脂双层结构的形成
the polar head groups in all phospholipids can pack together into the characteristic bilayer structure. Sphingomyelins are similar in shape to phosphoglycerides and can form mixed bilayers with them. Cholesterol and other steroids are too hydrophobic to form a bilayer structure unless they are mixed with phospholipids.
膜脂——生物膜的基本组成成分
Three Classes of Lipids Are Found in Biomembranes
膜脂可分为三大类,磷脂(磷脂甘油), 鞘脂和胆固醇
A typical biomembrane is assembled from phosphoglycerides,sphingolipids, and steroids. All three classes of lipids are amphipathic molecules having a polar (hydrophilic) head group and hydrophobic tail.
in plasma membranes from human erythrocytes, almost all the sphingomyelin and phosphatidylcholine, both of which form less fluid bilayers, are found in the exoplasmic leaflet. In contrast, phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylserine, and phosphatidylinositol, which form more fluid bilayers, are preferentially located in the cytosolic leaflet.