小学英语知识要点总复习讲义
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小学英语知识要点总复习讲义
名词复数规则
1.一般情况下,直接加-s,如:
book-books,bag-bags,cat-cats,bed-beds
2.以s.x.sh.ch结尾,加-es,如:
bus-buses,box-boxes,peach-peaches, watch-watches 3.以“辅音字母+y”结尾,变y为i, 再加-es,如:
family-families, strawberry-strawberries
4.以“f或fe”结尾,变f或fe为v, 再加-es,(但有一个特例:roof →roofs)。
如:knife-knives leaf-leaves wife-wives thief-thieves wolf-wolves
5.以“o”结尾的单词,如果有生命,加-es;如果没有生命,加-s。如:①有生命:potato-potatoes tomato-tomatoes mango-mangoes(芒果)hero-heroes(英雄)
Negro- Negroes (黑人)②没生命:radio-radios piano-pianos photo-photos zoo-zoos
6.不规则名词的复数变化:
(一)完全不规则:
man-men woman-women policeman-policemen policewoman-policewomen mouse-mice
child-children foot-feet tooth-teeth goose-geese (二)单数复数同形:
fish-fish sheep-sheep deer-deer
people-people
Chinese-Chinese Japanese-Japanese
小练习:
写出下列各词的复数
I _______ him ______ this ______ her ______ watch _______ child
______ photo ______ diary______day______foot_______
book______ dress _____tooth______ sheep ______box_____ strawberry ________ leaf ____ potato ______ peach______ bus ______ man______ woman______ paper_______ juice______ water________ milk________ rice__________ tea__________
一般现在时态
一般现在时基本用法介绍
1.一般现在时的功能
1).表示事物或人物的特征、状态。如:The sky is blue.天空是蓝色的。
2).表示经常性或习惯性的动作。如:I get up at six every day.我每天六点起床。
3).表示客观现实。如:The earth goes around the sun.地球绕着太阳转。
2.一般现在时的构成
1).be动词:主语+be(am,is,are)+其它。如:
I am a boy.我是一个男孩。
2).行为动词:主语+行为动词(+其它)。
(1)当主语为第一、第二人称或复数做主语时,谓动是原形。如:I like English.我喜欢英语。
We study English.我们学习英语。
(2)当主语为第三人称(he, she,it)或单数时,要在动词后加"-s"或"-es"。如:Mary likes Chinese.玛丽喜欢汉语。
3.一般现在时的变化
A、be 动词的变化
a.肯变否句,有be动词is\am\are\was\were,直接在
is\am\are 动词后加not。
(注:我(I)用am,你(you)用are,is跟着他、她、它,单数和不可数名次用is,复数用are)
如:He is not a worker.他不是工人。
b.肯变一般疑问句:Is\Am\are+主语+其它?
(注:I\We变you,you 变I\we,其他人称不变)
如:-I am a student.→-Are you a student?(注:一般疑
问句有肯定和否定回答)
-Yes,I am./ No,I'm not.
c.特殊疑问句:疑问词(How\What\Where\When\How many...)+一般疑问句?(注:特殊疑问句直接回答)
如:Where is my car? It’s under the chair.
B.行为动词的变化。
a.肯变否定句:
主语(第一、第二人称或复数)+ don't +动词原形(+其它)。如:
I don't like bread.
当主语为第三人称单数时,要用doesn't构成否定句。如:He doesn't often play computer games.
b.肯变一般疑问句:Do( Does ) +主语+动词原形+其它?
当主语为第一、第二人称或复数时用助动词Do构成一般疑问句。如:
- Do you often play football?
- Yes, I do. / No, I don't.
当主语为第三人称或单数时,要用Does构成一般疑问句。如:- Does she go to work by bike?
- Yes, she does. / No, she doesn't.
c.特殊疑问句:疑问词+一般疑问句。如:How does your father go to work?
4.动词第三人称单数加"-s"或"-es"形式的变化规则
1.一般情况下,直接加-s,如:play-plays, work-works.
2.以s. x. sh. ch. o结尾,加-es,如:guess-guesses, wash-washes, watch-watches, go-goes,do-does
3.以“辅音字母+y”结尾,变y为i, 再加-es,如:study-studies.
4.以不发音的e结尾,直接加-s .如:make-makes.
5.特殊词have-has.
一般现在时用法专项练习:
一、写出下列动词的第三人称单数
drink ________ go ______ stay ______ make ______
look _______ have_______ pass______ carry ______ come______ watch______ plant_______ fly _______ study_______ brush_______