英语倒装句的用法

英语倒装句的用法

英语倒装句的用法

英语句子按主谓排列顺序来分有正常语序和倒装语序。正常语序的结构是“主语+谓语”，倒装语序为“谓语（或谓语的一部分）+主语”。1）部分倒装---- 助动词\情态动词+主语+谓语的实义动词型

2）全倒装---- 谓语+主语型

在以下结构中用全倒装

此结构通常只用与一般现在时和一般过去时。常见的结构有：

1.在there be或者There live(stand,appear.seem,remain,exist….) 句型中；

如There are thousands of peopl e on the square. Thousands of peopl e are there on the square.

There lived an ol d fisherman in the village. 原语序：An ol d fisherman lived there in the village.

There stands a littl e girl. 正常语序：A littl

2.在“here, there, now,thus, then+动词+主语”

的句子中,(谓语动词为be, go, come, lie, run 等转移动词一起连用，主语为名词);

如: Now comes my turn. There goes the bell. Then came the order to l eave.

Here comes a bus= A bus comes here.

A）此类倒装不用进行时态。Here comes a taxi! There goes the last train! 有辆出租车来了! 最后一班火车开走了! (注意这里不可用进行时)

B）上述全部倒装的句型结构的主语必须是名词，如果主语是人称代词则不能完全倒装。Here it comes！There it goes！

3.在“out\ in, up\ d own, off\away，in the distance,on the hill,round the corner”等表示方向性的副词或表示地点的介词词组位于句首，且主语又是名词，谓语是表示运动的动词。Away went the crowed one by one. In came a stranger in black.

Out rushed the chil dren.. Down fell the l eaves. On the fl oor were pil es of ol d books.

☆注意：主语必须是名词

eg: Out she went.There they are. Here he comes. 而Out went the girl. Here comes the boy.

地点状语后面如有表示位置的动词(如lie, live, sit, stand) 或转移的动词(如come, go, rise)，用作主语的名词可以放在动词之后。这种情形主要出现在描写文中。如：

At the top of the hill stood the tiny chapel. 那座小教堂矗立在山顶上。

In the fields of poppies lay the dying soldiers. 罂粟地里躺着奄奄一息的士兵们。

别的动词如属被动语态也可以倒装。

In the distance could be seen the pu rple mountains. 远处可以见到紫色的山。

主语如是代词则不能倒装：

At the top of the hill it stood out ag ainst the sky. 它背衬青天矗立在山顶上。

有时为了强调或者为了使句子平衡或者为了使上下文连接得更加紧密，就将表语和地点状语(多为介词短语)置于句首，谓语动词也常置于主语前，构成完全倒装。如：

By the door stood an armed guard.

门口站着一名手持武器的士兵。At the next t able was a pretty girl waiting for someon e. 隔壁桌上坐着一个等人的漂亮姑娘。

Among these people was his friend Ji m. 他的朋友吉姆就在这些人当中。

By the window sat a young man with a magazine in his hand. 窗户边坐着一个年轻人，手里拿着一本杂志。

At the front of the book is a table of contents, giving details of what is in the book. 书的前部有目录，详列了书中的内容。*4.有时为了强调表语，构成“表语+连系动词+主语”结构；

eg: Lucky is she who was chosen to be a l eader.=She who was chosen to be a leader is lucky.

Gone are the days when women were l ooked down upon!

The days when women were l ooked d own upon are gone!

表语置于句首，且主语较长或结构较复杂的句子要用全部倒装。

如：Gone are the days when we had nothing to eat．

直接引语的一部分或全部放在句首时,如果主语是名词, 有时也用倒装。

“Let’s go,” sa id the man

*5、在某些表示愿望的感叹句，全倒装。Long live the Peopl e's Republic of China!