英语国家概况美国篇

No taxation without representation! 无代表不纳税
• 无代表，不纳税的含义是，如果一群人在议会里没有自己 的代表，那么它通过的税法对这群人是无效的。美国独立 革命使用这句话，是因为英国议会里没有北美殖民地的议 员。 • 最早出现在1763年到1776年间，集中体现了北美最初十 三个英属殖民地居民当时的最大不满情绪. • 是美国独立战争的开端。
Seven Years' War
Soon afterwards,English and its colonies were in conflict.
• English imposed new taxes partly to defray(支付) the cost of fighting the Seven Years' War and expected Amercians to lodge(暂住) British soldiers in their homes. • The colonies resented(怨恨) the taxes and resisted the quartering(为......提供食宿) of soldiers.
• The first successful English colony in North Amercia at Jamestown（詹姆斯顿）,Virginia,in 1607. • In 1620,the Pilgrim Fathers sailed for Virginia on a ship called the Mayflower.
Seven Years' War
• 七年战争发生在1754年至1763年，而主要冲突则集中于 1756年-1763年。当时欧洲上的主要强国均参与了这场战 争，其影响覆盖了欧洲、北美、中美洲、西非海岸、印度 、以及菲律宾。 • 这场战争由欧洲列强之间的对抗所驱动。英国与法国和西 班牙在贸易与殖民地上相互竞争。 • 最后，英国赢得了加拿大和整个北美东部密西西比州的地 区的控制权。

英语国家概况精讲：第十三章美国地理位置英语国家概况美国部分精讲系列英语国家概况精讲：第十三章美国地理位置英语国家概况美国部分精讲系列Chapter: 13 geography 地理位置1.Alaska and Hawaii are the two newest states in American.Alaska northwestern Canada,and Hawaii lies in the central Pacific.阿拉斯加和夏威夷是最近加入美国的两个新州。

阿拉斯加在加拿大的西北部，夏威夷位邻中太平洋。

（本细节还有考“一句话简答”的可能）2。

The U.S has a land area of 9.3 million square kilometres.It is the fourth largest country in the world in size after Russia,Canada and China.就面积而言，美国是世界第四大国，就人口而言，美国是世界是第三大国。

3.Of all states of American,Alaska is the lagest in area and Rhode Island the smallest.But on the mainland Texas is the largest sate of the country.所有州中，阿拉斯加是面积最大的州，罗得岛最小，在美国大陆，最大的州是得克萨斯州。

4。

The Rockies,the backbone of the North American Continent,isalso known as the Continental Divide.落基山脉是北美大陆的脊梁，也被成为大陆分水岭。

5。

The two main mountain ranges in American are the Appalachian mountains and the Rocky mountains. The Appalachians run slightly from the northeast to southwest and the Rocky mountains run slightly from the northwest to southeast.阿巴拉契亚山脉和落基山脉是美国的两座大山脉。

However,long after 1865,the dominant whites in most of the South were still finding ways of excluding black citizens from real equality. 然而，1865后不久，在大多数南方白人占主导地位的仍然 是从寻找真正的平等不包括黑人公民的途径。
The status of Black now
Discrimination against blacks, both in admission to all public places and in employment, is now illegal. While formal discriminations have decreased and old forms of segregations have been dismantled, subtle patterns of informal discrimination in housing, employment, education and virtually every social sphere still persists. 对黑人的歧视，无论是在进入所有公共场所和就业， 现在是非法的。虽然正式的歧视已经减少和旧形式 的偏析已被拆除，微妙的住房，就业，教育非正式 的歧视的模式和几乎所有社会领域仍然存在。
Martin Luther King
By the 1970, blacks were registered as voters in the South almost in the same proportion as whites, and many blacks were elected to important offices in southern states. Over the past three decades, blacks have been elected as mayors of several of the nation’s biggest cities, including Chicago and Washington, D.C.; others have been elected or appointed to many of the highest national and state offices in the South as well as in the North, including the Cabinet and the Supreme Court. There are now some thousands of black millionaires, not only athletes and entertainers, but also in business and other professions.

Washington
乔治·华盛顿（George Washington， 1732年2月22日 --- 1799年12月14日） 美国第一任总统，被尊称为美国国父， 1793年连任，在两届任期结束后， 他自愿放弃权力不再续任，隐退于弗 农山庄园。华盛顿学者们则将他和 亚伯拉罕·林肯并列为美国历史上 最伟大的总统。
be distributed, several dozen Boston residents boarded the ship at night and threw $75,000 worth of tea into the harbor. This came to be known as the “Boston Tea Party”. • The start of the war • In 1775, about 1,000 British soldiers were sent from Boston to seize the military supplies of the American militia. When they arrived at Lexington they were met by the armed militiamen. Suddenly a shot was fired and the War of Independence began.
and Grievances
The second Continental Congress 1775
Date: May, 1775
Place: Philadelphia
Result: The Congress founded a Continental Army under the command of George Washington. The Declaration of