基于ARM9的LINUX操作系统移植_毕业设计

基于ARM9的LINUX操作系统移植Transplantation of Linux Operation System Based on ARM9

摘要

随着电子技术的不断更新，嵌入式已经涉及到各行各业了，在智能家电，数字移动终端等这些行业嵌入式软件开发的需求下，嵌入式集成开发环境已经成为目前嵌入式系统发展的趋势。Linux作为优秀的开源操作系统软件被广泛应用到嵌入式操作系统中，它的实用性，可移植性，支持大容量的内存，MMU（微控制器）和I/O 系统等得到了体现。

本次设计主要研究了嵌入式Linux系统从PC机向开发板上移植的过程，硬件平台是基于CPU：三星S3C2440A，采用ARM920T 内核，主频400MHZ。本文介绍了嵌入式系统的概念和现状以及嵌入式系统的开发模式，介绍了内核启动流程，对Bootloader启动进行了分析，移植了Linux内核，移植了文件系统yaffs以及自己的LED程序移植。以上烧写的文件均是官网下载的，这样可以使得Linux在开发板上更流畅的运行。

本次设计成功的将嵌入式Linux系统移植到了FL2440开发板，文件系统运行正常，可通过触摸屏进行操作，LED程序调试成功，并在开发板上得到了运行结果。对以后Linux开发打下了很好的基础。

关键词：嵌入式系统Linux Bootloader 文件系统

Abstract

Along with the continuous renewal of electronic technology, the development of embedded system has become the mainstream of science and technology, under the requirements of embedded software development in the intelligent home appliance, digital mobile industry, the embedded integrated development environment has become the trend of the development of the embedded system at present. Linux as excellent open source operating system software has been widely applied to embedded operating system,whose featares such of practical applicability, portability, supporting large capacity memory, MMU (microcontroller) and I/O system have been reflected.

Mainly from the PC to transplant process the embedded Linux system are studied on the development board, hardware platform is based on CPU: samsung S3C2440A, adopted ARM920T kernel, dominant frequency 400 MHZ. This paper introduces the concept of embedded system and the status quo and development mode of the embedded system, the kernel boot process is introduced, the Bootloader startup was analyzed, and the transplantation of the Linux kernel, transplant yaffs file system as well as their own LED transplant program.The above writing files are the official website to download, so you can make the Linux more smoothly in the development board to run.

The design successful porting embedded Linux system to FL2440 development board, file system running normal, can be operated by touch screen, LED program debugging is successful, and gets the results on the development board. For future study Linux development laid a good foundation.

Key words: embedded system Linux Bootloader file system

目录

摘要 ................................................................................................................................ I Abstract ....................................................................................................................... II 绪论 . (1)

1 嵌入式Linux系统构成和软件开发环境 (5)

1.1嵌入式Linux系统的体系结构 (5)

1.2 嵌入式Linux系统硬件平台 (5)

1.2.1 S3C2440A处理器简介 (5)

1.2.2 硬件系统整体结构 (7)

1.3 嵌入式Linux开发软件平台建立 (12)

1.3.1 ADS1.2 集成开发环境 (12)

1.3.2 DNW串口调试软件 (12)

2 嵌入式Linux的引导BootLoader程序 (14)

2.1 BootLoader概述 (14)

2.2 NAND Flash和NOR Flash的区别 (14)

2.3 BootLoader移植 (15)

3 Linux内核的编译、移植 (21)

3.1 Linux2.6内核的新特性简介 (21)

3.2 Linux内核启动流程 (21)

3.3 内核移植的实现 (22)

4 移植文件系统yaffs (24)

4.1 yaffs文件系统简介 (24)

4.2 yaffs文件系统移植的实现 (24)

5 移植自己的程序 (30)

5.1 移植开机画面 (30)

5.2 移植LED程序 (31)