专题练习一
A
(2017·山西省大同市灵丘县模拟)
The Art of War is an ancient Chinese military book __1__(date) from the 5th century BC.__2__ (write) by the ancient Chinese military strategist Sun Tzu (“Master Sun”，also spelled Sunzi), the book consists of 13 chapters, each of __3__ is devoted to one aspect of warfare. It is__4__ (common) thought of __5__ a great work on military strategy and tactics(战术). It __6__ (place) at the head of China's Seven Military Classics in 1080 by Emperor Shenzong of the Song Dynasty , __7__ it has long been the most influential strategy text in East Asia. It has had__8__ influence on Eastern and Western military thinking, business tactics, legal strategy and beyond.
Its first complete English translation was completed and published by Lionel Giles in 1910. __9__ (leader) such as Mao Zedong, General V o Nguyen Giap, General Douglas MacArthur and so on have drawn__10__ (inspire) from the work.
答案与解析
文章介绍了“孙子兵法”这本中国古代杰出的军事作品，以及对后人的影响。
1．dating考查非谓语动词。此处dating from是现在分词短语作定语，修饰book。
2．Written考查非谓语动词。分析句式可知，write和句子主语
the book 之间是被动关系，故用过去分词形式表示被动。
3．which考查关系代词。根据句式可知，此处是一个非限制性定语从句，先行词为13 chapters，所以用which。
4．commonly考查副词。此处用副词来修饰think of...as短语，句意为普遍被认为是……。
5．as考查介词。结合4题可知，think of...as为固定短语，把……当做是……。
6．was placed考查被动语态。根据句式可知，这本书被放置在……。place和the book之间是被动结构。
7．and考查连接词。分析句式可知，and此处连接两个并列句。
8．an考查冠词。此处考查固定短语，have an influence on意思是对…产生影响。
9．Leaders考查名词。根据后面的“Mao Zedong，General V o Nguyen Giap，General Douglas”可知，这些人都是领导者。
10．inspiration考查名词。句意为像毛泽东等伟大的领袖都从书中获得激励和鼓舞。
B
(2017·湖北省华中师大联盟)
Chinese kung fu, also known as wushu or Chinese martial arts, is one of the most well-known examples of traditional Chinese culture. It is __1__ (probable)one of the earliest and longest __2__ (last)sports which uses both muscles and brain.
The theory of kung fu is based __3__classical Chinese philosophy(哲学). Over its long history it __4__ (develop) as a unique combination of exercise, practical self-defense, self-discipline, and art.
It is estimated that Chinese kung fu dates back to primitive society.
At that time people used sticks __5__ (fight) against wild beasts. Gradually they __6__ (accumulate) experience in self defense.
Chinese kung fu is a large system of theory and practice. It combines __7__(technique) of self-defense and health-keeping.
In Chinese kung fu, however, a __8__ (different) is made between “external(外家的)”and “internal”kung fu. __9__is said that “In external kung fu, you exercise your tendons, bones, and skin; in internal kung fu, you train your spirit, your qi, and your mind.”And so internal kung fu can continue later in life, __10__ the external body weakens.
答案与解析
1．probably考查副词。句意：中国功夫可能是同时使用肌肉和大脑的持久性运动中最早的以及历史最悠久的运动之一。这里用副词修饰句子，故用probably。
2．lasting考查形容词。这里用现在分词作定语，相当于形容词。lasting持久的，lasting sports持久性运动。故这里用lasting。
3．on/upon考查固定搭配。句意：武术的理论基于中国古典哲学。be based on/upon 以……为基础。故这里用on/upon。
4．has developed考查现在完成时。句意：经过一段很长的历史，武术已经发展成为一项运动，自卫、自律和艺术于一体的独特运动。根据句意可知，这里要用现在完成时，故用has developed。
5．to fight考查不定式。句意：那时人们用木棍来抵御野兽。用不定式表示目的，用to fight。
6．accumulated句意：他们逐渐在自卫中积累经验。根据上下文可知，这里是在叙述原始社会的事情，故用一般过去式的accumulated。
7．techniques考查可数名词复数。句意：它结合了自卫和养生
