湖南省益阳市高考英语专题复习 主旨大意题学案(无答案)

1.填空题根据句意，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

1.（1）The Niagara Falls, the largest of ________ is shaped like a semicircle, are 670 metres wide, and fall 56 metres in an awesome white sheet of water.答案'（1）which'解析（1）which 考查非限制性定语从句的引导词。

句意：尼亚加拉大瀑布，其中最大的部分像一个半圆，宽670米，落差56米，形成一片令人敬畏的白色水面。

分析句子结构可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是The Niagara Falls，指物，从句中介词of后缺宾语，故由which引导。

故填which。

1.（2）Toronto is the largest city in Canada, ________（rank）among the most multicultural cities in the World.答案'（2）ranking'解析（2）ranking 考查现在分词。

句意：多伦多是加拿大最大的城市，是世界上文化最多元的城市之一。

分析句子结构可知，本句谓语动词为is，空处为非谓语，rank与主语Toronto间为主动关系，故使用现在分词作状语。

故填ranking。

1.（3）Greece, ________（recognize）as an autonomous country in 1830, began a serious effort to repair the monuments and buildings on the Acropolis.答案'（3）recognized'解析（3）recognized 考查过去分词。

句意：希腊在1830年被承认为一个自治国家，开始认真努力修复卫城上的纪念碑和建筑。

1.填空题根据句意、括号中的提示填写单词。

1.（1）He has a deep affection ________ his old friends.答案'（1）for'解析（1）for 考查介词。

句意：他对他的老朋友们有很深的感情。

have an affection for 对……喜爱，固定搭配。

故填for。

1.（2）In the middle of the forest ________（lie）a deep lake.答案'（2）lies'解析（2）lies 考查动词。

句意：森林中央坐落着一个很深的湖。

根据语境可知，此处是在说明一般事实，所以本句时态为一般现在时。

分析句子可知，本句主语为lake，为单数，所以谓语动词应为第三人称单数形式lies。

故填lies。

1.（3）Recycling is one way to protect the environment; reusing is ________.答案'（3）another'解析（3）another 考查代词。

句意：回收利用是保护环境的一种方式；再利用是另一个。

one...another一个……另一个，为固定搭配。

可知，此处应填another。

1.（4）At our factory there are a few machines similar to ________ described in this magazine.答案'（4）those'解析（4）those 考查代词。

分析句子可知，设空处代指a few machines，代指前面出现的复数名词用those，故填those。

1.（5）—John, when shall we meet again, Thursday or Friday?—________. I'll be off to London then.答案'（5）Neither'解析（5）Neither 考查代词。

考点分类练(八)主旨大意题——标题归纳类A(2022浙江稽阳联谊学校四月联考)“That’s that car!” Benny Correa screamed in their black Cadillac.Earlier,his wife Disley had mentioned a missing 11-year-old girl in Brimfield,not far from their home.The passing car was the same make and model.Correa took a hard right out of the parking lot and tailed the blue Honda to view the license plate.The driver immediately sped up and blew through a stop sign.Correa shocked his family by following suit.The Honda pulled around the back of a store.When it came around,Correa caught up and pulled ahead,trying to cut it off.The Honda hit the brakes and jumped a curb(路缘).The Cadillac’s high beams flashed on the driver—a young man with black hair,pulling a hooded sweatshirt up over his face.They saw him forcing a girl’s head down in the back,trying to hide her.Disley,by then had called 911.“Yes,it’s him!” she yelled.“Knife in hand!”“Get him,Dad!” his son shouted excitedly.Correa stayed close behind the Honda,zooming down the road at 100 mph.Soon,he discovered the low-gas light was blinking on the dashboard.Actually,they found out later the suspension had been damaged during the race—it was running on heavy smoke.Their car soon sputtered(噼啪) to a stop.The Honda disappeared.But thanks to Disley’s directions,the police had plotted the path the man was taking and set up roadblocks,trapping the car soon.“It felt like we won the lottery,” Disley said.“The feeling of knowing she’s back with her family because of us is just unexplainable.”1.What happened to the 11-year old girl?A.She was controlled by a criminal.B.She was fleeing with the man.C.She was hidden in the Cadillac.D.She helped to identify the criminal.2.What can we know about Benny Correa and his family?A.They finally rescued the victim.B.They risked themselves to help the victim.C.They once decided to give up in the process.D.They felt it a slim chance to save the victim.3.Which of the following is the best title of the passage?A.A Thrilling Race of the CarB.A Timely Rescue of the PoliceC.A Hero Action of a Brave FamilyD.An Impressive Experience of a GirlBAn exhibition of 125 life-size elephant sculptures has gone on display in London to highlight the need for coexistence between people and wildlife.Organized by conservation groups Elephant Family and The Real Elephant Collective,the exhibition comes as a herd of wild Asian elephants roaming Southwest China’s Yunnan Province has drawn global attention.Elephant Family said it would like to see more strategies in place that allow elephants to migrate,eat,and do their best to fit into strange landscapes in a way that is safe for both people and wild animals.The CoExistence exhibition is on display at Green Park,St James’s Park and Berkeley Square after the sculptures were initially placed outside Buckingham Palace in May.CoExistence is an environmental art exhibition by Elephant Family and The Real Elephant Collective.The elephants have been created deep in the jungles by indigenous(土生土长的) communities who live close to their real-lifecounterparts.Here,people and elephants coexist in denser(更密集的) populations than anywhere else in the world.The founder of The Real Elephant Collective,a nonprofit organization contributing to protecting elephants,said,“Our best guess is that elephants are very intelligent and have learned that humans grow lots of nutritious food.Elephants move over long distances and explore their environment,as their ancestors have always done.Coexistence is about negotiating this sharing of space.”When many parts of the world went into lockdown to help control the spread of the novel coronavirus,researchers found wildlife thrived(茁壮成长) in the wake of reduced human activity.“A global reduction in human activity has had a positive effect on wildlife around the world,” Elephant Family said.“It has now been scientifically demonstrated that the moment we lighten our footprint,wildlife thrives and transforms the health of the planet for all.The pandemic has showed us that coexistence with wildlife is very much possible.”After the exhibition,the sculptures will go on sale for between 6,000 pounds (USD 8,346) for a calf and 30,000 pounds for a large adult,money raised will be directed toward some grassroots organizations working on peaceful coexistence.4.What’s the aim of the CoExistence exhibition?A.To attract visitors to London.B.To raise money for protecting elephants.C.To encourage people to live in harmony with wildlife.D.To honour the elephants roaming in Yunan Province,China.5.What can be inferred from the founder’s words in paragraph 4?A.Elephants cause no harm to humans.B.Elephants are almost as intelligent as humans.C.Humans and elephants are fighting for more space.D.The coexistence between humans and elephants needs efforts.6.What can we learn from this passage?A.The pandemic has no effect on wildlife.B.Fewer human activities are favorable to wildlife.C.People should try to avoid contact with wildlife.D.The exhibition can earn money for wildlife preservation.7.What is the best title for this text?A.An Exhibition Tour of Elephant SculpturesB.Negotiation Between People and WildlifeC.Effects of Human Activities on ElephantsD.Elephants’ Intelligence and Nature to ExploreC(2022山东济南高三二模)Have you ever been seized with a kind of warm and unclear feeling when you start an old-fashioned game?Or maybe when you think back to celebrating the holidays as a kid,something magical just seems to be missing now.That’s nostalgia(怀旧之情).In the early 20th century,nostalgia was considered a mental condition similar to depression.Anyone separated from their native place for a long time was easy to suffer nostalgia.But over the next few decades,the meaning of nostalgia has expanded from indicating homesickness to a general longing for the past.And rather than an awful disease,it turns out to be seen as a bittersweet experience.From several former studies,researchers of the University of Southampton supposed nostalgia might protect people from being in bad mood,even when they think about upsetting things—like death.To test it out,they conducted an experiment,where 75 people wrote about their own deaths,and then did a word completion task,in which they were asked to complete different words based on a six-letter word starting with C-O-F-F.The people who thought about dying but didn’t get nostalgic answered with many death-related words,such as “coffin(棺材)”,while the nostalgic people gave more answers unrelated to death like “coffee”,almost as if they had never thought about death in the first place.The researchers think that nostalgia,despite being a complex emotional state that can include feelings of loss and sadness,doesn’t generally put people in a negative mood.Instead,by allowing individuals to remember personally meaningful and rewarding experiences,nostalgia can boost psychological well-being.These studies are pretty limited,though,and there’s still a lot we don’t know about nostalgia.Still,these studies support that nostalgia has a purpose:If people are feeling down,it might cheer them up.But there are also some less helpful side effects.For example,advertisers have discovered how powerful nostalgia is as a marketing technique,for nostalgia in ads can make people part with cash more easily.So,it is not all sugar cookies.8.What is paragraph 2 intended to explain?A.The depression caused by long term nostalgia.B.The mental conditions of people away from home.C.The understandings of nostalgia in different periods.D.The relationship between homesickness and nostalgia.9.How did the researchers prove the result of the former studies?A.By performing a test.B.By introducing a concept.C.By doing an investigation.D.By conducting an interview.10.What can we infer about nostalgia from paragraph 4?A.It needs to be further studied.B.It helps to remove bad feelings.C.It benefits people’s physical health.D.It makes people feel life is complex.11.Which of the following is a suitable title for the text?A.The Reasons for Feeling NostalgiaB.The Commercial Values of NostalgiaC.Nostalgia:A Method for a Better MoodD.Nostalgia:A Bitter and Pleasant Experience考点分类练(八)主旨大意题——标题归纳类【语篇导读】本文是一篇记叙文。

（课标通用）2017高考英语一轮复习专题20 七选五教学案编辑整理：尊敬的读者朋友们：这里是精品文档编辑中心，本文档内容是由我和我的同事精心编辑整理后发布的，发布之前我们对文中内容进行仔细校对，但是难免会有疏漏的地方，但是任然希望（（课标通用）2017高考英语一轮复习专题20 七选五教学案）的内容能够给您的工作和学习带来便利。

同时也真诚的希望收到您的建议和反馈，这将是我们进步的源泉，前进的动力。

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专题20 七选五考纲展示命题探究1 命题方式的特点（1)题型特点从题型和选项内容我们可以归纳出选项可分为三种类型：①主旨概括(文章整体内容);②过渡性句子（文章结构)；③注释性句子(上下文逻辑意义)。

其多余的两个干扰项也往往从这三方面进行设置，如主旨概括句或过于宽泛或以偏概全或偏离主题，过渡性句子不能反映文章的行文结构，注释性句子与上文脱节等.（2）语篇结构分析篇章结构,把握全篇文脉是七选五解题的关键。

分析文章的层次包含两种形式：一种是分析整篇文章的层次，也就是段落，另一种是分析每一个段落内部的层次，也就是语篇层次。

语段与段落是有区别的，语段是篇章结构的中间层次，是由句子到篇的一种过渡形式，段落是在某些语体(如记叙文、议论文)中比语段更大的意义单位，较小的段落可以只包括一个语段或一个句子,一般来说，一个段落通常由几个语段构成.构成语段的方式有两种，一是靠句与句意义的结合,二是靠句与句的关联词、逻辑性插入语来连接，在分析语段层次时，可以借助句与句的连接词语作出判断,但最主要的还是要真正体会句与句的意义关系，把握作者的思路,从语序上去发现断续点，理清层次。

好文章的层次非常清晰,只有层层入手，才能真正理解文章.2 选项的特点（1)正确项特点：主旨概括准确、上下文无缝衔接、注释与说明正确。

2018-2019学年湖南省益阳市龙洲中学高三英语联考试卷含解析一、选择题1. 8．（2011·山东卷）29．-----Are you going to Tom’s birthday party? ------_____．I might have to work．A．It depends B．Thank you C．Soundgreat D．Don’t mention it参考答案：A略2. “Could we put off the meeting？” she asked.“________.” He answered politely. “This is the only day everyone is available.”A．Not likely B．Not exactly C．Not nearly D．Not really参考答案：D3. Memory is rightly considered to our sense of who we are.A. commercialB. fundamentalC. individualD. professional参考答案：B4. —Making a computer program isa Herculean task for me. Can you give mea hand?—Oh, _______. Turn to Jackson, who is an expert in it.A. it counts for nothingB. i t’s not the caseC. it doesn’t hurt to askD. it’s all Greek to me参考答案：D5. ---What about ____ passage?---It's too difficult ____ passage for me．A．a, a B．a, the C．the, a D．the, the参考答案：16．C试题分析：句意：--这段文章怎么样？--对于我来说它太难了。

第2课概要写作►对应学生用书P292概要写作，要求考生根据所提供的材料写一篇60词左右的内容概要。

其中所提供的短文词数在350以内，所选材料的题材和体裁没有限制，常规逻辑上，体裁以说明文、议论文为主，辅以记叙文等文体。

题材则是以考生熟悉的话题为主，段落相对较清晰。

这一题型主要考查考生对文章主旨大意的概括和准确获取关键词的能力，同时考查考生用简洁的语言概括文章重要信息的能力以及对文章整体结构的把握能力。

具体来讲涉及三项核心能力：1.提取文本的关键信息(即要点)；2.用自己的语言对关键信息重新措辞；3.清晰、有逻辑地、连贯地呈现要点。

一、理清写作思路，打造高分作文1．获取主旨大意，寻找支持信息主旨大意是文章或段落主题的主要内容或作者在该主题上的观点或主张。

把握主旨大意有助于把握语篇或段落要义，为下一步区分主次信息、提出细节信息做好铺垫。

议论文和说明文常常含有概括全文或全段主要内容的段落主旨句，它大多出现在段首。

但有时候，段落第一句或前几句只是起到导入话题或过渡衔接的作用，而不是统领全文或全段的主旨句。

少数主旨句也可能出现在段中或段尾。

有时候，段落主旨句需要根据段落内容予以归纳和概括。

归纳段落主旨大意时既要考虑“本段的主题是什么”，又要回答“就该主题作者写了什么”。

为了让读者更好地理解段落主旨句所表达的含义，作者会提供信息支持主旨句，我们称之为支持句。

其中多个表达同一意思的支持句组成一个支持句群。

在阅读中我们可以根据衔接词判断支持句所表达的意思。

归纳全文主旨大意时，要理清段与段之间的关系，尤其注意段落之间的连接词和过渡句，以便更好地抓住贯穿全文的中心思想。

有时候，第一段或前几段只是起到导入话题的作用，不能直接反映全文的主旨。

[例1]Strange things were happening in the countryside of northeast Hebei.(主旨句) For three days the water in the village wells rose and fell, rose and fell.Farmers noticed that the well walls had deep cracks in them.A smelly gas came out of the cracks.(支持句1) In the farmyards, the chickens and even the pigs were too nervous to eat.Mice ran out of the fields looking for places to hide.Fish jumped out of their bowls and ponds.(支持句2) At about 3：00 amon July 28, 1976, some people saw bright lights in the sky.The sound of planes could be heard outside the city of Tangshan even when no planes were in the sky.(支持句3) In the city, the water pipes in some buildings cracked and burst.(支持句4) But the one million people of the city, who thought little of these events, were asleep as usual that night.[分析]本段的第一句为段落主旨句，后面的句子组成了支持句群，详细说明了“Strange things”的具体内容。

1.填空题根据首字母及汉语提示，完成下列单词的拼写，使句意明确，语言通顺。

1.（1）He was told that he had a one in 500 chance of s________（生存）.答案'（1）survival'解析（1）survival 考查名词。

句意：他被告知他有500分之一的生存机会。

chance of...意为“……的机会”。

根据汉语提示可知，此处应填入名词survival 作of的宾语。

1.（2）The quality of the students' work v________（变化）considerably.答案'（2）varies'解析（2）varies 考查动词。

分析句子结构可知，空处为句子谓语动词。

结合汉语提示可知，此处应为vary。

结合语境可知，该句是在陈述客观事实，所以时态为一般现在时。

主语The quality of the students' work“学生作业的质量”为单数，所以此处谓语动词应用varies。

1.（3）This room is twice the l________ of the kitchen.答案'（3）length'解析（3）length 考查不可数名词。

结合语境可知，此处应是表示：这个房间是厨房的两倍长。

根据空前的定冠词the及空后的介词of并结合首字母提示可知，此处应为固定搭配：the length of，意为“……的长度”。

1.（4）The plane is d________（消失）behind a cloud.答案'（4）disappearing'解析（4）disappearing 考查现在分词。

分析可知，句中已经有谓语动词is，所以此处应为非谓语。

根据空前的is并结合语境可知，句子时态应为现在进行时，此处表示：飞机正消失在一片云后。

英语阅读理解人物传记类答题技巧题型特点人物传记是记叙文体的一种，主要记叙某人的生平事迹、趣闻轶事、生活背景、个性特征、成长奋斗历程等，包含记叙文的时间、地点、人物、事件等要素。

其特点是以时间的先后或事件的发展为主线，空间或逻辑线索贯穿文章始终，脉络清楚，可读性较强。

答题技巧1.了解人物传记文章的的特点人物传记是记叙文体的一种，因此在阅读时要把握好时间、地点、人物和事件这四大要素。

其次，还应该注意人物传记类文章的结构多按时间顺序排列，一般采用倒叙的写作手法，有时也采用插叙和补叙等手段。

弄清楚人物传记类文章的特征和写作手法，能帮助考生在阅读和回答问题时做到高效省时、准确无误。

2.抓住题干关键词，采用寻读的方法查找细节描述。

事实细节题是人物传记类文章的主要题型，常见的有以下几种类型：(1)对号入座题这种题的答案一般在原文中可以直接找到，只要读懂文章，掌握文章中的事实，如时间、地点、事件等细节问题，就能选对正确答案。

(2)词义转换题这种题常常是原文有关词语和句子的转换，而不能在原文中直接找到。

要能理解原文中1某个词语或句子的含义，从而找到与答案意思相同的词语和句子。

(3)是非题这种题俗称“三缺一”题型，即题目四个选项中有三个符合文章内容，剩下一个不符合。

题干多为：Which of the following is TRUE? 或者三个不符合文章内容，剩下一个符合，题干多为：Which of the following…is NOT Ttrue? 或All the following are true EXCEPT... (4)排序题这种题要求根据动作发生的先后顺序和句子之间的逻辑关系，找出事件发生的正确顺序。

可采用“首尾定位法”，即先找出第一个动作和最后一个动作，迅速缩小选择范围，从而快速选出正确答案。

(5)指代理解题一般是在人物或事物关系比较复杂的情况下使用的一种题型，所以理清人物及事物之间的逻辑关系是关键所在。

2014年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（湖南卷) 英语Part I Listening Comprehension (30 marks)Section A (22.5 marks)Directions: In this section,you will hear six conversations between two speakers. For each conversation, there are several questions and each question is followed by three choices marked A, B and C. Listen carefully and then choose the best answer for each question.You will hear each conversation TWICE.Example:When will the magazine probably arrive?A. Wednesday.B. Thursday.C. Friday.The answer is B.Conversation 11. What will the woman do first?A. Take a shower.B. Go camping.C. Set up a time.2. When will the man probably call the woman?A. Thursday.B. Friday.C. Sunday.Conversation 23. What is the man going to do?A, Have a coffee break. B. See a doctor. C. Buy a pet.4. What happened to the man?A. He fell ill.B. He lost his dog.C. He slept badly.Conversation 35. What is the woman?A. A bus driver.B. A waitress.C. A tour guide.6. What does the man want to get?A. Some gifts.B. A menu.C. A bus schedule.Conversation 47. What did the man do yesterday?A. He saw a movie.B. He watched TV.C. He visited some friends.8. What time will the speakers probably meet this Saturday evening?A. At 6:30.B. At 7:00.C. At 7:30.9. Which of the following will the man buy?A. Some drinks.B. A birthday cake.C. Concert tickets.Conversation 510. What is the woman doing now?A. She is serving a customer.B. She is conducting an interview.C. She is doing some recording.11 .When does the man go to the nursing home?A. Tuesdays.B. Thursdays.C. Sundays.12. Where will the man probably be working next Monday?A. At the airport nearby.B. In the studio next door.C. At the store downtown. Conversation 613. Why does the woman call the man?A. The oven doesn’t work.B. The heater won’t start.C. The plug is broken.14. Who will handle the problem first tomorrow evening?A. The woman.B. The man. C A worker.15. Who is the woman speaking to?A. Her husband.B. Her house owner.C. Her boss.Section B (7.5 marks)Directions: In this section, you will hear a short passage. Listen carefully and then Jill in the numbered blanks with the information you have heard. Fill in each blank with NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS.You will hear the short passage TWICE.Part II Language Knowledge (45 marks)Section A (15 marks)Directions: For each of the following unfinished sentences there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that best completes the sentence.Example:The wild flowers looked like a soft orange blanket the desert,A. coveringB. coveredC. coverD. to coverThe answer is A.21. Children, when by their parents, are allowed to enter the stadium.A. to be accompaniedB. to accompanyC. accompanyingD. accompanied22. If Mr. Dewey _____ present, he would have offered any possible assistance to the people there.A. wereB. had beenC. should beD. was23. ____your own needs and styles of communication is as important as learning to convey your affection and emotions.A. UnderstandingB. To be understoodC. Being understoodD. Having understood24. As John Lennon once said, life is_____ happens to you while you are busy making other plans.A. whichB. thatC. whatD. where25. —I’ve prepared all kinds of food for the picn ic.—Do you mean we_____ bring anything with us?A. can’tB. mustn’tC. shan’tD. needn't26. You will never gain success you are fully devoted to your work.A. whenB. becauseC. afterD. unless27. There is no greater pleasure than lying on my back in the middle of the grassland, _____at the night sky.A. to stareB. staringC. stared D, having stared28. Since the time humankind started gardening, we _____to make our environment more beautiful.A. tryB. have been tryingC. are tryingD. will try29. Only when you can find peace in your heart _____good relationships with others.A. will you keepB. you will keepC. you keptD. did you keep30. What you’re doing today important, because you’re trading a day of your life for itA. MakeB. To makeC. MakingD. Made31.1 am looking forward to the day_____ my daughter can read this book and know my feelings for her.A. asB. whyC. whenD. where32. All we need _____ a small piece of land where we can plant various kinds of fruit trees throughout the growing seasons of the year.A. areB. wasC. isD. were33. It’s not doing the things we like, but liking the things we have to do makes life happy.A. thatB. whichC. whatD. who34. Whenever you _____ a present, you should think about it from the receiver’s point of view.A. boughtB. have boughtC. will buyD. buy35. _____ ourselves from the physical and mental tensions, we each need deep thought and inner quietness.A. Having freedB. FreedC. To freeD. FreeingSection B (18 marks)Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.The summer before I went off to college, Mom stood me in her usual spot behind the ironing board (烫衣板)and said, “Pay attention: I’m going to teach you to iron.”Mom clearly explained her 36 for this lesson. I was going to be 37 and needed to learn this vital skill. Also, I would be meeting new people, and properly ironed clothes would help me make a good 38 .“Learn to iron a shirt,” Mom said, “and you can iron anything.”But ironing shirts was not 39 work. I t didn’t make use of long muscles we used to throw a baseball, and it wasn’t a40 operation like ice-skating. Ironing was like driving a car on a street that has a stop sign every 10 feet, Moreover, an iron produced steam and it carried an element of 41 .If you touched the wrong part of it, you’d get burnt. If you forgot to turn it off when you 42 ,you might bum down the house.As for technique, Mom 43 me to begin with the flat spaces outward, always pushing the iron forward into wrinkled (有褶皱的）parts. Collars had to be done right. Mom said they were close to your face, where everyone would 44 them.Over the years, I’ve learned to iron shirts skillfully, which gives me a sense of 45 Whatever failures I suffer in my life, an ironed shirt tells me I am good at something. 46 ,through ironing I’ve learned the method for solving even the most troublesome problems. “47 wrinkles one at a time,” as Mom might have said, “and before long everything will get ironed out.”36. A. reasons B. rules C. emotions D. methods37. A. helpful B. confident C. powerful D. independent38. A. conclusion B. suggestion C. impression D. observation39. A. useful B. easy C. special D. suitable40. A. direct B. single C. smooth D. strange41. A. doubt B. pressure C. surprise D. danger42. A. went away B. fell down C. jumped off D. looked up43. A. taught B. chose C. forced D. sent44. A. touch B. design C. see D. admire45. A. honesty B. freedom C. justice D. pride46. A. Instead B. Besides C. Otherwise D. However47. A. Make up B. Deal with C Ask for D. Rely onSection C (12 marks)Directions: Complete the following passage by filling in each blank with one word that best fits the contextWe can choose our friends, but usually we cannot choose our neighbors. However, to get a happy home life, we have to get along with 48 as well as possible.An important quality in a neighbor is consideration for 49 . People should not do things 50 will disturb their neighbors unnecessarily. For example, television sets need not be played at full volume (音量）51 loud pop music should not be played very late at night. By avoiding things likely to upset your neighbors, you can enjoy 52 friendly relationship with them.An equally important quality is tolerance. Neighbors should do all they can to avoid disturbing other people, 53 there are times when some level of disturbance is unavoidable. 54 neighbors want to get along well with each other, they have to show their tolerance. In this way, everyone will live 55 peace.Part Ⅲ Reading Comprehension (30 marks)Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C andD. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage.AWant to improve your writing skills? New Writing South is directing the way!· Towner Writer Squad (班组）for kids aged 13-17Led by comedy and TV writer, Marian Kilpatrick, Towner Writer Squad will meet once a month at the contemporary art museum for 11 months, starting 12 October, 2014.The FREE squad sessions will include introductions to a wide range of writing styles, from poetry to play writing and lyrics (抒情诗）to flash fiction, to support the development of young writers.Application & SelectionIf you would like to apply to be part of the Towner Writer Squad, please send a sample piece of your writing (about 500 words), responding to the title ‘LUNCH,’ with your name, age, address and e-mail address to: debo@.Once all applications are in, you will be invited to an open selection event on 17 September,4-5pm, at the gallery of Towner. This will be an informal opportunity to meet the Squad Leader, Squad Associate and other young people.You will also have a chance to get to know the fantastic gallery space and get a taste of what’s to come.Deadline for applications: 8 September, 2014For further information go to: /towner or or Any questions 一feel free to send your e-mail to Towner Writer Squad Associate: whame@﹡﹡﹡﹡﹡﹡﹡﹡﹡· Beginner Writing Project for kids aged 10-13Due to popular demand, a writing project will be started for eager beginners.Start time: 6 September, 2014Meet every other Saturday, 2-4 pm, at the Towner Study Centre.Study and write at your own pace—you do not have to rush—as you have a year to go through the project. Practise under the guidance of some experienced writers and teachers who can help you with basic writing skills. Most importantly, build confidence and have fun while writing!No previous experience or special background is required. Many others have been successful this way. Ifthey can do it, why can’t you?Fee: £179For more information go to: or 56. Towner Writer Squad will be started _______.A. to train comedy and TV writersB. to explore the fantastic gallery spaceC. to introduce a contemporary art museumD. to promote the development of young writers57. To join the Writer Squad, each applicant should first _______.A. provide a piece of their writingB. meet the Writer Squad LeaderC. offer their family informationD. complete an application form58. Applications for the Writer Squad should be e-mailed no later than _______.A. 6 September, 2014B. 8 September, 2014C. 17 September, 2014D. 12 October, 201459. What is most important for the beginners?A. Practising as much as possible.B. Gaining confidence and having fun.C. Studying and writing at their own pace.D. Learning skills from writers and teachers.60. More information about Beginner Writing Project can be found at _______.A. /townerB. C. D. BIn the mid-1950s, I was a somewhat bored early-adolescent male student who believed that doing any more than necessary was wasted effort. One day, this approach threw me into embarrassment In Mrs. Totten’s eighth-grade math class at Central Avenue School in Anderson, Indiana, we were learning to add and subtract decimals (小数).Our teacher typically assigned daily homework, which would be recited in class the following day. On most days, our grades were based on our oral answer to homework questions.Mrs. Totten usually walked up and down the rows of desks requesting answers from student after student in the order the questions had appeared on our homework sheets. She would start either at the front or the back of the classroom and work toward the other end.Since I was seated near the middle of about 35 students, it was easy to figure out which questions I might have to answer. This particular time, I had completed my usual two or three problems according to my calculations.What I failed to expect was that several students were absent, which threw off my estimate. As Mrs. Totten made her way from the beginning of the class, I desperately tried to determine which math problem I would get.I tried to work it out before she got to me, but I had brain freeze and couldn’t function.When Mrs. Totten reached my desk, she asked what answer I’d got for problem No. 14. “I…I didn’t get anything,” I answered, and my face felt warm.“Correct,” she said.It turned out that the correct answer was zero.What did I learn that day? First, always do all your homework. Second, in real life it isn’t always what you say but how you say it that matters. Third, I would never make it as a mathematician.If I could choose one school day that taught me the most, it would be that one.61. What does the underlined part in Paragraph 1 indicate?A. It is wise to value one’s time.B. It is important to make an effortC. It is right to stick to one’s belief.D. It is enough to do the necessary.62. Usually, Mrs. Totten asked her students to _______.A. recite their homework togetherB. grade their homework themselvesC. answer their homework questions orallyD. check the answers to their homework questions63. The author could work out which questions to answer since the teacher always _______.A. asked questions in a regular wayB. walked up and down when asking questionsC. chose two or three questions for the studentsD. requested her students to finish their usual questions64. The author failed to get the questions he had expected because _______.A. the class didn’t begin as us ualB. several students didn’t come to schoolC. he didn’t try hard to make his estimateD. Mrs. Totten didn’t start from the back of the class65. Which of the following can be the best title for the passage?A. An Unforgettable TeacherB. A Future MathematicianC. An Effective ApproachD. A V aluable LessonCThe behaviour of a building’s users may be at least as important as its design when it comes to energy use, according to new research from the UK Energy Research Centre (UKERC). The UK promises to reduce its carbon emissions (排放）by 80 percent by 2050, part of which will be achieved by all new homes being zero-carbon by 2016. But this report shows that sustainable building design on its own — though extremely important- is not enough to achieve such reductions: the behaviour of the people using the building has to change too.The study suggests that the ways that people use and live in their homes have been largely ignored by existing efforts to improve energy efficiency (效率), which instead focus on architectural and technological developments.‘Technology is going to assist but it is not going to do everything,’ explains Katy Janda, a UKERC senior researcher, ‘consumption patterns of building users can defeat the most careful design.’In other words, old habits die hard, even in the best-designed eco-home.Another part of the problem is information. Households and bill-payers don’t have the knowledge they need to change their energy-use habits. Without specific information, it’s hard to estimate the costs and benefits of making different choices. Feedback (反馈）facilities, like smart meters and energy monitors, could help bridge this information gap by helping people see how changing their behaviour directly affects their energy use; some studies have shown that households can achieve up to 15 percent energy savings using smart meters.Social science research has added a further dimension (方面）,suggesting that individuals’ behaviour in the home can be personal and cannot be predicted 一whether people throw open their windows rather than turn down the thermostat (恒温器) , for example.Janda argues that education is the key. She calls for a focused programme to teach people about buildings and their own behaviour in them.66. As to energy use, the new research from UKERC stresses the importance of________.A. zero-carbon homesB. the behaviour of building usersC. sustainable building designD. the reduction of carbon emissions67. The underlined word “which” in Paragraph 2 refers to”________.”A. the waysB. their homesC. developmentsD. existing efforts68. What are Katy Janda’s words mainly about?A. The importance of changing building users, habits.B. The necessity of making a careful building design.C. The variety of consumption patterns of building users.D. The role of technology in improving energy efficiency.69. The information gap in energy use _______.A. can be bridged by feedback facilitiesB. affects the study on energy monitorsC. brings about problems for smart metersD. will be caused by building users’ old habits70. What does the dimension added by social science research suggest?A. The social science research is to be furthered.B. The education programme is under discussion.C. The behaviour of building users is unpredictable.D. The behaviour preference of building users is similar. Part IV Writing (45 marks)Section A (10 marks)Directions: Read the following passage. Fill in the numbered blanks by using the information from the passage.Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each answer.Many of us invest valuable time, energy and money planning our vacations. We do this because we know for sure that going on vacations must be good for us. Research proves this feeling without a doubt. Vacations help us perform better at work, improve our sleep quality and cushion us against depression.Yet, despite these benefits, many of us return home with a feeling that our last vacation was OK - but not great. In order to change this, some mistakes should be avoided. A classic one for vacation planners is attempting to maximize value for money by planning trips that have too many components (组成部分)• Perhaps you’re planning a trip to Europe, seven cities in 10 days, and you realize it will cost only a little more to add two more destinations to the list Sounds fine in theory, but hopping from one place to the next hardly gives an opportunity to experience what psychologists call mindfulness - time to take in our new surroundings, time to be present and absorb our travel experiences. Another mistake is that we worry too much about strategic issues such as how to find a good flight deal, how to get from A to B, or which destinations to add or subtract from our journey. These issues may seem important, but our psychological state of mind is far more important.Actually, vacation happiness is based on the following top rules. First, choose your travel companions wisely, because nothing co ntributes more significantly to a trip than the right companions. Second, don’t spend your vacation time in a place where everything is too expensive so as to maintain a positive mood. Third, shop wisely, for meaningful experiences provide more long-term happiness than physical possessions.Section B (10 marks)Directions: Read the following passage. Answer the questions according to the information given in the passage.Kids and PondsYears ago there was a group of kids who would hang around at some local ponds in the woods near their houses in Warwick, Rhode Island. In summer they caught frogs and fish. When winter arrived they couldn’t wait to go skating. Time passed, and the ponds became the only open space for the kids to enjoy themselves in that neighborhood.One day, a thirteen-year-old boy from this group of kids read in the local newspaper that a developer wanted to fill in the ponds and build over a hundred small houses called condominiums. So the boy went door to door and gathered more than two hundred signatures (签名）to stop the development A group of citizens met and decided to support him.At the meeting of the town planning board (委员会),the boy was quite nervous at first and spoke very softly. But when he saw the faces of his friends and neighbors in the crowd and thought about what was happening to their favorite ponds, his voice grew louder. He told the town officials that they should speak for the citizens. He also insisted that they should leave enough space for children. A few days later, the developer stopped his plan.Nine years later, when that teen was a senior in college, he was informed that the developer was back with his proposal to build condominiums. Now twenty-two years old, he was studying wetlands ecology. He again appeared before the town planning board. This time as an expert witness, he used environmental protection laws to explain restrictions on development in and around wetlands and the knowledge of wetlands ecology to help improve the development. Finally some condominiums were built, but less than half the number the developer wanted. The ponds where those kids used to hang around were protected by a strip of natural land, and are still there today.81. What did the kids like to do at the local ponds in winter?(No more than 6 words) (2 marks)_______________________________________________________________________________82. How did the boy win the citizens’ support?(No more than 10 words) (2 marks)_______________________________________________________________________________83. What did the boy tell the town officials?(No more than 16 words) (3 marks)_______________________________________________________________________________84. What helped the boy to protect the ponds successfully nine years later?(No more than 12 words) (3 marks)_______________________________________________________________________________Section C (25 marks)Directions: Write an English composition according to the instructions given below.学校正在组织科技创新大赛,你想为日常生活中某件物品（如钢笔、书包、鞋子……)设计添加新功能来参赛。