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Unit 2Keeping Healthy【考点解析】Topic 1 You should brush your teeth twice a daySection A1.what's wrong with sb.／sth.=what’s the matter with sb.／sth.2.have a cold患感冒，have后可跟表示疾病的词语。
用来表示“患……疾病”。
e.g.have a headache／the flu【例1】You look so pale on your face，do you______ ______ _______(患感冒)?3.should／shouldn't情态动词“应该／不应该”e.g.Should I do sth.?Yes，you should.／No，you shouldn't.／No，you needn't.【例2】—How was the youth club last night，Mark?—It was great fun.You________ come.A.mustB.canC.shouldD.may以下是我们所学过的情态动词：(1)can能／会，can't不能／不允许，过去式could，couldn't。
e.g.Can I do sth.?Yes，you can／No，you can't.(2)need“需要”，作为情态动词时无人称和时态的变化，多用于疑问句或否定句中。
e.g.Need I do sth.?Yes，you must／have to.No，you needn't／don't have to.(3)must必须，mustn’t表示“禁止”。
e.g.Must I do sth.?Yes，you must.No，you needn't／don't have to.(4)may“可以／能够”，无否定形式。
Unit 2 Keeping Healthy综合能力演练I. 单项选择1. If you have a headache, you _______ lie down for a good rest. [中小学教育教学资料]A. shouldn’tB. had better notC. had betterD. mustn’t2. —I had a backache. I can’t sleep.—_______ [中小学教育教学资料]A.Don’t worry.B. Not so well.C. I’m sorry to hear that.D. Why?3.—Oh, you have a headache and a cough. _______ have you been like this?—Three days. [中小学教育教学资料]A.How longB. How soonC. How oftenD. How many4. You should not eat _______ meat. It can make you fatter.A. too manyB. too muchC. much tooD. many too5. —Watching TV too much _______ bad for your eyes.—I’ll go to bed right away.A.isB. areC. wasD. be6. —I can’t keep myself active during the day.—You _______ take more exercise. [中小学教育教学资料]must not B. must be C. need to D. may be [中小学教育教学资料]7. You had better ask your brother _______ playing computer games. It’s bad for him.A. to give upB. not to give upC. to give it upD. not give it up8. —Must I take part in the activity?—No, you _______. You’re too young. You should look after yourself.A.mustn’tB. don’tC. can’tD. don’t have to [真题链接]1. Look at the "No parking" sign. You _____park your car here.A. shouldB. mustC. needn'tD. mustn't2. We _______ be more careful, or we will make the same mistake in the experiment.A. mightB. canC. mayD. should [中小学教育教学资料]3. －Have you heard the song Stay Here Forever?－Yes. It sounds _______.A. wellB. loudlyC. sweetD. beautifullyII. 阅读理解AYou are what you eatKeeping better eating habits can help you reduce (减少) disease. A healthy eating plan means choosing the right foods to eat and preparing foods in a healthy way.[中小学教育教学资料]Do you often change your toothbrush? Maybe you think it is not necessary.A study shows old toothbrushes bring disease. You should often change your toothbrush.ExerciseSwimming, running, skating, skiing, dancing, walking and some other activities can help you stay healthy. You should exercise at least three times a week and for twenty minutes or more each time. Do it.Plan out your life [中小学教育教学资料]You should have breakfast before you go to school. Have a proper (合适的) meal for lunch. Follow a healthy diet.。
Unit 2 Keeping Healthy综合能力演练I. 单项选择1. —I have a toothache.—You should _______.A. drink lots of waterB. take a restC. see a dentistD. have a good sleep2. In summer, there is _______ rain in my hometown.A. manyB. lot ofC. plenty ofD. a few3. It’s hot here. Why not _______ your coat?A. put onB. to take offC. to put onD. take off4. —You look pale. What’s _______ with you?—I have _______ headache.A.the wrong; aB. wrong; theC. matter; theD. the matter; a5. You mustn’t stay _______ late every day. It’s bad for your health.A. ofB. upC. forD. on6. —Must we keep the window _______ all the time?—No, you don’t have to.A. openingB. openedC.to openD. open7. He eats _______ food, so he is _______ fat.A. much too; too muchB. too much; much tooC. much too; the manyD. too much; too many8.—Must I take the medicine every day?—No, you _______.A.mustB. mustn’tC. needn’tD. can’t9. My mother is ill. I _______ stay at home to take care of her.A. canB. mayC. shouldD. maybe10.—May I use your dictionary, Lily?—Sure, _______.A.go aheadB. you can ask BillC. you can’tD. that’s all right[真题链接]1.Look! Sonia looks worried. There must be ________ wrong with her.A. nothingB. somethingC. anythingD. everything2.－________ do you go to the supermarket, Amy?－Once a week.A. How manyB. How muchC. How farD. How often3. —Have they found the lost flight MH370?—Not yet. I’m really ______ the people on the plane.A. worried aboutB. angry withC. careful ofD. afraid ofII. 完形填空Ben woke up on Monday morning. He felt 1 . He always felt sick on Monday mornings. He had to go to school for a whole week. It was so difficult for him to go back to school.He 2 in bed and wondered what excuse he could make this time. He looked at his body, but couldn’t find 3 wrong. A little headache? No. He had used that excuse many times. Then he realized that one of his teeth was loose (松动). Good! He was just going to start groaning (呻吟) when he thought that Aunt Polly would pull the tooth out. That would hurt! He looked 4 something else. Suddenly he remembered the doctor had said something about a certain problem with toes. He pulled his right foot out and looked at it. 5 of the toes was really hurting, and Ben began to groan.“What’s 6 with you?” Aunt Polly asked. “My toe hurts.” The old lady fell into a chair, smiling a little. “Be n, you frightened me. Now shut up at onceand get out of 7 .”Ben felt like a thief being caught. “Well, it seemed all right. It hurt so much 8 I forgot my tooth.” “Tooth, eh? What’s wrong with your tooth?” “One of them is loose and it hurts 9 .” “No problem,” answered Aunt Polly. “I can pull it out.” “Please, Aunt! Don’t pull it out. It has 10 hurting now. Please!” “No way! Well, you’d better go to school or you’ll have your tooth out.”1. A. happy B. tired C. sick D. hungry2. A. lie B. lay C. lied D. lying3. A. something B. anything C. everything D. nothing4. A.at B. for C. after D. like5. A. One B. Two C. Some D. Many6. A. matter B. trouble C. problem D. wrong7. A. school B. chair C. bed D. kitchen8. A. what B. which C. that D. until9. A. bad B. badly C. worse D. terrible10. A. stopped B. forgotten C. enjoyed D. begunIII. 阅读理解AJoan worked in a hospital as a nurse. One evening there was a big dance at the hospital. Most of the doctors and nurses would be there, but of course somebody had to be left to look after the sick children, and Joan was not of the lucky ones. She liked dancing very much, so when she had to start work that evening while her friends were getting ready to go to the dance, she felt very sorry for herself.She went to each sick child one after another and said good-night, until she came to one little boy, Dickey. He was eleven years old, but he was already able to talk like an adult. Poor Dickey had a very serious illness, and now he was hardly able to move any part of his body except his hands. Joan knew he would never get any better, but he was always happy and always thinking about other people instead of about himself.Dickey knew that Joan loved dancing, so now when she came to say good-night to him, he greeted her with the words,“I’m very sorry that you have to miss the dance because of us. But we are going to have a party for you. If you look in my drawer (抽屉), you’ll find a piece of cake. I saved it from my supper today, so it’s quite fresh. And there is also a dollar there. You can buy something to drink with that. And I’d get up and dance with you myself if I were able to.”he added.Suddenly the hospital dance seemed very far away and not important to Joan at all.1. Joan felt unlucky that evening mainly because _______.A. there was a dance ball at the hospitalB. of her unpleasant jobC. she was obligated (被迫) to look after the sick childrenD. she would lose the chance to go to the big dance at the hospital2. Poor Dickey _______.A. was no more than a boy of elevenB. fell seriously illC. was clever at talking though he was very youngD. all the above3. Dickey was lovely because _______.A. he was a nice, kind boy of elevenB. he was always thinking about others more than himselfC. he saved a piece of cake for his nurseD. he could foresee (预知) that he would never get any better4. Which of the following is not TRUE?A. Dickey knew why Joan was unhappy.B. Dickey heard about the dance.C. Dickey showed sympathy (同情) for Joan.D. Dickey rose up to greet Joan when she came.5.At that party arranged (安排) for Joan, Dickey probably _______.A. got up and danced with herB. gave Joan some cake he had savedC. brought her something to drinkD. lost the dollar which he was going to give JoanBIt is a cold and dry winter morning. When you wake up, you feel that your throat hurts. You begin to sneeze and later you may cough. You must have a cold! Wait a moment. Could it just be a common cold or the flu (流感) that’s been going around?A cold gives you a runny nose and cough. But it’s usually easy to dea l with. Some take medicine while others drink herbal tea or chicken soup. Usually you feel better after a week.On the other hand, the flu can be much more dangerous. It usually gives you fever. Sometimes it can cause death. According to an American magazine, the worst flu killed about 50 million people from 1918 to 1919.Don’t worry. If you get a flu vaccine (疫苗), it can stop you from getting the virus (病毒). Flu vaccines work by giving the body a s mall amount of flu viruses. This causes your body to develop antibodies (抗体). So next time you get the flu, the antibodies should help you.The flu virus changes every few years. Therefore, there are so many types of flu, such as H1N1 and H5N1. The antibodies for one type of flu can’t help us against all types of flu. That’s why we need to get the vaccine every year.However, good health habits may also help stop you developing a cold or flu. Washing your hands often helps stop you from getting viruses. It is also important to get regular exercise and eat healthy food. All these can help you strengthen your immune system (增强免疫系统).6. If you have a common cold, usually you’ll feel better after ________.A. a weekB. two weeksC. ten daysD. twenty days7. According to the passage, which is TRUE of the flu?A. It first happened in 1919．B. It usually doesn’t give you fever.C. It is easy to deal with．D. It can kill people sometimes.8. If you get a flu vaccine, ________.A. it can’t stop you from getting the flu virusB. it won’t cause your body to develop antibodiesC. your body will develop antibodiesD. your body will get a large amount of flu viruses9. We need to get a flu vaccine every year because ________.A. we probably have a cold in winterB. the flu virus changes every few yearsC. the flu is very dangerousD. you don’t need to take any medicine after that10. The following ways can help stop the flu EXCEPT ________.A. staying indoorsB. getting regular exerciseC. eating healthy foodD. washing our hands often【答案与解析】I. 单项选择。
Unit 2 Keeping healthyTopic 2 I must ask him to give up smoking一、重点短语1. stay up late熬夜2. be bad for对……有害3. be good for对……有益4. too much太多，过分5. do morning exercises做早操6. keep long fingernails长长指甲7. play sports right进行适当的体育锻炼8. go to school without breakfast不吃早餐去上学9. have a bath洗澡10. take a fresh breath呼吸新鲜空气11. read...about...读关于……12. Ren’ai English Post仁爱英语报13. ask sb to do叫某人做某事14. give up放弃15. read in the sun在太阳底下看书16. throw litter about乱扔垃圾17. on the lawn在草坪上18. put...into...把……放进……19. exercise on an empty stomach空腹锻炼20. get into进入21. keep the air clean and fresh保持空气清新22. wash hands before meals饭前洗手23. potato chips炸薯条二、重点句型1. Staying up late is bad for your health.熬夜有害健康。
1） stay up late熬夜2） be bad for...对……有害。
类似的短语还有：be good for...对……有好处3） staying up late is...动名词作主语。
当我们需要一个动词充当主语时，常用此动词的动名词（即doing）形式。
UNIT 2 keeping healthyTopic1Section A1、 had better do sth. 最好做某事2、 You don’t look well.你看起来气色不好3、 What’s wrong with you ?=what’s the matter with you ?= what’s the trouble with you ?你怎么了？？4、 go to see a doctor 去看医生5、 what’s wrong with you ? I have a toothache.你怎么了？我牙疼。
6、 be sorry to do sth. /I’m sorry to hear that.做某事很难过/听到那件事我很难过7、 get well soon 很快就很好！！8、 have a bad cold 患了重感冒9、 have a cough/fever/headache 咳嗽/发烧/头痛10、 in the evening 在傍晚11、 bolled water 开水12、 stay in bed 卧床13、 have sore eyes 眼睛疼14、 have a backache/stomachache 背痛胃痛15、 see a doctor 看医生16、 take a rest / have a rest 休息17、 have a good sleep 睡个好觉Section B18、 I’m feeling terrible.我感觉不舒服。
19、 How long have you been like this? two days .像这样多久了？两天20、 take sb.to s.w. ----take you to the hospital 带某人去某地-----带你去医院21、 take some medicine 吃药22、 have a good rest 好好休息23、 bruth one’s teeth 刷牙24、 have the flu 患了流感25、 lie down 躺下26、 had better + V.原型 = should + V.原型最好做某事27、 had better not do sth. = shouldn’t do sth. 最好不要做某事Section C28、 happen to sb. 某人怎么了29、 a beautiful day 美丽的一天30、 fly a kite = fly kites31、 something new 新东西32、 go up 上升33、 fall down 摔倒跌倒34、 run to sb. 跑向某人35、 I feel terrible 我感觉不舒服36、 call a taxi 打出租车‘37、 look afer = take care = care for 关心照顾38、 take sb.to s.w. 把某人带到某地39、 Soon the taxi came and took Michael to he hosipital 出租车很快就来了把迈克尔送到了医院40、 be serious 严重的41、 need to do sth. 需要做某事 you need to rest at home for a week42、 take pills 服药43、 three times a week 一周三次44、 help sb.(to) do sth.帮助某人做某事45、 have an accident 发生事故46、 hurt his leg 伤了他的腿47、 do a different jump 做不同的跳跃48、 be careful 小心49、 How are you feeling?你感觉怎么样？50、 I hurt my left leg .我伤了我的左腿51、 tell sb.to do sth. 告诉某人做某事52、 stay in bed 卧床 The doctor told me to stay in bed for a week53、 ask one week’s leave 请一周的假54、 I hope I’ll get well and return to school soon 我希望我很快就康复返校55、 return to s.w. = come back s.w. 回到某地Section D56、 come to visit 去参观57、 How are you feeling today ?Not too bad .你今天感觉怎么样？不错58、 thank you for sth.因为某事感谢你59、 It’s nothing serious .不严重60、 You’d better stay in bed and not move your left leg too much.你最好卧床别动左腿61、 be worry about sth.对某事感到着急62、 have a good rest 好好休息63、 help sb.with sth.= help sb.do sth.在某方面帮助某人64、 follow one’s advice 接受某人的建议65、 Thanks a lot 多谢66、 bring / buy / make sth. for sb.给某人带/买/做某物67、 give / kick / take / pass sth. to sb. 把某物给/踢/带/递某人68、 get well 康复69、 ask / tell sb.to do sth. 让/告诉某人做某事70、 ask / tell sb. not to do sth. 让/告诉某人不要做某事三、其他重要短语和句型1.表示同情：I’m sorry to hear that.听到那个消息我很难过。
Unit 2 Keeping Healthy综合能力演练I. 单项选择1. —I have a toothache.—You should _______.A. drink lots of waterB. take a restC. see a dentistD. have a good sleep2. In summer, there is _______ rain in my hometown.A. manyB. lot ofC. plenty ofD. a few3. It’s hot here. Why not _______ your coat?A. put onB. to take offC. to put onD. take off4. —You look pale. What’s _______ with you?—I have _______ headache.A.the wrong; aB. wrong; theC. matter; theD. the matter; a5. You mustn’t stay _______ late every day. It’s bad for your health.A. ofB. upC. forD. on6. —Must we keep the window _______ all the time?—No, you don’t have to.A. openingB. openedC.to openD. open7. He eats _______ food, so he is _______ fat.A. much too; too muchB. too much; much tooC. much too; the manyD. too much; too many8.—Must I take the medicine every day?—No, you _______.A.mustB. mustn’tC. needn’tD. can’t9. My mother is ill. I _______ stay at home to take care of her.A. canB. mayC. shouldD. maybe10.—May I use your dictionary, Lily?—Sure, _______.A.go aheadB. you can ask BillC. you can’tD. that’s all right[真题链接]1.Look! Sonia looks worried. There must be ________ wrong with her.A. nothingB. somethingC. anythingD. everything2.－________ do you go to the supermarket, Amy?－Once a week.A. How manyB. How muchC. How farD. How often3. —Have they found the lost flight MH370?—Not yet. I’m really ______ the people on the plane.A. worried aboutB. angry withC. careful ofD. afraid ofII. 完形填空Ben woke up on Monday morning. He felt 1 . He always felt sick on Monday mornings. He had to go to school for a whole week. It was so difficult for him to go back to school.He 2 in bed and wondered what excuse he could make this time. He looked at his body, but couldn’t find 3 wrong. A little headache? No. He had used that excuse many times. Then he realized that one of his teeth was loose (松动). Good! He was just going to start groaning (呻吟) when he thought that Aunt Polly would pull the tooth out. That would hurt! He looked 4 something else. Suddenly he remembered the doctor had said something about a certain problem with toes. He pulled his right foot out and looked at it. 5 of the toes was really hurting, and Ben began to groan.“What’s 6 with you?” Aunt Polly asked. “My toe hurts.” The old lady fell into a chair, smiling a little. “Be n, you frightened me. Now shut up at onceand get out of 7 .”Ben felt like a thief being caught. “Well, it seemed all right. It hurt so much 8 I forgot my tooth.” “Tooth, eh? What’s wrong with your tooth?” “One of them is loose and it hurts 9 .” “No problem,” answered Aunt Polly. “I can pull it out.” “Please, Aunt! Don’t pull it out. It has 10 hurting now. Please!” “No way! Well, you’d better go to school or you’ll have your tooth out.”1. A. happy B. tired C. sick D. hungry2. A. lie B. lay C. lied D. lying3. A. something B. anything C. everything D. nothing4. A.at B. for C. after D. like5. A. One B. Two C. Some D. Many6. A. matter B. trouble C. problem D. wrong7. A. school B. chair C. bed D. kitchen8. A. what B. which C. that D. until9. A. bad B. badly C. worse D. terrible10. A. stopped B. forgotten C. enjoyed D. begunIII. 阅读理解AJoan worked in a hospital as a nurse. One evening there was a big dance at the hospital. Most of the doctors and nurses would be there, but of course somebody had to be left to look after the sick children, and Joan was not of the lucky ones. She liked dancing very much, so when she had to start work that evening while her friends were getting ready to go to the dance, she felt very sorry for herself.She went to each sick child one after another and said good-night, until she came to one little boy, Dickey. He was eleven years old, but he was already able to talk like an adult. Poor Dickey had a very serious illness, and now he was hardly able to move any part of his body except his hands. Joan knew he would never get any better, but he was always happy and always thinking about other people instead of about himself.Dickey knew that Joan loved dancing, so now when she came to say good-night to him, he greeted her with the words,“I’m very sorry that you have to miss the dance because of us. But we are going to have a party for you. If you look in my drawer (抽屉), you’ll find a piece of cake. I saved it from my supper today, so it’s quite fresh. And there is also a dollar there. You can buy something to drink with that. And I’d get up and dance with you myself if I were able to.”he added.Suddenly the hospital dance seemed very far away and not important to Joan at all.1. Joan felt unlucky that evening mainly because _______.A. there was a dance ball at the hospitalB. of her unpleasant jobC. she was obligated (被迫) to look after the sick childrenD. she would lose the chance to go to the big dance at the hospital2. Poor Dickey _______.A. was no more than a boy of elevenB. fell seriously illC. was clever at talking though he was very youngD. all the above3. Dickey was lovely because _______.A. he was a nice, kind boy of elevenB. he was always thinking about others more than himselfC. he saved a piece of cake for his nurseD. he could foresee (预知) that he would never get any better4. Which of the following is not TRUE?A. Dickey knew why Joan was unhappy.B. Dickey heard about the dance.C. Dickey showed sympathy (同情) for Joan.D. Dickey rose up to greet Joan when she came.5.At that party arranged (安排) for Joan, Dickey probably _______.A. got up and danced with herB. gave Joan some cake he had savedC. brought her something to drinkD. lost the dollar which he was going to give JoanBIt is a cold and dry winter morning. When you wake up, you feel that your throat hurts. You begin to sneeze and later you may cough. You must have a cold! Wait a moment. Could it just be a common cold or the flu (流感) that’s been going around?A col d gives you a runny nose and cough. But it’s usually easy to deal with. Some take medicine while others drink herbal tea or chicken soup. Usually you feel better after a week.On the other hand, the flu can be much more dangerous. It usually gives you fever. Sometimes it can cause death. According to an American magazine, the worst flu killed about 50 million people from 1918 to 1919.Don’t worry. If you get a flu vaccine (疫苗), it can stop you from getting the virus (病毒). Flu vaccines work by giving the body a s mall amount of flu viruses. This causes your body to develop antibodies (抗体). So next time you get the flu, the antibodies should help you.The flu virus changes every few years. Therefore, there are so many types of flu, such as H1N1 and H5N1. The antibodies for one type of flu can’t help us against all types of flu. That’s why we need to get the vaccine every year.However, good health habits may also help stop you developing a cold or flu. Washing your hands often helps stop you from getting viruses. It is also important to get regular exercise and eat healthy food. All these can help you strengthen your immune system (增强免疫系统).6. If you have a common cold, usually you’ll feel better after ________.A. a weekB. two weeksC. ten daysD. twenty days7. According to the passage, which is TRUE of the flu?A. It first happened in 1919．B. It usually doesn’t give you f ever.C. It is easy to deal with．D. It can kill people sometimes.8. If you get a flu vaccine, ________.A. it can’t stop you from getting the flu virusB. it won’t cause your body to develop antibodiesC. your body will develop antibodiesD. your body will get a large amount of flu viruses9. We need to get a flu vaccine every year because ________.A. we probably have a cold in winterB. the flu virus changes every few yearsC. the flu is very dangerousD. you don’t need to take any medicine after th at10. The following ways can help stop the flu EXCEPT ________.A. staying indoorsB. getting regular exerciseC. eating healthy foodD. washing our hands often【答案与解析】I. 单项选择。
同步课堂仁爱版八年级英语上Unit 2 Keeping HealthyTopic 1 You should brush your teeth twice a day.一、重点词语toothache牙疼hear听见，听到headache 头疼suggest 建议，提议fever 发烧，发热cough 咳嗽stomachache胃疼coffee 咖啡tea 茶；茶叶enough足够的，充分的。
足够lift举起，抬起；（云、烟等）消散。
（英）电梯feel觉得，感到terrible糟糕的；可怕的medicine药suggestion建议，提议day and night 日日夜夜candy糖果brush 刷；擦。
刷子tooth牙齿lie躺，平躺while当……时候；而，然而。
一段时间，一会儿cry叫喊，叫声。
哭；喊叫taxi出租车X-ray X光照片；X射线serious严重的；严肃的；认真的care照顾，照看；小心，谨慎。
关心，关怀；关注，在意still 仍然，还是fruit 水果；果实；结果worry担心，担忧advice忠告，劝告，建议二、词组1.have a cold/a toothache /a fever/a cough/a backache/ a stomachache/ a sore throat / the flu /sore eyes感冒/牙疼/发烧/咳嗽/背疼胃疼/咽喉发炎/流感/眼疼2.take a rest=have a rest 休息3.not read for too long 不要看书太久4.boiled water 开水5.stay in bed 卧病在床，躺在床上6.have a good sleep 好好睡一觉7.feel terrible 感觉难受8.day and night 日日夜夜9.You`d better=You had better 你最好-------10.not so well 很不好11.not too bad 没什么大碍12.much better 好多了13.go to see a doctor 去看病14.take /have some medicine 吃药15.take------to-----把--------带到--------16.send------to-------把-------送到-------17.hot tea with honey 加蜂蜜的热茶18.lie down 躺下19.look after=take care of 照看，照顾20.brush teeth 刷牙21.have an accident 发生一次意外/事故22.don`t worry 别担心23.worry about 担心--------24.nothing serious 没什么严重，没什么大碍25.check over 诊断，仔细检查26.thank you for------------因--------而感谢你27.buy------for----为------买------28.not------until----直到-------才----29.ice cream 冰淇淋30.both----and---------和-------都是----31.take some cold pills 吃感冒药32.plenty of 许多，大量三、重点句型1. What`s wrong with you/him/her?你/他/她怎么了？同一句：What`s the matter with-------? What`s the trouble with------?2.You should see a dentist.你应该去看牙医。
1 专项语法讲练—— 情态动词 【概念引入】 情态动词有具体的词义，但也同助动词一样，需要与其他词语一起构成句子的谓语，另外情态动词没有人称和数的变化，情态动词后必须跟动词原形。 【用法讲解】 I、常见情态动词的用法 一、can 的用法： (1) 表示能力。 表示能力时一般译为“能、会”， 即有某种能力，尤其是生来具备的能力，此时may 和must 均不可代替它。例如： She can swim fast, but I can’t. 她能游得很快，但我不能。 I can see with my eyes. 我用眼睛看。 (2) 表示许可，常在口语中。例如： You can use my dictionary. 你可以用我的字典。 (3) 表示推测。 表示推测时，意为“可能”， 常用于否定句和疑问句中，此时can’t 译为“不可能”。 例如： Can the news be true? 这个消息会是真的吗？ — Can the man be our teacher?那个人有可能是我们老师吗？ — No, he can’t be our teacher. Our teacher is on a visit to the Great Wall. 不可能。咱们老师正在游览长城呢。 二、could的用法： (1) can的过去式，意为“能、 会”，表示过去的能力。例如： He could write poems when he was 10. 他十岁时就会写诗。 (2) could在疑问句中，表示委婉的语气，此时 could 没有过去式的意思。例如： Could you do me a favour? 你能帮我个忙吗？ — Could I use your pen? 我能用一下你的钢笔吗? —Yes, you can.可以。 三、may的用法： (1) 表示请求、许可，比can 正式。例如： May I borrow your bike? 我可以借你的自行车吗？ You may go home now. 现在你可以回家了。 (2) 表示推测，谈论可能性，意为“可能， 或许”，一般用于肯定句中。 例如： It may rain tomorrow. 明天可能会下雨。 She may be at home. 她可能在家呢. (3) may的过去式为might，表示推测时，可能性低于may。 例如： He is away from school. He might be sick. 他离开学校了，可能是他生病了。 (4) 表示希望、祈求、祝愿，常可译为“祝愿”。通常是用may +主+动词。 例如： May you have a good time. 祝你过得愉快。 May you be happy! 祝你幸福！ May you succeed! 祝你成功！ 四、must的用法： (1) must 表示主观看法，意为“必须、一定”。 例如： You must stay here until I come back.在我回来之前你必须待在这儿。 Must I hand in my homework right now? 我必须现在交作业吗？ (2) 其否定形式mustn’t表示“一定不要” “千万别”“禁止，不许”。例如： You mustn’t play with fire. 你不许玩火。 You mustn’t be late. 你一定不要迟到。 2
(3) 对must引导的疑问句，肯定回答为must，否定回答为needn’t 或 don’t have to。例如：— Must I finish my homework? 我现在必须完成作业吗？ —No, you needn’t.不，你不必。 (4) must表示有把握的推测，用于肯定句。例如： The light is on, so he must be at home now. 灯亮着，他现在肯定在家。 注意：反意疑问句的构成形式： 当must表示肯定的判断、推测时，其反意疑问句要用实际问句的助动词来构成。例如： She must have seen the film before, hasn’t she? (注意反意疑问句的后半部分) You must have met uncle Wang in the shop yesterday, didn’t you? (注意反意疑问句的后半部分) 五、need的用法： (1) need 表示需要、必须，主要用于否定句和疑问句中，其否定形式为needn’t，意为“没有必要，不必”。 用need 提问时，肯定回答为 must，否定回答为 needn’t或don’t have to。 例如： — Need I stay here any longer? 我还有必要留在这儿吗？ — Yes, you must. 是的。 —No, you needn’t /don’t have to. 不， 你不必。 (2) need 还可以作实义动词，此时有人称、数和时态的变化，如果是人作主语，后边多接动词不定式。例如： I need to do it right now. 我需要马上做这件事。 He needs to learn more about the girl.他需要多了解那个女孩。 如果是物作主语，一般用need doing 与 need to be done。这种情况应注意两点： 1) 主动形式的动名词doing具有被动的含义； 2) 该动名词可以改为其动词不定式的被动形式而句子的意义不变。例如： The door needs painting. = The door needs to be painted. 那扇门需要油漆一下。 Your car needs mending. = Your car needs to be repaired. 你的车需要维修了。 六、shall 的用法： shall表示征求对方意见（多用于第一、三人称），例如： Shall we go out for a walk? 我们出去散步好吗？ 七、should的用法： (1) should 意为“应该”，可表示劝告、建议、义务、责任等。 例如： We should protect the environment. 我们应该保护环境。 (2) should have done 表示对过去动作的责备、批评。例如： You should have finished your homework. 你应该已经完成作业了。（事实上你没有完成。） 八、will 的用法： will表示意愿、意志、打算，可用于多种人称。例如： I will help you if I’m free this afternoon.今天下午如果我有空，我就会帮你。 II、情态动词易混点归纳 易混点一： can和be able to 两者表示能力时用法相同，但can只有原形“can”和过去式“could”两种形式，在其他时态中要用be able to 来表示。另外 be able to常常指经过努力，花费了时间和劳力之后才能做到某事。例如： Jim can’t speak English.吉姆不会说英语。 He could speak English at the age of 5. 他五岁时 就会说英语。 We’ll be able to see him next week.下星期我们将会见到他。 He has been able to drive. 他已经会开车了。 I’m sure you’ll be able to finish it quickly.我相信你能迅速地完成。 We were able to reach the top of the mountain at noon.我们能在中午到达山顶。 易混点二：can和may 1. can 和 may 均可用来征求意见或许可，意为“可以”， 一般可互换使用。例如： Can / May I help you? 我能帮助你吗？ 3
2. can 和may 表示可能性时的区别： 1) 在肯定句中用 might，may，must，不用can。 2) 在疑问句中表示推测用can，不用 might，may，must。 3) 在否定句中用can’t（不可能）， 不用 may， must。 例如： She may be in the classroom. 她可能在教室里。 Where can they be now? 他们现在可能在哪儿？ That can’t be true. 那不可能是真的。 易混点三：can’t 和 mustn’t 1. can’t 根据其基本用法可译为： (1) 不会。例如： I can’t speak English. 我不会说英语。 (2) 不能。例如： We can’t do it now because it’s too dark.天太黑了，我们现在干不了。 (3) 否定句中表示推测，意为“不可能”。例如： The man can’t be our teacher because he is much younger than our teacher. 那个人不可能是咱们老师，他年轻得多。 2. mustn’t 意为“禁止、不许”， 用来表达命令，表示强烈的语气。 例如： You mustn’t play football in the street. It’s too dangerous.你不可以在街上踢足球，太危险了。 易混点四：must 和 have to 1. must 侧重于个人意志和主观上的必要。have to 侧重于客观上的必要，可用于现在时、过去时和将来时。例如： I know I must study hard. 我知道我必须努力学习。 My brother was very ill, so I had to call the doctor in the mid-night. 我弟弟病得厉害， 我只得半夜里把医生请来。 I haven’t got any money with me, so I’ll have to borrow some from my friend. 我身上没带钱，只好向朋友借点了。 He said they must work hard.他说他们必须努力工作。 2. have to可以用于多种时态；而must只用于一般现在或将来。例如： The composition is due to hand in this morning, so I had to finish it last night. 作文今天早晨到期，因此我不得不昨天晚上完成。
