定语从句(二)

1．He has lost the key to the drawer _____ the papers are kept.A．where B．on whichC．under which D．which【答案】A【解析】考查定语从句的用法。

句意：他把那个放卷子的抽屉钥匙给弄丢了。

这里是一个定语从句，先行词the drawer表示的是地点，所以用where引导的定语从句，它在从句中作地点状语，on which及under which有时也等于where，但是在这里强调的是试卷被锁在了抽屉里，应该是in which故答案选A。

2．It has put me in a position ___________I can’t afford to take the job.A．when B．which C．where D．that【答案】C【解析】考查定语从句。

句意：这使我陷入一种不能接受此工作的境地。

此处position是先行词，在后面的定语从句中作地点状语，故选C。

3．Do you remember those days ____ we had a good time along the seashore?A．when B．that C．which D．what【答案】A【解析】考查定语从句。

句意：你还记得我们在海边玩得很开心的那些日子吗?此处days是先行词，在后面的定语从句中作时间状语，故选A。

4．I still remember the town________ we worked ten years ago.A．where B．there C．which D．what【答案】A【解析】考查定语从句。

句意：我还记得十年前我们工作过的那个小镇。

本句为定语从句，先行词为the town，指地点，从句中缺少地点状语，故A项正确。

5．Some pictures of the river brought the days back to the old people ______ they swam in it.A．who B．where C．when D．that【答案】C【解析】考查分隔定语从句。

定语从句典型错误例析（2）1. 我给他看了我上周在杭州的照片。

【误】 I showed him the photos I took them in Hangzhou last week.【正】 I showed him the photos I took in Hangzhou last week.【析】关系代词或关系副词既代替先行词，又在定语从句中充当必然的成份。

例句为省略了关系代词（that/which）的定语从句，that/which 指代 the photos，在定语从句中充当 took 的宾语，故them多余，应去掉。

2.那个正在修理汽车的人是我的叔叔。

【误】 The man is mending the car is my uncle.【正】 The man who/that is mending the car is my uncle.【析】关系代词在定语从句中充当主语时不可省略，只有作宾语时才能省略that。

本句还能够译为The man mending the car is my uncle.（-ing形式短语mending the car作the man 的后置定语。

）3. 这只风筝是你父亲昨天为你扎的吗？【误】 Is this kite your father made for you yesterday?【正】 Is this kite the one (that) your father made for you yesterday?【析】假设把this看做kite的修饰语，短语this kite为主句的主语，这时咱们能够看出主句中缺少表语，即定语从句的先行词，因此应该加上代词the one。

若是咱们把this看做代词，作句子的主语，那么kite应该为句子的表语，那么能够看出先行词kite前缺少定冠词the。

故本句还可改成：Is this the kite (that/which) your father made for you yesterday?4. 她告知我的就这些。

2017年士兵军考英语考点归纳：定语从句（二）关键词：士兵考军校士兵军考张为臻军考英语定语从句定语从句公式定语从句=先行词+关系词+从句先行词指被定语从句修饰的名词、代词或句子。

一般先行词出现在定语从句的前面。

关系词关系词常有3个作用：①连接作用，连接主句和定语从句。

②指代先行词。

③在定语从句中担当成分。

注：关系代词有主语、宾语、定语之分。

一般who做主语或其宾格形式的whom做宾语(whom作宾语时可省略)，whose作为定语(whose不可省略)。

关系代词在从句中作主语，宾语，定语等，关系副词在从句中作地点状语(where)，时间状语(when)，原因状语(why)。

定语定语用来限定、修饰名词或代词，是对名词或代词起修饰、限定作用的词、短语(动词不定式短语、动名词表示的)汉语中常用“……的”表示。

主要由形容词担任，此外，名词、代词、数词、分词、副词、不定式以及介词短语也可以来担任，也可以由一个句子来担任。

单词作定语时通常放在它所修饰的词之前，作前置定语。

短语、从句作定语时则放在所修饰的词之后，作后置定语。

被定语从句修饰的名词、代词称为先行词。

如“the girl”，“the book”如:She is the girl who likes singing. 她就是那个喜欢唱歌的女孩。

这就是一个定语从句。

特殊情况：只能用that的情况，先行词为everything，all，little，much等不定代词时；先行词被all，every，no，any，some，little，much，one修饰时；先行词被the only，the very，the same，the last修饰时；先行词被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时；先行词是be的表语或there be 的主语时；先行词有人又有物时；当主句是以who或which开头的特殊疑问句时。

不能用that的情况介词前置时；非限定性定语从句中先行词本身是that多用who，不用that的情况先行词为anyone，one，ones时；先行词为those，he和people时；这些词代替指人，whom在定语从句中指人，"who"和“that”既可作主语又可作宾语(作宾语可以省略,who作宾语变为whom)，that可以指人也可以指物, who不可指物。

定语从句练习(二) 2012-121. Who is the man _____ talked with you just now？a. thatb. whoc. /d. to whom2. He ______ does not reach the Great Wall is not a true man.a. whatb. whoc. whichd. as3. Those ______ not only from books but also through practice will get true knowledge.a. learnb. who learnsc. that learnd. who learn4. Anyone _____ the suggestion may speak out theirs.a. that againstb. who againstc. who is againstd. who are against5. All of the plants now raised on farms have been developed from plants _____ wild.a. once they grewb. that once grewc. once grewd. they grew once6. The worst _____ can occur at this time of the day he passed.a. thatb. whichc. itd. who7. Of all the questions in this paper, the second question ________ with pollution was the most difficult.a. which has something to dob. has something to doc. that has something to dod. that has anything to do8. There seem few movies by Hitchcock ______ she wants to see, for she has seen almost all of his movies.a. thatb. whichc. whod. whom9. ______ friends he had made were all invited to his birthday party.a. Few ofb. A fewc. The fewd. Few10.The teachers hope the little _____ they have been doing will be useful when their students leaveschool.a. whatb. thatc. whichd. as11.The professor claimed to be an expert in computer, but in fact he was quite ignorant on thesubject. _____ he knows about it is out of date.a. Littleb. How muchc. The littled. So much12. All the fruits _______ fall down to the ground are ripe.a. thatb. thosec. whichd. what13. Is there anything here ______ to that man?a. that is belongedb. that belongsc. that belongd.which belongs14. We had to eat standin g up because we hadn’t anything _____ we could sit on, and the grass was too wet.a. asb. wherec. whatd. that15. Which of the buildings _____ are being built will be a school stadium?a. thatb. whichc. /d. they16. No one can tell the number of U.S. pilots and fighter planes _____ were lost in the Pearl Harbor air attack.a. whob. whichc. whatd. that17. This is not the type of modern car _____ my own is.a. whichb. of whichc. asd. that18. The girl from _____ I received the card was someone _____ I met on holiday.a. which … whob. whom … /c. her … whomd. who … that19. Many businessmen feel that doing business is no longer as easy ___used to be.a. asb. as what itc. as itd. as what20. Last term our maths teacher set so difficult an examination problem ______ none of us could work it out.a. asb. thatc. ford. and21.He is such an outstanding leader _____ is loved by the people throughout the country.a. asb. thatc. whichd. who22. The lady was so angry at all _____ Norman was doing _____ she walked out.a. what … thatb. that … thatc. which … thatd. that … what23．I have only a few photos, but can show you _____ I have.a. same asb. such asc. with whichd. all what24．Her fear of flying was _______ she always managed to travel by train or by boat.a. such thatb. such asc. so thatd. so as25．This is the ___bag ___lost yesterday, but it’s not mine.a. same, asb. same, thatc. very, thatd. such, as26. Ice is the same substance ___ water.a. thatb. /c. asd. like27. Please pass me the book ___ cover is yellow.a. whichb. which ofc. itsd. whose28. They were volunteers _____ to help elderly people cross the streets.a. whose was the taskb. to whom the task wasc. whose task it wasd. it was whose task29. The speaker paused to examine his notes, _____ a loud crash was heard.a. at that pointb. at whose pointc. at which pointd. at what point30. Mark was a student at this university from 2000 or 2004, ______ he studied very hard and was made Chairman of the Students’ Union.a. during whose timeb. during which timec. for which timed. by that time31. She may be late, in _____ case we ought to wait for her.a. whoseb. itsc. whichd. that32. With the introduction of the computer, there are no complicated problems _____ can be solved.a. thatb. whichc. asd. but33. There is ______ would be surprised at the news that our team won the game.a. no man but whob. no man butc. not any mand. no man34. The course normally attracts 200 students per year, _____ up to half will be from overseas.a. in whichb. from whomc. with whichd. of whom35.Living in the central Australian desert has its problems, _____ obtaining water is not the least.a. of whichb. for whatc. asd. whose36. The science of medicine, _____ progress has been very rapid lately, is perhaps the most important of all the sciences.a. in whichb. to whichc. with whichd. which37. The rate _____ the natural gas is exploited must be controlled very carefully.a. by whichb. at whichc. in whichd. for which38. People tend to make friends with one _____ they obviously have a lot in common.a. whomb. with whomc. thatd. about whom39. I was struck by the close attention _____ their spellings.a. the students paid tob. which the students paida. for the students to pay d. for the students paying to40. John, _____ money was no problem, started a new company with his friends.a. for whoseb. for whomc. of whomd. of whose41. Could you do me a favor to find me something _____?a. to open the tinb. which I can open the tinc. that I can open the tind. I can open the tin with42. Can you tell me the name of the patient _____ you paid a visit last week?a. whomb. whoc. /d. to whom43. A new-born baby’s influence on a family should be measured by the extent _____ it changes the behaviors and views of the young people.a. whichb. thatc. of whichd. to which44. The other day, my brother drove his car down the street at ______ I thought was a dangerous speed.a. asb. whichc. whatd. that45. The bicycle ______ he often rides need repairing.a. on whichb. in whichc. by whichd. with which46．The box _____ such material is made is very light and lasts long.a. of whichb. from whichc. into whichd. up of which47.The goals _____ I had fought all my life no longer seemed important to me.a. after whichb. with whichc. for whichd. at which48. That was the way ______ the old woman looked after us.a. /b. thatc. in whichd. all of the above49. Generally speaking, the rules of English grammar function_______ those of Chinese grammar do.a. as much the sameb. much in the same wayc. much as the samed. much in the same way where50. The scientists and technicians overcame a lot of difficulty _____ the personal computer.a. having developingb. they had developingc. they had developedd. which has to develop51. You didn’t realize the use ______ the waste.a. which you should have made ofb. which you should have made fromc. of which you should have made fromd. out of which you should have made52. The music brought the days back to me _____ I studied in Toronto University, Canada.a. untilb. thatc. whend. where53. A steel plant is a place ___ steel is made.a. whichb. thatc. whosed. where54 This is the reason ___ he was put in prison.a. of itb. for itc. it whichd. for which55. Have you asked him the reason _______ may explain his absence?a. whyb. /c. thatd. as56. In the room __ several bookshelves __ he puts his books.a. is/whichb. are/whichc. are/on whichd. is/where57. Is this concert hall _____ Maria first made her performance in public in her teens?a. thatb. the onec. whered. which58. Is this the theatre _____ American Opera "Cats‖ will be on show next week?a. whereb. whichc. the oned. that59. It’s hard for me to forget the days ______ I spent with my host family during my trip in Australia.a. whenb. whichc. on whichd. during which60. October the first is the day ___ we Chinese people will always remember.a. whichb. whenc. on whichd. about which61. Hand signs can be useful in places ___ are very noisy and in places ___ are very quiet.a. where...where b where...that c. that...where c that...that62. We are going to spend this Spring Festival in Beijing, ___ live our grandparents and some relatives.a. whichb. thatc. whod. where63. This place, _____ seems so simple that people take it for granted, is actually a bit complicated itself.a. which B. this C. where D. there64. You can find whatever you need at the shopping center, _____ is always busy at the weekend.a. asb. whichc. whered. when65. Training programs are conducted in the country or region _____ the volunteers will serve.a. thatb. for whichc. whend. where66. My husband doesn’t like watching programs _____ couples argue over trivial matters.a. asb. whyc. whichd. where67. The Medical-Legal is a website whose services are focused on any case _____ health or illness is an issue.a. thatb. whichc. whetherd. where68. It is important that parents know of any situation ____ may have impact on their children’s behavior and school performance.a. whereb. where itc. whichd. that .69. Can it be in the classroom ______ you left the keys?a. thatb. wherec. /d. in which70. Was it in the library _____ he often read books _____ she met him?a. that—thatb. where—thatc. which—whered. that—where71. –Where in the world did you see him?-It was in the bookstore _______ you got the novel named ―Sense and Sensibility.‖a. thatb. wherec. whichd. who72. Would you please put the book _____ it belongs?a. to whomb. to whichc. whered. that73. I It was for this reason____________ her uncle moved out of New York and settled down in a small village.a. whichb. whyc. thatd. how74. This is Mr Smith ____ I think has something interesting to tell you.a. whob. whomc. thatd. /75. ---What do you think of the boy?---The boy ____ I thought to be honest fooled me.a. whob. whomc. whichd. what76. The sun warms the earth, _____ makes it possible for plants to grow.a. and whichb. and whatc. and thatd. that77. There are many girls here, none of ____ likes football.a. themb. whomc. whod. which78. The United States is made up of fifty states, and one of _____ is separated from the others by the Pacific Ocean.a. themb. thosec. whichd. whom79. I’m meeting my mother at the airport tomorrow, _____ she will be back from Britain.a. whob. wherec. whend. which80. Mr. Churchman arrived in Paris in 2003, _______ some time later, he became a computer engineer.a. whenb. wherec. whichd. that81. Only those______knew well could be let in.a. whob. hec. thatd. what82. In fact, it is probably impossible for you to read anything without the mind making reference to the framework knowledge ______ has already acquired.a. itb. therec. whatd. which83. A child notices a thousand times a day the difference between the language he uses and the language_____ around him use.a. whob. whichc. thatd. those84. It is the third time ___ late this month.a. that you have come to schoolb. when you have come to schoolc. that you came to schoold. when you came to school85. ________ my uncle came to Shanghai for a visit, he showed great interest in ___ he saw and heard.a. For the first time...whatb. The first time...thatc. Each time...whateverd. At first...all86. Mother bought me a dictionary on my birthday, __ made me very happy.a which b. that c. who d. whom87._____ is mentioned above, the number of the students in their international division isincreasing rapidly these three years.a. Asb. whichc. whatd. that88. _______ is often the case with a new idea, many activities at the beginning and optimistic discussion produce no concrete proposals.a. Itb. Whichc. Thatd. As89. _______, the telephone was first invented by bell.a. It is known to allb. We all know thatc. It is known thatd. As is known to all90. __________language is a tool by means of which people communicate ideas with each other.a. It is known to allb. We all know thatc. It is known thatd. As is known to all91. the price of the food and vegetables was a little higher ____ we had expected.a. asb. thanc. than itd. as it92. I must make full use of the time ________ left to me and do as much as I can to make progress.a. whichb. thatc. there isd. when93. I , _____ a friend of yours, will offer all _____ to help you.a. who is, what I canb. than am, I canc. whom is, what I cand. who am, I can94. We need a more capable leader, _____ with strong will as well as good humor.a. thatb. whoc. whichd. one95. The climate of the country is similar _____ of other large continental areas in the temperate zone.a. to whichb. for whichc. by thatd. to that96 Jack is _______ who knows how to work out the problem.a．one of the boys b．the only one of the boyc．not one of the boys d．the only one of the boys97. 3,500 is the number of students in the city who _______ for the charity since last August.a. have volunteeredb. has volunteeredc. volunteeredd. will volunteer98. It is the fact ___he doesn’t know his birthday ___surprises us all.a. which ; whichb. that; thatc. which; thatd. that; which99. It was about four o’clock _______ I finished writing the reporter.a. sinceb. thatc. whend. which100. Before doing homework, you should go over important points mentioned in class _____ points _____ you remain confused about.a. and … /b. whose … /c. and … whatd. whose … what。

下载毙考题APP免费领取考试干货资料，还有资料商城等你入驻邀请码：8806 可获得更多福利2018考研英语翻译语法讲解：定语从句（2）后置法第二种：后置法所谓后置法，是指把定语从句独立成句，翻译到所修饰的先行词之后。

非限制性定语从句与先行词关系不是很密切，往往采用后置法。

而在考研英语翻译中，有时划线句子所包含的定语从句虽是限制性的，但由于从句嵌套等原因，使得定语从句较复杂，这时如果直接将之翻译到所修饰的定语从句之前，就会显得臃肿不堪，读起来也会离汉语表达习惯相差万里，因此我们只能另辟蹊径，采取后置法。

具体操作方式是，通过重复先行词或者重复先行词的对应代词来引出定语从句的内容。

下面通过具体的例子进行详细说明。

1)One place where children soak up A-characteristics is school , which is , by its very nature , a highly competitive institution .2)They have been spurred in part by DNA evidence made available in 1998 , which almost certainly proved Thomas Jefferson had fathered at least one child with his slave Sally Hemings . 3)Immigrants are quickly fitting into this common culture , which may not be altogether elevating but is hardly poisonous .上面这三个句子中出现了三个定语从句，这些从句本身较复杂，且作为非限制性定语从句，与各自先行词的关系也不密切，我们可以考虑采用后置法。

五．介词+关系代词引导的定语从句Mandela was the black lawyer to whom I went for advice.= Mandela was the black lawyer whom I went to for advice.The man from whom I learned the news is an engineer.= The man whom I learned from the news is an engineer.The computer for which I paid 5,000yuan is made in Shenzhen.=The computer which I paid5,000yuan for is made in Shenzhen.I still remember the day on which （=when）I went to Beijing.The factory in which （=where ）I work is a large one.介词后的关系代词指人只能用whom, 指物只能用which, 不能用that如何选择介词：1.根据定语从句中谓语动词来选择介词。

The woman _______ whom I just spoke is my English teacher. speak___ the womanDo you know the girl_______ whom the man talked just now? talk____ the girlThe person _______ whom I borrowed 10$ is my brother. borrow 10$ ____the personThis is the house ________ which I lived two years ago. live ___ the houseI bought a great many books，_____ which I spent all my money that I saved．2.根据定语从句的先行词确定介词He will never forget the day _____ which he joined the army. _____ the dayMy father bought me a pen ______ which I could write. ______ the penThere is a big tree outside,_______ which the children are playing. _______ the tree.3.根据定语从句中的形容词来确定介词。

（后面的练习题附有答案，请同学们先自主完成，然后对照答案！）定语从句的用法一、定语从句的概念在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。

被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词，定语从句一般放在先行词的后面。

二、定语从句的关系词引导定语从句的关系词有关系代词和关系副词，常见的关系代词包括that，which，who （宾格whom，所有格whose）等，关系副词包括where，when，why等。

关系代词和关系副词放在先行词及定语从句之间起连接作用，同时又作定语从句的重要成分。

三、定语从句的分类根据定语从句与先行词的关系，定语从句可分为限制性定语从句及非限制性定语从句。

限制性定语从句紧跟先行词，主句与从句不用逗号分开，从句不可省去，非限制性定语从句主句与从句之间有逗号分开，起补充说明作用，如省去，意思仍完整。

四、关系代词的用法1. that 既可以用于指人，也可以用于指物。

在从句中作主语或宾语，作主语时不可省略，作宾语可省略。

例如：Mary likes music that is quiet and gentle.玛丽喜欢轻柔的音乐。

（that作主语）The coat （that） I put on the desk is blue.我放在桌子上的那件外套是蓝色的。

（that作宾语） 2.which用于指物，在句中作主语或宾语，作主语不可省略，作宾语可省略。

例如：The building which stands near the train station is a supermarket.位于火车站附近的那座大楼是一家超市。

（作主语）The film （which） we saw last night was wonderful. 我们昨天晚上看的那部电影很好看。

（作宾语）3.who，whom用于指人，who 用作主语，whom用作宾语。

在口语中，有时可用who代替whom，也可省略。

例如：The girl who often helps me with my English is from England.经常在英语方面帮助我的那个女孩是英国人。

智课网IELTS备考资料雅思阅读难句分析之定语从句举例(二)13. While this boundary does not mark the outer limit of a State’s territory, since in international law the territorial sea forms part of a State’s territory, it does represent thedemarcation(分界，定界，界限)between that maritime area(internal waters) where other States enjoy no general rights, and those maritime areas (the territorial sea and other zones) where other States do enjoy certain general rights.尽管这条分界线并不算是国家领土的外缘边界，但是，因为在国际法中领海也是国家领土的组成部分，它的确是其他国家在其内不享有一般权利的海区(内水域)与其他国家在其中享有某些一般权利的那些海区(领海及其他区域)之间的分界线。

14. He finds that students who were easy to teach because they succeeded in putting everything they had been taught into practice, hesitate when confronted with the vast untouched area of English vocabulary and usage which falls outside the scope of basic textbooks.他发现原先比较容易教的学生现在踌躇不前了：原先比较容易教是因为他们能把教给他们的所有东西都付诸实践;现在踌躇是因为他们面对着大量的在基础教科书上所没有接触过的英语词汇和惯用法。