1、t he Lost Generation
In gen eral, the post-World War I gen eratio n, but specifically a group of U.S. writers who came of age during the war and established their literary reputations in the 1920s. The term stems from a remark made by Gertrude Ste in to Ern eHem in gway, “ You
are all a lost gen erati on. ” Hem in gway used it as anTpgSaurihAbBo Rises
(1926). The gen erati on was “ lost ” in the sense that its in herited values were no Ion ger releva nt in the postwar world and because of its spiritual alie nati on from a U.S. that, bask ing un der Preside nt Hardin g's “ back to no rmalcy ” policy, seemed to its members to be hopelessly provin cial, materialistic, and emoti on ally barre n. The term embraces Hemin gway, F. Scott Fitzgerald, Joh n Dos Passos, e.e. cum mings and many other writers who made Paris the centre of their literary activities in the '20s. They were never a literary school. In the 1930s, as these writers turned in different directions, their works lost the dist in ctive stamp of the postwar period. The last represe ntative works of the era were Fitzgerald'sTe nder
Lost gen erati on
The lost gen eratio n is a term first used by Stein to describe the post-war I gen erati on of America n writers: men and wome n haun ted by a sense of betrayal and empti ness brought about by the destructiveness of the war.2>full of youthful idealism, these individuals sought the meaning of life, drank excessively, had love affairs and created some of the fin est America n literature to date.3>the three best-k nown represe ntatives of lost gen erati on are F.Scott Fitzgerald, Hem in gway and Joh n dos Passos.
Lost gen erati on
The Lost Generation is a group of expatriate American writers residing primarily in Paris duri ng the 1920s and 1930s. The group was give n its n ame by the America n writer Gertrude Stei n, who used “ a lost gen erati on ” to refer to expatriate America ns bitter about their World War I experie nces and disillusi oned with America n society.
Hemin gway later used the phrase as an epigraph for his no vel The Sun Also Rises. It con sisted of many in flue ntial America n writers, i ncludi ng Ern est Hemin gway, F. Scott Fitzgerald, William Carlos Williams and Archibald MacLeish.
2、I ceberg Theory
It is a term used to describe the writing style of American writer Ernest Hemingway. The meaning of a piece is not immediately evident, because the crux of the story lies below the surface, just as most of the mass of a real iceberg similarly lies ben eath the surface.
Iceberg Theory
Ernest Hemingway ' s “ iceberg theory ” suggests that the writer include in the text only a small portion of what he knows, leaving about ninety percent of the content a mystery that grows beneath the surface of the writing. If a writer of prose knows eno ugh about what he is writi ng about he may omit things that will have a feeli ng of
those things as strongly as though the writer had stated them. The dignity of movement of an
