下载文档原格式
新编研究生英语教材 Unit 2课文翻译及课后习题答案Unit 2 LanguageText A Learn by TouchII. Word Study1) hearth2) repent3) tussle4) in the light of5) intercourse6) verbatim7) take the initiative8) gamut9) augmentation10) tactfulIII. Cloze1. B.2. A.3. A.4. C.5. D.6. B.7. A.8. C.9. C.10. D.11. C.12. A.13. D.14. C.15. A.16. C.17. D.18. C.19. A.20. B.IV. Translation1. Translate the following paragraph into Chinese.博物馆和艺术品商店也是带给我快乐和灵感的源泉。
毫无疑问，很多人都觉得奇怪，不凭借视觉，手就能感觉到冰冷的大理石雕像的动作、情感和美；但我的确从触摸伟大的艺术作品中获得了真正的愉悦。
当我的指尖追寻那些起伏的线条时，它们自会发现艺术家所描绘的思想和情感。
我能从雕像的脸上感受到众神和英雄们的憎恨、勇气和爱，正如我能从允许我触摸的活人的脸上察觉出这些感情一样。
我从戴安娜的姿态中触摸到了森林的优雅与自由，还有那驯服山狮与慑服暴戾的气质。
维纳斯的静谧和优雅使我感受到了灵魂的喜悦；而巴雷的铜像则使我仿佛窥见了丛林的秘密。
2. Translate the following paragraphs into English.English is attached great importance in China where English training market is in full swing with so many training centers appearing. Many Chinese, old and young, have made learning English an important part of their daily life. Even preschoolers can remember hundreds of English words. However, behind this globalization is people’s deep concern for Chinese traditional culture.Fortunately, recent years have witnessed a surge of “back-to-the-ancients schools”. It’s said that “knowledge makes a gentleman’. The study of Chinese traditional culture and the reading of Chinese classics exposes students to a wide range of information and makes them well rounded. However, some people are still on the fence, and are ambivalent towards “back-to-the-ancients schools” because they consider this ancient wisdom to be out of tune with the times. In contrast, the Confucius Institute --- that promotes Chinese language and culture, supports local Chinese teaching internationally, and facilitates culture exchange --- has been popular worldwide. By the end of 2012, 400 Confucius Institutes and 535 Confucius Classrooms had been established in 108 countries and regions.课文翻译倚触而学海伦·凯勒1 我生命中最重要的日子是我的老师安妮·曼斯菲尔德·莎莉文到来的那一天。
英语教程2研究生作文When I was a child, I dreamed of exploring the depths of the ocean and discovering the mysterious creatures that reside there. This fascination with the sea only grew stronger as I got older, leading me to pursue a career in marine biology.Studying marine biology as a graduate student has been an eye-opening experience. The field is incredibly vast, encompassing various disciplines such as ecology, genetics, physiology, and conservation. Each day, I am exposed to new and exciting research that pushes the boundaries of our knowledge.One area of study that I find particularly intriguing is marine biodiversity. The ocean is home to a staggering number of species, many of which have yet to be discovered. By studying these species, we can gain insights into their adaptations, behavior, and ecological roles. This knowledge is crucial for developing effective conservation strategies and protecting marine ecosystems.In addition to biodiversity, another important aspect of my research is the impact of human activities on the ocean. Overfishing, pollution, and climate change are just a few of the threats facing marine ecosystems today. Understanding the extent of these impacts and finding ways to mitigate them is a major focus of my work.As a marine biologist, fieldwork is an integral part of my research. Spending time at sea, collecting samples, and observing marine life in their natural habitats is both exhilarating and humbling. It reminds me of the fragility of these ecosystems and the urgency ofour conservation efforts.While the challenges of studying marine biology can be daunting, the rewards are immeasurable. Contributing to the body of knowledge about the ocean and its inhabitants provides a sense of purpose and fulfillment. I hope that my research will contribute to the conservation of marine ecosystems and inspire others to appreciate and protect our oceans.In conclusion, studying marine biology as a graduate student is a privilege and a responsibility. It allows me to explore the wonders of the ocean, conduct meaningful research, and contribute to the preservation of marine life. With each passing day, my passion for the sea deepens, and I am grateful for the opportunity to make a difference in this field.。
英语作文unit 2Unit 2: My Favorite Food。
Food is an important part of our lives. We need it to survive and thrive. But beyond just sustenance, food can also be a source of pleasure and enjoyment. Everyone has their own favorite foods that they love to eat. In this essay, I will talk about my favorite food and why I love it so much.My favorite food is sushi. Sushi is a traditional Japanese dish that consists of vinegared rice, usually topped with raw fish or other seafood, vegetables, and sometimes egg. There are many different types of sushi, each with its own unique flavor and texture. Some of my favorites include salmon sushi, tuna sushi, and shrimp sushi.So, why do I love sushi so much? For one, I love the taste. The combination of the vinegared rice and raw fishcreates a delicious and refreshing flavor that I can't get enough of. I also love the texture of sushi. The soft, sticky rice and the tender, melt-in-your-mouth fish makefor a truly satisfying eating experience.But beyond just the taste and texture, I also love the cultural significance of sushi. Sushi has a long and rich history in Japan, dating back to the 8th century. It was originally created as a way to preserve fish by wrapping it in rice and fermenting it. Over time, sushi evolved into the delicious and sophisticated dish that we know today.In addition to its cultural significance, sushi is also a healthy food choice. Fish is a great source of protein and omega-3 fatty acids, which are essential for good health. And because sushi is often served with vegetables, it's also a great way to get your daily dose of vitamins and minerals.Overall, sushi is my favorite food because of its delicious taste, satisfying texture, cultural significance, and health benefits. Whenever I have the chance to eatsushi, I always jump at the opportunity. It's a food that I will always love and appreciate.。
The new singlesYou know the type. Eleanor Rigby, who picks up the rice in the church where the wedding has been. Austin Powers, proud owner of a Lava lamp, lush chest hair and an equal-opportunity libido. Bridge Jones, of the wobbly ego and much-watched answering machine. The Single, long a stock figure in stories, songs and personal ads, was traditionally someone at the margins of society: a figure of fun, pity or awe.Those days are gone, In the place of withered spinsters and bachelors are people like Elizabeth de Kergorlay, a 29-year-old Parisian banker who views her independence and her own apartment as the spoils of professional success. Scooting around Paris in her Golf GTI, one hand on the wheel and the other clutching her cell phone, de Kergorlay pauses between calls to rave about life alone. “I’m not antisocial,” she says, “I love people. But living alone gives me the time and space for self-reflection. I’ve got the choice and the privacy to grow as a human being.”As the sages would say, we are all ultimately alone. But an increasing number of Europeans are choosing to be so at an ever earlier age. This is n’t the stuff of gloomy philosophical meditations, but a fact of Europe’s new economic landscape, embraced by demographers, real-estate developers and executives alike. The shift away from family life to solo lifestyles, observes French sociologist Jean-Claude Kaufmann, is part of the “irresistible momentum of individualism”over the last century. The communications revolution, the shift from a business culture of stability to one of mobility and the mass entry of women into the workplace has wreaked havoc on Europeans private lives. More and more of them are remaining on their own: they’re living longer, divorcing more and marrying later-if at all. British marriage rates are the lowest in 160 years of records. INSEE, France’s National Institute of Statistics, reports that the number of French people living alone doubled between 1968 and 1990.The home-alone phenomenon remains an urban and a Northern European trend: people live in rural areas – as well as Spaniards, Greeks and Irish – tend to stick to families. By contrast, Scandinavians, Dutch and Germans like to live alone: 40 percent of all Swedes live alone, as do seven million Britons – three times as many as 40 years ago. According to the recent report “Britain in 2010”by Richard Scase, professor of organizational behavior at the University of Kent, single-person households will outnumber families and couples within a decade. In London’s tonier neighborhoods like Kensington and Chelsea, about half of all households are people living alone. In Germany this year, 56-year-old divorcee Bernd Klosterfelde produced a CD called “Alone No More.” Featuring 15 tracks of household noises with titles like “Nothing on TV; At least the Chips Are Good”and “The Fridge Is Finally Full Again,” it promises people who live alone “62 minutes of together.Europe’s new economic climate has largely fostered the trend toward independence.The current generation of home-aloners came of age during Europe’s shift from social democracy to the sharper, more individualistic climate of American-style capitalism. Raised in an era of privatization and increased consumer choice, today’s tech-savvy workers have embraced a free Market in love as well as economics. Modern Europeans are rich enough to afford to live alone, and temperamentally independent enough to want to do so. A recent poll by the Institute Frances’ Opinion Publique, the French affiliate of the Gallup Poll, found that 58 percent of French respondents viewed living alone as a choice, not an obligation. Other European singles agree. “I’ve always wanted to be free to go on adventures,” says Iris Eppendorf, who lives by herself in Berlin. “I hate dreary, boring, bourgeois living –it’s not interesting.”Once upon a time, people who lived alone tended to be those on either side of marriage –twenty-something professionals or widowed senior citizens. While pensioners, particularly elderly women, make up a hefty proportion of those living alone, the newest crop of singles are high earners in their 30s and 40s who increasingly view living alone as a lifestyle choice. “The Swedish word for someone living alone used to be ensam, which had connotations of being lonely,”notes Eva Sandsteadt, author of Living Alone in Sweden. “It was conceived as a negative – dark and cold, while being together suggested warmth and light. But then along came the idea of singles. They were young, beautiful, strong! Now, young people want to live alone.”The booming economy means people are working harder than ever. And that doesn’t leave much room for relationships. Pimpi Arroyo, a 35 year old composer who lives alone in a house in Paris, says he hasn’t got time to get lonely because he has too much work. “I have deadlines which would make life with someone else fairly difficult.” Only an Ideal Woman could change his lifestyle, he says. Kaufmann, author of a recent book called The Single Woman and Prince Charming, thinks this fierce new individualism means that people except more and more mates, so relationships don’t last long – if they start at all. Eppendorf, a blond Berliner with a deep tan and chronic wanderlust, teaches grade school in the mornings. In the afternoon she sunbathes or sleeps, resting up for going dancing. Just shy of 50, she says she’d never wanted to do what her mother did – dive up a career to raise a family. Instead, “I’ve always done what I wanted to do: live a self-determined life.”A self-determined life doesn’t come cheap. In capitals like Stockholm, Rome or Berlin, high rents mean that only big earners can afford their own housing. Proportionally, more professionals live alone: in France, one in five career women live alone, compared one in ten working women. The French government recently allotted nearly 77 million francs to people in their early 20s who wanted to move away from home, but couldn’t afford to. Parisian banker de Kergorlay’s apartment allows her the luxury of being able to “read, cook, write and entertain without having to make compromises.”Such freedom can be addictive, particularly for women, notes sociologist Kaufmann. “Women are still expected to be the housewife in couples,” he notes. “It’s very hard for women to fight against this idea, so the only way they can attain sexual equality is to live alone.”De Kergorlay hasn’t ruled out marriage, but wouldn’t give up her freedom for a man. “If I were to get married,” she explains, “I would still want my own room – an escape zone where I can be myself.”Millions of singles yearning for escape zones or solitude are straining Europe’s city housing market. Over the next 15 years, the British population is set to decline, but the number of houses will rise by 25 percent – an increase largely accounted for by single people. Southeastern England is undergoing a major building boom: the British government has authorized the construction of 860,000 new homes, mostly for the middle classes. Real-estate brokers note a rise in the number of young singles who work mad hours and treat their homes like dorms. In London, luxury complexes with tiny flats, gyms and easy access to urban pleasures are springing up for young and driven professionals. Single-person households promote gentrification: when singles move into the neighborhood, say geographers, latter bars, gyms and restaurants are sure to follow, and local music, theater and art galleries thrive. “ Singles are a real benefit to French culture life,” says Olivier Donna, of the French Ministry of Culture and Communications. “Without them, you are left with couples and families who prefer to stay at home and watch TV.”Women, it seems, enjoy singledom more than men do. According to Scase, single women – unlike men – tend to live near single friends, forming networks that serve as neo-families. Restaurants, gyms and latte bars function as living rooms, as do pubs - a trend that’s made young urban women a mainstay for the British drinks industry over the past five years. By contrast, the bachelor tends to stay in. “The man who lives alone is very much the sad case,” says Scase. “They really co watch videos and drink beer.”For some young urbanites, renting The Matrix and reaching for a larger is a much-needed escape –particularly for those in New Economy careers like media, advertising or information technology. “My whole job is communicating,”says Ktherine Edwards, whose job as public-affairs manager for the British supermarket chain Tesco takes her out to parties and dinners a couple of times a week. “The last thing I want to do when I come home is communicate.”For Richard Moore, managing director of a sport-promotions company, his 1870s south London house is a refuge from work. The peace and quite is such a luxury, says Moore, that “I’ll live alone until I meet the girl I’m going to marry.”Living alone doesn’t mean living without romance. Jan Trost, a sociologist at the University of Uppsala, has studied Europe’s rising incidence of what he calls LAT, or living alone together, in which committed couples opt for separate residences. In an increasingly mobile work culture, professionals often work in separate cities or evencountries, using e-mail, phones and meetings on weekends to sustain relationships. Married types who have bickered once too often about toothpaste caps or dust bunnies are opting to live apart in peace rather than together in stress. And divorced or widowed people who hook up later in life tend to have set ways and long personal histories with the requisite complications: “Should my piano or your piano be the piano?”says Trost, imaging a hypothetical discussion. “And photos: my grandchildren or yours? It’s simpler to keep your own house.”The move from cozy families to urban singledom opens new vistas for marketers. In the past, the Holy Grail for advertisers was the couple with 2-3 children. No longer, argues Scase. Today’s companies should think of high-earning singles as a key market. Gone are the days of the clamorous family gathered around a table groaning with home-cooked food. A third of Britons eat dinner alone at least four times a week – and prefer eating alone to eating with others, according to a British National Poll. Small wonder that Britain’s market for ready-made convenience foods has doubled in the last five years.A host of other singles services have sprung up, from dogwalkers to alarm systems to agencies that will water your plants or bring you aspirin and coffee when you’re hung over. Compact cars and mobile phones, the major props of modern European city life, have solid markets among European singles. Bouygues Telecom/France Telecom estimates that a hefty percentage of cell-phone users are young home-aloners; a quarter of Smart cars, tiny vehicles designed for city driving, are sold to twenty- and thrity-something singles who “churn” or change partners instead of settling down. It’s a marketing man’s dream: a demographic with the anxieties of teenagers and the bank accounts of the middle-aged. Instead of saving for their kid’s college education, the home-aloners are prepared to fork out on personal-fitness trainers, seaweed cellulite wraps and stiletto heels. “You have to be concerned about presenting yourself if you live in a more mobile society,” says Scase. “Appearance is no longer a young person’s concern. And [singles] have the money to spend on it.”Living alone may bring freedom, but not necessarily buoyant health or better sex. A recent Dutch study of 19,000 people found chronic disease was 30 percent higher among singles. “Married people are healthier,”says the University of Rotterdam’s Inez Joung, who conducted the study. “They smoke and drink less. Single and divorced people are more likely to commit suicide and have liver disease, diabetes or lung canser.” The playboy magazine promise of singledom as a portal to sublime sex doesn’t hold, according to Hamburg University sexologist Gunter Schmidt. Having studied the sex lives of 3,000 young Germans, Having studied the sex lives of 3,000 young Germans, he estimates that 90 percent of all heterosexual sex occurs in long-term relationships. Half of the young singles surveyed weren’t having any sex at all. And good sex, according to Schmidt, pretty much remains the privilege of the attached: only 40 percent of singles said they enjoyed sex, compared with 80 percent of people in relationships. “The sexual world of singles is rather gray,” says Schmidt.“They make a huge effort to produce a little sex that’s not even satisfying.”Life can get even tougher as home-aloners age. Once retired, work’s not there to provide a steady income or social life. Bad health and fear of crime can turn freedom into frightening solitude. In Sweden, groups of individuals have started about 50 co-housing projects designed for singles or couples in the second half of their lives. At Fardknappen, a state-built group home in Stockholm for people “in their second half of life,” the feel is less than that of an old blue-jeaned, sandal-shod residents. Nightly group dinners aren’t mandatory, though people do have to pitch in and cook for a week every two months. And they’re worth going to, to hear Fardknappen’s 55 residents buzz with tales of recent trips to jazz clubs, to Cuba and South Insia.The fusion of independence and community for older people has proved popular: the seventy-year old group has a waiting list of 75, and visitors from Japan and the United States tramp through to learn about the Swedish method of aging gracefully. “Living like this enables old people to have freedom,”explains Mette Kjorstad, a divorcee who moved to Fardknappen after her two kids left home. “And it’s a great relief for people’s children –they’re free of a lot of guilt.”Guilt-free families? Now that’s a sign of a seismic social shift if ever there was one.。
英语第二单元作文Unit 2: My School Life。
My school life has been a rollercoaster ride, full of ups and downs, but overall, it has been a great experience.I have learned many valuable lessons, made lifelong friends, and discovered my passions and interests.One of the most important lessons I have learned is the importance of time management. In high school, I oftenfound myself overwhelmed with homework, projects, and extracurricular activities. However, I soon realized thatif I managed my time effectively, I could balance all of my responsibilities and still have time for fun and relaxation.I learned to prioritize my tasks, make schedules, and avoid procrastination.Another valuable lesson I learned in school is thepower of perseverance. There were many times when I faced challenges and obstacles, such as difficult exams orrejection from a club or team. However, I never gave up. Instead, I worked harder, sought help when needed, and persevered until I achieved my goals. This mindset has helped me overcome many obstacles in my personal and professional life.In addition to these lessons, I have also made many lifelong friends in school. These friendships have been a source of support and comfort during difficult times, and we have shared many happy memories together. Whether it was studying for exams, participating in sports or clubs, or simply hanging out, I am grateful for the friendships I have made in school.Finally, school has helped me discover my passions and interests. Through various classes, extracurricular activities, and experiences, I have developed a love for writing, music, and community service. These passions have shaped my career aspirations and have given me a sense of purpose and fulfillment.In conclusion, my school life has been a valuable andtransformative experience. I have learned important lessons, made lifelong friends, and discovered my passions and interests. I am grateful for the opportunities and experiences that school has provided me, and I look forward to continuing to learn and grow in the future.。
3 Unit 2Definition and Classification of Pneumonia 肺炎的定义和分类When the word pneumonia is used in medical practice, it almost always refers to a syndrome caused by acute infection, usually bacterial, that is characterized by clinical and/or radiographic /ˌreɪdɪəʊˈgræfɪk/放射影像学signs of consolidation/kənˌsɒlɪˈdeɪʃ(ə)n/ 实质、实变of a part or parts of one or both lungs. The use of the term has however been greatly extended to include non-bacterial infection of the lungs caused by a wide variety of microorganisms. Pneumonitis /ˌnjuːməʊˈnaɪtɪs/ is occasionally used as a synonym /ˈsɪnənɪm/同义词for pneumonia, particularly when inflammation炎症/ˌɪnfləˈmeɪʃ(ə)n/ of the lung has resulted from a non-infectious cause such as in chemical or radiation injury.当肺炎这个词在医疗实践中使用时，它几乎总是指由急性感染引起的综合征，通常是细菌感染，临床上和/或放射学上的以肺部分或单肺弥漫性或双肺弥漫性实变为特征。
