentleman. 学无止境: C: knowledge is infinite / E: progress sometimes uses a comma, but never a full stop. 此地无银三百两: never try to prove what nobody doubts. 严师出高徒: C: Good pupils are to be brought up by strict teachers. / E: It is the bridle and spur that makes a good horse. 得不偿失: give a lark to catch a kite. 对症下药: a disease known is half the cure. 君子之交淡如水: a hedge between keeps friendship green. 化干戈为玉帛: bury the hatchet. 家和万事兴: he is happiest, be he king or peasant, who finds peace in his home. 江山易改，本性难移: the leopard cannot change its spots. 留得青山在，不怕没柴烧: where there is life, there is hope. 狡兔三窟: the mouse that has but one hole is quickly taken. 举一反三: half a tale is enough for a wise man. 当局者迷，旁观者清: outsiders see more than insiders. / standers-by see more than gamesters. 世上无难事，只怕有心人: dogged does it. 笨鸟先飞: C: a slow sparrow should make an early start. / E: a lame traveler should get out betimes. 冷暖自知: every man is best known to himself. 有情人终成眷属: every jack has jill. 宁为玉碎不为瓦全: better death than dishonor. 情人眼里出西施: if jack is in love, he is no judge of jill’s beauty. 拳不离手，曲不离口: no day without a line. 吃一堑，长一智: by falling we learn to go safely. 塞翁失马: no great loss without some small gain. 天无绝人之路: god tempers the wind to the shorn lamb.
【名人名言(中英文对照)（励志篇）】【名人名言】奋斗 1. Genius only means hard-working all one's life. (Mendeleyer , Russian Chemist) 天才只意味着终身不懈的努力。 (俄国化学家门捷列耶夫) 2. I have nothing to offer but blood, toil tears and sweat. (Winston Churchill, British Politician) 我所能奉献的没有其它，只有热血、辛劳、眼泪与汗水。(英国政治家丘吉尔 . W.) 3. Our destiny offers not only the cup of despair , but the chalice of opportunity.(Richard Nixon, American President ) 命运给予我们的不是失望之酒，而是机会之杯。(美国总统尼克松 . R.) 4. Patience is bitter, but its fruit is sweet. (Jean Jacques Rousseau , French thinker) 忍耐是痛苦的，但它的果实是甜蜜的。 (法国思想家卢梭. J. J.)
5. There is no royal road to science, and only those who do not dread the fatiguing climb of gaining its numinous summits. (Karl Marx, German revolutionary ) 在科学上没有平坦的大道，只有不畏劳苦沿着其崎岖之路攀登的人，才有希望达到它光辉的顶点。( 德国革命家马克思. K .) 6. The man who has made up his mind to win will never say " impossible". (Bonaparte Napoleon ,French emperor ) 凡是决心取得胜利的人是从来不说“不可能的”。( 法国皇帝拿破仑. B.) 7. To do whatever needs to be done to preserve this last and greatest bastion of freedom. (Ronald Reagan , American President ) 为了保住这最后的、最伟大的自由堡垒，我们必须尽我们所能。(美国总统里根. R.) 8. Where there is a will , there is a way .( Thomas Edison , American inventor ) 有志者，事竟成。 (美国发明家爱迪生. T.)
英语谚语大全（中英互译） 本文是关于英语谚语大全（中英互译），仅供参考，希望对您有所帮助，感谢阅读。 1、All beginnings are hard. 万事开头难。 2、A book is like a garden carried in the pocket. 书是随时携带的花园。 3、A friend is a second self. 朋友是第二个自我。 4、A candle lights others and consumes itself. 蜡烛照亮了别人，燃尽了自己。 5、All work and no play makes Jack a dull boy. 只工作而无娱乐会使人愚钝。 6、A good conscience is a continual feast. 白日不做亏心事，夜半敲门心不惊。 7、A good name is better than riches. 好名誉胜过有财富 8、A bad workman always blames his tools. 劣工咎器。 9、A snow year, a good year. 瑞雪兆丰年。 10、Act fairly by all men. 一视同仁。 11、A man can die but once. 人生只有一次死。 12、A match will set fire to a large building. 星星之火，可以燎原。
13、A miss is as good as a mile. 失之毫厘，差之千里。 14、A bad beginning makes a bad ending. 开头不好，结尾必糟。 15、A man can not spin and reel at the same time. 一心不能二用。 16、Adversity makes a man wise, not rich. 困难和不幸不能使人富有，却能使人聪明。 17、A word to the wise is enough. 聪明人不用细说。 18、A good beginning makes a good ending. 欲善其终 , 必先善其始。 19、After rain comes fair weather. 否极泰来。 20、A body without knowledge is like a house without a foundation. 人无知犹如房屋无基。 22、A door must be either shut or open. 门不关就得开，二者必居其一。 / 非此即彼。 23、A little body often harbors a great soul. 浓缩的都是精品。 24、A man can do no more than he can. 凡事只能量力而行。 25、A little of everything, and nothing at all. 样样皆通，样样稀松。 26、A picture is a poem without words. 画为无言诗。 27、A word spoken cannot be recalled. 一言说出，难以收回。
经典英文谚语100句 1．Pain past is pleasure. （过去的痛苦就是快乐。）[无论多么艰难一定要咬牙冲过去，将来回忆起来一定甜蜜无比。] 2．While there is life, there is hope. （有生命就有希望/留得青山在，不怕没柴烧。） 3．Wisdom in the mind is better than money in the hand. （脑中有知识，胜过手中有金钱。）[从小灌输给孩子的坚定信念。] 4．Storms make trees take deeper roots. （风暴使树木深深扎根。）[感激敌人，感激挫折！] 5．Nothing is impossible for a willing heart. （心之所愿，无所不成。）[坚持一个简单的信念就一定会成功 6．The shortest answer is doing. （最简单的回答就是干。）[想说流利的英语吗那么现在就开口 7．All things are difficult before they are easy. （凡事必先难后易。）[放弃投机取巧的幻想。] 8．Great hopes make great man. （伟大的理想造就伟大的人。） 9．God helps those who help themselves. （天助自助者。） 10．Four short words sum up what has lifted most successful individuals above the crowd: a little bit more. （四个简短的词汇概括了成功的秘诀：多一点点！）[比别人多一点努力、多一点自律、多一点决心、多一点反省、多一点学习、多一点实践、多一点疯狂，多一点点就能创造奇迹！] 11．In doing we learn. （实践长才干。) 12．East or west, home is best. （东好西好，还是家里最好。)
1.有志者事竟成.Nothing is impossible to a willing heart./Where there is a will there is a way. 2.千里之行始于足下The longest journey begins with the first step. 3.积少成多Every little helps. 4.满招损,谦受Pride hurts,modesty benefits. 5.世上唯有贫穷可以不劳而获Nothing is to be got without pain but poverty. 6.伟业非一日之功/冰冻三尺非一日之寒Rome was not bult in a day. 7.一寸光阴一寸金寸今难买寸光阴.Lost years are worse than lost dollars. 8.自助者天助God helps those who help themselves 9.欲速则不达More haste,less speed. 10.台上十分钟台下十年功One minute on the stage needs ten years practice off stage. 11.好的开端是成功的一半.Well begun is half done. 12.酒好不怕巷子深Good wine needs no bush. 13.成功源于勤奋Industry is the parent of success. 14.英雄所见略同.Great minds think alike. 15.熟能生巧Practice makes perfect. 16.静水流深.Still waters run deep. 17.滴水穿石Little stone fell great oaks. 18.前事不忘后事之师The membrance of the past is the teacher of the future. 19.君子之交淡如水A hedge between keeps friendship green. 20.机不可失时不再来Take time while time is,for time will away. 21.集思广益.Two heads are better than one. 22.未雨绸缪Provide for a rainy day. 23.真金不怕火炼True blue will never strain. 24.必须相信自己这是成功的秘诀You have to believe in yourself.That's the secret of success. 25.燕雀安知鸿鹄之志A sparrow cannot understand the ambition of a swan. 26.身正不怕影子歪A straight foot is not afraid of a crooked shoe. 27.天涯何处无芳草.There is plenty of fish in the sea. 28.大智若愚.Cats hind their paws. 29.人不可貌相海水不可斗量.Judge not a book by its cover.(Never judge from appearances.) 30.有情人终成眷属.All shall be well,Jack shall have jill. 31.海内存知己天涯若比邻The world is but a little place,after all. 32.宁为鸡头不为凤尾.It is better to be a head of dog than a tail of a lion.. 33.良药苦口.A good medicine tastes bitter. . 34.知识就是力量.Knowledge is power. 35.金钱不是万能的.Money is not everything. 36.时不我待.Time and tide wait no man. 37.少壮不努力老大徒伤悲A young idler,an old beggar. 38.趁热打铁.Strike while the iron is hot. 39.天生我才必有用.Every man has his price. 40.看破生死的人能成大事.He who sees through life and death will meet with most success. 41.世上无难事只要肯登攀Nothing is impossible to a willing heart 42.不入虎穴,焉得虎子Noting venture, noting gain. 43.不鸣则已一鸣惊人.It never rains but it pours.
L 共 155 条 https://www.doczj.com/doc/b24026495.html,bour is light where love doth pay. 爱情作酬报，劳苦必轻松。 https://www.doczj.com/doc/b24026495.html,bour is often the father of pleasure. 勤劳常为快乐之源。 https://www.doczj.com/doc/b24026495.html,bour is the capital of our working men. 劳动力是劳动人民的资 本。 https://www.doczj.com/doc/b24026495.html,ck of knowledge is darker than night. 没有知识比黑夜还要黑。 https://www.doczj.com/doc/b24026495.html,te repentance is seldom true. 后悔少有诚意。 https://www.doczj.com/doc/b24026495.html,ugh and grow fat. 心宽体胖。 https://www.doczj.com/doc/b24026495.html,ugh, and the world laughs with you; weep, and you weep alone. 你笑，人人陪你笑；你哭，惟独你自哭。 https://www.doczj.com/doc/b24026495.html,ugh at your ills, And save doctors' bills. 生病不忧虑，节省医 药费。 https://www.doczj.com/doc/b24026495.html,ugh before breakfast you'll cry before supper. 乐极生悲。 https://www.doczj.com/doc/b24026495.html,w makers should not be law breakers. 正人先正己。 https://www.doczj.com/doc/b24026495.html,ws catch flies but let hornets go free. 法网只捉苍蝇，不捉黄 蜂。 https://www.doczj.com/doc/b24026495.html,wsuits consume time, and money, and rest, and friends. 诉讼将 消耗时间、金钱、休息和失去朋友。 https://www.doczj.com/doc/b24026495.html,zy folks take the most pains. 懒汉多吃苦。 14.Learning is an ornament in prosperity, a refuge in adversity, and a provision in old age. 学问在得意时是装饰品，失意时是庇护 所，年老时是供应品。 15.Learning is wealth to the poor, an honour to the rich, an aid to the young, and a support and comfort to the aged. 学问是穷人的财富，是富人的荣誉，是青年的帮助，是老年的支持和安慰。 16.Learning makes a good man better and ill man worse. 知识能使好 人更好，坏人更坏。 17.Learning without thought is labour lost; thought without learning is perilous. 学而不思则罔，思而不学则殆。 18.Learn to creep before you leap. 循序渐进。 19.Learn to say before you sing. 按部就班。 20.Learn to suffer without complaining; that is the best thing I can teach you. 要学会受痛苦而不怨，这是我教你的至要之事。 21.Learn to walk before you run. 循序渐进。 22.Learn wisdom by the follies of others. 要从别人的愚行中学到聪 明。 23.Learn young, learn fair. 学习趁年轻，既学就学好。 24.Least said, soonest mended. 多说反坏事。 25.Lend your money and lose your friend. 赔了夫人又折兵。 26.Let beggars match with beggars. 龙配龙，凤配凤。 27.Let bygones be bygones. 既往不昝。 28.Let difficulties occur but not the loss of courage. 纵使困难重 重，也不丧失勇气。
中英文相对应的谚语 浑水摸鱼 成语出处: 语源和意源不详.公元前6世纪希腊寓言家伊索的《伊索寓言渔夫》 中讲的是混水摸鱼的故事：一位渔夫在河里捕鱼时，先拦河张网，然后用绳子拴上石块，面向鱼网击打水底，鱼吓得到处乱游，有些撞进网里。当地有人见渔夫这样做，责怪他把水搅浑了，使人不能喝到清水。渔夫说：“若不是把水搅浑，我就捕不到鱼，捕不到鱼，我就得饿死。” 有人把它作为“浑水摸鱼”的来源。我们认为寓言译介到中国来的时间与《三十六 计》成书时间的先后关系有待进一步考证。 Teach fish to swim. Showing Off One's Proficiency with the Axe Before Lu Ban the Master Carpenter 班门弄斧典故（中英对照） 古代有一个建筑和雕刻技术非常高超的人，名叫鲁班，木匠行里尊称他为祖师。传说他曾用木头制作了一只五彩斑斓的凤凰，能够在空中飞翔三天不掉下来。在鲁班门前摆弄斧子，当然显得有些自不量力了。 Lu Ban was supposed to be a consummate carpenter in ancient times. It is said that he once carved a wooden phoenix that was so lifelike that it actually flew in the sky for three days. Thus it was considered the height of folly to show off one's skill with an axe in front of Lu Ban. “班门弄斧”这个成语，用来比喻在行家面前显示本领。 This idiom excoriates those who show off their slight accomplishments in front of experts. Don't teach your grandmother to suck eggs. 休要班门弄斧。 A new broom sweeps clean. 意思：比喻刚出任新职时,总要摆出架势好好做几件事,一显威风与才干。三国的诸葛亮西元207年,在刘备三顾茅庐后,他答应出来辅佐一连三次用火攻,烧了博望坡、新野再与孙权联合火攻曹操于赤壁，这就叫新官上任三把火了。引申出来的意思是意思是说:新官员上任时,常常做出几件事以表现自己的才干和革除时敝的决心,过后也就一切如旧。Business is business. 成语典故: 公事按公事的原则办，不讲私人情面。成语出处: 清李宝嘉《官场现形记》第三十三回：“藩台见人家不来打点，他便有心公事公办，先从余荩臣下手。” Out of office, out of danger. 成语典故: 不做官了，感到一身轻松。封建官僚官以后常用这句话来自我安慰。现也泛指卸去责任后一时感到轻松。 The style is the man. 成语典故: 指文章的风格同作者的性格特点相似。成语出处: 宋苏轼《答张文潜书》：“子由之文实胜仆，而世俗不知，乃以为不如；其为人深不愿人知之，其文如其为人。” Pride goes before a fall. 成语典故: 骄傲的军队必定打败仗。
英汉语成语、习语、俗语的比较与翻译 Lead up: The Pure Brightness Day; All Soul s' Day; The Clear-and-Bright Feast; the Rainy Season of Spring; the Tomb-visiting Day; The Mourning Day 吴钧陶译The Pure Brightness Day It drizzles thick on the Pure Brightness Day; I travel with my heart lost in dismay. Is there a public house somewhere, cowboy? He points at Apricot Bloom Village far away. 杨宪益、戴乃迭译：In the Rainy Season of Spring It drizzles endless during the rainy season in spring, Travelers along the road look gloomy and miserable. When I ask a shepherd boy where I can find a tavern, He points at a distant hamlet nestling amidst apricot blossoms. 许渊冲译The Mourning Day A drizzling rain falls like tears on the Mourning Day; The mourner's heart is going to break on his way. Where can a wineshop be found to drown his sad hours? A cowherd points to a cot 'mid apricot flowers. 一．例句 1. to kill two birds with one stone 2. to flog a dead horse；do sth in vain; make futile efforts 鞭打死马；白费力气 3. a drop in a bucket 沧海一粟；太仓一粟；九牛一毛；微不足道；微乎其微；不足挂齿 4. to teach a pig to play on a flute 教猪吹笛；对牛弹琴； . 过街老鼠 5 （直译）like a rat crossing the street （意译） the object of universal condemnation; a bad man hated by everybody 6. 门庭若市 （直译） the courtyard is like a market. （意译） a much visited house; a busy town; bustling; crowded 7. 望梅止渴 （直译）to gaze at plums to quench one ' s thirst （意译）to console oneself with false hopes; to feed on fancies （illusion）; imagined satisfaction; a Barmecide （《一千零一夜》中一个口惠而实不至的人物）feast. 8. 危如累卵 （直译）as dangerous as a pile of eggs （意译）hazardous in the extreme; great insecurity; in a precarious condition; at stake, at risk; at hazard; in peril; in danger; perilous; risky; critical... 9. A nod is as good as a wink to a blind horse. （直译）点头也好，眨眼也好，示意盲马，同样无效。
谚语中英对照 1、天生万物，唯人为贵man is the most valuable among all the things that heaven fosters. 2、民为重，社稷次之，君为轻。people are the most important element in the state, next are the government and grain, least is the ruler himself. 3、二人同心，其利断金and as a saying from t he book of changes goes, ”if two people are of the same mind, their sharpness can cut through metal. 4、一乡之善士斯友一乡之善士，天下之善士斯友天下之善士。in so many different ways, we are upholding the teachings of mencius, who said:”a good citizen in one community will befriend the other citizens of the community;a good citizen of the world will befriend the other citizens of the world.” 5、不登高山，不知天之高也；不临深渊，不知地之厚也。one can never be aware of the height of the sky or the depth of the earth, if he does not climb up a high mountain or look down into a deep abyss. 6、但愿人长久，千里共婵娟。we wigh each other a long life so as to share the beauty of this graceful moonlight, even though miles apart. 7、独在异乡为异客，每逢佳节倍思亲。 a lonely stranger in a strange land i am cast, i miss my family all the more on every festive day. 8、二人同心，其利断金。if two people are of the same mind, their sharpness can cut through metal. 9、海内存知己，天涯若比邻。 a bosom friend afar brings distance
Believe no tales from the enemy. 切莫轻信敌人。 Believe not all that you see nor half what you hear. 眼见的不能全信，耳闻的也不能半信。 Believe somebody on his bare word. 人言无据，切勿轻信。 Benefits please like flowers, while they are fresh. 恩泽让人欣喜，犹如鲜花使人心醉。 Be prepared to put one's hand in one's pocket. 准备慷慨解囊。 Be slow in choosing a friend; slower in changing. 选择朋友要审慎，摒弃更要审又慎。 Be slow to promise and quick to perform. 不轻诺，诺必果。 Be swift to hear, slow to speak. 多听少说。 Better a bachelor's life than a slovenly wife. 过光棍生活，胜过有一个邋遢老婆。 Better a glorious death than a shameful life. 忍辱贪生不如死得光荣。 Better a little fire to warm us, than a great one to burn us. 适量的火好取暖，熊熊烈火能焚身。 Better an egg today than a hen tomorrow. 前程虽远大，现实尤可贵。 Better an empty purse than an empty head. 宁可钱袋瘪，不要脑袋空。 Better an open enemy than a false friend. 明枪易躲，暗箭难防。 Better are small fish than an empty dish. 有胜於无。 Better be alone than in bad company. 交损友不如无友。 Better be out of the world than out of fashion. 不合潮流不如脱离尘世。 Better be poor than wicked. 宁可做穷人，不要做坏人。 Better be the head of a dog than the tail of a lion. 宁为犬首，不作狮尾。 Better be the head of an ass than the tail of a horse. 宁为驴头，不为马尾。
英文经典谚语（俗语）30例详解 老外平时除使用许多俚语（slang）外，也常夹些格言（adage）、俗语（proverb）、引语（quotation）、警句（saying）或是众所周知的道理（truism）。这些玩儿，也与中文里不少的格言或俗语等意义相近。使用起来，颇有「异曲同工」之妙。 1.Like attracts（或draws）like. 意思是：相同的人吸引相同的人。(like 指similar people）这与另一句谬语「Birds of a feather flock together.」（相同羽毛的鸟在一起）意义相似。（a=same）也就是咱们常说的「物以类聚」或「同声相应，同气相求」。 2.(Too much) familiarity breeds contempt. 意思是说：相处过於亲密，就会产生侮慢之心（不尊重）（即low opinion）（breed = create）这句话又与另一句俗语「Too thick does not stick.」（太稠或太浓反而黏不住）意思相近。也就是说：「closeness brings disagreement.」（亲不敬，熟生蔑）; 就是劝人：「君子之交淡如水」或「保持距离，以策安全」。 3.Once bitten（或bit），twice shy. 就是说：一次被咬，下次胆小。或是一次上当，下次小心。（shy = avoid）动词时态：bite, bit, bitten（或bit）这又与另一句俗语「A burnt child fears（或dreads）the fire.」（被灼伤的小孩怕火）相似。说白些，就是：When you have bad experience, you don't want to have the same experience again. 这不就是「一朝被蛇咬，见绳也心惊」或「一日被蛇咬，十年怕草绳」吗？ 4.A stitch in time save nine. 意思是：「一针及时省九针」。也是「一针不补，十针难缝」或「小洞不补，大洞叫苦」的味道。这句警语与「An ounce of prevention is worth a pound of cure.」（一分的预防，胜於十分的治疗）意义相近。此外，还有：「Don't wait for a rainy day to fix the roof.（不要等到下雨时才去修补屋顶）; 或「Always prepare for a rainy day.」或「Prepare for the worst and hope for the best.」（做最坏的打算和最好的希望）这些警语，说的都是「未雨绸缪」。 5.Old habits die hard. 意思是说：改掉老习惯很不容易。「It is difficult to break an old habit.」这与另一句谚语：「You can not teach an old dog new tricks.」（你不能教老狗新把戏）。这就是所谓「江山易改，本性难移」。 6.Absence makes the heart grow fonder. 意思是：一个人不在时，使人内心更想念。 「When a person is absent, we may think of him／her more often.」与「久别情深」、「眼不见，心更念」、「人去情渐深」，或是「一日不见如隔三秋」的意味相近。 7.A penny saved is a penny earned. 据说这是Ben Franklin 的引语。照字面意义是：能存一分钱，就是赚了一分钱。後来有人改口说：Take care of your pennies（=pence）and the pounds (=dollars）will take care of themselves. 说白些，就是：If you save small amount of money, you will eventually have a large sum of money. 就是中国人所谓「积少成多，集腋成裘」。（这句话也可指小事谨慎，大事自成。） 8.When in Rome, do as the Romans do.意思是说：当在罗马时，就照罗马人的（生活）方式去
种瓜得瓜，种豆得豆No pains,no gains. 祸从口出言多必失The tongue cuts the throat. 骄兵必败Pride goes before a fall. 无官一身轻Out of office, out of danger. 公事公办Business is business. 积少成多Many a little makes a mickle. 新官上任三把火A new broom sweeps clean. 近朱者赤，近墨者黑He that lives with cripples learns to limp. 班门弄斧Teach fish to swim. 良药苦口A good medicine tastes bitter. 浑水摸鱼Fish in troubled waters. 天网恢恢，疏而不漏Justice has long arms. 英雄所见略同Great minds think alike. 宁为玉碎，不为瓦全. Better die with honor than live with shame. 不入虎穴，焉得虎子Nothing venture,nothing have. 谋事在人，成事在天Man proposes,God disposes. 前事不忘后事之师The remembrance of the past is the teacher of the future. 未雨绸缪Live within your means and save for a rainy day. 成功源于勤奋Industry is the parent of success. 树大招风Names are debts. 人急造反，狗急跳墙Despair gives courage to a coward. 熟能生巧Practice makes perfect. 心旷神怡，事事顺利A merry heart goes all the way. 知足常乐Content is better than riches. 看人看年少，看天看破晓Childhood shows the man,as morning shows the day. 和气生财Cheek brings success. 大智若愚，大巧若拙Cats hide their paws. 大事未成时，莫开庆功宴Catch the bear before you sell his skin. 他山之石，可以攻玉By other's faults，wise men correct their own. 塞翁失马，焉知非福Behind bad luck comes good luck. 机不可失，时不再来Take time while time is,for time will be away. 欲速则不达More haste,less speed 以眼还眼，以牙还牙An eye for an eye,and a tooth for a tooth. 滴水穿石Little strokes fell great oaks. 兵不厌诈All is fair in war. 天下无不散之宴席All good things came to an end. 英雄所见略同Great minds think alike. 祸不单行Misfortunes never come alone. 谋事在人，成事在天Man proposes,god disposes. 情人眼里出西施Beauty is in the eye of the beholder. 时不我待/岁月无情Time and tide wait for no man. 少壮不努力，老大徒伤悲A young idler,an old beggar. 家有万贯财，不如一身健Health is better than wealth. 无官一身轻Out of office,out of danger. 生命在于运动Rest breeds rust. 不入虎穴，焉得虎子Nothing venture,nothing have. 覆水难收Things done cannot be undone.
关于经典英文谚语100条 谚语跟成语一样都是语言整体中的一部分，可以增加语言的鲜明性和生动性。以下是由橙子为大家推荐的经典英文谚语100条，欢迎大家学习参考。 1、A contented mind is perpetual feast知足常乐。 2、A covetous man is good to none but worse to himself 贪婪的人对别人毫无好处，对自己却坏处更大。 3、A crafty knave needs no broker狡猾的流氓，不需居间人。 4、A creaking door hangs long on its hinges户枢不蠹。 5、A discontented man knows not where to sit easy不满足者坐无宁时。 6、A disease known is half cured病情确诊断，治病好一半。 7、A dog will not howl if you beat him with a bone骨头打狗狗不叫。 8、A dog's mouth emits no ivory狗嘴里吐不出象牙。 9、A fair death honors the whole life死得其所，流芳百世。 10、A fair face may hide a foul heart人不可貌相。 11、A faithful friend is hard to find知音难觅。 12、A fall into a pit, a gain in your wit吃一堑，长一智。 13、A fall into the pit, a gain in your wit吃一堑，长一1 / 8